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The document presents assertion-reason questions related to the cell cycle and cell division, providing explanations for each assertion and its corresponding reason. It discusses key concepts such as DNA synthesis, the nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio, the nature of mitosis, and the differences between meiosis and mitosis. Each question is followed by the correct answer and a detailed explanation of the underlying biological principles.

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5 views2 pages

Selfstudys Com File (18)

The document presents assertion-reason questions related to the cell cycle and cell division, providing explanations for each assertion and its corresponding reason. It discusses key concepts such as DNA synthesis, the nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio, the nature of mitosis, and the differences between meiosis and mitosis. Each question is followed by the correct answer and a detailed explanation of the underlying biological principles.

Uploaded by

sankeshwaripranav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Assertion Reason Questions


Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Select
the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

1. Assertion (A): Synthesis of DNA occurs in S phase of cell cycle.


Reason (R): While the synthesis of DNA completed in the G₁ and G₂ stages of cell cycle.

Ans. (c) A is true but R is false.


Explanation: DNA synthesis is done only in the S phase of interphase, which is followed
by two "gap" periods of interphase (G1 and G2) during which no DNA synthesis occurs.
The time between the end of mitosis and the beginning of DNA synthesis is known as G1.
S stands for DNA synthesis, while G₂ stands for the period between the completion of
DNA synthesis and the beginning of mitosis. In S phase, a cell contains double the
amount of DNA as compared to what is found in the diploid cell during G1.

2. Assertion (A): The ratio between the nucleus and the cytoplasm is disrupted as a
result of cell growth.
Reason (R): Mitosis aids in the restoration of the nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio in the cell.

Ans. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Mitosis is the process by which a multicellular organism grows. The cell's
functions are controlled by the nucleus. During cell growth, the nucleus does not vary in
size, but the cytoplasm does. The nucleo- cytoplasmic ratio is disrupted as the size of the
cell increases. Through cell division, this ratio is restored to an efficient level.

3. Assertion (A): Mitosis is also known as indirect division.


Reason (R): Mitosis is the process through which a parent cell divides into two daughter
cells.
Ans. (b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Mitosis is frequently referred to as an indirect division. It is a process for
dividing nuclei into equal parts. It is a complicated procedure that involves a number of
significant changes in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. As a result, it is known as the
indirect way of division.

4. Assertion (A): Daughter somatic cells formed by mitosis are genetically similar to the
parental cell. do not
Reason (R): Chromosomes undergo crossing over in mitosis.

Ans. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: In the process of mitosis, one cell divides into two, with each receiving the
same quantity of DNA as the original cell. During mitosis, homologous chromosome
pairing does not take place. However, during meiosis, homologous chromosomes couple
up and exchange chromosomal segments at their locations of intersection.

5. Assertion (A): Meiosis II is similar to mitosis.


Reason (R): Meiosis I cannot occur in haploid cells.

Ans. (b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: (1) Despite the similarities between meiosis II and mitosis, meiosis II is not
mitosis because it always takes place in haploid cells.
(2) DNA replication is not performed prior to meiosis II.
(3) The two chromatids of a chromosome are frequently dissimilar.
(4) The daughter cells produced following meiosis II are neither similar to the parent cell
nor to each other.

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