FIELD STUDY 1 LEARNING Understanding the School Curriculum

EPISODE Close Encounter with the School

Curriculum
FS 1 8

SPARK Your Interest

Formal education begins in school. Schools are institutions established learning activities appropriate for
each learner in each grade level. Thus, schools have recommended curriculum which is the enhanced K to 12
curriculum. The recommended curriculum was translated into a written curriculum like books, modules, teachers'
guides and lesson plans which are the basis of the taught curriculum. A teacher who implements the curricula needs
support materials (support curriculum) to enhance teaching and learning so that the written and the taught curriculum
can be assessed (assessed curriculum) in order to determine if learning took place (learned curriculum). However,
there are so many activities that happen in schools but are not deliberately planned. This refers to the hidden
curriculum.

A classroom teacher plans, implements and evaluates school learning activities by preparing a miniscule
curriculum called a lesson plan or a learning plan. The teacher then puts life to a lesson plan by using it as a guide in
the teaching-learning process where different strategies can be used to achieve the learning objectives or outcomes.
There are many styles of writing a lesson plan, but the necessary parts or elements such as (a) Learning Outcomes
(b) Subject Matter (c) Teaching-Learning Strategies, and (d) Evaluation or Assessment should always be included.

All of these elements should be aligned so that at the end of the teaching-learning episode learning will be
achieved with the classroom teacher as a guide.

TARGET Your Intended Learning Outcomes

At the end of this Episode, I must be able to:
⮚ identify the different curricula that prevail in the school setting:

⮚ describe how the teacher manages the school curriculum by planning implementing, lessons through
different strategies and assessment of learning outcomes; and
⮚ Analyze if the teacher aligns the objectives to subject matter, to teaching assessment.

REVISIT the Learning Essentials

School Curriculum: What is this about?

From a broad perspective, curriculum is defined as the total learning process and outcomes in lifelong
learning. However, school curriculum in this course limits such definition of total earning outcomes to a specific
learning space called school. Schools are formal Institutions of learning where the two major stakeholders are the
learners and the teachers.

Basic education in the Philippines is under the Department of Education or DepEd and the recommended
curriculum is the K-12 or Enhanced Basic Education Curricula of 2013. All basic education schools offering
kindergarten (K) elementary (Grades 1 to 6) and Secondary (Grades 7-10, Junior High School and Grades 11 to 12,
Senior High School) adhere to this national curriculum as a guide in the implementation of the formal education for K
to 12.

What are the salient features of the K to12 Curriculum? Here are the features. It is a curriculum that:

1. strengthens the early childhood education with the use of the mother tongue.
2. makes the curriculum relevant to the learners. The use of contextualized lessons and addition of issues like
disaster preparedness, climate change and information and communication technology (ICT) are included in the
curriculum. Thus, in-depth knowledge, skills and values, attitude through continuity and consistency across every
level and subject.
3. builds skills in literacy. With the use of Mother Tongue as the main language in studying and learning tools from K
to Grade 3, learners will become ready for higher level skills.
4. ensures unified and seamless learning. The curriculum is designed in a spiral progression where the students
learn first the basic concepts, while they study the complex ones in the next grade level. The progression of topics
matches with the developmental and cognitive skills. This process strengthens the mastery and retention.
5. gears up for the future. It is expected that those who finish basic education in Grade 12 will be ready for college or
tech voc careers. Their choice of careers will be defined when they go to Grade 11 and 12.
6. nurtures a fully developed youth. Beyond the K to 12 graduate the learner will be ready to embark on different
career paths for a lifetime.

You will that a school curriculum is of many types for the Kindergarten to Grade 12 in the country.

● The enhanced curriculum K to 12 curriculum is the Recommended Curriculum. It is to be used nationwide

as mandated by Republic Act 10533,
● When the curriculum writers began to write the content and competency standards of the K to 12 Curriculum
it became a Written Curriculum. It reflects the substance of RA 105333 or the Enhanced Basic Education
Act of 2013. In the teacher's class it is the lesson plan. A lesson plan is a written curriculum in miniscule.
● What has been written in a lesson plan has to be implemented. It is putting life to the written curriculum,
which is referred to as the Taught Curriculum. The guidance of the teacher is very crucial.

● A curriculum that has been planned, and taught needs materials, objects, gadgets, laboratory and many
more that will help the teacher implement the curriculum. This is referred to as the Supported Curriculum.
● In order to find out if the teacher has succeeded in implementing the lesson plan, an assessment shall be
made. It can be done in the middle or end of the lesson. The curriculum is now called the Assessed
Curriculum.
● The result of the assessment when successful is termed as Learned Curriculum, Learned curriculum
whether small or big indicates accomplishment of learning outcomes.
● However, there are unplanned curriculum in schools. These are not written, nor deliberately taught but they
influence learning. These include peer influence, the media, school environment, the culture and tradition,
natural calamities and many more. This curriculum is called Hidden Curriculum or Implicit Curriculum.
So what will be the roles and responsibilities of the teacher in the relations with the school curriculum, specifically in
the K to 12 or the enhanced curriculum for basic education? Teachers then should be multi-talented professionals
who:
• know and understand the curriculum as enumerated above;
• write the curriculum to be taught;
• plan the curriculum to be implemented;
• initiate the curriculum which is being introduced;
• innovate the curriculum to make it current and updated;
• implement the curriculum that has been written and planned; and
• evaluate the written, planned and learned curriculum.

OBSERVE, ANALYZE, REFLECT

Activity 8.1 Curricula in the School Setting

It’s time to look around. Discover what curriculum is operating in the school setting. Recall the types of curriculum
mentioned earlier. Can you spot where these are found? Let’s do a hunting game!

1. Locate where you can find the following curriculum in the school setting. Secure a copy, make observations of the
process and record your information in the matrix below. Describe your observations.

Type of Curriculum Where Found Description

Basic Education, K-12 Curriculum, Recommended Curriculum is a

Matatag Curriculum curriculum that is recommended by
1. Recommended Curriculum (K to scholars and professional
12 Guidelines) organization. It is mandated by the
Republic Act 10533.

Syllabi, Books, Instructional Guides, Written Curriculum is created at

Modules, and Lesson Plan. national level and educational
2. Written Curriculum (Teacher’s content. When the writer wrote the
Lesson Plan) content of the recommended
curriculum, that is called a written
curriculum.

The basis of the taught curriculum Taught curriculum is the

are teacher’s guide, lesson plan and implementation of the written
3. Taught Curriculum (Teaching modules. curriculum.
Learning Process)

Teacher’s materials such as books, Supported Curriculum are materials

modules, television, PowerPoint that were used to help the teacher
4. Supported Curriculum (Subject presentation and visual aids. implement the curriculum.
textbook)
 Quizzes, Teacher's test and Learned Curriculum is done at the
quarterly examination. end or middle of the discussion to
5. Assessed Curriculum assess the student’s learning.
(Assessment Process)

Learning outcomes achieved. Learned curriculum is done to

determine whether the learning took
6. Learned Curriculum (Achieved place.
Learning Outcomes)

Monthly mass, Science Culminating Hidden Curriculum were activities

Activity and Acquaintance Party. that happened in school that were
7. Hidden Curriculum (Media) not planned.

ANALYZE

Which of the seven types curriculum in the school setting is easy to find? Why?

Among the seven types of curriculum, the curriculums that were easy to find are recommend curriculum, supported
curriculum, and written curriculum. Because these curriculum were already given in the school setting.

Which is difficult to observe? Why?

Among the seven types of curriculum, hidden curriculum is hard to find. Because it is not well-planned and is not
applied in the school setting consistently.

Are these all found in the school setting? How do curricula relate to one another?

Yes. These curriculum are related to one another through establishing learning activities appropriately for each
learner. All of these are related to one another through achieving learning outcomes.

Draw a diagram to show the relationship of one curriculum to the other.

REFLECT

Make a reflection on the diagram that you have drawn.

This diagram shows the relationship of one curriculum to one another. This diagram includes recommended
curriculum, written curriculum, taught curriculum, supported curriculum, assessed curriculum, learned curriculum, and
hidden curriculum. Through this diagram, I ensure that the teaching-learning process will be establish properly.

This diagram would also make the curriculum relevant to the learners and ensure seamless learning.

OBSERVE

This activity requires a full lesson observation from Motivation to Assessment.

Procedure:

1. Secure permit to observe one complete lesson in a particular subject, in a particular grade/year level.
2. Keep a close watch on the different components of the miniscule curriculum: the lesson
 3. Follow the three major components of a curriculum (Planning, Implementing and Evaluating/Assessing).
Observe and record your observation.

Observe and Record Observation on the Following Aspects

Major Curriculum Key Guide for Observation (Carefully look for the indicators/behavior of the
teacher along the key points. Write your observation and description in your
Components notebook).

A. Planning 1. Borrow the teacher’s lesson plan for the day. What major parts do you
see? Request a copy for your use.

Answer the following questions:

a) What are the lesson objectives/learning outcomes?

b) What are included in the subject matter?
c) What procedure or method will the teacher use to implement the
plan?
d) Will the teacher assess or evaluate the lesson? How will this be
done?

B. Implementing Now it’s time to observe how the teacher implemented the prepared lesson
plan. Observe closely the procedure.

a) How did the teacher begin the lesson?

b) What procedure or steps were followed?
c) How did the teacher engage the learners?
d) Was the teacher a guide at the side?
e) Were the learners on task?/Or were they participating in the class
activity?
f) Was the lesson finished within the class period?

C. Evaluating/Assessing Did learning occur in the lesson taught? Here you make observations to find
evidence of learning.

a) Were the objectives as learned outcomes achieved?

b) How did the teacher assess/evaluate it?
c) What evidence was shown? Get piece of evidence?

ANALYZE

Write a paragraph based on the data you gathered using these questions?

1. How does the teacher whom you observed compare to the

competencies of global quality teachers?
The teacher that I observed inspire and motivate learners; encourage critical thinking and creativity; served as a
mother figure of the class and acknowledge the potential of every student. Through these characteristics, I can say
that she possessed competencies of a global quality teacher.

2. Was the lesson implemented as planned? Describe.

Yes. Because the teacher delivered the lesson successfully and she managed the class effectively.

3. Can you describe the disposition of the teacher after the lesson was taught? Happy and
eager? Satisfied and contented? Disappointed and exhausted?

The teacher was happy and satisfied after the lesson was taught. Because she used strategies to deliver her lesson
effectively and to encourage students to participate in class activities.

4. Can you describe the majority of students' reactions after the lesson was taught? Confused?
Happy and eager? Contented? No reactions at all

Majority of the students were happy and motivated to learn. Because the teacher did all her best to encourage
learners to cooperate in class discussion.

REFLECT

Based on your observations and tasks in Activity 2 how will you prepare your lesson plan? Make a short paragraph
on the topic.

Based on my observation, I will prepare my lesson plan through setting my intended learning outcomes and make
sure that these are constructively aligned to the considered elements such as preparatory activities, recapitulation,
motivation, lesson proper, application, generalization, evaluation and assignment when making my lesson plan.
Through this preparation, I will ensure that my lesson plan will be implemented successfully.

Activity 8.3 Constructive Alignment of the Components of a Lesson Plan

OBSERVE

Using the diagram below fill up the component parts of a lesson plan
I. Title of the Lesson: Solving Polynomials Using Synthetic Division
II. Subject area: Mathematics
III. Grade Level: 10
 Assessment
Outcomes Teaching Method

The teacher will show a

video clip about the step
At the end of this lesson, the by step process of solving
students should be able to: polynomial using synthetic
division. Then she will
Identif group the class into five
y the steps on groups to solve the given
how to solve problems on the board
polynomials using the step by step
using
synthetic procedure of solving Direction: On a one whole
division; polynomials using sheet of paper, solve the
synthetic division polynomial using the
Solve synthetic division.
polynomials
using
synthetic
division; and

Show
active
participation
in performing
the activities.

ANALYZE

Answer the following questions based on the diagram.

1. Are the three components constructively aligned? Explain.

Yes. Because the three components begin with the intended learning outcomes, use an effective teaching methods
and ends with assessing the learning of the students.
2. Will the outcomes be achieved with the teaching methods used? Why?

Yes. Because the video presentation will guide the students to solve polynomial using the step by step process of
synthetic division and the group activity will enable students to collaborate with their classmates to solve the problem.

3. What component would tell if the outcomes have been achieved?

The score of the learners will indicate whether the outcomes have been achieved or not. If the learner get the
passing score, then the learning outcomes have been achieved. On the another hand, if the learners get low scores,
then the learning outcomes are not achieved.

REFLECT

What lessons have you learned in developing or writing a lesson plan?

To develop a lesson plan, I learned that it is needed to be constructively aligned to the learning outcomes,
information must be clear to attain the intended result and evaluate the learning of students.

What value will it give to the teacher if the three components are aligned?

If the three components were aligned, then the teacher will be successful in teaching her lesson and achieved the
intended learning outcome that will make her an effective teacher.

SHOW Your Learning Artifacts

Learning Artifacts for Activity 1-3

Present an artifact for Activity 1, 2, and 3.

Activity 1 Artifact
1. Present evidence for each kind of curriculum operating in the school setting. This can be in pictures, realia,
documents or others.

1. Recommended Curriculum
2. Written Curriculum

3. Taught Curriculum

4. Support Curriculum

5. Learned Curriculum
 6. Assessed Curriculum

7. Hidden Curriculum

Activity 2: Artifact
1. Present a sample curriculum in a form of Lesson Plan
a. Example:

Lesson Title: Illustrating Polynomial Functions

Subject Area: Mathematics
Grade Level:10

Lesson Teaching Evaluation

Outcomes: Methods:

At the end of this The teacher On a ½ sheet of paper, do the following:

lesson, the presented a
students should video
be able to presentation 2 3
1. f (x)=3 x +2 x + x +2
illustrate about the
polynomial step by step 2. f ( x )=4 x 4 +2 x 5+ x+1
functions process of
illustrating
polynomial Polynomia Polynomial Type Leading Leading Degre Constant
functions. l Functions functions Term Coefficient e Term
in
standard
Then, the form
teacher
1.
grouped the
class to 2.
create a
short
presentation
about
illustrating
polynomial
functions.
Evaluate Your Work Task Field Study 1, Episode 6 – Classroom Management and Classroom Routines
Learning Outcome: Identify the classroom routines set by the teacher; and Observe how the students execute the various classroom routines.

Name of FS Student: _____________________________________________________ Date Submitted:

______________________________

Year & Section: ____________________________________________________ Course:

__________________________________________

Learning Episode Excellent Very Satisfactory Satisfactory Needs Improvement

4 3 2 1

Accomplished All observation One (1) to two (2) Three (3) observation Four (4) or more
Observation Sheet questions/tasks/completel observation questions/tasks not observation
y answered/accomplished. questions/tasks not answered / questions/tasks not
answered / accomplished. answered /
accomplished. accomplished.

Analysis All questions were All questions were Questions were not Four (4) or more
answered completely; answered completely; answered completely; observation questions
answers were with depth answers are clearly answers are not clearly were not answered;
and are thoroughly connected to theories; connected to theories; answers not connected
grounded theories; grammar and spelling one (1) to three (3) to theories; more than
grammar and spelling are are free from errors. grammatical / spelling four (4)
free from error. errors. grammatical/spelling
errors.

Reflection Profound and clear; Clear but lacks depth; Not so clear and Unclear and shallow;
supported by what were supported by what were shallow; somewhat rarely supported by what
observed and analyzed. observed and analyzed. supported by what were were observed and
observed and analyzed analyzed

Learning Artifacts Portfolio is reflected on in Portfolio is reflected on Portfolio is not reflected Portfolio is not reflected
 the context of the learning in the context of the on in context of the on in context of the
outcomes; Complete, well- learning outcomes. learning outcomes. learning outcomes; not
organized, highly relevant Complete; well Complete; not complete; not organized,
to the learning outcome organized, very relevant organized, relevant to not relevant
to the learning outcome the learning outcome

Submission Submitted before the Submitted on the Submitted a day after Submitted two (2) days
deadline deadline the deadline after the deadline

COMMENT/S: Rating:

Over-all Score (Based on

transmutation)

TRANSMUTATION OF SCORE TO GRADE/RATING

Score 20 19-18 17 16 15 14 13-12 11 10 9-8 7-Below

Grade 1.0 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.5 5.00

99 96 93 90 87 84 81 78 75 72 71-Below

_____________________________________ _________________________
Signature of FS Teacher above Printed Name Date

LINK Theory to Practice

Choose the correct answer from the options given.

1. When we say school curriculum it refers only to the K to 12 curriculum.

A. This statement is true.

B. This statement is not true.
C. This statement is half true.
D. This statement is silly.
Answer: B
2. A professional teacher should possess the following skills to address the need for a curricularist EXCEPT one.
Which one is NOT?

A. Knower of the curriculum

B. Believer of the curriculum
C. Implementer of the curriculum
D. Writer of the curriculum.
Answer: B

3. The influence of multimedia, peers, community tradition, advancement in technology, though not deliberately
taught in the lesson, will influence the curriculum. This is referred to as _______.

A. written curriculum
B. recommended curriculum
C. implemented curriculum
D. hidden Curriculum
Answer: D

4. Which two components of the lesson plan (as a miniscule curriculum) should be aligned?

I. Outcomes and Assessment

II. Assessment and Teaching Methods
III. Outcomes and Teaching Methods

A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. I, II and III
Answer: D

5. What is the most important reason why there should be constructive alignment components of the curriculum?

A. For ease of correcting by the school principal.

B. To assure that each component contributes to the attainment of the learning outcomes.
C. As a required template when starting to write a lesson plan.
D. As a model of other lesson plans written and published.
Answer: B