VISHWA BHARATI PUBLIC SCHOOL, NOIDA

CLASS: X (2024-25)
SUBJECT: Geography

Assignment Type: Subjective

Unit/Topic: Chapter 1
Resources and Development Prepared By: Dr. Madhvi Singh

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which one of the following soils is the best for cotton cultivation?
(a) Red soil

(b) Black soil

(c) Laterite soil
(d) Alluvial soil

2. Which type of soil develops due to high temperature and evaporation?

(a) Arid soil

(b)Forest soil
(c)Black soil
(d)Red soil

3. Which one of the following is responsible for sheet erosion?

(a) Underground water
(b) Wind

(c) Glacier
(d) Water

4. Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Madhya Pradesh?
(a) Mining

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(b) Overgrazing
(c) Deforestation
(d) Over Irrigation

5. Which one of the following terms is used to identify the old and new alluvial respectively?
(a) Khadar and Terai
(b) Terai and Bangar

(c) Bangar and Khadar

(d) Terai and Duars

6. Which one of the following methods is used to break up the force of wind?

(a) Shelter belt

(b) Strip cropping
(c) Contour ploughing
(d) Terrace farming

7. Which one of the following statements refers to the sustainable development?

(a) Overall development of various resources.
(b) Development should take place without damaging the environment.

(c) Economic development of people.

(d) Development that meets the desires of the members of all community.

Assertion and Reasoning

The following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer
these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.

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(d) A is false, but R is true.
1. Assertion (A): Afforestation and proper management of grazing can help solve land
degradation

to some extent.
Reason (R): Planting of shelter belts of plants, control on overgrazing, stabilisation of sand
dunes by
growing thorny bushes are some of the methods to check land degradation in arid areas.

2. Assertion (A): Alluvial as a whole are very fertile.

Reason (R): Mostly these soils contain an adequate proportion of potash, phosphoric acid
and lime which are ideal for the growth of sugarcane, paddy, wheat and other cereal and
pulse crops.

3. Assertion (A): The black soils are made up of extremely fine i.e. clayey material.
Reason (R): They are well known for their capacity to hold dryness.

4. Assertion (A): Arid soil develops on crystalline igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall in the
eastern
and southern parts of the Deccan plateau.
Reason (R): Yellow and red soils are also found in parts of Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Southern
parts of the
middle Ganga plain and along the piedmont zone of the Western Ghats.

Case Study: Sustainable Resource Management in a Developing Country

Nanda Devi, with its diverse topography and rich biodiversity, serves as an ideal setting to
understand the dynamics of resource management. The village relies heavily on agriculture,
forestry, and tourism for its livelihood. However, rapid population growth and unchecked
exploitation of resources have posed significant threats to the delicate ecological balance of
the region. The villagers heavily depend on forests for timber, fuelwood, and grazing land.
Unregulated logging and deforestation have led to soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, and
disrupted water cycles. Despite being situated near mountainous terrain; Nanda Devi faces
acute water scarcity due to erratic rainfall patterns and contamination of water sources.
Intensive agricultural practices, including excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides,

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have led to soil degradation and reduced fertility. The lack of awareness and access to
modern agricultural techniques exacerbates the challenges faced by the community in
optimizing resource utilization. Recognizing the importance of forests in maintaining
ecological balance, the community has initiated afforestation drives to replenish lost green
cover and mitigate soil erosion. Rainwater harvesting structures such as check dams and
rooftop water harvesting systems have been constructed to augment water availability
during dry spells. To combat soil degradation and reduce dependence on chemical inputs,
the community has embraced organic farming practices, promoting composting and crop
rotation. Collaborative efforts involving local residents, government agencies, and non-profit
organizations have been instrumental in setting up nature reserves and wildlife sanctuaries
to protect the region's biodiversity. Initiatives aimed at enhancing the educational and
technical skills of the villagers have been undertaken to empower them with knowledge on
sustainable resource management practices. Through concerted efforts and community
participation, Nanda Devi has made significant strides towards sustainable resource
management. The village serves as a model for other communities grappling with similar
challenges, demonstrating the efficacy of grassroots initiatives in fostering environmental
stewardship and resilience.

Fill in the blanks with the help of the case study.

1. The villagers heavily depend on __________ for timber, fuelwood, and grazing land.

2. Rainwater harvesting structures such as __________ have been constructed to

augment water availability during dry spells.

3. To combat soil degradation, the community has embraced __________ practices,

promoting composting and crop rotation.

4. Collaborative efforts involving local residents, government agencies, and non-profit

organizations have been instrumental in setting up __________ to protect the region's
biodiversity.

5. Initiatives aimed at enhancing the educational and technical skills of the villagers
have been undertaken to empower them with knowledge on sustainable resource
management __________.

Answer the following.

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1. How does the diverse topography of Nanda Devi contribute to the dynamics of resource
management in the region?

2. What are the main threats to the delicate ecological balance of Nanda Devi, and how do
they manifest in the region?

3. What measures have been implemented by the community of Nanda Devi to address
challenges such as water scarcity, soil degradation, and loss of biodiversity, and how effective
have these initiatives been in promoting sustainable resource management?

Answer the following in 90 words.

1. How does overgrazing contribute to land degradation in certain regions of India?

2. Distinguish between the following:-

a. Biotic and Abiotic resources

b. Renewable and Non-Renewable resources

4. Describe the role of land use patterns in determining the socio-economic development of
a region.

5. Analyse the factors responsible for the soil formation and soil depletion.

6. What is land degradation? Explain the factors responsible for land degradation.

7. Write down the characteristics for the following:-

a. Black Soil

b. Red Soil
c. Laterite Soil
d. Mountain Soil

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e. Desert Soil
f. Arid Soil

8. ‘Indiscriminate use of resources had led to numerous problems.’ Justify the statement.

9. What is Agenda 21? List its two principles.

Answer the following in 120 words.

1. Which are the various causes of land degradation in Gujarat, Rajasthan and Madhya
Pradesh. How can it be checked? Explain.

2. Explain the process of soil formation and the factors influencing it, with suitable
examples.

3. List the problems caused due to indiscriminate use of resources by human beings.

4. List the measures taken to conserve and manage land resources in India, focusing on
afforestation, waste land management, and soil conservation techniques.

5. ‘Consumption of energy in all forms has been rising all over the country. There is an
urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development and energy saving.’
Suggest and explain any three measures to solve this burning problem.

6. What is resource planning? List the three stages of Resource planning.

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