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Core Extensions for postgresql Performance Tuning

The document outlines various PostgreSQL extensions for performance tuning, monitoring, and diagnostics, including their purposes, usage, and setup instructions. Key extensions include pg_stat_statements for query statistics, pg_wait_sampling for identifying bottlenecks, and auto_explain for logging execution plans. Additionally, it covers advanced optimization tools like pg_hint_plan and pg_bigm, as well as visualization options such as timescaledb.

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Printesh Patel
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1 views

Core Extensions for postgresql Performance Tuning

The document outlines various PostgreSQL extensions for performance tuning, monitoring, and diagnostics, including their purposes, usage, and setup instructions. Key extensions include pg_stat_statements for query statistics, pg_wait_sampling for identifying bottlenecks, and auto_explain for logging execution plans. Additionally, it covers advanced optimization tools like pg_hint_plan and pg_bigm, as well as visualization options such as timescaledb.

Uploaded by

Printesh Patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Core Extensions for Performance Tuning

1. pg_stat_statements
o Purpose: Tracks execution statistics of queries.
o Usage: Identifies slow or frequently executed queries for optimization.
o Setup: Add to shared_preload_libraries.

CREATE EXTENSION pg_stat_statements;

2. pg_stat_kcache
o Purpose: Provides OS-level statistics (e.g., CPU and I/O usage) for queries.
o Usage: Offers deeper insights into resource consumption.
o Setup: Requires pg_stat_statements to be enabled.

CREATE EXTENSION pg_stat_kcache;

3. pg_wait_sampling
o Purpose: Samples wait events to identify database bottlenecks.
o Usage: Useful for diagnosing lock contention, I/O waits, and more.
o Setup: Add to shared_preload_libraries.

CREATE EXTENSION pg_wait_sampling;

4. auto_explain
o Purpose: Automatically logs execution plans for slow queries.
o Usage: Diagnoses query planning issues for performance optimization.
o Setup: Configured in postgre.conf.

CREATE EXTENSION auto_explain;

5. hypopg
o Purpose: Allows the creation of hypothetical indexes to evaluate their impact
without actually creating them.
o Usage: Index tuning and optimization.
o Setup:

CREATE EXTENSION hypopg;

Example usage:

Internal
SELECT * FROM hypopg_create_index('CREATE INDEX ON my_table (my_column)');

Monitoring and Diagnostics

6. pg_buffercache
o Purpose: Displays the contents of the shared buffer pool.
o Usage: Identifies how much of your data resides in memory vs. disk.
o Setup:

CREATE EXTENSION pg_buffercache;

Query example:

SELECT * FROM pg_buffercache;

7. pg_cron
o Purpose: Schedules periodic tasks like VACUUM or ANALYZE.
o Usage: Automates maintenance tasks.

CREATE EXTENSION pg_cron;

8. pg_repack
o Purpose: Reorganizes tables and indexes to remove bloat without locking them.
o Usage: Reduces table and index bloat while maintaining availability.

Installation may require external tools.

9. plpg_check
o Purpose: Performs static analysis of PL/pg functions.
o Usage: Identifies inefficiencies and errors in stored procedures.

CREATE EXTENSION plpg_check;

10. pg_sentinel
o Purpose: Provides session-level statistics.
o Usage: Tracks session activity and transaction details for analysis.

CREATE EXTENSION pg_sentinel;

Internal
Advanced Optimization Extensions

11. pg_hint_plan
o Purpose: Allows users to add hints to queries to influence the query planner.
o Usage: Optimizes complex queries where the default planner may choose
suboptimal plans.

CREATE EXTENSION pg_hint_plan;

12. pg_stat_plans
o Purpose: Captures and analyzes query execution plans over time.
o Usage: Identifies query plan changes that impact performance.

CREATE EXTENSION pg_stat_plans;

13. pg_stat_io
o Purpose: Tracks I/O usage at the query and table level.
o Usage: Analyzes I/O bottlenecks in the system.

CREATE EXTENSION pg_stat_io;

14. pg_bigm
o Purpose: Enables fast full-text search with bigram indexing.
o Usage: Speeds up text search operations.

CREATE EXTENSION pg_bigm;

15. pg_prewarm
o Purpose: Preloads tables or indexes into memory at startup or on demand.
o Usage: Improves performance for frequently accessed data.

CREATE EXTENSION pg_prewarm;

Visualization and Insights

16. timescaledb
o Purpose: Optimizes Postgre for time-series data.
o Usage: Enhances performance for time-series workloads.

Internal
CREATE EXTENSION timescaledb;

17. pg_stat_activity (built-in view)


o Purpose: Monitors active queries and their statuses.
o Usage: Identifies long-running queries.

Extensions Summary

Extension Purpose Use Case


pg_stat_statements Query performance statistics Identifying slow queries
pg_stat_kcache OS-level stats Resource consumption analysis
pg_wait_sampling Wait event tracking Bottleneck identification
auto_explain Execution plan logging Query planning optimization
hypopg Hypothetical indexes Index tuning
pg_buffercache Shared buffer analysis Memory usage monitoring
pg_cron Task scheduling Automating maintenance tasks
pg_repack Table/index reorganization Reducing bloat
pg_hint_plan Query planner hints Fine-tuning query plans
pg_prewarm Preloading tables into memory Data preloading

Internal

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