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Class12_Math_Formula_Sheet

This document is a formula sheet for Class 12 CBSE Mathematics covering key concepts in Relations and Functions, Inverse Trigonometric Functions, Matrices, Determinants, Continuity and Differentiability, and Applications of Derivatives. It includes definitions, properties, and important identities related to each topic. The content serves as a quick reference for students preparing for their exams.

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mayanksinghrajput1950
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3 views

Class12_Math_Formula_Sheet

This document is a formula sheet for Class 12 CBSE Mathematics covering key concepts in Relations and Functions, Inverse Trigonometric Functions, Matrices, Determinants, Continuity and Differentiability, and Applications of Derivatives. It includes definitions, properties, and important identities related to each topic. The content serves as a quick reference for students preparing for their exams.

Uploaded by

mayanksinghrajput1950
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Class 12 CBSE Mathematics Formula Sheet

1. Relations and Functions

- Composition of Functions: If f: A -> B and g: B -> C, then the composition g o f: A -> C is defined

by (g o f)(x) = g(f(x)).

- Invertible Function: A function f is invertible if there exists a function f^(-1) such that f(f^(-1)(x)) = x

and f^(-1)(f(x)) = x.

2. Inverse Trigonometric Functions

- Principal Value Branches:

sin^(-1)(x) is defined for x in [-1, 1] with range [-pi/2, pi/2].

cos^(-1)(x) is defined for x in [-1, 1] with range [0, pi].

tan^(-1)(x) is defined for all x with range (-pi/2, pi/2).

- Key Identities:

sin(sin^(-1)(x)) = x for x in [-1, 1].

cos(cos^(-1)(x)) = x for x in [-1, 1].

tan(tan^(-1)(x)) = x for all x.

3. Matrices

- Addition: If A = [a_ij] and B = [b_ij], then A + B = [a_ij + b_ij].

- Multiplication: If A is m x n and B is n x p, then AB is m x p with elements c_ij = sum(a_ik * b_kj).

- Determinant of 2x2 Matrix: det(A) = ad - bc for A = [[a, b], [c, d]].

4. Determinants

- Properties:

Interchanging two rows or columns changes the sign of the determinant.


If two rows/columns are identical, the determinant is zero.

Multiplying a row/column by scalar k multiplies the determinant by k.

- Adjoint and Inverse:

adj(A) is the transpose of the cofactor matrix.

A^(-1) = (1/det(A)) x adj(A) if A is invertible.

5. Continuity and Differentiability

- Continuity: f(x) is continuous at x = c if limit as x approaches c of f(x) = f(c).

- Derivative: f'(x) = limit as h approaches 0 of [f(x+h) - f(x)] / h.

- Derivatives of Standard Functions:

d/dx (x^n) = n * x^(n-1).

d/dx (sin x) = cos x.

d/dx (cos x) = -sin x.

d/dx (e^x) = e^x.

d/dx (ln x) = 1/x.

6. Applications of Derivatives

- Tangent and Normal:

Slope of tangent at x = c is f'(c).

Equation of tangent: y - f(c) = f'(c)(x - c).

Slope of normal is -1/f'(c).

Equation of normal: y - f(c) = -1/f'(c)(x - c).

- Maxima and Minima:

If f'(x) = 0 and f''(x) < 0, f(x) has a local max.

If f'(x) = 0 and f''(x) > 0, f(x) has a local min.

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