Basic Level DPP - Functions JEE Advanced Crash Course

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Q1 (1) - Domain and Range

Given, f (x) = √sin −1

(2x) +
π

To find domain, we must have

sin
−1
(2x) +
π

6
≥ 0 [ but −π

2
≤ sin
−1
θ ≤
π

2
]

Now,
π −1 π
− ≤ sin (2x) ≤
6 2

−π π
⇒ sin( ) ≤ 2x ≤ sin( )
6 2

1
⇒ − ≤ 2x ≤ 1
2

1 1
⇒− ≤ x ≤
4 2

1 1
∴x ∈ [− , ]
4 2

Q2 (2) - Domain and Range

2

We have, f (cos 4θ) = ...(i)

2 cos θ 1+cos 2θ
2
=
2 cos θ−1 cos 2θ

when, cos 4θ = 1

1 4
2 2
⇒ 2 cos 2θ − 1 = ⇒ 2 cos 2θ =
3 3

2 2
⇒ cos 2θ =
3

2
∴ cos 2θ = ±√
3

2
1±√
1 3 √3+√2
Thus, f ( ) = =
3 2 ± √2
±√
3

1 3 3
∴ f ( ) = √ + 1 or − √ + 1
3 2 2

Q3 (2) - Domain and Range

2
x +14x+9
Let y = 2
x +2x+3

2 2
⇒ x y + 2xy + 3y = x + 14x + 9

2
⇒ x (y − 1) + x(2y − 14) + 3y − 9 = 0

∵x ∈ R

∴ Δ ≥ 0

2
⇒4(y − 7) − 4 ⋅ (y − 1)3(y − 3) ≥ 0

2 2
⇒ y + 49 − 14y − 3 (y − 4y + 3) ≥ 0

2
⇒ −2y − 2y + 40 ≥ 0

2
⇒y + y − 20 ≤ 0

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⇒(y + 5)(y − 4) ≤ 0

⇒−5 ≤ y ≤ 4

∴ Range = [−5, 4]

Q4 (2) - Domain and Range

We have, f (x) = log √5

{√2(sin x − cos x) + 3}

Since, −√2 ≤ sin x − cos x < √2

⇒1 ≤ √2(sin x − cos x) + 3 ≤ 5

⇒ log√ 1 ≤ log√ {√2(sin x − cos x) + 3} ≤ log√ 5

5 5 5

⇒0 ≤ f (x) ≤ 2

∴ Range = [0, 2]

Q5 (2) - Identical Functions

For identical functions domain and range should be same.

(1) f (x) = sin −1
x + cos
−1
x =
π

2
for all −1 ≤ x ≤ 1
g(x) = π/2 for all x ∈ R

∴ f and g are not identical.

(2) f (x) = tan −1
x + cot
−1
x =
π

2
for all x ∈ R
π
g(x) = for all x ∈ R
2

∴ f and g are identical.

(3) f (x) = sec −1
x + cosec
−1
x =
π

2
for all |x| ≥ 1.
π
g(x) = for all x ∈ R
2

∴ f and g are not identical.

Q6 (2) - Identical Functions

(1) We have, f (x) = √x 2

= |x|, x ∈ R

and g(x) = (√x)

2
= x, x ≥ 0

Clearly, f (x) ≠ g(x) for all x, as

(2) We have, f (x) = sec(sec −1
x) = x, |x| ≥ 1

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and g(x) = cosec(cosec

−1
x) = x, |x| ≥ 1

Clearly, f (x) = g(x) Hence, f and g are identical.

1+cos 2x 2

(3) We have, f (x) = √ 2

= √
2 cos

2
x
2
= √cos x = | cos x|

and g(x) = cos x

Clearly, f (x) ≠ g(x) for all x.

(4) We have, f (x) = x and g(x) = log e
x = x, x > 0 Then, f (x) = g(x) = x

Hence, f and g are not identical.

Q7 (4) - Identical Functions

(1) We have, f (x) = √1 + sin x

2
x x x x
= √(cos + sin ) = ∣
∣cos + sin ∣
∣
2 2 2 2

and g(x) = sin x

2
+ cos
x

Clearly. f (x) ≠ g(x) for all x

2x
(2) We have, f (x) = sin −1
(
1+x
2
) = 2 tan
−1
x, if − 1 ≤ x ≤ 1

and g(x) = 2 tan −1

x

Thus, f (x) ≠ g(x)

Hence, f and g are not identical in their common domain.

(3) We have, f (x) = √x 2

= |x|, x ∈ R

and g(x) = (√x) 2

= x, x ≥ 0

Clearly, f (x) ≠ g(x) for all x

(4) We have,
3 5
f (x) = loge x + loge x

3 5 8
= loge (x ⋅ x ) = loge x = 8 loge x, x > 0

and g(x) = 8 loge x, x > 0

Hence, f (x) and g(x) are identical.

Q8 (2) - Periodic Function

We have, f (x) = sin −1

(sin x)

We know that, if f (x) is not periodic and g(x) is periodic, then f ∘ g(x) is periodic with period of g(x) Hence,

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f (x) = sin
−1
(sin x) is periodic and its period = 2π

Q9 (1) - Periodic Function

We have, f (x) = | cos 2x|

We know that, period of | cos x| is π.

∴ Period of | cos 2x| = π

Q10 (1) - Periodic Function

We have, f (x) = | sin x| + | cos x|

Let T 1 = Period of | sin x| = π

and T 2 = Period of | cos x| = π

∵ f (x) is even function and both are complementary to each other.

Its period is of T and

1
∴ (LCM 1 T2 )
2

1 π
= π =
2 2

Q11 (2) - Periodic Function

We have, f (x) = sin 4

x + cos
4
x

2
2 2 2 2
f (x) = (sin x + cos x) − 2 sin x cos x

1 2
= 1 − (2 sin x ⋅ cos x)
2

1 2
= 1 − sin 2x
2

1 1−cos 4x
= 1 − ( )
2 2

1
= 1 − (1 − cos 4x)
4

Its period =
2π π
∴ =
4 2

Q12 (3) - Periodic Function

We have, f (x) = sec(sin x), f (x + π) = sec(sin(x + π))

= sec(− sin x)

= sec(sin x)

= f (x)

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Hence its period is π.

Q13 (4) - Periodic Function

We have, f (x) = sin(√[a]x)

Its period = 2π
= π (given)
√[a]

⇒√[a] = 2

⇒[a] = 4

⇒4 ≤ a < 5

∴a ∈ [4, 5)

Q14 (1) - Periodic Function

We have,
f (x) = (x + a) − [x + b] + sin πx + cos 2πx

+ sin 3πx + cos 4πx + ⋯ + sin(2n − 1)πx + cos 2nπx

To period of x + a − [x + b] + b − b

⇒x + b − [x + b] + a − b

⇒{x + b} + a − b

Hence, we see that its period is 1.

Now, period of sin πx is Period of cos 2π× is

2π 2π
= 2 = 1
π 2π

Similarly, period of cos 2nπx =

2π 1
=
2nπ n

∴ Period of f (x) is LCM of all above period, which is 2.

Q15 (3) - Periodic Function

We have, f (x) = sin

π πx π
[x] + cos + cos [x]
4 2 3

Let T Period of sin

π
1 = [x]
4

π π
⇒ sin [x + T1 ] = sin [x]
4 4
π π
⇒ [x + T1 ] = 2nπ + [x]
4 4

⇒ [x + T1 ] = 8n + [x]

∴ T1 = 8n

Its minimum value is 8.

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Hence, T 1 = 8

Period of cos πx 2π
T2 = = π = 4
2
2

T3 = Period of cos π

3
[x] = 6

∴ Period of [x] = LCM of T 1

, T2 and T 3
= 24

Q16 (1) - Periodic Function

We have,
1 2
f (x) = [x] + [x + ] + [x + ] − 3x + 15
3 3

1 1 2
= −x + [x] − (x + ) + [x + ] − (x + )
3 3 3

2 1 2
+ [x + ] + 15 + +
3 3 3

1 2
⇒ f (x) = −{x} − {x + } − {x + } + 16
3 3

1 1 2
∴ f (x + ) = − {x + } − {x + } − {x + 1} + 16
3 3 3

= − {x +
1

3
} − {x +
2

3
} − {x} + 16 as {x + 1} = {x}
1
⇒ f (x + ) = f (x)
3

∴ Period of f (x) is ( 1

3
) .

Q17 (1) - Composite Functions

We have, f : [−6, 6] → R

Then, f (x) = x 2
− 3 for x ∈ R

(fofof) (−1)+ (fofof) (0)+ (fofof) (1) =?

2
∴ f of (x) = f (x − 3)

2
2 4 2
= (x − 3) − 3 = x + 9 − 6x − 3

4 2
= x + 6 − 6x
2
and (f ofof )(x) = (x 4
+ 6 − 6x )
2
− 3

2
4 2
∴ ( fofof )(−1) = [(−1) + 6 − 6(−1) ] − 3 = −2

( fofof )(0) = 36 − 3 = 33

2
and ( fofof )(1) = (1 + 6 − 6) − 3 = −2

∴ (fofof) (−1)+( fofof )(0)+( fofof )(1)

= −2 + 33 − 2 = 29

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Now, f (y) = y
2
− 3 = 29

2
⇒y = 32

⇒y = 4√2

∴ (fofof)(−1)+ (fofof) (0)+ (fofof)(1) = f (4√2)

Q18 (1) - Composite Functions

We have,
2
g(x) = x + x − 2

1 2
and (g ∘ f )(x) = 2x − 5x + 2
2
2
Now, (g ∘ f )(x) = 4x − 10x + 4

2
= (2x − 3) − 5 + 2x

and g{f (x)} = (2x − 3) 2

+ (2x − 3) − 2

∴f (x) = 2x − 3

Q19 (4) - Composite Functions

We have,
f (x) =
x

x+1
and g(x) = 1−x
x

x 1−x
∴ (f og)(x) = f ( ) = x
1−x +1
1−x
x

1−x
= x+1−x
= x
1−x

Q20 (2) - Composite Functions

Given,
⎧ −1,x < 0

g(x) = 1 + {x}, f (x) = ⎨ 0,x = 0

⎩
1,x > 0

where {x} represents the fractional part function.

⎪ −1,1 + {x} < 0
⎧

∴ f {g(x)} = ⎨ 0,1 + {x} = 0

⎩
⎪
1,1 + {x} > 0

= 1, ∀x ∈ R, [∵ 1 + {x} > 0]

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Q21 (3) - Composite Functions

Given, domain of f (x) is [-5,7]

and x ∈ [−5, 7]
and g(x) = |2x + 5|
∴fog(x) = f {g(x)} = f [|2x + 5|]

⇒ −5 ≤ |2x + 5| ≤ 7 ⇒ 0 ≤ |2x + 5| ≤ 7

⇒ −7 ≤ 2x + 5 ≤ 7

⇒−12 ≤ 2x ≤ 2

⇒−6 ≤ x ≤ 1

∴ fog (x) ∈ [−6, 1]

Q22 (3) - Composite Functions

Given, f (x) = cot −1

(x) : R
+
→ (0,
π

2
)

and g(x) = 2x − x
2
: R → R

−1
∴ f {g(x)} = cot g(x)

−1 2
= cot (2x − x )

So, the range of f {g(x)} is [ π

4
,
π

2
)

Q23 (1) - Mappings

We have, gof is injective and surjective such that gof : A ∈ C

Let h(x) = gof(x)

∴h(y) = gof (y)

h(x) = h(y) ⇒ gof (x) = gof(y)

g{f (x)} = g{f (y)} ⇒ f (x) = f (y) (∵ g is injective )

⇒x = y (∵ f is injective)
Thus, gof(x) = gof (y), ∀x, y ∈ R
∴ gof is injective iff g and f both injective.

Let z ∈ C such that g(y) = z(∵ g is surjective) and

y ∈ B such that f (x) = y (∵ f is surjective)

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∴ gof (x) = g(y) = z

Every element of C is the some element of A.

So, gof is surjective iff g and f both are surjective.

Q24 (4) - Mappings

We have, f (z) = |z|

Let z 1 = 1 + i, |z1 | = √2

and z 2 = 1 − i |z2 | = √2

⇒f (z1 ) = f (z2 ) , but z1 ≠ z2

∴ f (z) is not one-one function.

Also, |z| ≥ 0
∴ f (z) is also not onto function.
Hence, f (z) is neither one-one nor onto function.

Q25 (3) - Mappings

2
x −4
We have, f (x) = x +4
2

2 2
x −4 x −4

and f (x
1 2
f (x1 ) = 2 2) = 2
x +4 x +4
1 2
2 2
x −4 x −4
1 2
f (x1 ) = f (x2 ) ⇒ 2
= 2
x +4 x +4
1 2

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
⇒ x x + 4x − 4x − 16 = x x − 4x + 4x − 16
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2

2 2
⇒8x − 8x = 0
1 2

2 2
⇒ x − x = 0 ⇒ (x1 + x2 ) (x1 − x2 ) = 0
1 2

x1 = −x2 or x1 = x2

∴ f (x) is many-one function. Let y ∈ R such that f (x) = y

2
x −4
2 2
⇒ y = 2
⇒ x y + 4y = x − 4
x +4

2
⇒ x (1 − y) = 4(y + 1)

4(y+1) 4(y+1)
2 2
⇒ x = ,x ≥ 4 ⇒ ≥ 4
1−y 1−y

y+1 y+1−1+y y+1

⇒ ≥ 1 ≥ 0 ⇒ − 1 ≥ 0
1−y 1−y 1−y

2y
⇒ ≥ 0
1−y

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0 ≤ y < 1

Hence, the range of f (x) is [0,1) i.e. into

Q26 (3) - Mappings

n−1
, if n is odd
We have, f (n) = { n
2

, if n is even
2

3−1
∴ f (3) =
2
= 1 and f (2) = 2

2
= 1

Thus, f (3) = f (2), but 3 ≠ 2

So, f is many-one function.

Surjectively : Let n be any arbitrary element of N . If n is odd natural number, then 2m − 1 is also an odd
natural number such that
2m−1−1
f (2m − 1) = = m − 1
2

If n is even natural number, then 2m is also an even natural number such that
Thus, for every m ∈ N (whether even or odd).

So, f is an onto function.

∴ f (x) is many-one and onto function.

Q27 (4) - Mappings

We have, f (x) = x + √x 2

⇒f (x) = x + |x| [∵ √x2 = |x|]

0, x ≤ 0
⇒f (x) = {
2x, x > 0

∴ f (x) is neither one-one nor onto function.

Q28 (4) - Mappings

We have, f (n) = (n + 5) 2

2 2
f (n1 ) = f (n2 ) ⇒ (n1 + 5) = (n2 + 5)

⇒n1 = n2

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∴ f (n) is one-one function.

Let y ∈ N is such that f (n) = y ⇒ y = (n + 5) 2

⇒ n ∉ N for y = 2. So, f is not onto.

Q29 (1) - Inverse of Function

(1)Given, f (x) = 1

x−1
,x ≠ 1

Let f (x
1 1
1) = f (x2 ) ⇒ =
x1 −1 x2 −1

⇒x1 − 1 = x2 − 1

⇒ x1 = x2

Hence, f (x) is one-one.

Let y =
1 1
⇒ x − 1 =
x−1 y

1
⇒ x = + 1
y

∴ Range ∈ R − {0}
f is onto, so f −1
exists.

(2) Given, y = x 2
= f (x)

Let f (x1 ) = f (x2 )

2 2
⇒ x = x
1 2

⇒x1 = ±x2

f is not one-one, so f −1
does not exist.
2
(3) Given, f (x) = x , x > 0

⇒x1 = x2 (x > 0)

∴ f is one-one.
Now, y = x 2

x = √y ⇒ y > 0

f is not onto, so f −1
does not exist.
(4) Given, f (x) = x 2
,x ≤ 0

Let f (x1 ) = f (x2 )

2 2
x = x ⇒ x1 = ±x2
1 2

x1 = x2 ( as x ≤ 0)

∴ f is one-one.

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Range ⇒ y ≥ 0

f is into, so f −1
does not exist.

Q30 (3) - Inverse of Function

Given: f : (2, 4) → (1, 3)

x
⇒ f (x) = x − [ ]
2
−1
⇒ f (x) = ?

x
⇒ f (x) = x − [ ]
2

⇒ x ∈ (2, 4)

x
⇒ ∈ (1, 2)
2

⇒ [x/2] = 1

⇒ f (x) = x − 1

⇒ let f (x) = y
−1
⇒ x = f (y)

⇒ y = x − 1

⇒ x = y + 1

−1
⇒ f (y) = y + 1

−1
⇒ f (x) = x + 1

Q31 (2) - Inverse of Function

1−x
Given f (x) = 1+x
2

1−x
Let y = 1+x
2
⇒ y + yx
2
= 1 − x

2
⇒ yx + x + (y − 1) = 0

−1±√1−4y(y−1) −1±√1+4y(1−y)

⇒ x = ⇒ x =
2y 2y

2
−1±√1+4y−4y
⇒x =
2y

2
−1±√1+4x−4x
−1
⇒ f (x) =
2x

2
−1+√1+4x−4x
−1
f (x) = ,x ≠ 0
2x

and f −1
(x) = 1, when x = 0.

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Q32 (1) - Inverse of Function

Given, f (x) = log a

2
x ,a > 1

Let y = log a
x
2
, then a
y
= x
2
⇒ x = √a
y

−1 −1
(b + c) = √a
x b+c
⇒f (x) = √a ⇒ f

f
−1
(b + c) = √a ⋅ a
b c
...(i)
−1
f (b) = √ab
Now, −1
} ...(ii)
f (c) = √ac

Using Eq. (ii) in Eq. (i), we get

−1 −1 −1
f (b + c) = f (b) ⋅ f (C)

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