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Microcontrollers_Test_Answers

Microcontroller test answers

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4 views

Microcontrollers_Test_Answers

Microcontroller test answers

Uploaded by

charan01052003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Microcontrollers - Internal Assessment Test I

Q1 (a): Differentiate between Microprocessors and Microcontrollers

Microprocessors:

1. Used in general-purpose systems like computers.

2. Needs external memory and peripherals for operation.

3. Typically used in high-end computing applications.

Microcontrollers:

1. Designed for specific applications with built-in memory and I/O.

2. Contains CPU, RAM, ROM, and peripherals on a single chip.

3. Used in embedded systems like automation, appliances, and automotive.

Q1 (b): 8051 Microcontroller Architecture

The 8051 microcontroller consists of:

- 8-bit CPU

- 4K ROM, 128 bytes RAM

- 32 I/O pins, timers, serial communication

- External memory interfacing

[Diagram should be included manually]

Q1 (c): Short Note on Embedded System

An embedded system is a dedicated computing system designed for specific tasks.

It consists of hardware (microcontrollers, sensors) and software (firmware).

Examples: Washing machines, ATMs, medical devices.

Q2 (a): Internal Memory Organization of 8051


The 8051 has:

- 128 bytes of RAM (divided into register banks, bit-addressable, and general-purpose memory).

- 4K ROM for program storage.

- Special function registers (SFR) for peripheral control.

Q2 (b): 8051 Microcontroller Port Pin Functions

8051 has four ports (P0, P1, P2, P3):

- P0: Dual-purpose, used as AD0-AD7 for external memory.

- P1: General-purpose I/O.

- P2: Used for high-order address bus in external memory.

- P3: Special function pins (serial, interrupts, read/write control).

Q3 (a): Addressing Modes of 8051

1. Bit Direct: Directly accesses bit-addressable memory (Ex: SETB P1.0).

2. Absolute: Uses direct memory addresses (Ex: MOV A, 30H).

3. Register: Uses registers (Ex: MOV A, R1).

4. Indirect: Uses a register to point to memory (Ex: MOV A, @R0).

Q3 (b): Arithmetic Instructions of 8051

Examples:

- ADD A, R1 (Adds R1 to A)

- SUBB A, R2 (Subtracts R2 from A)

- INC R0 (Increments R0 by 1)

- DEC A (Decrements A by 1)

Q4 (a): Data Transfer Instructions

Examples:

1. MOV A, R1 - Moves data from R1 to A.

2. MOVX A, @DPTR - Moves external data to A.


3. PUSH 30H - Pushes data onto stack.

4. POP 40H - Pops data from stack.

Q4 (b): Immediate, Direct, and Indexed Addressing in 8051

1. Immediate: MOV A, #30H (Loads immediate value).

2. Direct: MOV A, 40H (Accesses direct memory).

3. Indexed: MOVC A, @A+DPTR (Accesses data using an index).

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