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The document outlines the history of print culture, starting from its origins in China and Japan to its evolution in Europe with the invention of the printing press by Johann Gutenberg. It highlights the impact of print on religious reforms, the Enlightenment, and the French Revolution, emphasizing how it facilitated the spread of ideas and public opinion. The 19th century saw further advancements with the Industrial Revolution, leading to the mass production of various printed materials.

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sst ch-5

The document outlines the history of print culture, starting from its origins in China and Japan to its evolution in Europe with the invention of the printing press by Johann Gutenberg. It highlights the impact of print on religious reforms, the Enlightenment, and the French Revolution, emphasizing how it facilitated the spread of ideas and public opinion. The 19th century saw further advancements with the Industrial Revolution, leading to the mass production of various printed materials.

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vidhisachdev08
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Print Culture and the Modern World – CBSE Class 10 History Notes

I. The First Printed Books

1. Print in China

 China was the first to develop printing technology.

 Around 594 AD, printing was done by hand using woodblocks.

 By the 16th century, woodblock printing was common in China.

 Printed materials included textbooks for civil service exams.

 Merchants began publishing novels and stories in Shanghai by the 17th century.

 Urban culture grew, and print culture helped in spreading ideas among people.

2. Print in Japan

 Introduced by Buddhist monks around 768 AD.

 Oldest known printed book: Diamond Sutra (868 AD).

 Luxury editions of books were printed on paper with beautiful illustrations.

 Popular genres: fiction, poetry, autobiographies, and women’s instructional manuals.

II. Print in Europe

1. Before the Printing Press

 Until the 15th century, books were manually copied and were expensive.

 Manuscripts were fragile, time-consuming, and costly to produce.

2. Invention of the Printing Press

 Johann Gutenberg (1430s, Germany) invented the movable-type printing press.

 His first major work: Bible (printed in 1455).

 Gutenberg’s press used metal letters, making printing faster and more efficient.

3. Rapid Spread of Printing

 By 1500, more than 20 million books were printed in Europe.

 By 1600, 200 million books were in circulation.


 Books became cheaper and helped spread Renaissance ideas.

III. Print and Religious Reforms

1. Protestant Reformation

 Martin Luther printed his 95 Theses criticizing the Catholic Church.

 His ideas spread quickly through printed pamphlets.

 Bible was translated into vernacular languages (local languages), making it accessible to
common people.

2. Debates and Criticism

 Print created a platform for debates.

 Religious authorities feared print because it challenged traditional ideas.

IV. Print and the Enlightenment

 Thinkers like Voltaire and Rousseau used print to spread their ideas.

 Ideas of freedom, equality, and democracy spread through books and pamphlets.

 Scientific discoveries and rational thinking became more popular.

V. Print and the French Revolution

 Print helped in creating a public opinion.

 Pamphlets and newspapers spread revolutionary ideas of liberty and equality.

 Criticisms of the monarchy and the Church were published, influencing the revolution.

VI. The Nineteenth Century and New Forms of Print

1. Industrial Revolution

 Printing became faster and cheaper.

 Books were produced in large numbers.

2. New Forms of Print

 Children’s books, novels, and newspapers became popular.


 Magazines and journals were published for all sections of society.

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