Project: 108 MW Captive Power Plant

Client: Shri Girija Alloy and Power (I) Private Limited

Document: Knee point voltage calculation
Document No.: 4-3614-ELCT-025, Rev-00

Generator Transformer :
Rating = 50000.00 kVA
Primary voltage = 220.00 kV
Secondary Voltage = 11.00 kV
Impedance = 15.00 %

Rated primary current = 131.22 Amps

Rated secondary current = 2624.32 Amps

Through fault current = Reciprocal of the Impedance * Rated current

6.67

Through fault current at primary = 874.77

Through fault current at secondary = ###

Unit ratio transformer :

Rating = 25000.00 kVA
Primary voltage = 11.50 kV
Secondary Voltage = 11.00 kV
Impedance = 10.00 %

Rated primary current = 1255.11 Amps

Rated secondary current = 1312.16 Amps

Through fault current = Reciprocal of the Impedance * Rated current

10.00

Through fault current at primary = ###

Through fault current at secondary = ###

Unit transformer :
Rating = 10000.00 kVA
Primary voltage = 11.00 kV
Secondary Voltage = 6.60 kV
Impedance = 8.35 %

Rated primary current = 524.86 Amps

Rated secondary current = 874.77 Amps

Consultant:
Snyder Energo Pvt. Ltd. Page 1 of 19
Bangalore and Chennai
Project: 108 MW Captive Power Plant
Client: Shri Girija Alloy and Power (I) Private Limited
Document: Knee point voltage calculation
Document No.: 4-3614-ELCT-025, Rev-00

Through fault current = Reciprocal of the Impedance * Rated current

11.98

Through fault current at primary = 6285.79

Through fault current at secondary = ###

Station transformer :
Rating = 10000.00 kVA
Primary voltage = 11.00 kV
Secondary Voltage = 6.60 kV
Impedance = 8.35 %

Rated primary current = 524.86 Amps

Rated secondary current = 874.77 Amps

Through fault current = Reciprocal of the Impedance * Rated current

11.98

Through fault current at primary = 6285.79

Through fault current at secondary = ###

Unit auxiliary transformer :

Rating = 2500.00 kVA
Primary voltage = 6.60 kV
Secondary Voltage = 0.42 kV
Impedance = 6.25 %

Rated primary current = 218.69 Amps

Rated secondary current = 3478.01 Amps

Through fault current = Reciprocal of the Impedance * Rated current

16.00

Through fault current at primary = 3499.09

Through fault current at secondary = ###

CHP service transformer :

Consultant:
Snyder Energo Pvt. Ltd. Page 2 of 19
Bangalore and Chennai
Project: 108 MW Captive Power Plant
Client: Shri Girija Alloy and Power (I) Private Limited
Document: Knee point voltage calculation
Document No.: 4-3614-ELCT-025, Rev-00

Rating = 1500.00 kVA

Primary voltage = 6.60 kV
Secondary Voltage = 0.42 kV
Impedance = 6.25 %

Rated primary current = 131.22 Amps

Rated secondary current = 2086.81 Amps

Through fault current = Reciprocal of the Impedance * Rated current

16.00

Through fault current at primary = 2099.46

Through fault current at secondary = ###

Generator :
Rating = 45000.00 kVA
Rated voltage = 11.00 kV
Impedance (Xd") = 13.85 %

Rated current = 2361.89 Amps

Through fault current = Reciprocal of the Impedance * Rated current

7.22

Through fault current at primary = ###

Consultant:
Snyder Energo Pvt. Ltd. Page 3 of 19
Bangalore and Chennai
Overall differenetial Protection Class PS CT detail :

As PS class CT is selected for protection purpose, there is no need for burden calculation at
rated condition; however it should be ensured that at plant fault level, CT's do not saturate.
Hence the Knee point voltage shall be designed as follows:

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr)

Where,
Vk Knee point voltage of CT
Ktd Transient Dimensioning factor (4 for Transformer & 5 for Generator)
Rct Secondary winding CT resistance at 75 deg C in Ohm
Rl Lead resistance in Ohm
If Through fault current in CT secondary
(Fault current / CT ratio)
Isc/(Ipn/Isn)
Where,
Isc Maximum through fault current in Amps
Isn Rated secondary current of CT in Amps
Ipn Rated primary current of CT in Amps

220kV generator transformer side CT Knee point voltage calculation

Ktd = 4.000 No unit

Isc = 874.773 A
Ipn = 150.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 5.832 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 250.000 meter
Rl = 2.225 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

23.327 * (Rct + 5.450 ) Rct = 6.000
23.328 Rct 127.134 Volts Vk = ### Volts
11kV generator side CT Knee point voltage calculation
Ktd = 5.000 No unit

Isc = ### A
Ipn = 3000.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 5.684 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 100.000 meter
Rl = 0.890 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

28.422 * (Rct + 2.780 ) Rct = 6.000
22.738 Rct 79.014 Volts Vk = ### Volts

6.6kV unit transformer side CT Knee point voltage calculation

Ktd = 4.000 No unit

Isc = ### A
Ipn = 1000.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 10.476 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 100.000 meter
Rl = 0.890 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

41.905 * (Rct + 2.780 ) Rct = 6.000
41.905 Rct 116.497 Volts Vk = ### Volts

11.5kV unit ratio transformer side CT Knee point voltage calculation

Ktd = 4.000 No unit

Isc = ### A
Ipn = 1500.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 8.367 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 250.000 meter
Rl = 2.225 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

33.470 * (Rct + 5.450 ) Rct = 6.000
33.470 Rct 182.409 Volts Vk = ### Volts
Generator Transformer differenetial Protection Class PS CT detail :

As PS class CT is selected for protection purpose, there is no need for burden calculation at
rated condition; however it should be ensured that at plant fault level, CT's do not saturate.
Hence the Knee point voltage shall be designed as follows:

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr)

Where,
Vk Knee point voltage of CT
Ktd Transient Dimensioning factor (4 for Transformer & 5 for Generator)
Rct Secondary winding CT resistance at 75 deg C in Ohm
Rl Lead resistance in Ohm
If Through fault current in CT secondary
(Fault current / CT ratio)
Isc/(Ipn/Isn)
Where,
Isc Maximum through fault current in Amps
Isn Rated secondary current of CT in Amps
Ipn Rated primary current of CT in Amps

220kV side CT Knee point voltage calculation

Ktd = 4.000 No unit

Isc = 874.773 A
Ipn = 300.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 2.916 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 150.000 meter
Rl = 1.335 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

11.664 * (Rct + 3.670 ) Rct = 6.000
11.664 Rct 42.806 Volts Vk = ### Volts
11kV side CT Knee point voltage calculation
Ktd = 4.000 No unit

Isc = ### A
Ipn = 3000.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 5.832 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 250.000 meter
Rl = 2.225 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

23.327 * (Rct + 5.450 ) Rct = 6.000
23.327 Rct 127.134 Volts Vk = ### Volts
Generator Transformer REF Protection Class PS CT detail :

As PS class CT is selected for protection purpose, there is no need for burden calculation at
rated condition; however it should be ensured that at plant fault level, CT's do not saturate.
Hence the Knee point voltage shall be designed as follows:

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr)

Where,
Vk Knee point voltage of CT
Ktd Transient Dimensioning factor (4 for Transformer & 5 for Generator)
Rct Secondary winding CT resistance at 75 deg C in Ohm
Rl Lead resistance in Ohm
If Through fault current in CT secondary
(Fault current / CT ratio)
Isc/(Ipn/Isn)
Where,
Isc Maximum through fault current in Amps
Isn Rated secondary current of CT in Amps
Ipn Rated primary current of CT in Amps

220kV side CT Knee point voltage calculation

Ktd = 4.000 No unit

Isc = 874.773 A
Ipn = 150.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 5.832 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 150.000 meter
Rl = 1.335 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

23.327 * (Rct + 3.670 ) Rct = 6.000
23.327 Rct 85.611 Volts Vk = ### Volts
Generator differenetial Protection Class PS CT detail :

As PS class CT is selected for protection purpose, there is no need for burden calculation at rated
condition; however it should be ensured that at plant fault level, CT's do not saturate. Hence the
Knee point voltage shall be designed as follows:

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr)

Where,
Vk Knee point voltage of CT
Ktd Transient Dimensioning factor (4 for Transformer & 5 for Generator)
Rct Secondary winding CT resistance at 75 deg C in Ohm
Rl Lead resistance in Ohm
Rr Relay resistance in Ohm
If Through fault current in CT secondary
(Fault current / CT ratio)
Isc/(Ipn/Isn)
Where,
Isc Maximum through fault current in Amps
Isn Rated secondary current of CT in Amps
Ipn Rated primary current of CT in Amps

11kV phase side CT Knee point voltage calculation

Ktd = 5.000 No unit

Isc = ### A
Ipn = 3000.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 5.684 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 250.000 meter
Rl = 2.225 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

28.422 * (Rct + 5.450 ) Rct = 6.000
28.422 Rct+154.901 Volts Vk = 325.435 Volts
11kV neutral side CT Knee point voltage calculation
Ktd = 5.000 No unit

Isc = ### A
Ipn = 3000.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 5.684 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 100.000 meter
Rl = 0.890 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

28.422 * (Rct + 2.780 ) Rct = 6.000
28.422 Rct+79.014 Volts Vk = 249.547 Volts
Unit Ratio Transformer differenetial Protection Class PS CT detail :

As PS class CT is selected for protection purpose, there is no need for burden calculation at
rated condition; however it should be ensured that at plant fault level, CT's do not saturate.
Hence the Knee point voltage shall be designed as follows:

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr)

Where,
Vk Knee point voltage of CT
Ktd Transient Dimensioning factor (4 for Transformer & 5 for Generator)
Rct Secondary winding CT resistance at 75 deg C in Ohm
Rl Lead resistance in Ohm
If Through fault current in CT secondary
(Fault current / CT ratio)
Isc/(Ipn/Isn)
Where,
Isc Maximum through fault current in Amps
Isn Rated secondary current of CT in Amps
Ipn Rated primary current of CT in Amps

11.5kV side CT Knee point voltage calculation

Ktd = 4.000 No unit

Isc = ### A
Ipn = 1500.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 8.367 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 250.000 meter
Rl = 2.225 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

33.470 * (Rct + 5.450 ) Rct = 6.000
33.470 Rct 182.409 Volts Vk = ### Volts
11kV side CT Knee point voltage calculation
Ktd = 4.000 No unit

Isc = ### A
Ipn = 1500.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 8.748 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 250.000 meter
Rl = 2.225 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

34.991 * (Rct + 5.450 ) Rct = 6.000
34.991 Rct 190.701 Volts Vk = ### Volts
Unit Transformer differenetial Protection Class PS CT detail :

As PS class CT is selected for protection purpose, there is no need for burden calculation at
rated condition; however it should be ensured that at plant fault level, CT's do not saturate.
Hence the Knee point voltage shall be designed as follows:

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr)

Where,
Vk Knee point voltage of CT
Ktd Transient Dimensioning factor (4 for Transformer & 5 for Generator)
Rct Secondary winding CT resistance at 75 deg C in Ohm
Rl Lead resistance in Ohm
If Through fault current in CT secondary
(Fault current / CT ratio)
Isc/(Ipn/Isn)
Where,
Isc Maximum through fault current in Amps
Isn Rated secondary current of CT in Amps
Ipn Rated primary current of CT in Amps

11kV side CT Knee point voltage calculation

Ktd = 4.000 No unit

Isc = 6285.795 A
Ipn = 600.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 10.476 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 50.000 meter
Rl = 0.445 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

41.905 * (Rct + 1.890 ) Rct = 6.000
41.905 Rct 79.201 Volts Vk = ### Volts
6.6kV side CT Knee point voltage calculation
Ktd = 4.000 No unit

Isc = ### A
Ipn = 1000.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 10.476 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 50.000 meter
Rl = 0.445 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

41.905 * (Rct + 1.890 ) Rct = 6.000
41.905 Rct 79.201 Volts Vk = ### Volts
Station Transformer differenetial Protection Class PS CT detail :

As PS class CT is selected for protection purpose, there is no need for burden calculation at
rated condition; however it should be ensured that at plant fault level, CT's do not saturate.
Hence the Knee point voltage shall be designed as follows:

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr)

Where,
Vk Knee point voltage of CT
Ktd Transient Dimensioning factor (4 for Transformer & 5 for Generator)
Rct Secondary winding CT resistance at 75 deg C in Ohm
Rl Lead resistance in Ohm
If Through fault current in CT secondary
(Fault current / CT ratio)
Isc/(Ipn/Isn)
Where,
Isc Maximum through fault current in Amps
Isn Rated secondary current of CT in Amps
Ipn Rated primary current of CT in Amps

11kV side CT Knee point voltage calculation

Ktd = 4.000 No unit

Isc = 6285.795 A
Ipn = 600.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 10.476 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 250.000 meter
Rl = 2.225 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

41.905 * (Rct + 5.450 ) Rct = 6.000
41.905 Rct 228.384 Volts Vk = ### Volts
6.6kV side CT Knee point voltage calculation
Ktd = 4.000 No unit

Isc = ### A
Ipn = 1000.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 10.476 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 50.000 meter
Rl = 0.445 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

41.905 * (Rct + 1.890 ) Rct = 6.000
41.905 Rct 79.201 Volts Vk = ### Volts
Unit Auxiliary Transformer restricted earth fault Protection Class PS CT detail :

As PS class CT is selected for protection purpose, there is no need for burden calculation at
rated condition; however it should be ensured that at plant fault level, CT's do not saturate.
Hence the Knee point voltage shall be designed as follows:

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr)

Where,
Vk Knee point voltage of CT
Ktd Transient Dimensioning factor (4 for Transformer & 5 for Generator)
Rct Secondary winding CT resistance at 75 deg C in Ohm
Rl Lead resistance in Ohm
If Through fault current in CT secondary
(Fault current / CT ratio)
Isc/(Ipn/Isn)
Where,
Isc Maximum through fault current in Amps
Isn Rated secondary current of CT in Amps
Ipn Rated primary current of CT in Amps

0.433kV side CT Knee point voltage calculation

Ktd = 2.000 No unit

Isc = ### A
Ipn = 4000.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 13.912 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 100.000 meter
Rl = 0.890 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

27.824 * (Rct + 2.780 ) Rct = 6.000
27.824 Rct 77.351 Volts Vk = ### Volts
CHP service Transformer restricted earth fault Protection Class PS CT detail :

As PS class CT is selected for protection purpose, there is no need for burden calculation at
rated condition; however it should be ensured that at plant fault level, CT's do not saturate.
Hence the Knee point voltage shall be designed as follows:

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr)

Where,
Vk Knee point voltage of CT
Ktd Transient Dimensioning factor (4 for Transformer & 5 for Generator)
Rct Secondary winding CT resistance at 75 deg C in Ohm
Rl Lead resistance in Ohm
If Through fault current in CT secondary
(Fault current / CT ratio)
Isc/(Ipn/Isn)
Where,
Isc Maximum through fault current in Amps
Isn Rated secondary current of CT in Amps
Ipn Rated primary current of CT in Amps

0.433kV side CT Knee point voltage calculation

Ktd = 2.000 No unit

Isc = ### A
Ipn = 2500.000 Amps
Isn = 1.000 Amps
If = 13.356 Amps

Rl = RL*L
Where,
RL = Resistance of cable in Ohm/km
L= Length of the cable in meter
Rl = 8.900 Ohm/km
0.009 Ohm/m
L= 100.000 meter
Rl = 0.890 Ohm

Rr = Relay burden / Relay rated current ^2

Relay burden = 1.000 VA
Relay rated current = 1.000 Amps
Rr = 1.000 Ohm

Vk > Ktd * If * (Rct+2Rl+Rr) Example :

26.711 * (Rct + 2.780 ) Rct = 6.000
26.711 Rct 74.257 Volts Vk = ### Volts