1733562953938.unit 4
1733562953938.unit 4
INTRODUCTION
There are two ways of creating an attractive digital document in Writer:
LibreOffice suite
To avoid inconsistency in formatting and reduce time and effort in formatting a document,
we use Styles in Writer.
Introduction to Styles
A style is a collection of all formatting information, which you want to save and then apply
on the document.
For example, following details of “Font” can be stored as a style with the name ‘Heading
style’
Size – 12
Name – Bookman Old Style
Weight –Bold
Alignment – Left
NOTE: Style allows us to shift our focus from appearance of the document to the content of
document
Styles Categories
LibreOffice Writer provides six Style categories, which are as follows:
1. Page Style:
It includes basic page layout like page size, its margin, placement of header and footer,
footnote, borders and background.
2. Paragraph Style:
Paragraph formatting includes tab stops, text alignment, line spacing and borders.
3. Character Style:
This style is used to work on block of letters, i.e. word(s) in the paragraph. Character styles
allow changing the text colour, text size, highlighting text and emphasising it.
4. Frame Style:
Frames are like containers, which can hold text, graphics and lists. Therefore, applying
Frame Styles allows to format a frame by specifying its size, position, border and how the
text is placed around the picture.
5. List Style:
It can be used to style lists by putting numbering or bullets of a different kind or specify
numeric format.
6. Table Style:
Table Style category allows to format a table by adding borders, using different text or
border colour(s), aligning text inside the table, having different patterns or text colour.
1. Click Style option from Menu Bar and click Manage Style.
2. Using Style Drop Down list box, from the Toolbar. If the Toolbar is not visible then, click
on View>Toolbars, and enable Formatting/“Formatting (Styles)”.
3. Using Sidebar Menu. On the Sidebar, clicking on Styles icon, displays the Style sub-
menu.
1. First six icons allow to select the category of style, such as Paragraph style, Character
style, Frame style, Page style, List style and Table style to work on.
2. From the bottom of the window selecting Show Preview option displays its style along
with the name in the list.
3. At the bottom of Style window, there is a Drop Down list, to select the filter for the style
list to be displayed above. By default this filter is set to Hierarchical.
2. Choose appropriate style by clicking the button from the top of the Styles bar.
3. A list of styles for that category appears. Double click on the desired style to apply to the
selected text.
NOTE: To quit Fill Format option, click the Fill Format button again or press the Esc key.
1. Select the portion of document, such as page, paragraph, character, and change its
appearance (do formatting as required).
2. Choose the category (paragraph, character, page, etc.) from Style menu for which a
new style is to be created.
3. Select Style action button and then click on New Style from Selection.
4. In Create Style dialog window, type the name of new style, say, ‘MyStyle’.
5. Click OK to save the name of new style.
B. Using Drag and Drop: Steps to create a new Style using Drag and Drop method are
given below.
1. Select the text from the document and change its formatting as desired.
2. Choose the desired style from Style Window under which, new style is to be created.
3. Now drag the selected portion of text to the Style Menu.
4. Create Style dialog window appears.
5. Type name of new style and press OK button to save.
NOTE:
NOTE – Ensure that the aspect modified remains same throughout the selection. For
example, in paragraph, if you are changing font face or size then, throughout the
paragraph it should remain same.
NOTE:
1. If you want to copy the style from file then instead of Template option, click on the
From File button. A File Selection dialog box is displayed and select the desired
document.
2. By selecting Overwrite option from the load style dialog box, the styles being copied
will replace any existing styles with the same name.
SUMMARY
A Style is collection of all formatting information, which you want to save and then apply on the document.
Predefined Heading style(s) act as bookmarks in a document. These bookmarks allow faster browsing in a
document.
These Style(s) tools can be accessed from Menu bar, Drop Down List and Side bar.
Fill Format is used to style scattered – Pages, Frames, Tables, Lists, Paragraphs or Characters in a document
Writer allows creating custom style and saving them for future use.
These new styles can be created using Selection method or Drag and Drop method.
A user defined style once created, can be updated at any point of time. Steps used for updating a
style are same as creation of style.
Pictures have visual appeal, as our brain responds quickly to colors in comparison to any
other form of information. A picture can be a drawing, chart, photo, logo, graph.
In this chapter we will learn to create a document with pictures and also learn to insert and
modify images.
A picture is a digital image, which is representation of image in finite set of digital values 0
or 1, known as pixels. These are stored in various types of graphics files with the file
extension, such as GIF, JPG, JPEG, PNG, BMP, etc
The image file stored in the computer, can be inserted into a document using different ways
which are given below:
Steps to insert an image using Insert Image dialog box, is given below
1. Open the document and click on Insert > Image from menu bar.
2. An Insert Image dialog box will open which will allow to choose the picture file to be
inserted.
3. Select the file and click on Open button to insert an image in document.
NOTE: Inserting an image using any of the above described method saves a copy of image
file in the document wherever image is inserted, that means, the image gets embedded in
the document.
If multiple copies of the same image are required to be inserted in the document, it is
beneficial to save the link of image instead of inserting the image. Inserting a link, stores its
reference instead of the image itself, thereby reduces the size of the document.
To link the image file check the Link option in Insert Image dialog box
Keyboard shortcut to link an image – drag and drop the image while holding the Ctrl+Shift
keys.
We can modify the image inserted in the document according to our requirement. The
Image toolbar
is used to resize, crop, delete and rotate the image.
The image toolbar automatically appears when an image is inserted or selected in the
document. If you want to keep it always on screen, click on View > Toolbars > Image from
the menu bar. The various tools available on Image toolbar is shown below.
Important for MCQ and 1 mark question:
Tools on Image
Description
toolbar
Image Filter There are 11 types of filters available for improving an image.
Image can be changed to black and white, gray-scale or a
Image Mode
watermark.
Crop Cuts off non-desirable part of the image.
Flip Horizontally Flips the image Horizontally by 180o.
Flip Vertically Flips the image Vertically by 180o.
Rotate 90o left Rotates the image by 90o left.
Rotate 90o right Rotates the image by 90o right.
Rotate Image can be rotated by any angle using this tool.
Makes an image transparent by using the value provided in
Transparency
percentage.
Red, Blue or Green colour can be modified or adjustment for
Colour brightness,
contrast and gamma can be made
Working with images Toolbar color
Clicking on the colour button will display the colour drop down list as shown above. It
consists of six components in the drop down list. The first components represent the three
primary colours Red, Green and Blue, respectively. The fourth component represent the
Brightness, fifth component represent the Contrast and last sixth component represent the
Gamma
Clicking on Image Filter opens up a window with 11 filters, as shown below. Following
table gives the
brief description of various tools available in the Image Filter window
Smooth Softens the contrast of image. Another dialogue box appears to adjust parameter
Sharpen Increases the contrast of image
Remove Noise Removes single pixels from the image
Used in Photographs to reverse the tone. Dark appears light and light appears
Solarisation dark.
Another dialogue box appears to adjust parameter
Simulates the effect of time on picture. On clicking it, another dialogue box
Aging appears to
adjust parameter
Makes a picture appear like painting by reducing colours in the image. Another
Posterise
dialogue box appears to adjust parameter, when this icon is clicked.
Resizing is the process of reducing or enlarging the size of the image. Quick and easy way
to resize an image is by dragging the image’s sizing handles. Steps are
1. Click on the image and observe the eight sizing handles surrounding the image.
2. Position the pointer over one of the sizing handles and drag to resize the image.
3. Release the mouse button when satisfied with the new size.
NOTE: By dragging the corner handles, one can resize both the width and the height of the
image simultaneously, while the other four handles only resize one dimension at a time.
To delete the image, just select the image by clicking on the image and press the Delete key.
Drawing Objects
If you need to draw a flowchart or a callout box in your document, LibreOffice Writer
provides the feature of
drawing tools for such work.
To display Drawing Toolbar in the Writer window, click on View > Toolbars > Drawing.
The toolbar contains various basic drawing objects of different types to create any design.
Steps to design are:
1. Place the cursor in the document where you want the drawing to be placed.
2. Select the tool from the Drawing toolbar.
3. Click-and-drag to create the drawing object in the document.
4. Release the mouse button to finish drawing.
NOTE: To cancel the selected drawing function, press the Esc key or click the Select icon
(the arrow)
on the Drawing toolbar.
Drawing Object Properties Toolbar is displayed when we select the object. It is a floating
toolbar, and can be placed anywhere on the screen. To set the properties before drawing
the object, follow the given steps.
To set the properties after drawing the object, follow the given steps
Resizing Object
NOTE: For resizing and maintaining original shape of drawing, use corner handles. Using
edge handles will resize drawing non-proportionally.
Grouping Objects
LibreOffice Writer allows grouping of different objects, to behave as a single entity. Once
grouped, all shapes belonging to that group become its member and a change applied on
one member works on all. Follow the given steps to group the drawing objects.
NOTE: There are four options under Group option. These are Group, Ungroup, Enter
Group, Exit Group. These options are also present in the Drawing Object Properties
Toolbar.
1. Arrangement
2. Anchoring
3. Alignment
4. Text Wrapping
Let us learn how to use Drawing Object Properties Toolbar to position a drawing in the
page.
Tool Effect
Bring to Front Place image on top of all objects / images
Forward One Bring image one level up, when there are overlapping images
Back One Sends image one level down in overlapping images
Send to Back Place image at the bottom of all objects/images
To Foreground Moves the drawing object in front of the text
To Background Moves the drawing object behind the text
NOTE: – First four settings can be applied on an image or drawing, but last two are
available for drawings only.
2. Anchoring: It acts as a reference point for image or drawing. Anchoring allows an image
to retain its position to a page, paragraph, character or frame.
3. Alignment: It allows the vertical or horizontal placement of the image with respect to its
anchor. An image can be aligned in six different styles – 3 horizontal and 3 vertical.
4. Text Wrapping: It allows the placement of image in relation to text. Text Wrapping tools
are available under Drawing Object Properties Toolbar. There are six choices which are
briefly explained below.
SUMMARY
• In a digital document, a graphic or image is called digital image.
• A digital image is represented in pixels.
• Predefined image can be inserted using Drag-Drop method, Copy-Paste method or using
Insert Image dialog box.
• Inserting an image embeds a copy of the image in the document.
• An image can be linked to a document using Insert Image dialog box.
• Linking an image saves only the link of the image instead of embedding the image. This
saves space in case multiple copies of the same image are required.
• Image Toolbar can be used to modify an image. Tools for filtering, resizing, cropping,
deleting and rotating an image are available in this toolbar.
• Drawing Tools are used to create pictures (objects), such as Flowchart, Call out box,
designs, etc.
• Properties of Object can be customised by resizing, rotating, moving or editing.
• Drawing object properties can be modified either at the time of creation (when you start
drawing) or after its creation.
• Properties when modified before creation, is known as setting Default values.
• An object drawn using different shapes, can be grouped to behave as single object.
• Writer provide various tools to arrange text and image or drawing on a page.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents, allows to insert an automated table of contents in a document. The
entries or contents of this table are automatically taken from the headings and sub
headings of the document. Also, by clicking on any topic in the table of contents, we can
navigate directly to the selected topic.
NOTE: All the headings will appear with page numbers in the ToC. The entries in the ToC
are hyperlinked. Pressing Ctrl+click the cursor will directly move on to the selected section
heading.
Table of Contents Dialog Box – Advanced features of Writer
Type Tab: is active by default after opening the Table of Contents, Entries or Bibliography
dialog box.
Entries Tab: contains options to set styles for various entries in the ToC.
Styles Tab: contains options to apply the desired styles to the text of each level in the table
of contents.
1. Click and select the level from the Levels list box.
2. Click and select the desired paragraph style from the Paragraph Styles list box.
3. Click OK button to apply the selected styles.
NOTE: To remove the applied paragraph styling, select the desired level in the Levels list
box, and then click the
Default button
Columns Tab: contains options to set the number of columns that we want to have in our
ToC.
Background Tab: contains options to change the background of the ToC. The current
background color will be displayed in the Active Color window.
1. Right click on ToC and choose Edit index from the drop down menu.
2. Click on background tab from the dialog box.
3. Click the Color button on the top of the dialog box.
4. Select the desired color from the Colors palette. The selected color will appear in the
New color window.
5. Click OK to apply the desired color to the ToC
1. Right click on ToC and choose Edit index from the drop down menu.
2. Click on background tab from the dialog box.
3. Click None button present on the top of the dialog box.
1. Right click on ToC and choose Edit index from the drop down menu.
2. Click on background tab from the dialog box.
3. Click on Bitmap button in the Background tab of the dialog box.
4. Select the desired graphic option and click OK button.
1. Right click on ToC and choose Update index from the drop down menu.
2. Writer updates the ToC so as to reflect any changes made in the document into ToC
Template
A template in the context of this textbook refers to a preset layout used to create documents
with a consistent format.
Click on File > Properties and see the template name under Template caption in the
Property dialog box
Creating a Template
1. From main menu bar of LibreOffice Writer, select File > Templates > Manage
Templates.
2. Templates dialog box will be displayed.
3. Click on “Browse Online Templates” icon which is in the lower left corner of dialog
box.
4. The official templates page of OpenOffice Writer
(https://extensions.libreoffice.org/templates) will open.
1. Download the desired template and save it on your computer.
2. Open LibreOffice Writer.
3. Click File > Templates > Open Template…
4. From the Open dialog box, browse for the downloaded template and click on
Open button.
5. The template file will open.
6. Make the desired changes in the content or appearance.
7. Save the file as text file.
Importing a Template
After downloading the template, it is possible to import it so that it is visible in the list of
templates in the Templates dialog box
Steps to import the template are:
Editing a Template
Exporting a Template:
Exporting a template allows us to save the template file to a desired folder. This is useful
for sharing templates with multiple users, as it creates a copy of the template file that can
be transferred or sent to others.
To view the Track Changes toolbar, from main menu bar, select View > Toolbars > Track
Changes
1. View Track Changes – Clicking on this button displays all the changes made in the
document by different users.
2. Record Track Changes – Clicking on this button, turns on the Track Changes
feature. Any character added to the document will be displayed in a different color
and any deletion done will be seen in strike-through.
3. Previous Track Changes/Next Track Changes – Click on these buttons to navigate
between the changes made.
4. Accept All Track Changes button will accept all the changes made to the document.
5. Reject/Reject All Track Changes – This button helps to reject a single change or all
changes made to the document.
6. Manage Track Changes – This button shows a detailed list of all changes made to
the document along with the author’s name and date and time of modification.
7. Insert Comment – This button is used to add a comment in a document.
Track Changes feature is used when a document is shared with one or more users. So,
before sharing a document, one should make sure that the changes made should be
recorded for review or editing purposes. For that, select Edit > Track Changes Record
option. Alternatively, select the Record button from the Track Changes toolbar.
We can protect the document with password so that no user can disable the track changes
option. Follow the
following steps for the same
1. Create a new document in LibreOffice Writer. From the main menu, select Edit >
Track Changes > Protect option.
2. Enter the same password in Password and confirm text box and click on OK button.
Recording Changes
Click Edit > Track Changes > Record option. Alternatively select Record button from the
toolbar. The shortcut key to start recording the changes is Ctrl+Shift+C.
Once the Record option is selected, the Track Changes feature is ON. Now, any character
being deleted will be shown as strike through text and any character added will be shown
in different colour.
To stop recording, deselect the record option by selecting Edit > Track Changes > Record
or click the Record button on the toolbar.
1. Click on the change made and then select Accept Track Change /Reject Track
Change button.
2. To navigate between the changes made to the document click Previous Track
Changes and Next Track Changes buttons.
3. To accept or reject all the changes made, select Accept All Tracked Changes / Reject
All Tracked Changes button respectively
If Manage Track Changes button is clicked, a Manage Changes dialog box appears. It
contains the details of all the changes made in the document. The dialog box contains
buttons to accept and reject changes as well
Adding Comments
1. Click Insert Comment button on the Track Changes toolbar. A comment box will
appear.
2. Type the comment.
3. Once done click anywhere on the document to activate it.
comments added by different users will be shown in different coloured comment boxes.
Deleting Comments
To delete any comment, click on the down arrow of the comment box. A popup menu will
be displayed which shows the option to delete only the current comment, all comments by a
particular author and to delete all comments. Select the desired option.
Comparing Documents
1. A Table of Contents (ToC) contains a list of topics and subtopics that have been covered
in the book along with page numbers.
2. A ToC in Writer allows to insert an automated table of contents in a document.
3. The contents in the ToC are hyperlinked in the table.
4. LibreOffice Writer supports up to 10 levels of headings H1 to H10.
5. To insert a ToC, select Insert > Table of Contents and Index > Table of Contents, Index
or Bibliography.
6. To add a graphic as a background of the ToC, select the Bitmap button in the
Background tab of the
Table of Contents, Index or Bibliography dialog box.