LABORATORY REPORT

IN
CE 371 - CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND TESTING

Presented By:
GALIGAO, RONAJANE T.
MALAZA, IAN VERYL G.
MARMITO, JOHNSNER T.
BSCE-3B

Presented To:
ENGR.VIRNE P. PORTUGUES
Instructor
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………….

 OBJECTIVES…………………………………………………………….

 FINDINGS…………………………………………………………..........

➢ EQUIPMENT AND DESCRIPTION…………………………………

 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION…………………………

 DOCUMENTATION…………………………………………………….

 APPENDICES………………………………………………………........
 INTRODUCTION

Laboratory testing plays a fundamental role in civil engineering, serving as a critical tool for
assessing the properties and performance of construction materials such as soil, aggregates, and
concrete. These laboratories not only enable material testing but also provide dynamic learning
environments where students engage in hands-on research across diverse engineering fields, including
hydraulics, geotechnics, and structural analysis. Through the use of specialized equipment, students gain
practical experience that bridges theoretical knowledge with real-world applications, enhancing their
problem-solving skills and deepening their understanding of core engineering concepts.

In addition to technical expertise, students develop critical thinking, creativity and essential skills
for thriving in the field of civil engineering. Active participation in laboratory testing also fosters a
thorough understanding of safety standards, ethical practices, and the importance of maintaining data
accuracy, all of which are essential to the engineering profession. The inspection process is key to
ensuring the precision, reliability, and validity of laboratory test results. It involves verifying accuracy,
monitoring compliance with quality standards, and ensuring proper calibration and maintenance of
equipment. By emphasizing these aspects, inspections strengthen the integrity of testing procedures,
thereby guaranteeing that engineering projects rely on dependable and accurate data. Research outcomes
from these tests offer valuable insights into the interplay between material composition, performance,
and testing conditions, paving the way for improved material selection and the advancement of
infrastructure design, construction, and maintenance.

Furthermore, inspections help prolong the lifespan and efficiency of laboratory equipment by
ensuring tools and machinery remain in optimal condition. This not only enhances the accuracy of test
results but also promotes smooth laboratory operations, minimizing costly errors or delays in
construction processes. By maintaining rigorous inspection standards, laboratories contribute to the
development of durable, reliable, and sustainable materials, ensuring the success of infrastructure
projects. Ultimately, both laboratory testing and its inspection are indispensable for maintaining the
quality, safety, and sustainability of construction materials, supporting the long-term reliability and
success of engineering endeavors.

OBJECTIVES

 Evaluate Material Properties

 Enhance Student Learning
 Develop Key Competencies
 Promote Safety and Ethics
 Ensure Testing Reliability
 Improve Infrastructure Design
 Maintain Equipment Efficiency
 Support Sustainability
 FINDINGS

CE LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS

Asphalt Stability Test Set

An Asphalt Stability Test Set is a collection of tools and equipment

used to evaluate the stability of asphalt mixtures, primarily to
determine their resistance to deformation or flow under specific
conditions. This test is crucial for assessing the quality and
performance of asphalt in road construction, ensuring that it can
withstand traffic loads and environmental factors without losing its
shape or functionality.

Binder

In the context of asphalt and concrete, a binder is the material,

usually bitumen or cement that holds aggregate particles together to
form a cohesive mix.

Air/Water Bladder Pressure System Cell Pressure

A pressurized system that uses air or water bladders to simulate

specific pressure conditions in laboratory tests, often used in triaxial
testing.
Triaxial Load Frame

A machine designed to apply controlled axial and lateral stresses on

soil or rock samples to measure strength, deformation, and other
properties under simulated stress conditions.

Constant Head Permeability Cel

A laboratory apparatus used to measure the permeability (hydraulic

conductivity) of soils under a constant hydraulic head.

CBR Tester

Equipment used to determine the load-bearing capacity of soil

subgrades and base courses in road construction.
Unconfined Compression Machine

A device used to test the unconfined compressive strength of

cohesive soil samples, providing a quick estimation of soil strength.

Universal Testing Machine

A versatile machine that can perform tension, compression,

bending, and shear tests on various materials like metals, plastics,
and composites.
Los Angeles Abrasion Machine

An apparatus used to measure the abrasion resistance of aggregates

by simulating wear and tear due to traffic loads.

Marshall Stability Compression Machine

A machine used to evaluate the stability and flow characteristics of

asphalt mixtures under a specific load and temperature.

Consolidation Apparatus

An instrument used to study the settlement behavior of soil samples

under incremental loading to determine compressibility and rate of
settlement.

FME 00/B - Basic Hydraulic Feed Systems

A unit designed to demonstrate and study the principles of hydraulic

systems, including fluid flow and pressure generation.

EGAC - Computer Controlled Water Hammer Unit

A specialized system for studying water hammer phenomena,

including pressure surges caused by the sudden stopping or starting
of fluid flow.
CF80/2 - Flow Channel

A laboratory flume used to study fluid flow, sediment transport, and

open-channel hydraulics under controlled conditions.

AMT/P - Mesh Pipe Unit / Pipe Network Unit with Hydraulic

Bench

A system used to investigate fluid flow in pipe networks, including

pressure drops, flow distribution, and network efficiency.

BHI - Hydrostatic Bench & Fluid Properties

A bench used for experiments involving fluid statics, including

buoyancy, pressure distribution, and properties of fluids like density
and viscosity.

Soaking Tank
A tank used to immerse specimens in water or other fluids to test
their behavior under soaking conditions, often in concrete or soil
testing.

FME 00 - Hydraulics Bench

A comprehensive unit for conducting various fluid mechanics

experiments, such as flow measurement, loss in pipes, and
Bernoulli's principle.

Compressor

A machine that increases the pressure of air or gas by reducing its

volume, commonly used in pneumatic systems and testing.
FME13 - Centrifugal Pump Characteristics

A unit designed to study the operating characteristics of centrifugal

pumps, including flow rate, head, and efficiency under varying
conditions.

PDFP - Drainage and Seapage Tank

A tank used to simulate drainage and seabed behavior under

controlled conditions for research and educational purposes.

H1D - Volumetric Bench

A unit designed to measure volumetric flow rates and study related

fluid mechanics principles.

Orifice and Free Jet Flow

An apparatus used to study the behavior of fluid as it flows through

orifices and emerges as free jets, examining velocity and trajectory.

Orifice Discharge

An experimental setup to determine the discharge coefficient and

flow characteristics of fluids passing through an orifice.

FME 03 - Bernoulli's Theorem

A system used to demonstrate Bernoulli's theorem, exploring the

relationship between pressure, velocity, and height in fluid flow.
Laboratory Oven

An oven used in labs to dry or heat materials at controlled

temperatures for testing or preparation.

Circulating Water Bath

A laboratory apparatus that maintains water at a constant

temperature using a heating or cooling system with continuous
circulation. It is commonly used for incubations, reactions, or
material conditioning requiring precise temperature control.

Test Sieves

Test sieves are precision-engineered tools used in laboratories and

industries to classify, separate, and analyze particles of various
sizes. They consist of a woven wire mesh or perforated sheet,
typically made of stainless steel, stretched across a metal or plastic
frame. These sieves are a crucial part of particle size analysis,
enabling the separation of materials into fractions based on particle
size.
 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Laboratory testing serves as a cornerstone of civil engineering, enabling the evaluation of

construction materials such as soil, aggregates, and concrete. Beyond its technical significance,
laboratory testing creates opportunities for hands-on learning, bridging theoretical concepts with
practical applications in areas like hydraulics, geotechnics, and structural analysis. This immersive
experience enhances students' problem-solving skills, critical thinking, and creativity while instilling the
importance of safety, ethical practices, and data accuracy is essential competencies for engineering
professionals.

Additionally, rigorous inspection processes ensure the accuracy, reliability, and validity of test
results by emphasizing proper equipment calibration, adherence to quality standards, and precision in
testing protocols. These efforts not only improve the efficiency and effectiveness of laboratory
operations but also ensure the development of durable, sustainable materials critical for the long-term
success of infrastructure projects. Laboratory testing and its inspection play a pivotal role in upholding
the quality, safety, and sustainability of civil engineering projects.

To enhance the effectiveness of laboratory testing and inspection in civil engineering, it is

recommended to invest in advanced testing equipment and technologies to improve precision, reliability,
and efficiency. Comprehensive inspection protocols should be developed to ensure consistent quality
assurance and proper equipment maintenance. Student engagement in laboratory activities should be
prioritized to provide hands-on experience and foster critical engineering competencies, alongside
integrating safety and ethical practices as core components of training. Collaboration between academia
and industry should be encouraged to support research exploring material properties, performance, and
testing conditions, with a focus on developing sustainable and environmentally friendly materials and
practices.

Moreover, periodic upgrades of laboratory equipment should be conducted to maintain optimal

functionality, while a system for continuous monitoring and feedback should be implemented to ensure
ongoing improvement and alignment with evolving engineering demands. These steps will ensure that
laboratory testing and inspection processes remain reliable, efficient, and conducive to advancing civil
engineering practices.
DOCUMENTATION
 Appendix 1: References

 Construction Materials Testing Equipment | Humboldt

 Jumikis, A. R. (1984). Soil Mechanics. D. Van Nostrand Company.

 Triaxial Test (n.d.). The International Information for Geotechnical Engineers.

Chttps://www.geoengineer.org/education/laboratory-testing/triaxial-test

 ASTM International. (2020). Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Hydraulic
Conductivity of Soils (ASTM D2434).

 Cedergren, H. R. (1997). Seepage, Drainage, and Flow Nets (3rd ed.). Wiley-Interscience.

 Manning, K. (2019, May 24). Guide: Use of vacuum pumps in a laboratory. Provac.
 Unconfined compression apparatus, motorized (n.d.). NL Scientific.

 Mays, L. W. (2005). Water Resources Engineering. John Wiley & Sons.

 Hydraulic bench apparatus (n.d.). Shambhavi Impex.
https://www.shambhaviimpex.com/hydraulic-benchapparatus.html
 Testbook. (2023, November 20). Air compressors: Know its working, types, applications &
more.
 White, F. M. (2016). Fluid Mechanics (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.