Name: Class: 7

Name of the Teacher: Subject: Science

Topic: Light

Question 1:

The image formed by a plane mirror is

(a) on the surface of the mirror

(b) just in front of the morror
(c) just behind the mirror
(d) as much behind the mirror as the objcet is in front of the mirror
ANSWER:

(d) as much behind the mirror as the object is in front of the mirror

Question 2:

Which of the following images is real?

(a) image formed by a plane mirror

(b) image formed by a convex mirror
(c) image formed by a concave mirror with object between the mirror and focus
(d) image formed by a concave mirror with object behind the focus
ANSWER:

(d) image formed by a concave mirror with object behind the focus

Question 3:

A sherical mirror with its reflecting surface on the outside is a

(a) plane mirror

(b) concave mirror
(c) convex mirror
(d) either concave or convex depending on which way you look at it.
ANSWER:

(c) convex mirror

Question 4:

A virtual image formed by a plane or a spherical mirror

(a) is always inverted

(b) is always erect
(c) is erect or inverted depending on the distance of the object from the mirror
ANSWER:

(b) is always erect

A virtual image formed by a spherical mirror or a plane mirror is always erect.

Question 5:

If a concave mirror forms a real magnified image of an object, the object is located

(a) between pole and focus

(b) between focus and centre of curvature
(c) beyond centre of curvature
(d) at centre of curvature
ANSWER:

(b) between focus and centre of curvature

Image is both magnified and real if the object is placed between the centre of curvature
and the pole.

Question 1:

What do you mean by 'angle of incidence' of a ray of light on a plane mirror?

ANSWER:

Angle of incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the normal to the plane
mirror at the point of incidence.

In the figure, MN is the plane mirror, AO is the incident ray, O is the point of incidence, O
X is the normal and ∠AOX is theangle of incidence.In the figure, MN is the plane mirror,
AO is the incident ray, O is the point of incidence, OX is the normal and ∠AOX is theangle
of incidence.
Question 2:

What is the relationship between angle of incidence and angle of reflection in a plane
mirror?
ANSWER:
Angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

Question 6:

At what position of the object does a convex lens act as a magnifying glass?

(a) between F and 2F

(b) between F and O
(c) beyond F
(d) beyond 2F
ANSWER:

(b) between F and O

Question 7:

Which of the following images can a convex lens NOT produce?

(a) real, magnified

(b) virtual, magnified
(c) erect, virtual
(d) erect, diminished
ANSWER:

(d) erect, diminished

Question 8:

Band of which of these colours is not seen in a spectrum?

(a) green
(b) yellow
(c) purple
(d) red
ANSWER:

(c) purple

Question 9:

Which of the following is true for a convex mirror?

(a) It can only form virtual images.

(b) It can only form real images.
(c) It can form real or virtual images depending on the distance of the object from the
mirror.
(d) It can form real or virtual images depending on the size of the object.
ANSWER:
(a) It can only form virtual images.

Question 10:

Which of the following cannot split light into its seven colours?

(a) diamond cut in a special way

(b) prism
(c) convex lens
(d) water droplets suspended in the air
ANSWER:

(c) convex lens

Question 1:

If you raise your right hand, your image in a plane mirror also raises its right hand. True
of false?
ANSWER:

False. Images formed in plane mirrors are laterally inverted. Hence, if we raise our right
hand, the image will appear to raise its left hand in the mirror.
Question 2:

The image formed by a plane mirror can be obtained on a screen. True of false?
ANSWER:

False. The image formed by a plane mirror is virtual and erect in nature and virtual
images cannot be obtained on a screen.
Question 3:

The image formed by a plane mirror is as much __________ the mirror as the object is in
front of it.
ANSWER:

The image formed by a plane mirror is as much behind the mirror as the object is in
front of it.

This is because object distance is equal to image distance in a plane mirror.

Question 4:

Through which point of all rays parallel to the principal axis of a spherical mirror pass
after reflection by the mirror?
ANSWER:

All rays parallel to the principal axis of a spherical mirror pass through the focus after
reflection by the mirror.
Question 5:

Which of these mirrors converges a parallel beam of light-plane, concave or convex?

ANSWER:

A concave mirror converges a parallel beam of light-plane.

Question 6:

A real image formed by a mirror is always inverted. True of false?

ANSWER:

True.

Question 7:

What kind of spherical mirror would you use if you want to see the magnified image of
your face in the mirror?
ANSWER:

We will need a concave mirror to get the magnified image of our face in the mirror.
Question 8:

A convex lens _________ (converges/diverges/dos not affect) a parallel beam of light

incident on it.
ANSWER:

A convex lens converges a parallel beam of light incident on it.

Question 9:

Which of these has smaller focal length-a thick lens or a thin lens?
ANSWER:

Focal length of a thick lens is smaller than that of a thin lens.

Question 10:

If the distance of an object from a convex lens is equal to twice the focal length of the
lens, where is the image formed?
ANSWER:

Image will be formed at twice the focal length of the lens on the opposite side.

Question 11:

A diverging lens forms a real image of an object placed beyond F, and a virtual image of
an object placed between O and F. True of false?
ANSWER:
False.

Question 12:

Name the triangular piece of glass that splits white light into different colours.
ANSWER:

The name of the triangular piece of glass that splits white light into different colours is
prism.
Question 3:

What is a real image?

ANSWER:

An image that can be projected on a screen is called a real image. It is formed by the
actual meeting of the rays of light from the object. Image formed by a cinema projector
on the screen is an example of real image.
Question 4:

What do you mean by lateral inversion?

ANSWER:

In the image formed by a plane mirror, there is an interchange of the left and the right
side. In other words, the left side of the object appears to be the right side of the image
and vice versa. This property is known as the lateral inversion.
Question 5:

A convex rear view mirror is preferred over a plane mirror in a car. Why?
ANSWER:

Convex mirrors are used as rear view mirror in cars because they form small images of
the objects. This helps us to have a wide field of view of the objects behind the car which
is not possible with plane mirror.
Question 6:

A convex lens is said to have a real focus and a concave lens a virtual focus. Why?
ANSWER:

In a convex lens, the parallel rays of light passing through the lens actually meet at the
focus in front of the lens. This is why it is called real focus. But in a concave lens, the rays
of light passing through the lens diverge and when these diverging rays are produced
backward, they appear to meet at a point behind the lens. This point is the focus of the
lens. Because the light rays do not actually meet at the focus, it is called virtual or
imaginary focus.

Question 7:
What is a 'spectrum'?
ANSWER:

Ordinary white light is made of seven colours, namely violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow,
orange and red. The pattern formed by these colors is called spectrum.
Question 8:

What does a convex lens form a virtual image? Is the virtual image bigger of smaller
than the object?
ANSWER:

A convex lens forms a virtual image when the object is placed between the optical centre
and the focus of the lens.
The virtual image formed by a convex lens is bigger than the object.
Question 1:

Draw a labelled diagram of an experiment to show rectilinear propagation of light.

ANSWER:

Let us take three rectangular pieces of cardboard A, B, and C and make holes in them at
the same horizontal level. With the help of a wooden stand as shown in the diagram, we
make them stand parallel to each other with holes in the same straight line. We place a
source of light, for example, a candle at the other side of cardboard C and adjust the
cardboard pieces such that the light is visible through the hole at A. Now, we move the
cardboard B in such a way that the hole no more stays in the same straight line with A
and C.
We will find that when the hole on B is moved away from the straight line, the light will
not be visible from A’s end. This proves that light moves in a straight line.
Question 2:

What are the characteristics of the image formed by a plane mirror?

ANSWER:

Following are the characteristics of the image formed by a plane mirror:

i) Images are virtual and erect
ii) Images are laterally inverted

iii) Images are of the same size of the object.

iv) The image appears to be as much as behind the mirror as the object in front of it.
Question 3:
State three uses of concave mirrors.
ANSWER:

Following are the uses of a concave mirror:

1) Use in trapping solar energy: Since concave mirror can gather light and heat and
direct the rays to focus, the focus becomes very hot. This property of the concave lens
can be used to collect sun’s heat and this heat can be converted to electricity.
2) Use as shaving mirror: Since concave mirrors can produce magnified images of the
object when object is placed between pole and focus, this property can be used for
making shaving mirrors to prevent cuts and have a better view while shaving.
3) Use in reflecting telescopes: Telescopes are used to study distant stars.
Telescopes uses concave mirror to gather light from distant stars, galaxies, etc, and
produce magnified images that help astronomers and scientists to study the structure of
the universe.
4) Use as dentist’s mirror: Dentists use small hand held concave mirror to produce a
magnified image of the teeth and gum.
5) Use in reflectors: When a source of light is placed at the focus of a concave mirror,
the rays become parallel after getting reflected from the mirror and this allows a
powerful beam of light to be focused to a long distance. So, concave mirrors are used as
reflectors in headlights of cars, torches etc.
Question 4:

Explain the difference between real and virtual images.

ANSWER:

Following are the differences between real and virtual images:

Real Image Virtual Image

i) Real images are formed when rays i) Virtual images are formed when
of light actually meet each other at a rays of light appear to be coming from
point. the image which does not actually
exist.
ii) Real images being actual ii) Virtual images being non-existent
intersection of rays can be projected cannot be projected on a screen.
on a screen.
iii) Real images are inverted. iii)Virtual images are erect.
Question 5:

State the position and nature of the image formed by a concave mirror for the following
positions of the object:

(a) between O and F

(b) between F and C
(c) beyond C
ANSWER:

(a) Between O and F: Position of the image is behind the mirror; nature of the image is
virtual, erect and highly magnified.
(b) Between F and C: Position of the image is beyond C; nature of the image is real,
inverted and magnified.

(c) Beyond C: Position of the image is between C and F; nature of the image is real,
inverted and diminished.
Question 6:

State the position and nature of the image formed by a convex lens for the following
positions of the object:
(a) between O and F
(b) between F and 2F
(c) at 2F
ANSWER:

(a) between O and F: Position of the image is on the same side as the object; nature of
the image is virtual, erect and highly magnified.

(b) between F and 2F: Position of the image is beyond 2F; nature of the image is real,
inverted and magnified.

(c) at 2F: Position of the image is at 2F on the opposite side of the object; nature of the
image is real, inverted and of the same size as the object.

(d) beyond 2F: Position of the image is between F and 2F on the opposite side of the
object. The nature of the image is real, inverted and diminished.
Question 7:

Explain the following with the help of a ray diagram, in relation to the two main types of
spherical lenses:

(a) principal focus

(b) focal length
ANSWER:

Spherical lenses are mainly of two types: convex lens and concave lens.

(a) Principal focus:

Convex lens: In a convex lens, the parallel rays of light passing through the lens actually
meet at a point in front of the lens known as focus. In the following figure, F is the focus.

Concave lens: In a concave lens, the rays of light passing through the lens diverge and
when these diverging rays are produced backward, they appear to meet at a point
behind the lens. The point is called the focus of concave lens. In the following figure, F is
the focus.

(b) Focal length

Convex lens:
Focal length of a convex lens is the distance between the focus F and the optical centre
O. In the figure, OF is the focal length. The focal length is on the right side in a convex
lens.
Concave lens:
Focal length of a concave lens is the distance between the focus F and the optical centre
O. In the figure, FO is the focal length. The focal length is on the left side in a convex lens.
Question 8:

Explain the set-up used by Newton to obtain a spectrum.

ANSWER:

Sir Isaac Newton showed that when a thin ray of light passed through a triangular piece
of glass known as prism, the light split into seven colors called spectrum. He allowed a
thin beam of light to fall on a prism kept in a dark room. After passing through the
prism, the light split into seven different colors, namely violet, indigo, blue, green,
yellow, orange and red, collectively known as spectrum.

HOTS questions
Question 1:

What will be the difference in the size of the image (of the same object) formed by a
small and a large plane mirror?
ANSWER:

There will be no difference in the size of the image. This is because in a plane mirror,
size of the image is equal to the size of the object. Since the size of the image does not
depend upon the size of the mirror, the image size will remain the same whether it is
formed by a small or a large mirror.
Question 2:

Identify three letters of the English alphabet or of your mother tongue whose mirror
images are exactly the same as the letters.
ANSWER:
Three letters of the English alphabet whose mirror images are exactly the same as the
letters are A, O and I.

Question 3:

Car rear view mirrors carry a warning message that 'objects in the rear view mirror are
closer than they appeer'. Why do you think this is so?
ANSWER:

Car rear view mirrors are convex mirrors. In a convex mirror, the image of an object
appears small, therefore, our brain recognises the size of the image and tries to calculate
the distance of the actual object on this basis. As we know, objects far away appear
smaller, therefore, when we see smaller images of the objects in the mirror, our brain
thinks that the objects are far away than they actually are. In other words, 'objects in the
rear view mirror are closer than they appear'.
Question 4:

A concave mirror is said to have a real focus whereas a convex mirror is said to have a
virtual foucs. apply the same logic to concave and convex lenses and say which of them
has a real focus and which has a virtual focus.
ANSWER:

The logic behind the first case is not applicable in the second case. This is because in the
first case, the mirror works on the principle of reflection of light, whereas in the second
case, the lens works on the principle of bending of light.

The correct logic is that converging systems have a real focus while diverging systems
have a virtual focus.

A concave mirror and convex lens acts as a converging instrument. Therefore, it has a
real focus. On the other hand, a convex mirror and concave lens acts as a diverging
instrument. Therefore, it has a virtual focus.

Question 5:

Two different materials-glass and diamond-are used to make convex lenses of the same
thickness. We know that diamond can bend light more than glass. Which lens will have a
greater focal length?
ANSWER:

The glass lens will have a greater focal length than the diamond lens.
Diamond being able to bend light rays more, a lens made of diamond will make rays of
light passing through it, meet at a point nearer than a lens made of glass. Thus, focal
length of a diamond lens will be smaller than that of a glass lens.
Question 6:

In which mirror are all normals at the surface parallel to each other-plane or spherical?
ANSWER:

Normals at the surface are parallel to each other in plane mirrors.

This is because perpendiculars on the same plane are parallel.
Question 7:

How many images do you think will be formed if an object is kept between two plane
mirrors parallel to each other?
ANSWER:

Infinite number of images will be formed if an object is kept between two plane mirrors
parallel to each other.
This happens because rays of light from the object will fall infinite number of times on
the mirror by getting reflected from the two mirrors and each time it is reflected back,
images are formed. Thus, infinite number of images of the object is formed.