Learning Activity Sheet in Mathematics 9 (Quarter 3: Week 8)

Name: _________________________ Grade/Section: _____________ Date: _________

School: ________________________ Teacher: ________________________________
Learning Competency (with code): 1. Proves the Pythagorean Theorem; (M9GE-IIIi-2)
2. Special right triangle theorems. (M9GE-IIIg-h-1)
LESSON 1: Pythagorean Theorem
A. EXPLORE
Activity 1: Construction
Materials: E
 Ruler
 Protractor or compass

Procedure: (Sample figures on the right) 3

1. Draw a right triangle EFG with right angle F and legs EF and FG,
measuring 3 cm and 4 cm respectively. Connect EG and measure
its length.
Length of EG = ____ F G
4
2. Draw obtuse triangle JIH with obtuse angle I, JI = 3 cm H
and IH = 4 cm. Connect and measure JH.
Length of JH = ____ J
3
3. Draw acute triangle MLK with ML = 3 cm and LK = 4 cm. 4
Connect and measure MK.
I
Length of MK = ____

4. Fill in the blank with <, > and =, to make true statements.
a. EF  FG ___ EG
2 2 2

b. JI 2  IH 2 ___ JH 2
c. ML  LK ___ MK
2 2 2

Process Questions:
1. Based on your answers on number 4, how can the sum of the squares of the two
sides of a triangle and the square of the longest side be used to identify right, obtuse
or acute triangle?

2. In a right triangle, what can you say about the square of the length of the hypotenuse
and the sum of the squares of its legs? State the name of this theorem.
A A
B. LEARN
The Pythagorean Theorem:
In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the legs.
b c b c A
Here is one of the numerous proofs of the Pythagorean Theorem.
Proof by Similarity
C ABC , mC = 90
Given: B C b B c
Prove: c 2  a 2a  b 2 a

C B
a
 Proof:
Draw altitude CX = f to the hypotenuse AB= c, dividing it to AX = d and XB = e

A
d
c
X A

b e
f

C B
a
A Separating the right triangles: ACB,  CXB and AXC B
C
A
C
A

BB X B C
C C X

Hints Statements Reasons

1. Describe ACB,  CXB and ACB ___ CXB ___AXC Right Triangle Theorem
AXC
2. Write the proportions Special Properties of Right
involving the geometric Triangles
means a and b

3. Cross multiply the terms of Cross multiplication property of

the properties proportions
4. Add the two equations in ce + cd = a2 + b2
Statement 3
5. Factor the left side of the Common Monomial Factoring
equation
6. But e + d = c, thus substitute Segment Addition Postulate
e + d by c on Statement 5
7. Simplify Product Law of Exponents

Example:
A
Refer to the figure.
c. If a = 4 and b = 3, find c.

Solution: By Pythagorean Theorem, c 2  a 2  b 2

b c
c 2  4 2  32
c 2  16  9
c 2  25 C B
c=5 a
 d. If a = 11 and c = 12, find b. c. If b = 9 and c = 16,
c2  a2  b2 find a.
12 2  112  b 2 c2  a2  b2
144 = 121 + b2 16 2  a 2  9 2
144-121 = b2 256 = a 2  81
b= 23 256 – 81 = a 2
a= 5 7
If the altitude is drawn
Converse of the Pythagorean Theorem.
If the square of one side of a triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides,
then the triangle is a right triangle.

Acitivity 2: YES or NO!

Write Yes if the given set of lengths are side lengths of a right triangle. Otherwise write No.
a. 6, 8, 10
b. 8, 15, 16
c. 10, 24, 26
d. 20, 21, 28
e. 9, 35, 41o th

If the square of the longest side of a triangle is LESS than the sum of the squares of the other
two sides, then the triangle is ACUTE.
eh

If the square of the longest side of a triangle is GREATER than the sum of the squares of the
other two sides, then the triangle is OBTUSE.
Otenu
s Acitivity 3: WHO AM I?
Tell whether the following lengths are possible to be sides of a right triangle. If it is a triangle,
state whether if it is acute, right or obtuse.
a. 2,2,2
b. 4, 6, 10
c. 7, 24, 25
d. 1, √3, 2 right tr
e, then the two triangles formed
C. ENGAGE
Activity 4: Problem Solving
Solve the following problems using the Pythagorean Theorem.

1. The size of a TV screen is given by

the length of its diagonal. Jose
won a Samsung LCD TV from a
raffle in Gaisano Mall. The
dimensions of the screen is 16
inches by 14 inches, what is the
size of Jose’s TV screen?

2. A 20 foot ladder is leaning against a vertical

wall. If the foot of the ladder is 8 feet from
the wall, how high does the ladder reach?
D. APPLY
1. Engineering
A 10 m post is positioned in such a way that it meets the ground at right angles. A wire was
stung from the top of the post to a hook on the ground 8 m from the base of the post. How long
was the wire?

2. Surveying
To find the length of a lake, a surveyor asked his assistant to place flags at both ends of a lake,
labeled as A and B. He then walked to a spot, point C, such that mACB = 90. He measured
the distance from A to C and found it to be 110 m, and the distance from B to C was 90 m. find
the approximate length of the lake to the nearest tenth of meter.

LESSON 2: Special right triangle theorems Peter’s

A. EXPLORE House
Peter and John had lunch together at 30◦
Tesha Homemade Foodhaus. They both
left the food house by foot. Peter headed
north to Del Carmen Ave. and John
headed west to Talisay St. John realized
that he left his Math notebook inside the
Food house. His house and the food house
is 54 m apart. When John reached the
Food house, he also remembered that he
John’s
needs to borrow Peter’s Science notebook.
House
How far John must travel to go to Peter’s
house?

The problem above which will be solved later, involves knowledge on special right triangles. In this
lesson, properties of special right triangles will be discussed. These are 45◦-45◦-90◦ triangle also
known as isosceles right triangle and 30◦-60◦-90◦ triangle.

Activity 1: Construction

Materials: compass, ruler, protractor

Procedure:
1. Construct an equilateral triangle with sides 2 in long, label its vertices A, B and C.
2. Find the midpoints of AB and label D. Draw CD, a median.
3. Use a protractor to measure ACD, A and CDA.
4. Use ruler to measure AD
5. Copy and complete the table below. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find CD. Write your
answer in simplest form
AC AD CD
2 in. ___ ___
4 in. ___ ___
7 in. ___ ___
 Suppose the length of a side of an equilateral triangle is 10 cm. what values would you expect for
AC, AD and CD?

B. LEARN

30-60-90 Triangle Property

Let a be the shorter leg of the triangle. In a 30-60-90
triangle, the hypotenuse is twice as long as the √3𝑎
shorter leg and the longer leg is 3 times as long as
the shorter leg.

Note: the longer leg is the side opposite the 60◦ angle and the shorter leg is the side opposite the 30◦
angle.

Example: Find the unknown lengths of the 30-60-90 triangle.

a.
y
10

30
Solution: x

Shorter leg = 10 longer leg = x and hypotenuse = y

Hypotenuse : y = 2  shorter leg
= 2  10
y = 20

Longer leg: x = √3 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑒𝑔

x = 10√3

To solve the introductory problem, we need to use the property of 30-60-90 triangle

Solution: Peter
From John to Food House = 54 m 30
Food house to John = √3  54 m
= 54√3
≈ 93.53 m

Therefore, John needs to travel 93.53 m to reach Peter’s house.

John
food house
Isosceles Right Triangle Property 54
A 45-45-90 triangle, is an isosceles right triangle. Thus,
the sides opposite to the 45◦ angles are congruent.
Suppose each of these sides equals a, then by
Pythagorean Theorem, a 45
Hypotenuse2 = a2 + a2 = 2a2
Hypotenuse = a√2

Thus in a 45-45-90 triangle, the hypotenuse is 45

√𝟐 times the as long as a leg a
Example:
Find the value of x.

a.
x
Answer: x = 3√2
3
45

b.
x Solution: Hypotenuse = 10
45 Hypotenuse = √2  x
10 = √2  x
10√2
=x
10 2
x=5

C. ENGAGE

Activity 2: Complete the tables

Complete the tables. For numbers 1-5, refer to figure 1 and for numbers 6-10 refer to figure
2.

a b c
1. 4
2. 2 3 45
c
3. 4 6
4. a
4 2
45
5. 21
b
3

a b c 60

1. 12
c
2. 14 3
3. 16
4. 20 15 a

5. 30
5 6
2 b
D. APPLY
Activity 3: Area of Integration

1. Surveying

Find the distance across the lake between between the

two cottages? A surveyor can do this without getting wet.
Round off answer to the nearest m.

2. Measurement
At the same time that the sun’s rays make 60-
degree angle with the ground, the shadow cast by a
flagpole is 24 feet. To the nearest foot, find the
height of the flagpole.
E. REFERENCES

Books:

Frederick Buiza. Geometry Worktext. JFC Publishing House Inc.. Quezon City, Philippines. 2013.
Corazon Lomibao, et. al. Hands-on Minds on Activities in Mathematics 9.St. Juse Thaddeus Publication.
2013

Internet sources:
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1&fir=qGshC4cRq4yk_M%253A%252CDAWwPpHWJzYL2M%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-
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