Instruction Manual

CT 110 Test Stand for Single

Cylinder Engines, 7,5kW
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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

Air Flowrate.
Speed Torque Temperature. Cool.Temp.
Fuel Runback

123.4 123.4 123.4 123.4

Fuel. Inlet. Outlet.

Air. Exhaust.

Inlet Pressure.

Starter/Brake.
Ignition Coolant.Pump.

I
0
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

Fuel Pump.

Drain. Fill.

Fuel Inlet.

E N C Y
G
S
E M E R

T O P

Instruction Manual

Please read and follow the safety regulations before the first installation!

Publication-no.: 916.000 00 D 110 13 (A) DTP_12

DTP_12
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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

Table of Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2 Description of the unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

2.1 Unit layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

2.2 Setting Up the CT 110 Test Stand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

2.3 Inserting and connecting the engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.4 Measurements under load. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.4.1 Air consumption measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.4.2 Fuel consumption measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.4.3 Speed measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.4.4 Torque measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.5 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.6 Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.6.1 Hardware and software installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.6.2 Starting the software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

3 Safety instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

3.1 Health hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

3.2 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

4 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

4.1 Software formulae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

4.2 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.3 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

ii
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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

1 Introduction

Engine test stands such as the CT 110 Test Stand

for Small Combustion Engines facilitate experi-
ments on combustion engines on the consumption
of air for combustion and fuel consumption. In
addition, measured values on the load behaviour
and speed of the engines under test are provided.
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

The CT 110 Test Stand for Small Combustion

Engines is designed for investigations and
experiments on various combustion engines up to
an output power of 7.5 kW. The engines to be
investigated are connected to an asynchronous
motor that operates as a dynamometer. Engines
available for performing experiments are a
4-Stroke Petrol Engine (CT 100.20), a 2-Stroke
Petrol Engine (CT 100.21), an air-cooled 4-Stroke
Diesel Engine (CT 100.22) and also a 4-Stroke
Diesel Engine with Water Cooling (CT 100.23).
The test stand is equipped with a measuring tube
for fuel measurements and with a measuring
orifice for air consumption measurements.
Electronic sensors record the ambient tempera-
ture, fuel temperature and exhaust temperature.
Easy to read dial instruments provide data on air
consumption and engine intake pressure. A
comprehensive range of accessories includes,
amongst other items, an Electronic Indicating
System with a Spark Plug Pressure Transducer
(CT 100.13 and CT 100.14) and an Exhaust Gas
Calorimeter (CT 100.11). Accessories and
engines for experiments must be ordered
separately.

The system is only intended to be used for training

and experimental purposes.

1 Introduction 1
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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

2 Description of the unit

CT 110 Apart from the CT 110 test stand, a functional ex-

Air Flowrate.
Speed Torque Temperature. Cool.Temp.
Fuel Runback

perimental setup must include at least one engine

123.4 123.4 123.4 123.4

Fuel. Inlet. Outlet.

Air. Exhaust.

Inlet Pressure.

Starter/Brake.
Ignition Coolant.Pump.

(e.g. CT 100.20). Once the engine is placed in the

0

Fuel Pump.

Test test stand, experiments for plotting engine

Drain.

Fuel Inlet.
Fill.

engine
characteristic curves can be performed. For this
G
E N C Y

purpose the combustion engine is connected to

S
E M E R

T O P

the asynchronous motor, which is operated as a

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

dynamometric brake.

Apart from measurements on the consumption of

Fig. 2.1 Functional CT 110
experimental setup fuel and combustion air, the Test Stand for Small
CT 110 Combustion Engines is used in experiments to
measure the torque and speed on the engines
employed. The relevant measured values are
indicated on clear displays. A vibration-damped
base plate is provided as a mounting for the
engines. The asynchronous motor, which
functions as a dynamometric brake, is equipped
with a frequency converter. This facilitates the
injection into the mains of the electrical energy
gained when the asynchronous motor is used as a
brake. Injection is performed using a powerful
power return unit. Power is transmitted between
the engine and braking device via an elastic claw
coupling.

Due to the relatively small dimensions of the test

stand and its installation on a mobile laboratory
trolley, the unit is flexible in use.

2 Description of the unit 2

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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

2.1 Unit layout

18 1 Fuel tank with pump

Speed Torque Temperature. Cool.Temp.
Air Flowrate.

Fuel Runback
17 2 Mobile laboratory trolley
123.4 123.4 123.4 123.4

Air.
Fuel.

Exhaust.
Inlet. Outlet.

Inlet Pressure.
16 3 Vibration attenuator
Starter/Brake.

4 Damping mass
Ignition Coolant.Pump.

I
0

15 5 Air filter
19 Fuel Pump.

14 6 Quietening vessel
20
Drain.

Fuel Inlet.
Fill.

13 7 Air measurement temperatu-

12 re sensor
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21
11 8 Exhaust pipe
G
E N C Y

10 9 Air hose
S
E M E R

T O P

10 Base plate
22
9 11 Exhaust pipe to engine

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Fig. 2.2 CT110 unit setup

The basic module consists of a mobile laboratory

12 Vacuum measuring hose
13 Coupling guard
trolley (2) to which a base plate (10) is fitted using
14 Display and control panel vibration attenuators (3). The base plate is used
15 Fuel line connection for mounting the engines being tested and is fitted
16 Mounting, e.g. for CT113 with a damping mass for additional vibration atten-
17 Fuel measuring tube uation (4). The lower part of the frame contains a
18 Return line connection (diesel) mounting for various fuel tanks (1); a measuring
19 Transport protection tube (17) for fuel consumption measurements can
20 Asynchronous motor be filled via a pipe (not shown). After filling, the fuel
21 Force sensor (torque) can be fed to the engine using a connection with a
22 USB-connection self-sealing coupling (15), a second connection
(18) is provided for diesel engines with a return
pipe.

2 Description of the unit 3

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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

The combustion air that is drawn in by the engines

first flows through a filter (5), and then a quietening
vessel with measuring orifice (6). A hose (9)
provides the connection between the vessel and
the engine. Electronic sensors measure the
temperature of the combustion air and fuel. A
storage shelf (16) on the test stand can be used for
a measuring unit block if accessories are used.
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2 Description of the unit 4

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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

30 29 28 27 26 25

Speed Torque Temperature. Cool.Temp.

Air Flowrate.
18
Fuel Runback

123.4 123.4 123.4 123.4

Fuel. Inlet. Outlet.

17
Air. Exhaust.

31
Inlet Pressure.

Starter/Brake.
Ignition Coolant.Pump.

I
0

32
Fuel Pump.
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

33 24
23
Drain. Fill.

Fuel Inlet.

34 15
35
22
E N C Y
G
S
E M E R

T O P

Fig. 2.3 Displays and controls

22 Fuel drain valve The display and control panel (14) includes the
23 Fuel filling valve master switch (34), emergency stop switch (35)
24 Fuel pump button and the actual On-Off switch (31 - Starter/Brake)
25 Intake vacuum for the asynchronous motor. Below the digital dis-
26 Air consumption plays for speed, torque, temperature and cooling
27 Inlet and outlet coolant temperature water temperature (viewed from left to right), are
display
the adjusting knobs or changeover switches for the
28 Temperature display with changeover
switch for air, fuel and exhaust gas displays above.
29 Torque display and adjusting knob These adjusting knobs can be used to set the
30 Speed display and adjusting knob speed (30) and the torque (31) when the electric
31 Electric motor on/off (Starter / Brake) motor is turned on. When the electric motor is
32 Ignition on/off turned off (Starter/Brake), the C engine is run at
33 Coolant pump on/off switch idle speed, i.e. without load. The displays for com-
(CT100.23)
bustion air consumption (26) and engine intake
34 Master switch
35 EMERGENCY STOP button
pressure (25) take the form of dials.
The valve (23) allows the fuel filling speed for the
consumption measurement to be adjusted. The
other valve (22) can be used to drain the measur-
ing tube. When filling, the drain valve must be

2 Description of the unit 5

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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

closed. For filling, the button (24) must be pressed
Fuel return so that the fuel pump is operating.
line (diesel)

The ignition switch (32) allows the ignition voltage to

be turned on and off when using petrol engines. The
“Starter/Brake” switch (32) is used to start or brake
the combustion engines using the asynchronous
Fuel motor. The potentiometers can be used to adjust the
to engine
load via the speed and the torque.
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

22 23

There are further connections an operating hours

counter on the side of the test stand as shown in
Fig. 2.4 Fuel feed Fig. 2.4. The two sockets (36) can be used to con-
nect additional devices when using accessories.
In position (39) is the connection for the vacuum
hose used to measure the intake pressure. This is
connected to the intake manifold on the engine to
be investigated. To the left of the vacuum connec-
tion is the connection for the ignition voltage (38).
To the right of the vacuum connection is the 12V
connection (40) for the coolant pump. The pump is
activated using the switch (33) and is located on
the CT 100.23 engine. Right at the bottom on the
36
side are the connections for the temperature
sensors, which are located on the engines. The
sensor to measure the exhaust gas temperature
37 (43) is connected here for all test engines; the CT
38 100.23 engine has 2 additional sensors for record-
39 ing the cooling water temperature. The inlet
40 temperature (41) and outlet temperature (42) of
41 the cooling water are measured.
42
43

Fig. 2.5 Connections and controls on

the side of the CT 110

2 Description of the unit 6

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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

2.2 Setting Up the CT 110 Test Stand

Remove the transport protection (see Fig. 2.2, 19)

between the frame and the control cabinet.
A 400V connection is necessary to operate the CT
110 test stand. Once the test stand has been con-
nected to the power supply, it should be secured
against rolling away using the locking castors.
The fuel tanks must then be filled. One tank is pro-
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

vided for petrol, one tank for diesel and one tank
for two-stroke mixture 1:25. Depending of the
engine used, the fuel pump is then inserted in the
tank for the fuel specified for that engine.
Changing fuel when changing the engine
When changing engine, it is sufficient to com-
pletely drain the fuel line before the changeover
(open valves 22 and 23). The pipes should then be
rinsed out with the new fuel.

2.3 Inserting and connecting the engines

Before inserting, remove the cover on the

coupling.
The engines available for experiments are
Coupling halves prepared for installation in the test stand such that
they can be simply placed on the base plate and
then coupled to the braking device. For this
1 purpose the combustion engine, on which the
drive shaft is fitted with half a coupling in exactly
the same way as the braking device, is moved
towards the braking device such that the two
halves of the coupling are aligned. The intermedi-
ate piece (1), which is mounted in 2 inserts (2 and
2 3
3), is attached to one side before the two halves of
Fig. 2.6 Coupling halves with the coupling are pressed together (Fig. 2.6). Once
aluminium intermediate piece this has been done, the engine is then aligned
and plastic inserts
along the guide rail in such a way that the bolts

2 Description of the unit 7

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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

used to fix the engine to the base plate can be
screwed into the threads.
CAUTION! Do not disconnect the engine from
the base plate. Always replace the engine and
base plate together as a single unit. Engines
are aligned in the factory. Imprecise alignment
of the halves of the coupling can result in
irreparable damage to the plastic inserts,
particularly at high speeds!
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

Once the engine has been aligned, the retaining

Air hose Exhaust hose
bolts in the base plate can be fully tightened.
On the engine there are various supply lines (e.g.
fuel) and connectors (e.g. exhaust gas tempera-
ture sensor) that need to be connected to the CT
110 test stand. This procedure is described in
detail in the instructions for the individual engines.
On the test stand there are three hoses that need
to be connected to the engine being tested. These
are the hoses for the intake pressure measure-
Measuring hose for intake pressure
ment, the exhaust hose and the hose for the air
2.7 Example CT 100.xx - Engine supply to the engine. There are appropriate
with hoses connected: mountings for all hoses on the engines.
Air hose
Fuel hose
Fuel return line if required
(diesel)
Exhaust hose

CAUTION! Prior to performing the experi-

ments, it is imperative that the coupling guard
is bolted to the test stand base plate!

2 Description of the unit 8

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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

2.4 Measurements under load

During experiments, the test stand is used to dis-

play torque, speed, various temperatures and to
perform consumption measurements for combus-
tion air and fuel on the engine being tested.
CAUTION! Measurements under load can only
be performed on the combustion engines with
the electric motor (Starter / Brake) turned on.
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If the switch is turned off, the C engine cannot be

rotated or placed under load. Whether or not the
engine can be rotated or placed under load
depends on the positions of the speed and torque
adjusting knobs.

2.4.1 Air consumption measurements

As all the engines are normally aspirated engines,

the air is drawn into the engine by the movement of
the piston. During this process the air is first fed
1 through an air filter (1) and then flows through a
quietening vessel (2) as shown in Fig. 2.8.
2
A measuring orifice (3) is fitted in this vessel. The
measuring orifice is connected to a differential
3
pressure manometer using hoses. The measured
differential pressure Dp is displayed in Pa or as a
speed in m/s and must be converted to a volumet-
ric flow rate using the known diameter of the mea-
suring orifice. An orifice diameter of 20.6 mm is
Fig. 2.8 Air consumption selected such that, in accordance with the
measurement continuity equation, on a scale from 0 to 28 m/s a
measuring range from 0 to 560 l/min is obtained.

2 Description of the unit 9

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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

2.4.2 Fuel consumption measurements

A measuring tube (1) with a scale in centimetres

(2) is provided for the fuel consumption measure-
ments (Fig. 2.8). Measurement of fuel consump-
1 tion is based on the following relationship:
1 cm = 5.1 cm³
The fuel consumption is measured using a stop-
2 watch. To do this, the tube is filled to the top mark
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

on the scale. During the consumption measure-

ment the time until one of the lower marks in the
scale is reached is measured using the stopwatch.
The exact consumption must then be calculated
taking into account the density of the fuel. Using
the formula:
DV
V& = (2.1)
t
Fig. 2.9 Fuel consumption measuring
tube
where
& B = V& × rKraftstoff
m (2.2)

& B can be determined for

the fuel mass flow rate m
the measured time t .
Filling the tube with fuel
Connect the engine to the fuel supply line and, if
necessary, the return line on the CT 110 .
– Close the fuel drain valve (22).
– Turn on the fuel pump (24) and simulta-
neously open the fuel filling valve (23).
Fuel feed with engine running
– Fuel tube filled
– Valve (22) closed
Topping up the fuel when engine is running
– Press the button (24) to top up using the
pump.

2 Description of the unit 10

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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

– Valve (22) closed

– Valve (23) open depending on filling speed
Draining the tube of fuel
– Open the fuel drain valve (22) and the valve
(23).

2.4.3 Speed measurement

All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

The speed is measured using an inductive

1
proximity switch (1) that is fitted to the coupling on
the braking device (Fig. 2.10). The speed is
indicated on a digital display in revolutions per
minute.

Fig. 2.10 Speed measurement

2.4.4 Torque measurement

The braking device is mounted in floating bearings

and thus facilitates the direct measurement of the
torque. An electronic force sensor (1) measures
the supporting force proportional to the torque.
Electronics are used to calculate the engine
torque using the lever arm at the point at which the
sensor is attached. The values are displayed on a
1 digital scale in Nm.

Fig. 2.11 Torque measurement

2 Description of the unit 11

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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

2.5 Maintenance

Due to its robust, simple construction, the test

stand is almost maintenance free. However, due to
the vibrations that are caused by running the
engines, we recommend that the bolts on the test
stand are checked regularly. The air filter element
must be cleaned at regular intervals (e.g. by blow-
ing out with compressed air from the inside out).
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

Replacement air filters are available from G.U.N.T.

2 Description of the unit 12

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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

2.6 Software

2.6.1 Hardware and software installation

The USB measuring hardware for the LabView TM

application software should be connected and
installed in the following order:
– 1. Insert the software CD in the drive, run
Setup.exe and follow the instructions in the
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

dialog box
– 2. Connect the USB hardware
– 3. Start the software application

2.6.2 Starting the software

After starting the software, the “System diagram”

window appears.
The first time you open the software, a language
selection window also appears. The language can
be changed later using the pull-down menu under
“Language” in the menu bar.
Clicking on “Start” in the menu bar allows you to
choose between the “Measurement diagram”,
“System diagram” and “About GUNT” windows.
The last option in the pull-down menu is “Exit” for
exiting the program.

Note:
The menu options are context sensitive, i.e. not all
options can be selected at all times. Before
recording measured data, you must create a
measurement file.
For detailed instructions on use of the program re-
fer to its Help function. This Help function is ac-
cessed by opening the pull-down menu „?” and
choosing „Help”.

2 Description of the unit 13

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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

Fuel consumption measurement with the PC

For the fuel consumption measurement, the
measuring interval can be selected from a list of
seven times (20 s – 10 min).
The fuel measurements using PC data acquisition
are performed with a pressure sensor on the base
of the measuring tube. In this measurement, the
pressure or weight of the liquid column is
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

measured. This means that the different fuel

densities are not taken into account to determine
the mass.
Before starting a measuring series, the measuring
tube must be filled. The software checks the
measurement for plausibility. If two consecutive
pressure measurements are implausible,
“Measurement error” appears briefly in the con-
sumption window.

Time basis:
The progressive time bar is used for orientation
when recording fuel consumption values. To
achieve correct measurements, you must ensure
that the time basis is run through once without a
change after the last gas and brake change.

Variables such as “Mechanical power”, “Specific

fuel consumption” and “Efficiency” are based on
the measured braking power with the electric mo-
tor.

2 Description of the unit 14

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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

3 Safety instructions

3.1 Health hazards

DANGER
Rotating shafts
eaching into the rotating shafts can cause se-
vere crushing or loss of fingers or the hand
• Fit the cover before
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

starting up
• Do not reach under the cover

WARNING
Hot surfaces
Touching the surface of the motor during and
immediately after operation can cause burns
• Do not touch the motor housing during
and immediately after operation
• Leave the motor to cool down
• Set up warning sign and leave up after
shutting down the motor

WARNING
Risk of explosion / detonation
Naked flames or smoking when handling flam-
mable fuels can cause severe injury
• No naked flames
• Smoking prohibited
• Set up warning sign

3 Safety instructions 15
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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

WARNING
Reaching into the open control cabinet can re-
sult in electric shocks
• Disconnect from the mains supply before
opening
• Work should only be performed by quali-
fied electricians
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

WARNING
Burns and crushing can occur when replacing
the motors
• Switch off the unit
• Disconnect from the mains
• Fit the cover before
starting up

WARNING
Risk of eye injury
When handling fuel, fuel spray can get into the
eyes
• Wear protective goggles
If fuel does get into the eyes:
• Rinse eyes thoroughly straight away
• Seek immediate medical attention

WARNING
Motor noise during operation can damage
hearing
• Wear appropriate ear protection

3 Safety instructions 16
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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

3.2 Notes

NOTE
Avoid fuel leaks
• Wipe up spilt fuel immediately or absorb with
a suitable medium
• Check regularly for leaks
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

NOTE
Specific fuel consumption
• At idle speed, the specific fuel consumption
is very high.

NOTE
Negative torque
• At Engine speeds greater than 3000 rpm, a
negative torque can be displayed, because
the speed controller limits the speed of the
combustion engine and the combustion en-
gine is driven by the Asynchronous motor.

3 Safety instructions 17
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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

4 Appendix

4.1 Software formulae

Braking power PB in kW:

In software CT 110 called: Pmech
1 1
PB = 2 × p × M B × n × ×
60 1000
with
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

MB: Braking torque in Nm

1
n: Engine speed in
min

kg
Fuel consumption B& in :
h
In software CT 110 called: cons.
Dm
B& = × 3.6
Dt
with
Dm in g
Dt in s

g
Specific fuel consumption be in :
kWh
In software CT 110 called: spec.cons.
B& × 1000
be =
PB
with
kg
B& in
h
PB in kW

4 Appendix 18
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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

Efficiency he in %:
In software CT 110 called: efficiency
P × 3600
he = B × 100
B& ×H u

kJ
Thermal power Hu in :
kg
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

In software CT 110 called: therm.power

kJ
Hu =43500 (regular petrol)
kg
kJ
Hu =43000 (diesel fuel)
kg
kJ
Hu =43500 (mixture 1:50)
kg

& m3
Volume flow intake air VL in :
min
In software CT 110 called: dV/dt air

Calculation: ****************************

Air mass flow m & L in kg :

h
& L = V&L × r × T0 p
m × L × 60
273.15 + J L p 0
with
kg
r : Atmospheric density at To in (=1.275 kg/m³)
m3
To : Reference temperature in Kelvin 273.15 K
J L : Temperature intake air in °C
pL : Atmospheric pressure in mbar
po: Reference pressure in mbar
******************************************************

4 Appendix 19
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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

Volumetric efficiency l L in % :
In software CT 110 called: eta
V&L × 1000 m r ×V
lL = = z = z h
&
VHub × n × 0.5 mth r air ×Vh
V&Hub : 1.4 ltr. diesel engine;
1.9 ltr. otto engine
1
n: Speed in
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

min
0.5: Factor - four-cycle engine
mz : Actual intake mass air flow
mth : Theoretical air mass, which could be
maximally in the cylinder, if the whole
cylinder-volume was filled with fresh
air.
r a : Air density at the pressure and
temperature of the surrounding air.
r z : Density of the fresh air charge in the
cylinder.

Air ratio l:
In software CT 110 called: lambda
m&L L
l= =
B& × Lmin
L min

with
L: Real intake air
Lmin: Required Air,
Minimum required intake air
for fuel combustion
Specification e.g. in kg air per kg fuel
Lmin= 14.8 (regular petrol)
Lmin= 14.5 (diesel fuel)
Lmin= 14.8 (mixture 1:50)

4 Appendix 20
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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

4.2 Technical Data

Power Supply 400 V, 3~50 Hz

Optional alternatives, see rating plate
Dimensions LxWxH: 1480 x 850 x 1880 mm
Weight: approx. 245 kg

Asynchronous Motor
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

Max. Output Power: 7.5 kW

Nominal Speed: 2900 rpm

Frequency Converter
Output Power: 7.5 kW
Power Return Unit
Output Power: 13.0 kW

Fuel Pump: 12 V
Qmax: 130 L/h

Measuring Ranges
Speed Measurement: 0...9999 rpm
Torque Measurement: 0...50 Nm
Air Consumption Measurement: 0...560 l/min
Engine Intake Pressure Measurement: 0..-1 bar
Ambient Temperature Measurement:
0...100 °C
Fuel Temperature Measurement:
0...100 °C
Cooling Water Temperature Measurement:
0...100 °C
Exhaust Gas Temperature Measurement:
0...1000 °C
Fuel Measuring Tube

4 Appendix 21
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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

Measuring Tube Inside Ø : 24 mm

Bypass Inside Ø : 9 mm
Density of Fuel:

Fuel Density in kg/m³

regular petrol 745
diesel fuel 830
2-stroke mixture 1:50 750
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

4 Appendix 22
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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

4.3 Index

A
Air combustion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Air consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Air consumption measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Air filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Air hose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Asynchronous Motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Asynchronous motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

B
Base plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
D
Drain valve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
E
EMERGENCY STOP button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Exhaust pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
F
Filling valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Force sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Fuel consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Fuel consumption measurement on PC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Fuel consumption measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Fuel feed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Fuel line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Fuel measuring tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Fuel pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
I
Ignition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Intake vacuum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
M
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Master switch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
O
Operating hours counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
P
Petrol Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Power Supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Q
Quietening vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

4 Appendix 23
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CT 110 TEST STAND FOR SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINES, 7,5KW

S
Setting up the test stand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Sockets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Speed display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Speed measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
T
Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Test stand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Time basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Torque display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
All Rights Reserved G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Barsbüttel, Germany 04/2014

Torque measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Transport protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
V
Vacuum measuring hose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Vibration attenuator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Vibration attenuators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

4 Appendix 24