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Archimedes’ principle

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16 views

Archimedes’ principle

Uploaded by

snehith.reddy.0101
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Archimedes’ Principle

“An object submerged in a fluid experiences an upward


buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by an
object.” - Archimedes
What is Archimedes’ principle?
Archimedes’ principle states that an object submerged in water experience an
upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by an object.

This means that if an object (let’s say - a rock) were thrown into the water, then
there would be a resultant force acting upon the rock (a buoyant force), which is
equivalent to the amount of water which got displaced by the landing of the rock.

Rock Displaced f

Equal force
How the Archimedes’ principle was introduced
Archimedes’ story is known as “Eureka” which means “I found it”, and it started due to the order of
King Hiero II of Syracuse, who wanted to craft a crown with pure gold and decided to assign it to the
gold smith. After the crown was forged and was given to the king, he suspected the gold smith cheated
him by adding some silver parts so the gold smith can gain significant profit, so he called Archimedes -
who was an esteemed physicist, mathematician, engineer and a astronomer - to find out if he stole the
gold, but the twist was that he wasn’t allowed to damage the crown.

One day, while bathing, Archimedes noticed how the water level rose as he got in, leading him to realize
that the volume of water displaced could measure the volume of an object. With that excitement, he
went to king while screaming “Eureka”. That is how he discovered the buoyancy rule.

He was able to find out that the gold smith stole some gold because he submerged the crown and gold
in water, and by calculating the displaced water, he was able to compare the volume of the crown, to
the volume of the pure gold submerged alongside with the crown.
How is Archimedes’ principle helpful?
Archimedes’ principle has a lot of real word impacts, and it surprisingly is an essential
foundation for oceanology, marine technology and development, and purity of substances (such
as gold). Some of these impacts include:

● Determining Buoyancy

Understanding buoyancy is crucial when it comes to constructing marine-transport such as ships


and submarines. A minor error could cause an entire malfunction

● Testing the purity of gold (in carats)

Gold is not always pure, gold-ore at least. A salesman could easily manipulate a person into
paying more for an impure piece of jewelry, just by telling them that it’s pure. By weighing a
piece of gold, calculating its volume, and calculating its density, it can be identified if it is pure
or not. If the density of the jewelry is close to 19.3 g/cm3, then it is pure gold, otherwise
Real Life Examples of Archimedes’ Principle
During the constructions of dams and bridges, the builders have to ensure
that the pillars which provide support for the bridges (or dams) have to be
strong enough to be able to resist the buoyant force applied on the pillars
by the water.

Archimedes’ principle can be used to help calculate the approximate


amount of water displaced, and the followed buoyant force, and by
knowing the buoyant force, the pillar can be built with stronger resistance.
Flotation from the fortune: Exploring Archimedes’ Principle

The project that we are doing also known as “Flotation from the fortune” revolves
around the concepts of buoyancy, and displacement of water.
The materials required for the project are:
● Plastic cups
● Coins (Weights)
● Container filled with water (to know the displacement of water)

Physics behind the experiment:


The water in the container is ideally more dense than a plastic cup, meaning that if
the plastic cup were put into the water, then it would float. The experiment intends
to go the extra mile, and add the weight of a coin to the bottle, which in-turn makes
it more dense, causing the cup to sink.
Example of the experiment:

How does the (Independent


variable) affect the (Dependent If the (Independent variable)
variable)? increases, then the (dependent
variable) increases, because
(scientific reasoning).

IDV -

DV -

CV -

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