Adamson University DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Conditions for exactness:

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

A differential equation is an equation involving an unknown

function and its derivatives
6.Find the general equation of the given differential
TYPES OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION equation: (x+y)dx + (x-y)dy = 0
A. x2 – 2xy + y2 = c
ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION B. x2 + 2xy – y2 = c
A differential equation involving only ordinary derivatives with C. x2 – 2xy – y2 = c
respect to a single independent variable D. x2 + 2xy + y2 = c

7. Find the value a that would make the following

equation exact:
(2ay2 − 2ye2x – a) + (2xy − e2x − 3ay2) y’ = 0.
A. a = 1
B. a = 0.5
C. a = −1
D. a = -0.5

Linear Form of Differential Equation

Form:
PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
A differential equation involving partial derivatives with respect
to more than one independent variable Solution:

where:
TYPES OF FIRST ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

Variable Separable DE
-equations that can be rewritten to isolate the 8. Solve the differential equation: 2(y-4x2)dx + xdy = 0
variables x and y (together with their differentials dx and dy) on A. xy2 = x4 + C
opposite sides of the equation. B. x2y = x4 + C
C. x2y = 2x4 + C
1. Solve the equation: dy/dx = 2y/x D. xy2 = 2x4 + C
A. y = cxx2
B. y = cx2 9. Determine the integrating factor for the following
C. y2 = cx differential equation: y’ – 3y = 6.
D. y^c = x2 A. 3x
B. e-3x
𝑑𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑦 C. -3x
2. Solve the equation = D. e3x
𝑑𝑥 1+𝑥 2
A. 2𝑦 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛(2𝑦) = 4 arctan 𝑥 + 𝐶
B. 2𝑦 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑦) = 4 arctan 𝑥 + 𝐶 Bernoulli’s Differential Equation
C. 2𝑦 + 𝑠𝑒𝑐(2𝑦) = 4 arctan 𝑥 + 𝐶 Form:
D. 2𝑦 + 𝑐𝑠𝑐(2𝑦) = 4 arctan 𝑥 + 𝐶 𝑑𝑦
+ 𝑃(𝑥)𝑦 = 𝑄(𝑥)𝑦 𝑛
𝑑𝑥
3. Obtain the particular solution of the ordinary Solution:
differential equation: ydx – 2xdy = 0 at y(8) = 4.
𝑣𝑒1−𝑛 ∫ 𝑃(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = (1 − 𝑛) ∫ 𝑄(𝑥) 𝑒1−𝑛 ∫ 𝑃(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
A. y = 2x2
B. y2 = 2x3 where: 𝑣 = 𝑦1−𝑛
C. y2 = 2x
D. y3 = 2x2 10. Solve the differential equation:
𝑑𝑦 2 𝑦 3
Homogeneous Equation − 𝑦 = ( ) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
- if all x will be replaced by kx and y will be replaced A. x4 = y2 (2xsinx – 2sinx + C)
by ky and the equation remains unchanged after simplifying, B. x4 = y-2 (2xcosx – 2sinx + C)
then the equation is a homogeneous equation. C. x4 = y2 (2xcosx – 2sinx + C)
D. x4 = y2 (2xcosx – 2cosx + C)
4. Solve for the general solution of the following
differential equation: 3(3x2 + y2)dx – 2xydy = 0 11. What is the order and degree of the following
A. x^3 = c(x^2 + 9y^2) differential equation:
B. x^2 = c(9x^2 + y^2) 4
 d2y 
5
 dy 
C. x^3 = c(9x^2 + y^2) y  2  + 2 x3   = 8 xy 2
D. x^2 = c(x^2 + 9y^2)  dx   dx 
A. 2,5 C. 4,2
5. Solve the equation: xydx + (x2 + y2)dy = 0 B. 3,4 D. 2,4
A. y2(x2 + y 2) = C
B. y2(x2 – y2) = C 12. Determine the degree of the following differential
C. y2(2x2 – y2) = C equation:
D. y2(2x2 + y2) = C 3 7 2
æ d2y ö æ dy ö 3 æ dy ö
Exact Differential Equation çè dx 2 ÷ø + 3y çè dx ÷ø + y çè dx ÷ø = 5x
Form:
A. 1 C. 3
B. 2 D. 4

1|P age
Prepared by: Engr. Rex Jason H. Agustin
 Adamson University DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Linear Second Order Differential Equation
20. The rate of population growth of a certain city is
• Write the equation from (aD2 + bD + c)y = 0, to am2 + proportional to the number of inhabitants. If the city
bm + c = 0 and solve for m. population now is 40 million and is expected to double
in 25 years, in how many years will the population be
• If the roots are real and distinct, say 𝑚1 = 𝛼 and 𝑚2 = three times the present?
𝛽, then the general solution is: A. 40 years C. 50 years
𝑦 = 𝑐1 𝑒 𝛼𝑥 + 𝑐2 𝑒 𝛽𝑥 B. 30 years D. D. 20 years

• If the roots are real and repeated, say 𝑚1 = 𝑚2 = 𝛼, 21. According to Newton’s law of cooling, the temperature
then the general solution is: of an object changes at a rate proportional to the
𝑦 = 𝑐1 𝑒 𝛼𝑥 + 𝑐2 𝑥𝑒 𝛽𝑥 difference in temperature between the object and the
outside medium. If an object whose temperature is
• If the roots are imaginary, say 𝑚1 = 𝛼 + 𝛽𝑖 and 𝑚2 = 70O Fahrenheit is placed in a medium whose
𝛼𝛽𝑖, then the general solution is: temperature is 20O and is found to be 40O after 3
𝑦 = 𝑐1 𝑒 𝛼𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛽𝑥) + 𝑐2 𝑒 𝛼𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛽𝑥) minutes, what will its temperature be after 6 minutes?
A. 25 OF C. 28 OF
O
B. 27 F D. 26 OF
13. Find the general equation of y” + 3y’ – 10y = 0.
A. y(t)= -5C1e^(-5t)+ 2C2e^(2t)
B. y(t)= -5C1e^(2t)+ 2C2e^(-5t) 22. Eliminate the arbitrary constant in the following
C. y(t)= -5C1e^(2t)+ 2C2e^(-5t) equation: x3 – 3x2y = c
D. y(t)= C1e^(-5t)+ C2e^(2t) A. (x – 2y)dx – xdy = 0 C. (x – 2y)dx + xdy = 0
B. (x + 2y)dx – xdy = 0 D. (x + 2y)dx + xdy = 0
14. Find the general solution of y”-4y’+4y=0.
A. 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝐶1 𝑒 2𝑡 + 𝐶2 𝑡𝑒 2𝑡 23. Find the differential equation of the family of
B. 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝐶1 𝑒 2𝑡 − 𝐶2 𝑡𝑒 2𝑡 parabolas having their vertices at the origin and foci
C.𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑒 2𝑡 on the x axis.
A. ydx – 2xdy = 0 C. ydx – xdy = 0
D. 𝑦(𝑡) = − 𝑒 2𝑡
B. 2ydx – xdy = 0 D. 3ydx – 2xdy = 0
15. Find the general solution of y” – 4y’ + 9y = 0.
24. Find the equation of the family of orthogonal
A. 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝐶1 𝑒 2𝑡 cos(√5𝑡) − 𝐶2 𝑒 2𝑡 sin(√5𝑡) trajectories of the system of parabolas y^2 = 2x + C.
B. 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝐶1 𝑒 2𝑡 cos(√5𝑡) + 𝐶2 𝑒 2𝑡 sin(√5𝑡) A. y=Ce^x C. y=Ce^x/2
C. 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝐶1 𝑒 5𝑡 cos(√2𝑡) + 𝐶2 𝑒 5𝑡 sin(√2𝑡) B. y=Ce^2x D. y=Ce^-x
D. 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝐶1 𝑒 5𝑡 cos(√2𝑡) − 𝐶2 𝑒 5𝑡 sin(√2𝑡)
25. The rate of change of a function of y with respect to x
WRONSKIAN equals 2-y, and y=8 when x=0. Find y when x=ln(2).
Wronskian (a.k.a. Wronski determinant) is a test used to A. 2 C. 5
identify whether the solutions f(x), g(x), …, h(x) are linearly B. -5 D. -2
dependent.
26. Determine the type of partial differential equation:
f g
f g h ¶2 u ¶2 u ¶2 u
W= + 6 + 9 =0
f ' g' W= f' g' h' ¶x 2 ¶x ¶y ¶y2
f '' g'' h'' A. Parabolic C. Hyperbolic
B. Elliptic D. Burger’s
16. Find the wronskian of ex and e2x.
A. 2e3x C. e3x To God be the glory!
B. 3e3x D. -2e3x

17. The two functions f(x) = cosx and g(x) = sinx may be
classified as:
A. Linearly independent
B. Linearly dependent
C.1
D. none of the above

Law of Growth & Decay:

or

Newton’s law of cooling:

18. A radioactive substance has a mass of 100mg. After

10 years it has decayed to a mass of 75 mg. What will
be the mass of the substance be after another 10
years?
A. 56.25 mg C. 49.34 mg
B. 24.36 mg D. 63.12 mg

19. Radium decomposes at a rate proportional to the

amount at any instant. In 100 years, 100 mg of radium
decomposes to 96 mg. How many mg will be left after
200 years?
A. 90.21 C. 88.10
B. 92.16 D. 85.62
2|P age
Prepared by: Engr. Rex Jason H. Agustin