Basic

Computer
Operation
Definition of
Booting In computing, booting (also known as
“booting up”) is a bootstrapping (self-
starting) process that starts the
operating system when the user turns
on a computer system. Booting can
also be defined as the initial set of
operations that the computer
performs when power is switched
on.
 Description of the Booting process
When the computer’s power is first turned on, the CPU (Central Processing Unit)
initializes itself to look for the system’s ROM BIOS (Read Only Memory Basic Input
Output System) which is the first program that runs every time the computer is
turned on. The BIOS performs the Power-On Self-Test (POST), which begins by
checking the BIOS chip and then test CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide
Semiconductor) RAM. If the POST does not detect a battery failure, it then continues
to initialize the CPU (Central Processing Unit), checking the hardware devices to
ensure they are functioning properly. Once the POST has determined that all
components are functioning properly and the CPU has successfully initialized the
BIOS looks to the CMOS chip to tell it where to find the Operating System (OS),
which on most personal computers (PCs), the OS loads from the C: drive.
Therefore, for a computer to successfully boot, its BIOS , Operating System
and Hardware components must all be working properly; failure of any one of
these three elements will likely result in a failed boot sequence.
 Types of booting
Cold booting (Hard booting): Warm booting (Soft booting): This
This is the process of turning is the process when the operating
the computer system system alone is restarted (without
ON by pressing the power of being switched off) after a system
the system unit and the crash or freeze. On PCs, warm
monitor. booting is done by pressing the
Control, Alt, and Delete keys
simultaneously.

Both types of booting clear out (for the time being) the bugs, bombs,
memory conflicts, and other idiosyncrasies (peculiarities) of the
operating system
Difference between Cold Booting and Warm Booting
Cold booting Warm booting
1. Use of power-switch is involved in 1. Warm Booting It involved short
Cold Booting cut keys e.g. (CTRL+ALT+DEL)
2. Cold Booting is done when the 2. Warm Booting CPU continuous
system is already off running
3. CPU stops working in Cold 3. CPU continuous running in
Booting Warm Booting
4. Memory and BIOS are reset 4. Booting and BIOS are not reset
Memory in Cold in Warm Booting.
5. The computer may not necessarily 5. It is necessary when a program
have program error before it is encounters an error from which it
performed in Cold Booting cannot recover in Warm Booting.
 Windows Desktop
Windows desktop is the graphical user interface
(GUI) of the Windows Operating System. The
desktop is what is displayed when you log in on
must operating systems.
It provides a platform for the user to interface
with or operate the computer by pointing and
clicking the mouse button on graphical symbols
to send data and instruction to the computer
and get out from it.
 Elements of Window Desktop
a. Mouse pointer: The mouse pointer indicates the current position of the mouse
b. Icons: Icons are shortcut to folders, files programs and other items
c. Desktop: The launch pad for application and workspace
d. Task bar: A bar that allows quick access to current or favorite applications.
e. Start menu: Gives quick access to computer settings and computer programs
f. Quick launch Toolbar: The quick launch toolbar is a section of your taskbar
near the Start menu where you can add shortcuts to programs. The Quick
Launch toolbar always stays visible, even when you have a window open, for
easy access to your shortcuts.
g. System tray: The system tray is a notification area on the operating system
taskbar.
Running an Application program
To run an application program, Shutting Down Windows

1. 1. Click the start button, the start To shut down Windows and prepare
menu appears. to turn off your machine, do the
2. 2. Click on all programs or All following
apps. i. Close all your open
3. 3. Navigate through the various applications, making sure that any
categories or submenus that document you’re currently working
appear until you fine the program on are saved.
intend to start. ii. Select Start > Turn Off
4. 4. Click on the application to start Computer.
the application iii. Click on Turn Off.
 Assignment
1. Define Booting
2. Describe booting process
3. Explain types of booting
4. State the different between the types of booting
5. What is Window desktop
6. State the method to run a application on Window desktop
7. List the steps to shutdown a computer
Thanks Do you have any questions?
[email protected]
08062396698
https://eliasschools.com

CREDITS: This presentation template was

Please keep this slide for attribution