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CHM1046L Exp 1 Part III Data Sheet

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17 views

CHM1046L Exp 1 Part III Data Sheet

Uploaded by

Maryam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DATA SHEET

Name Saif Ahmed Date 28/10/22

Lab Partner_______________ Instructor Dr. Sylvia Riviello

E X P E R I M E N T 1 : P a r t III: Qualitative Analysis of


Chloride Group Cations

Record data for this experiment, for each step you must record which reagent is added, then
you record your observation, write chemical reaction for each step and indicate the phase for
reactant and product. Which ones are soluble and which ones are precipitate.

Part added reagent observation chemical reaction soluble precipitate


A two drops of 6 White 1. AgNO3 (aq) +HCl (aq) →
AgCl (s) + HNO3 (aq)
M HCl precipitates √
2. Hg2(NO3)2 (aq) + 2HCl (aq)
→ Hg2Cl2 (s) + HNO3 (aq)

3. Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2HCl (aq)


→ PbCl2 (s) + HNO3 (aq)

B-1 twelve drops of Clear hot water + PbCl2 (s) → Pb2+ (aq) √
−¿¿
very hot water solution + 2Cl (aq)

B-2 1 drop acetic Yellow PbCl2 (aq) + K2CrO4 (aq) →


acid + four precipitates PbCrO4 (s) + 2KCl (aq) √
drops of 0.5 M
K2CrO4
solution.
C-1 6 M NH3 and gray
four drops of precipitates Cl2 (s) + 2NH3 (aq) → Hg (l) + √
water HgNH2Cl (s) + NH4(aq) + Cl−
(aq)

C-2 6 M HNO3 cloudy √


white Cl2 (s) + 2NH3 (aq) → Hg (l) +
precipitate HgNH2Cl (s) +NH4(aq) + Cl−
(aq)

Write a rationale explaining how you determined which cations are absent and which are
present. Rational must explain stepwise how the observations prove the presence of a cation.
For example, the unknow contains no chloride group cation because when I added HCl, no
precipitate formed

In order to analyze the unknown sample following steps will be followed


1. 15 drops of an unknown sample will be taken in a test tube then if by adding 2 drops of
6M HCl there is no precipitation it confirms that in the sample there is no chloride
group cation.
2. If on addition of HCl precipitates are formed it showed the presence of chloride
group cation and the presence of specific cation is confirmed by further analysis like
first of all it will be centrifuge for 2-minutes and supernatant will be decant in a
separate test tube, precipitates will be washed with distilled water followed by de-
ionized water.
3. The pure precipitates will be placed in a hot water bath if precipitates dissolves
completely it gives the identification of presence of only lead ion in the sample which
will be confirm by adding 3 to 4 drops of 1M potassium chromate. The formation of
yellow precipitates will confirm the presence of lead ion in the sample.
4. But if the precipitates not dissolve completely then the supernatant will be separated
from precipitates because now there is the possibility of presence of three ions in the
sample (lead, mercury, silver).
5. The presence of lead will be confirm by adding 3 to 4 drops of 1M potassium chromate
in the supernatant as written above.
6. If upon addition of ammonia in the precipitates separated initially, a grey solid is
formed it will confirm the presence of mercury in the sample.
7. But along with mercury there can be silver as well in order to check it grey mixture
will be centrifuged and supernatant will be separated and as much acidified with 6M
nitric acid until it turn blue litmus into red and at that condition if white precipitates
form it will confirm the presence of silver ion in the sample.

What do you know about your Unknown if in Part B the white precipitate completely dissolves
in the hot water?

If in Part B the white precipitate completely dissolves in the hot water it showed that in the
unknown sample there is only lead ion present.
Reason:
Because if the sample contain lead ions they get dissolve in the hot water as follows.

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