COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY – MANILA

DIVISION 4 – MASONRY

INDEX

04100 – MORTAR

04200 – UNIT MASONRY

04720 – CAST STONE

04100 – MORTAR

PART 1 – GENERAL

SCOPE

A. Furnish all materials, labor, equipment, plant, tools, required to complete

• plaster
• masonry work and
• patching mortar

as shown in the drawings and specified in the Summary of Materials and Finishes.

B. Unless otherwise indicated on drawings or specified herein, all materials or work

under the division shall be subject to the provisions under Division 3 (CONCRETE).

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

MATERIALS

Refer to Section 01020 Summary of Materials and Finishes.

MIXES

Cement Mortar:

- 1 part Portland Cement

- 2 parts sand, but not more than 1 part Portland Cement, 3 parts sand.

For plaster works thicker than 25 mm (1”), use plaster mix with FIBRIN – 23 as per
manufacturer’s specifications.

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PART 3 - EXECUTION

INSTALLATION

A. Application of Cement Plaster

1. Scratch Coat: Apply with sufficient force and material to form full keys or bond. Cross
scratch as soon as scratch coat has gained initial set and apply brown coat as soon
as practicable.

2. Brown Coat: Scratch or broom for bond of finish coat and allow to set hard. Keep
brown coat moist until finish coat is applied.

3. Finish Coat: Take to true, even surfaces with rods and trowel smooth, leaving finish
surface free from tool marks and blemishes. Keep cement plaster moist for at least 3
days and protect against rapid drying until cured.

B. Application of masonry mortar

Lay all concrete hollow blocks with 10 mm (3/8") horizontal and vertical mortar joints.

C. Application of patching mortar

1. The same mixture of grey and white cement to be used for patching mortar and which
fills holes and imperfections; it should however be a richer mixture and cement and
sand, in the ratio of that for the concrete, must be added.

2. Patches never to be steeled troveled but finishes with wood or cork floats

3. In the case when mixed patching mortar is to be allowed for an hour or two before the
application, reduction the amount of shrinkage, but never add water in remixing it.

4. No cement dusting is permitted to speed any phase of surface for floors and wall
finishing.

- END OF SECTION 04100 -

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04200 – UNIT MASONRY

PART 1 - GENERAL

SCOPE

Supply all materials, labor, equipment, plant, tools, necessary to complete:

- concrete unit masonry

HANDLING AND STORAGE

A. Handle in a manner to prevent undue chipping and breakage

B. Protect storage piles, stacks and bins from heavy traffic.
C. Provide platforms to protect bottom piles from contact with soil.

VISUAL INSPECTION

A. All units shall be sound and free from cracks or other defects that would interfere with
the proper placing of the unit or impair the strength or permanence of the construction.

B. Units that are intended to serve as a base for plaster shall have sufficiently rough
surface to afford good bond.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

Refer to Section 01020 Summary of Materials and Finishes.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

CONCRETE UNIT MASONRY

A. Lay all masonry unit, plumb, true to line, level and with accurately spaced course.

B. Allow Architect to approve sample of special stone arrangement where required.

C. Keep bond plumb throughout. Keep corners and reveals plumb and true.

D. Build in anchors, wall plugs and accessories to masonry as erection progresses.

E. Bed solidly each course in Portland Cement mortar. Keep all units damp when laid.

F. Wedge units terminating against beam or slab soffits tightly with mortar and
reinforcement properly secured to dowels.

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G. Refer to drawings for reinforcement schedule.

H. Masonry Joints

1. Unless otherwise noted or indicated on plans, fill horizontal and vertical mortar
joints 10 mm (3/8") with full mortar fill on face shells, and on webs. Fill adjacent
cells.
2. Fill all joints solidly.
3. Allow no furrowing of the mortar.

I. Tooled Joints

1. Make concave joints where tooled mortar joints are indicated in the drawings.
2. Joints shall be neat and clean, plumb and true to line.

UNFINISHED WORK

A. Step back unfinished work for joining with new work.

B. Before new work is begun, remove all loose mortar and wet the exposed joint
thoroughly not less than one hour before laying new work.

CLEANING

Clean the finished surface in a way most appropriate and satisfactory to the Architect.
No cement dusting is allowed for any cement finish.

- END OF SECTION 04200 -

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04720 – CAST STONE

PART 1 – GENERAL

SCOPE OF WORK

Provide all materials, labor, equipment, plant, tools, necessary to complete:

- Cast stone elements for Window sills, Wall caps, outdoor landscape elements .

HANDLING AND STORAGE

A. Handle in a way to avoid excessive chipping and cracking

B. Protect piles, stacks, and bins storage to avoid heavy traffic.

C. Install platforms to prevent bottom piles from contact with soil.

VISUAL INSPECTION

A. All units shall be sound and free from cracks or other defects that would interfere with
the proper placing of the unit or impair the strength or permanence of the construction.

B. Units that are intended to serve as a base for plaster shall have sufficiently rough
surface to afford good bond.

QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Manufacturer Qualifications: A qualified manufacturer of cast stone units similar to

those Indicated for this Project, which has adequate production capacity to produce the
number of units needed, and is a plant accredited by the Cast Stone Institute or the
Architectural Precast Association.

B. Testing Agency Qualifications: Qualified under ASTM E 329 for testing indicated.

C. Source Limitations for Cast Stone: Cast stone units shall be acquired through single
source from a single manufacturer.

D. Source Limitations for Mortar Materials: Acquire mortar ingredients of a uniform

quality including color, from one manufacturer for each cementitious component and
from one source or producer for each aggregate.

E. Mockups: Provide cast stone for placement in mockups shown on plans of Division 4
Section "Unit Masonry Assemblies."

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DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Coordinate delivery of cast stone with unit masonry work to avoid delaying the Work
and to minimize the need for on-site storage.

B. Pack, handle, and ship cast stone units in suitable packs or pallets.

1. Lift with wide-belt slings; do not use wire rope or ropes that might cause
staining. Move cast stone units, if required, using dollies with wood supports.
2. Stock cast stone units on wood skids or pallets with nonstaining, water-proof
covers, securely tied. Plan distribution to distribute the weight evenly, and to
preclude damage to units. Maintain ventilation under the covers to keep moisture
under the covers to a minimum.

C. Cast cementitious products on elevated platforms, under cover, and dry. Do not use
cementitious products that are damp.

D. Store mortar aggregates where sizing and other inherent characteristics can
be maintained, and contamination precluded.

PART 2 – PRODUCTS

CAST STONE MATERIALS

A. General: Comply with ASTM C 1364 and the following:

B. Portland Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I or Type III, containing not more than 0.60
percent total alkali when tested according to ASTM C 114. Provide natural grey color
cement.

C. Coarse Aggregates: Granite, quartz, or limestone complying with ASTM C 33;

gradation and colors as needed to produce required cast stone textures and colors.

D. Fine Aggregates: Natural sand or crushed stone complying with ASTM C 33,
gradation and colors as required to produce specified cast stone textures and colors.

E. Color Pigment: ASTM C 979, synthetic mineral-oxide pigments or colored water

reducing admixtures; color stable, free of carbon black, nonfading, and resistant to lime
and other alkalis.

F. Admixtures: Use only admixtures specified or approved in writing by Architect.

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1. Do not use admixtures that contain more than 0.1 percent water-soluble
chloride ions by mass of cementitious materials. Do not use admixtures
containing calcium chloride.

2. Use only admixtures that are certified by manufacturer to be compatible with

cement and other admixtures used.

3. Air-Entraining Admixture: ASTM C 260. To mixes of units exposed to the

exterior add, at manufacturer's prescribed rate, to result in an air content of 4 to
6 percent, except do not add to zero-slump concrete mixes.

4. Water-Reducing Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type A.

5. Water-Reducing, Retarding Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type D.

6. Water-Reducing, Accelerating Admixture: ASTM C 494/C 494M, Type E.

G. Reinforcement: Deformed steel bars meeting ASTM A 615/A 615M, Grade 60. Use
galvanized or epoxy-coated reinforcement when covered with less than 1-1/2
inches of cast stone material.

1. Galvanized Coating: ASTM A 767/A 767M.

2. Recycled Content: 80%.

H. Embedded Anchors and Other Inserts: Fabricated from stainless steel meeting
ASTM A 240/A 240M, ASTM A 276, or ASTM A 666, Type 304.

CAST STONE UNITS

A. Furnish cast stone units meeting ASTM C 1364 using either the vibrant dry tamp or
wet cast method.

1. Furnish units that are resistant to freezing and thawing as determined by

laboratory testing according to ASTM C 666/C 666M, Procedure A, as modified
by ASTM C 1364.

B. Cast units with sharp arris and accurate reproductions of details, with texture
indicated on all exposed surfaces unless otherwise indicated.

1. Slope exposed horizontal surfaces 1:12 to drain unless otherwise indicated.

2. Provide raised fillets at backs of sills and at ends indicated to be built into
jambs.

3. Provide drips on projecting elements unless otherwise indicated.

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C. Fabrication Tolerances:

1. Variation in Cross Section: Do not vary from indicated dimensions by more

than 3 mm (1/8 inch).

2. Variation in Length: Do not vary from indicated dimensions by more than

1/360 of the length of unit or 1/8 inch, whichever is greater, but in no case by
more than 1/4 inch.

3. Warp, Bow, and Twist: Not to exceed 1/360 of the length of unit or 1/8 inch,
whichever is greater.

4. Location of Grooves, False Joints, Holes, Anchorages, and Similar Features:

Do not vary from indicated position by more than 1/8 inch on formed surfaces
of units and 3/8 inch on unformed surfaces.

D. Cure units as follows:

1. Cure units in enclosed moist curing room at 95 to 100 percent relative

humidity and temperature of 100 deg F for 12 hours or 70 deg F for 16 hours.
2. Maintain units moist and allow to cure to meet not less than five days at an
average daily temperature of 70 deg F or above.

E. Acid etch units after curing to remove cement film from surfaces to be exposed to
view.

F. Colors and Textures: As selected by Architect from manufacturer's full range.

MORTAR MATERIALS

A. Furnish mortar materials that meet Division 4 Section "Unit Masonry Assemblies."

B. Portland Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I or II, except Type III may be used for
coldweather construction. Provide natural color or white cement as required to produce
mortar color indicated.

C. Hydrated Lime: ASTM C 207, Type S.

D. Portland Cement-Lime Mix: Packaged blend of portland cement and hydrated lime
containing no other ingredients.

E. Masonry Cement: ASTM C 91.

1. Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide one of following:

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a. Capital Materials Corporation; Flamingo Color Masonry Cement.

b. Cemex S.A.B. de C.V.; Dixie Type S.
c. Essroc, Italcementi Group; Brixment.
d. Lafarge North America Inc.; Magnolia Masonry Cement.
e. Lehigh Cement Company; Lehigh Masonry Cement.
f. National Cement Company, Inc.; Coosa Masonry Cement.

F. Aggregate for Mortar: ASTM C 144.

1. For mortar that is exposed to view, use washed aggregate consisting of

natural sand or crushed stone.

2. For joints less than 6mm (1/4 inch) thick, use aggregate graded with 100
percent passing the No. 16 sieve.

G. Water: Potable.

ACCESSORIES

A. Anchors: Type and size indicated, fabricated from Type 304 stainless steel complying
with ASTM A 240/A 240M, ASTM A 276, or ASTM A 666.

B. Dowels: 1/2-inch-diameter, round bars, manufactured from Type 304 stainless steel
ASTM A 240/A 240M, ASTM A 276, or ASTM A 666.

C. Proprietary Acidic Cleaner: Manufacturer's standard-strength cleaner intended for

mortar/grout stains, efflorescence, and other new construction stains on new masonry
without discoloring or damaging masonry surfaces. Use product specifically approved
for intended use by cast stone manufacturer and specifically approved by cleaner
manufacturer for use on cast stone and adjacent masonry materials.

1. Manufacturers: Subject to requirements, provide products by one of the

following:

a. Diedrich Technologies, Inc.

b. EaCo Chem, Inc.
c. ProSoCo, Inc.

D. Weeps: As specified in Section 04810.

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MORTAR MIXES

A. Comply with requirements in Division 4 Section "Unit Masonry Assemblies" for mortar
mixes.

B. Do not use admixtures including pigments, air-entraining agents,

accelerators, retarders, water-repellent agents, antifreeze compounds,
or other admixtures unless specified otherwise.

1. Do not include calcium chloride in mortar or grout.

2. Use masonry cement mortar except where otherwise indicated.

C. Meet ASTM C 270, Proportion Specification.

1. For setting mortar, Type S.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

EXAMINATION

A. Inspect substrates and conditions, in the presence of Installer, to ensure compliance

with installation tolerances and other conditions affecting performance of work.

B. Install only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

CASTING CAST STONE IN MORTAR

A. Cast stone units to satisfy requirements in Division 4 Section "Unit Masonry

Assemblies."

B. Cast stone as shown on Drawings. Place units with such accuracy in the locations
shown with edges and faces aligned, relative to established relationships and indicated
tolerance.

1. Place anchors, supports, fasteners, and any other attachments called for or to
hold units firmly in place.

2. Cast stone erection shall be done in conjunction with flashing installation that
is specified in other Sections.

C. Soak wet surfaces before applying mortar or setting into mortar.

D. Place all units in a full bed of mortar with full head joints unless otherwise indicated.

1. Place the units with a joint width between 1/4 to 3/8 inch unless indicated.

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2. Install anchorage and reinforcing ties into joints as units are placed.

3. Fill dowel holes and anchor slots.

4. Fill collar joints solid at time of setting.

5. Install concealed flashing into joints in mortar as units are placed.

6. Open head joints in coping and other exterior units with horizontally exposed
surfaces to receive sealant.

7. Open all shelf angles joints to receive sealant.

E. Rake out joints for pointing with mortar to depths of not less than 3/4 inch. Rake joints
to uniform depths with square bottoms and clean sides. Scrub faces of units to remove
excess mortar as joints are raked.

F. Point mortar joints by placing and compacting mortar in layers not greater than 3/8
inch. Compact each layer thoroughly and allow it to become thumbprint hard before
applying next layer.

G. Tool exposed joints slightly concave when thumbprint hard, using a jointer larger
than joint thickness unless otherwise indicated.

H. Provide sealant joints at copings and other horizontal surfaces, at expansion, control,
and pressure-relieving joints, and at locations indicated.

1. Keep joints free of mortar and other rigid materials.

2. Build in compressible foam-plastic joint fillers where indicated.

3. Form joint of width indicated, but not less than 3/8 inch.

4. Prime cast stone surfaces to receive sealant and install compressible backer
rod in joints before applying sealant unless otherwise indicated.

5. Prepare and apply sealant of type and at locations indicated to comply with
applicable requirements in Division 7 Section "Joint Sealants."

INSTALLATION TOLERANCES

A. Out of Plumb: Not more than 3mm in 3000 mm; 6.35 mm in 6100 mm or 13
mm maximum (1/8 inch in 10 feet, 1/4 inch in 20 feet, or 1/2 inch maximum).

B. Out of Level: Not more than 3mm in 3000 mm; 6.35 mm in 6100 mm or 13
mm maximum (1/8 inch in 10 feet, 1/4 inch in 20 feet, or 1/2 inch maximum).

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C. Variation in Joint Width: Do not vary joint thickness more than 3mm in 914 mm (1/8
inch in 36 inches) or one-fourth of nominal joint width, whichever is less.

D. Variation in Plane between Adjacent Surfaces (Lipping): Do not vary from flush
alignment with adjacent units or adjacent surfaces indicated to be flush with units by
more than 1.6 mm (1/16 inch), except where variation is due to warpage of units within
tolerances specified.

ADJUSTING AND CLEANING

A. Remove and replace stained and otherwise damaged units and units not matching
approved Samples. Cast stone may be repaired if methods and results are approved
by the Owner or Owner's representative.

B. Replace units in a manner that results in cast stone matching approved Samples,
complying with other requirements, and showing no evidence of replacement.

C. In-Progress Cleaning: Clean cast stone as work progresses.

1. Remove mortar fins and smears before tooling joints.

D. Final Cleaning: After mortar is thoroughly set and cured, clean exposed cast stone as

1. Remove large mortar particles by hand with wooden paddles and nonmetallic
scrape hoes or chisels.

2. Test cleaning methods on sample; leave one sample uncleaned for

comparison purposes. Obtain Architect's approval of sample cleaning before
proceeding with cleaning of cast stone.

3. Protect adjacent surfaces from contact with cleaner by covering them with
liquid strippable masking agent or polyethylene film and waterproof masking
tape.

4. Wet surfaces with water before applying cleaners; remove cleaners promptly
by rinsing thoroughly with clear water.

5. Clean cast stone with proprietary acidic cleaner applied according to

manufacturer's written instructions.

- END OF SECTION 04720 -

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