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Deflection-and-Slope-in-Simply-Supported-Beams-_-Beam-Deflection-Table-Formula

The document provides an overview of simply supported beams, focusing on their deflection and slope under various load cases. It explains the methods to calculate these parameters, particularly using the double integration method, and includes formulas for different loading scenarios. Additionally, it offers a step-by-step example to illustrate the calculation process and a downloadable deflection formula table for reference.

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9 views

Deflection-and-Slope-in-Simply-Supported-Beams-_-Beam-Deflection-Table-Formula

The document provides an overview of simply supported beams, focusing on their deflection and slope under various load cases. It explains the methods to calculate these parameters, particularly using the double integration method, and includes formulas for different loading scenarios. Additionally, it offers a step-by-step example to illustrate the calculation process and a downloadable deflection formula table for reference.

Uploaded by

long trịnh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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APSEd

Deflection and Slope in Simply Supported Beams | Beam


Deflection Table, Formula
Updated: Jan 21, 2021

A simply supported beam rests on two supports(one end pinned and one end on roller support) and is free to move
horizontally. The deflection and slope of any beam(not particularly a simply supported one) primary depend on the load case it
is subjected upon. If the load case varies, its deflection, slope, shear force and bending moment get changed.

This article will help you find the deflection and slope developed at any point of a simply supported beam, subjected to any
load.

What is a Simply Supported Beam?

The simply supported beam is one of the most modest structures. The configuration of a simply supported beam is so simple
having one hinge support at an end and roller support at the other end. With this setup the beam can only rotate horizontally,
any vertical moment is restained.
Simply supported deck slab

This roller support also helps the beam expand or contract axially, although the free horizontal movement is prevented by the
other support.

This is a determinant structure, which means that if an internal hinge is inserted or any of these supports(pin or roller) is
removed, the beam can not carry the load anymore. In this case, the beam will freely move under loading.
Deflection in simply supported beam

Finding Deflection and Slope

There are multiple methods like double integration method, Macaulay's method, Conjugate beam method, Castigliano's
theorem, Principle of superposition which help us find the deflection and slope of a beam.

Here we will use the double integration method, which is a simple, effective and straight forward method, that can be used to
solve any type of question.

From the Euler-Bernoulli bending theory, at a point along a beam, we have:


1/R = M/EI

Where: R is the radius of curvature of the point


M is the bending moment at that point
EI is the flexural rigidity of the member, E is Young's modulus of the beam material, I is the second moment of
area.
We also have dx = R dθ and so 1/R = dθ/dx. Again for small displacements, θ ≃ tan θ ≃ dy/dx and so:

1 / R = d²y / dx² = M / EI
The formula used to find slope and deflection of the beam

The bending moment at any point of the beam section can be found using the double integration formula, that is given below.

M is the Bending Moment at a particular section, which is a function of x

EI is the flexural rigidity of the member

y represents the vertical deflection of the beam and x is the lateral direction.

dy/dx represents the slope of the beam at that particular point.

Using this relation, upon integrating, the function for dy/dx(slope) can be found. Then, putting the appropriate value of x we
can find the slope.

Upon integrating again and putting the value of x, the deflection(y) can be determined.

Seems confusing? Let’s work out an example, you can be an expert then.

Example

Find the maximum deflection and slope at both the ends of the beam as shown.

Eccentric load case

Our initial step would be drawing a rough deflection diagram.


Deflected shape of beam

Here in the deflection diagram θA and θB are the slope at point A and B respectively due to the load P. The midpoint
deflection is δc and the maximum deflection due to point load P is δmax.

Step 1: Finding the reactions at support(s)

We can use the horizontal equilibrium (ΣH = 0), vertical equilibrium (ΣV = 0) and moment equation (ΣMx = 0) for the reaction
calculation.
The reaction at A is Pb/L and B is Pa/L.

Step 2: Writing bending moment pattern at different sections of the beam

In this case, the bending moment from L = 0 to L = a follows one pattern and the bending moment from L = a to L = a + b
follows another pattern.

Step 3: Putting the bending moment value in double integration formula


Now putting the double integration formula and then integrating twice.
Step 4: Solving the integration constants using boundary conditions

In this step we will apply the boundary conditions (at x = 0, y = 0 and at x = L, y = 0).

Step 5: Find deflection at any point


Now we can find deflection at any point(x) on the beam using the final equation given in step 4.
If we are interested in finding the deflection at half of the span, then putting x = 0.5 L,

Step 6: Finding maximum deflection


The maximum deflection will not result at the centre. At the point of maximum deflection, the slop should be zero. Equating
the slope to zero, we can find the value of x.

Step 7: Finding slope


To find the rotation or slope, the equation of dy/dx(Refer step 3 for the equation) should be written again. Now putting the
value of x (depending on the point where the slope is to be found) the slope value can be determined.

In this case, to find the slope of point A, x = 0 and for the slope of point B, x = L.
Beam Deflection and Slope
Formula
It is always advised to remember some of the slope and deflection formula for some standard load cases. This will save you
from a lot more calculation, so confusion in examinations.

Simply supported beam with a concentric load P

Maximum moment, M = PL/4

Deflection at midspan= Maximum deflection = PL^3/48EI

Slope at both ends = maximum slope = PL^2/16EI

Simply supported beam with an eccentric load P, distance 'a' from left support and 'b'
from the right support

Maximum moment, M = Pab/L

Maximum deflection = Pb(L^2 - b^2)^1.5 / 9√3LEI at x=sqrt((L^2 - b^2)/3)

Slope at left support = -Fab(L+b)/6LEI

Slope at right support = Fab(L+a)/6LEI

Simply supported beam with a udl ‘w’ on the entire span

Maximum moment, M = wL^2/8

Deflection at midspan= Maximum deflection = 5wL^4/384EI

Slope at both ends = maximum slope = wL^3/24EI

Simply supported beam with end moments ‘M’ at both supports (one anticlockwise
and one anticlockwise)

Deflection at midspan= Maximum deflection = ML^2/8EI

Slope at both ends = maximum slope = ML/2EI

Simply supported beam with central anticlockwise moment M

Deflection under the moment = 0


Slope at both the ends = ML/24EI

Simply supported beam with clockwise moment M at the left support

Deflection under midspan = ML^2/16EI

Maximum deflection = ML^2/9√3EI

The slope at left support = ML/3EI

The slope at right support = ML/6EI


Deflection table for Simply Supported Beam

You can download the Beam Deflection Formula Table PDF below and keep it handy.

Deflection table-SS Beam.pdf


Download PDF • 52KB

Deflection of Simply Supported Beam Numerical: Try this out!

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