TIMETABLE

MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
EELUTTMS

Supervised By: Dr. Kamal Hamza

Teaching Assistant: Eng. Radwa Sayed
Web Based Timetable Management System for Egyptian E-Learning University [EELUTTMS]

Team Members:
Student Name ID
Mohamed Gaber Mohamed Khalil 2001857
Reham Bakri Ahmed Saad 2001624
Mostafa Rabie Mostafa Fawzy 2002053
Noran Mohamed Mostafa Ahmed 2001658
Momen Magdy Rabie Youssef 2000411
Dalia Magdy Mohamed 2001659
Ahmed Aid Mahamoud 2001731
Eman Ahmady 2001754

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ABSTRACT

The Egyptian University for E-Learning was established by Presidential

Decree No. 233 of 2008 as the first Egyptian university to adopt the
principle of e-learning. In 2018, Republican Decree No. 71 was issued to
transform the university from a private university into a national
university. Creating timetables manually is a complex and time-
consuming process. By automating this process with computer assisted
timetable generator can save a lot of precious time of administrators who
are involved in creating and managing course timetables. Since every
college has its own timetabling problem, the commercially available
software packages may not suit the needs of every college. Hence, we
have developed a practical approach for building lecture course
timetabling system, which can be customized to fit to any colleges
timetabling problem. This project introduces a practical timetabling
algorithm capable of taking care of both strong and weak constraints
effectively, used in an automated timetabling system. So that each DR and
Teaching Assistant can view their timetable once they are finalized for a
given semester and send it to their students, but they cannot edit them.
The system will be developed in windows environment using Spring boot,
java, and My SQL three open-source technologies will combine to
develop web application.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We take this opportunity to express our profound gratitude and deepest

regards to our devoted Supervisor Dr. Kamal Hamza for his outstanding
supervision and constant encouragement throughout the work of this
Project. The blessing, help, and guidance given by him from time to time
shall carry us a long way in the journey of life on which we are about to
take the ship. We also take this opportunity to express our gratitude to the
Board of the Faculty of Information Technology for their support and
efforts in providing us with all useful resources. Finally, we express our
gratitude to the Almighty, our team (including ourselves), our parents, and
all those who helped, supported, and encouraged us to complete the first
portion of our graduation project successfully, regardless of their
background in the university or the industry.

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TABLE OF CONTENT
Content Page
Abstract 2
Acknowledgment 3
Table of content 4
List of figures 6
List of tables 8
List of acronyms 9
Chapter 1: Introduction 11
1.1 Introduction 12
1.2 Overview 14
1.3 Motivation 15
1.4 Objective of the system 16
1.5 Project Scope 18
1.6 Feasibility Study 19
1.7 Software process model 21
Chapter 2: Background 22
2.1 Introduction 23
2.2 Requirement Analysis 23
2.3 Related Technologies 32
2.4 System Architecture 35
2.5 Existing Similar Systems 38
Chapter 3: System Analysis 44
3.1 Introduction 45
3.2 Use-Case 46
3.3 Class Diagram 55
3.4 ERD Diagram 66
3.5 Schema Diagram 67
3.6 Sequence Diagram 68
3.7 Data Flow Diagram 81
Chapter 4: Chapter Implementation 82
4.1 Introduction 83
4.2 Key Components Implementation 83
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4.2.1 Login component 83

4.2.2 Staff members component 87
4.2.3 Faculty and Courses component 91
4.2.4 Lectures and sections component 95
4.2.5 Study plan and Semester component 98
4.2.6 Rooms and branches components 103
4.2.7 Timetable components 108
Chapter 5: testing & evaluation 112
5.1 Introduction 113
5.2 Test Plan 114
5.3 Test Cases and Results: 115
5.4 System Testing Process 117
5.5 Testing Data 117
5.6 User Evaluation 177
Chapter 6: conclusion & future work 121
6.1 Problems Encountered 122
6.2 Critical Assessment 122
6.3 Conclusion 123
6.4 Future Work 123
References 125

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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
Figure 1.1 (Linear-Sequential Life Cycle Model) 21
Figure 2.1 (flow of system) 24
Figure 2.2 (System Architecture) 35
Figure 2.3 (User accessing via web browser) 36
Figure 2.4 (Tier Architecture) 37
Figure 2.5 (Timetable Created with BULLET Education Suit) 38
Figure2.6 (Timetable created with UniTime Timetable 41
Management System)
Figure 2.7 (UNIVOTEC Timetable Management System) 43
Figure 3.1 (use-case diagram) 47
Figure 3.2 – Figure 3.19 (class diagram) 55-65
Figure 3.20 (Entity-Relationship Diagram) 66
Figure 3.21 (Schema Diagram) 67
Figure 3.22 – Figure 3.45 (Sequence diagram) 68-80
Figure 3.46 (System Data Flow Diagram) 81
Figure 4.1 (create “log” and “login” table) 84
Figure 4.2 (login-user function) 85
Figure 4.3 (login form implementation) 86
Figure 4.4 (login form interface) 86
Figure 4.5 (create staff table) 87
Figure 4.6 (A sample of insertion into Job type and staff tables) 88
Figure 4.7 (function staff reference in all the courses) 88
Figure 4.8 (get the staff “freeTime” from the database) 89
Figure 4.9 (a form that get data about staff members) 90
Figure 4.10 (a form to add staff members data) 90
Figure 4.11 (create faculty and courses table) 91
Figure 4.12 (insert into faculty and courses into database) 92
Figure 4.13 (insert into faculty and courses into database) 93
Figure 4.14 (get faculty form implementation and get faculty form) 94
Figure 4.15 (add course form interface) 94
Figure 4.16 (lectures and sections groups insertion) 95
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Figure 4.17 (create lecture function) 96

Figure 4.18 (create section function) 96
Figure 4.19 (create lecture table) 97
Figure 4.20 (create semester and study plan tables) 98
Figure 4.21 (insert data into semester and study plan tables) 98
Figure 4.22 (get semester function) 99
Figure 4.23 (study plan class) 100
Figure 4.24 (get study-plan data and get semester data 101
implementation)
Figure 4.25 (study-plan form) 101
Figure 4.26 (semester form) 102
Figure 4.27 (create rooms and branches tables) 103
Figure 4.28 (rooms and branches tables insert) 103
Figure 4.29 (get the “FreeTime” for rooms in one branch) 104
Figure 4.30 (get branch data implementation) 105
Figure 4.31 (get room data implementation) 106
Figure 4.32 (room data form) 106
Figure 4.33 (branch data form) 107
Figure 4.34 (create table “timesintimetable” and timetable) 108
Figure 4.35 (get all data for timetable from database) 109
Figure 4.36 (get all data for timetable from database) 110
Figure 4.37 (final view of time table) 111

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LIST OF TABLES
Tables Page
Table 3.1 Staff Management 48
Table 3.2 Room Management 49
Table 3.3 Course Management 50
Table 3.4 Study plan Management 51
Table 3.5 Lec & Section Management 52
Table 3.6 Create Lecture Schedule 53
Table 3.7 Create Session Schedule 54
Table 5.1 (User Login test) 115
Table 5.2 (Generate Timetables test) 115
Table 5.3 (Generate Timetables test) 116

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LIST OF ACRONYMS
Word Acronyms
Egyptian E-Learning University Timetable Management EELUTTMS
System
Structured Query Language SQL
Hypertext Markup Language HTML
Cascading Style Sheet CSS
JavaScript JS
Sassy Cascading Style Sheets SCSS
Central Processing Unit CPU
Random Access Memory RAM
Tera Byte TB
Mega Byte Per Second MBPS
Giga Byte GB
Software as a service SaaS
Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability ACID
User Interface UI
University of Vocational Technology UNIVOTEC
University of Vocational Technology Timetable Management UVTTTMS
System
Entity Relationship Diagram ERD
Data Flow Diagram DFD
Nondeterministic Polynomial-time complete NP
Safety Instrumented System ‘it is belong to the university’ SIS

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TIME PLAN

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

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1.1 Introduction

Universities are confronted with the challenge of enhancing the quality and
efficiency of instruction. The imperative for greater accountability in learning
outcomes, with increased technological integration, has compelled universities to
seek innovative solutions. Recognizing the need for optimizing resource utilization
and advancing technology use in courses, many educational entities have adopted
Timetable Management Systems to automate the process of building that.
Timetabling concerns all activities about producing a schedule that must be
subjective to different constraints. Timetable can be defined as the optimization of
given activities, actions, or events to a set of objects in space-time matrix to satisfy
a set of desirable constraints. A key factor in running an educational Centre or an
academic environment is the need for a well-planned, well-throughout and clash-
free timetable. Back in the days when technology was not in wide use, (lecture/sec)
timetables were manually created by the academic Team.

Every university is faced with the tedious task of drawing up academic timetables
that satisfies the various courses and the respective sec being offered in separate
ways. The timetable development process starts when each Head of Department
provides the following information to be used for timetable scheduling.

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The information provides the modules with dates, time, and venues suitable in a
particular semester:

• Dates for lectures & sections to be held (Lectures & sections can be
scheduled between Saturday and Thursday).
• Specified time for lectures & sections (i.e., Between 8am and 5pm)
• The venue of the scheduled lectures & sections.

A timetabling problem consists of four parameters, and they are:

• T (set of time)
• R (set of available resources)
• M (set of scheduled contacts)
• C (set of constraints)

This problem assigns time and resources to the contacts in such a way that the
constraints will be satisfied. In various timetabling problems, educational
timetabling has been examined from a practical standpoint. So, in this chapter we
will briefly discuss this process.

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1.2 Overview

The process of scheduling the timetables for various academic levels and colleges
proves is done manually and be a challenging and time-consuming task, exacerbated
by numerous constraints Primarily, timetable generation is laborious, and secondly,
the management of updates and reporting is overwhelming. Additionally, the process
is susceptible to unexpected clashes and inconsistencies. The solution is to automate
this process using a software system. This software aims to simplify the scheduling
process, making it more user-friendly, flexible for edits and updates, and enhancing
the quality of the education process. This system has been developed as a web-based
system which will full fill university requirements on given timeline.

The proposed web-based system will be accessed by all levels of staff in the
Technical Services Unit (TSU) and course coordinators, lecturers’ demonstrators and
staff directly involved in the resource allocation process of the university. EELU
Timetable Management System allows creating timetable considering following
constraints.

1. Lecture Timetable only Created by the Admin in Doki branch.

2. Sec Timetable Can be Created by The Admin in Doki branch, and the
SubAdmin for each branch.
3. The professor can teach a maximum of [X credits] as input.
4. The Teaching Assistant has only 4 Days of work.

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1.3 Motivation

Planning Timetables is one of the most complex and error-prone applications. So,
the motivation behind our project at the Egyptian E-Learning University (EELU)
stems from the visionary commitment to automation and technological leadership in
education. Seeking a challenging endeavor, we were inspired to address a novel
aspect of timetable management, applying principles of programming, software
engineering, and project management learned during our academic journey. Our
project serves as a practical application of knowledge, transitioning EELU from a
manual, ad hoc system to an automated web-based solution. Aligned with the
university's expansion plans, we aim to enhance efficiency and productivity in
timetable and resource management, providing a comprehensive, web-based system
that not only resolves current challenges but is also designed to seamlessly adapt to
future changes. It also bridges existing gaps, supporting EELU's vision, and
contributing to the evolution of a more advanced and dynamic educational
management system.

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1.4 Objective of the system

Timetable Management System can contribute to the smooth functioning of

educational universities by optimizing the allocation of resources and enhancing the
overall scheduling process, and here are some common objectives that the system
aims to achieve:

1.4.1 Time Optimization:

o By using algorithms that control the time and divide it into slots.
o That will provide a well-organized timetable and Minimize gaps
between classes and utilize available time.

1.4.2 Automation:

o Automate the process by just taking the inputs from the

administrator and automatically the system will process all the data
entered by using algorithms and create the timetable.
o As a result of that manual effort and human errors will be reduced.

1.4.3 Conflict Resolution:

o Identify and resolve scheduling conflicts, such as double-booked

classrooms or faculty members.

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1.4.4 Flexibility:

o Allow the administrator to add, edit, delete, or change any input and
sub-admin.
o That allows easy modifications and updates to the timetable in

response to changes in schedules, faculty availability, branch

accessibility or other unforeseen circumstances.

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1.5 Project Scope

The Timetable Management System is a comprehensive solution for universities,

featuring user modules for administrators, and sub-admins with role-based access
control.

The following are the functionalities of the system:

• Provides an effective and efficient constraint management (add, update,

delete) Lecturer, resource, module, time slot, class (batch) management (add,
update, delete)
• Provides Management Information System reporting on demand. (by date,
time slot, lecturer/ resource person/ resource, module, etc.)
• Produces a fully functional timetable generator engine/ algorithm that can
automatically cater to each constraint.

Technology integration is a priority, with a user-friendly web interface and potential

integration with other systems. The project focuses on cost efficiency through
resource optimization and scalability for future growth.

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1.6 Feasibility Study of Timetable Management System

Before embarking on the commencement of any project, it is advisable to conduct a

thorough feasibility study regarding the proposed system. This procedural step is
instrumental in substantiating that the expected benefits align appropriately with the
aggregate costs and technical capacities involved. Considering this, a dedicated
feasibility study was initiated to meticulously evaluate the viability of the intended
system, specifically within the context of the Timetable Management System.

1.6.1 Technical Feasibility:

• Hardware Requirements: It requires a database server to save the system

database and a web server to display the website.

• Software Requirements: The system will be completely web-based using

HTML, CSS, SCSS, JS, Angular, JAVA SPRING as the primary development
language, with MySQL serving as the system's database management system.

• Compatibility: the system is capable of the existing technology used by EELU

System as it will be added to the general system as a new feature.

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1.6.2 Operational Feasibility:

• User Training: provide a training workshop to learn how to use the system as
it is a multi-user system so every user should know what his tasks are.
Main stockholders of the system will be academic staff, executive staff, and
other officer-level staff Therefore, there is no need to provide deep training
and every one of the above categories knows how a web-based system
operates.

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1.7 Software process model

The Waterfall Model stands as the inaugural process model in software

development. It follows a sequential structure where each phase must reach
completion before the subsequent phase commences, avoiding any overlap. This
model divides the entire software development process into distinct phases, with
the output of one phase serving as the input for the next one in a sequential
manner. The progression through phases—Conception, Initiation, Analysis,
Design, Construction, Testing, Production/Implementation, and Maintenance—
resembles a continuous flow akin to a waterfall. This linear and sequential
progression characterizes the Waterfall Model, earning it the designation of a
Linear-Sequential Life Cycle Model.

Figure 1.1 (Linear-Sequential Life Cycle Model)

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CHAPTER 2
BACKGROUND

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2.1 Introduction

The background chapter will provide detailed knowledge to understand the rest of
the document. By giving a brief overview of the university’s current situation, the
type of system needed, and the concerned areas and technologies used.

2.2 Requirement Analysis

Requirement analysis sets the foundation for the entire software development
process, influencing design, development, testing, and implementation phases. A
well-executed requirement analysis helps mitigate risks, reduces project scope creep,
and contributes to the overall success of the project by aligning the development
efforts with the actual needs and expectations of stakeholders.

2.2.1 Gathering Requirements

The success of any system heavily depends on the proper identification of its major
requirements and detailing them as appropriate to avoid the ambiguity of the
functionality of the expected system. This could be achieved by using an appropriate
set of requirements gathering techniques such as observation of the existing system,
interviewing different stakeholders, carefully designed questionnaires, and
implementing stage-wise small prototype versions. Therefore, almost all the
mentioned techniques were used to gather the requirements of the system.
The stakeholders of the proposed system would comprise of:
a) Admin – who is the head of a university who is responsible for the
management and the academic integrity of the branches and faculties.
b) Teaching Assistant - who is responsible for all resources allocation
and timetable with coordinating with staff.

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Flow of current system:

Figure 2.1 (flow of system)

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2.2.2 Requirement Analysis - Project Goals

Modules of the System

The module is a different segment of the system that processes a specific task. This
facilitates system development and makes it more user-friendly.
As per requirements, the system mainly contains six modules. Login module, home
module, Branches Module, Faculty Module, timetable generating Module all in Nav
Bar and the other module is User Profile on the other side of page contain Logout
button.

Login Module:

This will assist the user in logging into the system with their username and password.
Only a user with a valid username and password can access his account.
It will facilitate the authentication of the user who logs into the system. This
prevents any anonymous user from entering the system and mishandling the records.
It is superior to the manual method because it has no security measures governing
who can and cannot access the system.

Home Module:

It contains the Nav Bar that Contain Other Modules and the workspace that facilitate
to view all sections of work on this space and it the page that control all the system
through it.

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Branch Module:

That module is responsible for all branches as each branch contains room type and
capacity for each room and No of Groups in that branch, also contain Lecturer and
TA in each Branch.

Faculty Module:

It Contain the Faculties in the University and Study plan for each faculty and courses
in each semester with lec / Sec hour for each course.

Timetable generating Module:

This is the module generating timetable according to the resources available and
with fulfill of university constraints. In this module, the user can generate a timetable
with few options. University uses maximum resources in semester, and it is essential
to generate timetable with full optimization in Semester courses.

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2.2.3 Functional Requirements

"Functional requirements in the context of software development refer to detailed

specifications that define the specific functionalities, features, and behaviors that a
system or software application must exhibit. These requirements serve as a blueprint
for the development team, guiding the design, implementation, and testing
processes. They articulate the desired outcomes, inputs, processes, and outputs of
the system, ensuring that it meets the functional expectations of its users and
stakeholders."

The following major components and their functions were recognized as the core
business processes of the intended system.

• User Login

▪ System has two user login categories such as Admin, TA.

▪ Only Admin and TA for each branch have a user login.

▪ If Incorrect Username or Password‟ message appears, then TA need

contact Admin to reset password.

▪ There is an accurate validate for username and password.

▪ Successful user login will show a welcome message and direct to home page
based on the user category.

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• System Home page

▪ System home page display only User Login form and help option.

▪ System identifies correct user group type and direct to appropriate pages
with given user privileges.

• Admin home page

▪ This menu provides all administration task.

▪ Register all users to the system.

▪ Adding, editing, deleting entries in the master timetable.

▪ Admin can grant privileges to the other users as (Admin & SubAdmin).

• Teaching Assistant home page

▪ This menu provides only administration for each TA Branch.

▪ Responsible to free time and room for each lec that accessed from Lec
Timetable.

▪ Adding, editing, deleting entries in the sections timetable.

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2.2.4 Non-Functional Requirements

“Non-functional requirements may be more critical than the functional requirements.

If these are not met, the system is useless” (Sommerville, 2004).

➢ Performance:
Description: The system should respond quickly to user interactions.
Criteria:
▪ Timely generation of timetables.
▪ Efficient data retrieval and processing.
➢ Scalability:
Description: The system should manage an increasing number of users
and data.
Criteria:
▪ Ability to scale with the addition of branches or workers.
➢ Reliability:
Description: The system should be available and reliable.
Criteria:
▪ High availability.
▪ Minimal downtime for maintenance.
➢ Usability:
Description: The system should be easy to use and navigate.
Criteria:
▪ Intuitive user interface.
▪ User training and support.

➢ Security:
Description: Ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data.
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Criteria:
▪ Secure user authentication.
▪ Role-based access control.
➢ Maintainability:
Description: The system should be easy to maintain and update.
Criteria:
▪ Modular and well-documented code.
▪ Easy system configuration and updates.
➢ Compatibility:
Description: The system should work across different browsers and
devices.
Criteria:
▪ Compatibility with major web browsers.
▪ Responsive design for various screen sizes.

➢ Data Backup and Recovery:

Description: Regularly backup system data and provide a mechanism for
data recovery.
Criteria:
▪ Scheduled data backups.
▪ Easy data restoration process.
➢ Auditability:
Description: The system should log user activities for auditing purposes.
Criteria:
▪ Log and monitor user actions.
▪ Provide audit reports when necessary.

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2.2.5 User Requirements

2.

The only end-user requirement is to have basic literacy of computer use, especially
the techniques used in browsing the web.

2.2.6 System Requirements

The system architecture is such that it conforms to 3-Tier Architecture having.

a) a Backend in the bottom layer to store all data used in the system.

b) an Application Server (Web Server) in the middle layer to process requests

from and result back to the user.

c) a front end (any standard web browser) provides an interface to the end-
user to deal with the system.

2.2.7 The Backend (Database Server)

The database server is preferably a 2 CPU cores (recommended), 32GB or higher

RAM, 1TB or higher storage space depending on the institution’s data storage
requirements. The backend is implemented with MySQL database management
system.

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2.2.8 The Application Server (Web Server)

It is observed that the performance of the webserver is one of the most vital factors
pertaining to the speed of the system. Therefore, 4 CPU cores (recommended), 32GB
or higher RAM, 1TB or higher storage or more free Hard disk capacity, and access
to Information Superhighway at a rate of 1 Mbps is recommended.

2.2.9 Client

All that is needed by the client side is a computer that can run any standard web
browser and access the Information Superhighway at a minimum rate of 1Mbps.
Nevertheless, the more the performances of the computer and the network
bandwidth, the faster the system processes as it would be.

2.3 Related Technologies

EELUTTMS should be accessing all branches, and therefore a web application is

much more suitable for that. Users access the system via a uniform environment. It
is critical to select the appropriate hardware, software, and technology while
developing a better web-based system. The technology chosen as the development
tools for the EELUTTMS is explained in more detail below.

2.3.1 Web Application

This is a web application. To create an application, a combination of server-side

script and client-side.

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Tools Used:
1. Design: Figma.
2. Coding: Visual Studio Code &
NetBeans.
3. Database: MySQL.
4. Diagrams: Draw IO.

Techniques Used:
1. Front-End: HTML, CSS, SCSS, Java script,
Angular

2. Back-End: Java + Spring Boot

3. Database: MySQL

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2.3.2 Database Access

This is a real database that can store, update, delete and retrieve data.

EELUTTMS store all branches, faculties, study plans, courses, lectures, timeslots
details. EELUTTMS will store data for many years back to analyze data.

MySQL is used as my database. MySQL is the database of choice for the most
demanding Web, E-commerce, SaaS, and Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)
applications. It is a transaction-safe, ACID-compliant database that supports full
commit, rollback, crash recovery, and row-level locking. MySQL provides the
usability, scalability, and performance required.

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2.4 System Architecture

The architecture of a system reflects how the system is used and how it interacts with
other systems and the outside world. It describes the interconnection of all the
system’s components and the data link between them. The architecture of a system
reflects the way it is thought about in terms of its structure, functions, and
relationships.

Figure 2.2 (System Architecture)

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2.4.1 Client-Server Architecture

Users access the web application installed on the Application server through a web
browser. Initially, the web application connects to the University Internet.
Subsequently, the connection proceeds to a security layer responsible for user
validation. Upon successful validation, users gain access to the Application server
and MySQL database server.

Figure 2.3(User accessing via web browser)

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2.4.2 Tier Architecture

Tier architecture contains UI/ Presentation Layer (Branch), Middle tier layer and
Data Access Layer.

Figure 2.4 (Tier Architecture)

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2.5 Existing Similar Systems

A significant amount of effort and time was expended in finding other similar
systems and approaches to study their benefits and drawbacks to implement the
system in an effective and efficient manner.

2.5.1 BULLET Education Suit-Automatic Timetabling Software

Bullet Education Suite timetable software offers higher education institutions a suite
of software solutions designed to simplify the timetabling process. It comes with
seven modules, but we will focus on the academic part in it.

• BULLET Timetable Education

An automatic timetabling software capable of generating highly
optimized timetables based on the interests of educational institutions. It
enables you to make the most of your resources while also ensuring the
satisfaction of your students and academic staff.

• BULLET Exam Planer

With an automatic exam scheduling tool, you can easily accommodate all
academic staff and students to their related activities, ensuring a perfect
balance between students, supervisors, and classroom distribution.

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Timetable created by BULLET Education Suit-Automatic Timetabling

Software.

Figure 2.5 Timetable Created with BULLET Education Suit

Furthermore, the Bullet timetable solution includes numerous useful features such
as fully automatic timetable generation, assisted manual adjustments, error-free
timetabling, comprehensive incoherency reports, multiple optimization methods,
simple online timetable publication, and full data import and export.

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2.5.2 UNITIME- Timetable System

UNITIME is a comprehensive educational scheduling system that allows for the

creation of course and exam timetables, the management of changes to these
timetables, the sharing of rooms with other events, and the task of students to
individual classes. It is a distributed system that enables multiple universities and
departmental schedule managers to collaborate on developing and modifying a
schedule that meets their diverse organizational needs while minimizing student
course conflicts. It can be used on its own to create and maintain a school's class
and/or exam schedule, or it can be integrated with an existing student information
system.

The UniTime timetabling system comes with four main modules:

• Course Scheduling and Management

• Scheduling of Examinations

• Event Management

• Student Scheduling

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Course Scheduling

The primary goal of course scheduling is to place each course at a time (or set of
times) that does not conflict with the time(s) assigned to any other required course
by the students enrolled in it. This is simple if only a few courses are taken in tandem
with the course of interest. It becomes significantly more difficult as the number of
courses requiring different time placements grows. The availability of faculty,
rooms, and a variety of other constraints complicates matters even further.

Figure 2.6 (Timetable created with UniTime Timetable Management System)

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Scheduling of Examinations

Each term, UniTime creates a comprehensive exam schedule that minimizes the
amount of conflicting exam placements for all students. It can also reduce the
number of back-to-back tests or students who have more than a certain number of
exams in a day. This is especially beneficial for schools and institutions with often
changing class offerings. Or many multi-section courses that do not fit well into
mapped exam timetables. UniTime can be used to generate schedules for both
midterm and final exams.

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2.5.3 UNIVOTEC Timetable Management System

the System able to.

1. generate the timetable based on the constraints entered by the Technical

Coordinator.
2. generate summary reports for decision making (for example, workload of a
specific lecturer, facility utilization, conformity checking against meeting
stipulated quality requirements/ standards).

Figure 2.7 UNIVOTEC Timetable Management System

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CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM ANALYSIS

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3.1 Introduction

The most essential and time-consuming aspect of a project is system

design. In this phase, the information gathered before is used to complete

the logical design of the information system. This includes designing user

interfaces, databases, and outputs in collaboration with users to satisfy

their information needs. The technical or implementation component of

the system development project was the emphasis of information system

design. The system analysis phase of a system development project is

carried out independently. The requirements from the requirement analysis

phase are transformed into technological solutions by the system designer.

Software architecture, database design, and interface design are all factors

in system design.

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3.2 Use-Case

3.2.1 Use Case Diagram

A Use Case diagram helps identify the main components and actions
that make up a system. In this diagram, the main components are known
as "actors," and the actions are referred to as "use cases." It illustrates
how actors interact with each use case. The Use Case diagram focuses
on the functional aspects of a system, specifically capturing the
business processes it performs. Additionally, these diagrams define the
requirements of the modeled system, serving as a basis for creating test
scripts for the system being modeled.

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Figure 3.1(use-case diagram)

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3.2.2 Use-Case Scenario

• Actors:
▪ Admin :The person with overall responsibility for managing
the system.
▪ Sub Admin (Teachers/Staff) :Users with limited access to
specific functions, such as viewing and managing their own
schedules.

3.2.2.1 Use-Case Scenario: Staff Management

Name: Staff Management
Actors: Admin & SubAdmin
Description This feature is used to add users to the system and
scope the privileges for Admins and SubAdmin.
Successful Completion: The Data of staff will be updated in Database.

Alternative: SubAdmin will add data of staff in his branch.

Precondition: The admin & SubAdmin will login first to access the
dashboard.
Post Condition: The admin & SubAdmin can search, add, update,
and remove staff details in the system using this
feature

Table 3.1 Staff Management

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3.2.2.2 Use Case Scenario: Room Management

Name: Room Management

Actors: Admin & SubAdmin

Description This feature is used to manage the rooms for

the class schedules.
Successful Completion: The Rooms data Will Be Updated in Database.

Alternative: The SubAdmin can access and manage all

room information For Only his Branch.
Precondition: -The admin & SubAdmin will login first to
access the Room Management module.
Post Condition: The admin & SubAdmin can search, add,
update, and remove room details in the system
using this feature

Table 3.2 Room Management

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3.2.2.3 Use Case Scenario: Course Management

Name: Course Management

Actors: Admin
Description This feature is used to manage the courses of the
students in the system.
Successful Completion: Data Will be Updated in Database.
Alternative: The admin can access and manage all courses
Inside Study Plan.
Precondition: The admin will login first to access the Course
Management module.
Post Condition: The admin can search, add, update, and remove
course details in the system using this feature

Table 3.3 Course Management

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3.2.2.4 Use Case Scenario: study plan Table.

Name: study plan

Actors: Admin
Description: This feature is used to manage study plan into
the system for Their timetable.
Successful Completion: Study Plan Data Will be Updated in Database
Alternative: The admin only Has Access to edit it.
Precondition: Admin and will first login to access the study
plan management module.
Post Condition: The admin can search, add, update, and remove
course details in the system using this feature.

Table 3.4 Study plan Management

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3.2.2.5 Use Case Scenario: Lecture & Sec Groups

Name: Lec & Sec Group Management

Actors: Admin & SubAdmin
Description This feature is used to manage the num of Groups
for each level.
Successful Completion: Data Will be Updated in Database.
Alternative: • The admin can access and manage all
Lecture groups.
• The SubAdmin can access and manage all
sec groups.
Precondition: The admin & SubAdmin will login first to access
the groups Management module.
Post Condition: The admin can search, add, update, and remove
course details in the system using this feature

Table 3.5 Lec & Ses Management

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3.2.2.6 Use Case Scenario: Create Lecture Schedule Table

Name: Create Lecture Schedule

Actors Admin
Description: The admin creates a schedule for all levels, ensuring no
Conflicts in time or room assignments.
Steps: 1- Admin logs in to the system.
2- Admin selects "Create Lecture Schedule."
3- Admin enters lecture details (course name,
instructor, duration, etc.).
4- The system displays available rooms and time slots.
5- Admin assigns rooms and times to lectures,
considering room availability, instructor schedules,
and avoiding course conflicts.
6- System verifies no conflicts exist.
7- Admin confirms schedule.
8- System generates and publishes lecture schedule
Constraints: • Room availability
• Instructor schedules
• Course conflicts
• Time Conflicts
Outcomes: • Conflict-free lecture Timetable
• Improved time management and resource
allocation

Table 3.6 Create Lecture Schedule

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3.2.2.7 Use Case Scenario: Manage Session Times Table

Name: Create Session Schedule

Actors SubAdmin
Description: Sub Admins (branch officials) set session times for his branch
only, based on the published lecture schedule.
Steps: 1. Sub Admin logs in to the system.
2. Sub Admin selects "Manage Session Times."
3. System displays lecture schedule all levels.
4. Sub Admin sets session times, ensuring compliance
with lecture schedule and room availability.
5. System verifies no conflicts exist.
6. Sub Admin confirms session times.
7. System generates and publishes session schedule.
Constraints: • Room availability
• Instructor schedules
• Course conflicts
• Time Conflicts
Outcomes: • Conflict-free Session Timetable
Alternative • Admin can create sec Timetables for all
branches.

Table 3.7 Create Session Schedule

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3.3 Class Diagram

Class diagrams play a crucial role in object-oriented analysis and design. They

visually represent the classes in a system, showcasing their relationships, such as

inheritance, aggregation, and association, along with the activities and attributes of

these classes. These diagrams serve multiple purposes, ranging from

conceptual/domain modeling to detailed design modeling, offering a comprehensive

view of the system's structure and functionality. To see the full diagram, click here.

Figure 3.2(login class diagram)

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Figure 3.3(sub-admin class diagram)

Figure 3.4(faculty class diagram)

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Figure 3.5(branch class diagram)

Figure 3.6(semester class diagram)

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Figure 3.7(study plan class diagram)

Figure 3.8 (courses staff class diagram)

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Figure 3.9(course class diagram)

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Figure 3.10 (staff class diagram)

Figure 3.11 (lecture groups class diagram)

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Figure 3.12 (lec groups class diagram)

Figure 3.13 (lec groups branches class diagram)

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Figure 3.14 (section number of groups class diagram)

Figure 3.15 (section groups class diagram)

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Figure 3.16 (room class diagram)

Figure 3.17 (time-table class diagram)

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Figure 3.18 (free time class diagram)

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Figure 3.19 (times in time-table class diagram)

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3.4 ERD Diagram

It is a visual representation used in system analysis to model and describe the

relationships between different entities in a system. In the context of database design
and software engineering, ERDs are a crucial tool for understanding the structure of
a system and its underlying data. Click here!

Figure 3.20 (Entity-Relationship Diagram)

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3.5 Schema Diagram

A database schema represents the logical configuration of all or part of a relational

database. It can exist both as a visual representation and as a set of formulas known
as integrity constraints that govern a database. These formulas are expressed in a
data definition language, such as SQL. As part of a data dictionary, a database
schema indicates how the entities that make up the database relate to one another,
including tables, views, stored procedures, and more.

Figure 3.21 (Schema Diagram)

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3.6 Sequence Diagram

During the execution of a use case or any action, this defines how objects
communicate with one another via messages. They show how messages are
delivered and received between objects, as well as the order in which messages are
sent. It also describes how operations are carried out according to the time of
operation.

Figure 3.22 (login Sequence diagram)

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Figure 3.23 (open add branch Sequence diagram)

Figure 3.24 (Add-room Sequence diagram)

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Figure 3.25 (Add courses Sequence diagram)

Figure 3.26 (Add Semester Sequence diagram)

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Figure 3.27 (Add Study Plane Sequence diagram)

Figure 3.28 (Add Section Number of Group Sequence diagram)

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Figure 3.29 (Add Staff Sequence diagram)

Figure 3.30 (Edit-branch Sequence diagram)

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Figure 3.31 (Edit-room Sequence diagram)

Figure 3.32 (Edit courses Sequence diagram)

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Figure 3.33(Edit Faculty Sequence diagram)

Figure 3.34 (Edit Section Number of Groups Sequence diagram)

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Figure 3.35 (Edit Semesters Sequence diagram)

Figure 3.36 (Edit Study Plan Sequence diagram)

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Figure 3.37 (Edit Workers Sequence diagram)

Figure 3.38 (Delete Study Plan Sequence diagram)

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Figure 3.39 (Delete Staff Sequence diagram)

Figure 3.40 (Delete Courses Sequence diagram)

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Figure 3.41 (Delete Faculty Sequence diagram)

Figure 3.42 (Delete Section Number of Groups Sequence diagram)

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Figure 3.43 (Delete Semesters Sequence diagram)

Figure 3.44 (Remove-branch Sequence diagram)

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Figure 3.45 (Remove-room Sequence diagram)

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3.7 Data Flow Diagram

A Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is a visualization tool that illustrates the information
flow within a system, mapping out processes, data stores, data flows, and external
entities, and depicting their interactions. Widely employed in system analysis and
design, DFDs facilitate a comprehensive understanding and documentation of
information flow dynamics within a given system.

Figure 3.46 (System Data Flow Diagram)

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CHAPTER 4
IMPLEMENTATION

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4.1 Introduction

This chapter details the implementation of the Timetable Management System

(TTMS). It covers the development environment key components, as well as the
methodologies used for coding, the key components of project parts (database,
frontend and backend) and how all these parts are linked together. The objective
is to provide a comprehensive overview of how the system was built, the
sufficient system.

4.2 Key Components Implementation

Implementation was guided by best practices in software development, ensuring

a robust, scalable, and user-friendly application. By leveraging modern
technologies and methodologies, the system is well-equipped to meet the needs
of educational institutions in managing their timetables efficiently, the
following key components will be showed in details on their implementation of
database, frontend and backend:

4.2.1 Login component:

This component will cover the login process to manage user registration,

login, and role-based access control.

• Database: here we start to create the “log” and “login” tables for

storing username and password for the users.

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Figure 4.1 (create “log” and “login” table)

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• Backend: here the session will start if there is a valid user login the
website by checking if it`s username and password was inserted to
database or not.

Figure 4.2 (login-user function)

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• Frontend: We created a form and interfaces for login and managed

using Angular.

Figure 4.3 (login form implementation)

Figure 4.4 (login form interface)

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4.2.2 Staff members component:

Staff members components will cover the information about members

their job type, branch they belong and so on, and functions will be
applied.

• Database: here we store information about staff members in

“staffmembers” table then insert their job type; branch they belong to
and so on.

Figure 4.5 (create staff table)

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Figure 4.6 (A sample of insertion into Job type and staff tables)

• Backend: we applied functions to staff data stored in database as

mentioned below.

Figure 4.7 (function staff reference in all the courses)

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Figure 4.8 (get the staff “freeTime” from the database)

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• Frontend: create a form for get staff and manage how the user will
add staff members with a friendly and easy user interface

Figure 4.9 (a form that get data about staff members)

Figure 4.10 (a form to add staff members data)

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4.2.3 Faculty and Courses component:

This component includes faculty and courses in the university.

• Database: create course and faculty tables and insert data collected to

store them.

Figure 4.11 (create faculty and courses table)

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Figure 4.12 (insert into faculty and courses into database)

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• Backend: collect all course data for creating lecture time table.

Figure 4.13 (insert into faculty and courses into database)

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• Frontend: implementation of course and faculty interface and the

functions created to handle the operations.

Figure 4.14 (get faculty form implementation and get faculty form)

Figure 4.15 (add course form interface)

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4.2.4 Lectures and sections component:

• Database: lectures and sections tables data were inserted with a high
degree of focus because they are two of the most important tables we
worked on.

Figure 4.16 (lectures and sections groups insertion)

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• Backend: Here are the functions to handle operations for lectures and
sections timetables creation.

Figure 4.17 (create lecture function)

Figure 4.18 (create section function)

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• Frontend: here we select the courses and semester also the name.

Figure 4.19 (create lecture table)

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4.2.5 Study plan and Semester component:

In study plan component it was implemented to handle different study

plans, Semester component implemented to handle courses in the
semester.
• Database: we created semester and study plan tables to store and
insert data collected, and this is the creation and a sample of insertion
of data collected.

Figure 4.20 (create semester and study plan tables)

Figure 4.21 (insert data into semester and study plan tables)

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• Backend: “getSemester” function is implemented to set semester

courses with reference to each other, and study plan class that contains
study plan function used in the operation of creating timetable.

Figure 4.22 (get semester function)

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Figure 4.23 (study plan class)

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• Frontend: allow user to add, edit and remove the study plan and
semester with a friendly user interface.

Figure 4.24 (get study-plan data and get semester data implementation)

Figure 4.25 (study-plan form)

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Figure 4.26 (semester form)

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4.2.6 Rooms and branches components:

Rooms in each branch not having the same type as The type of room
varies according to the academic content.

• Database: Stores information about the rooms available for scheduling,

branches are in the university, and insertion of them.

Figure 4.27 (create rooms and branches tables)

Figure 4.28 (rooms and branches tables insert)

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• Backend: each branch contains a number of rooms with different types,

therefor it takes a number of functions here is a sample of this
functions.

Figure 4.29 (get the “freeTime” for rooms in one branch)

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Frontend: Enables the management of rooms information, and branches.

Figure 4.30 (get branch data implementation)

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Figure 4.31 (get room data implementation)

Figure 4.32 (room data form)

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Figure 4.33 (branch data form)

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4.2.7 Timetable components:

Here we collect all previous tables, functions to make the final time table
to view it.

• Database: create table “timesintimetable” and “timetable” with

reference from other tables in database and insert the data collected.

Figure 4.34 (create table “timesintimetable” and timetable)

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• Backend: function to get all data for timetable from database.

Figure 4.35 (get all data for timetable from database)

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Figure 4.36 (get all data for timetable from database)

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• Frontend : this is the final table that view the timetable.

Figure 4.37 (final view of time table)

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CHAPTER 5
Testing & Evaluation

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5.1 Introduction
Testing is done to verify the results by testing each build, including both
internal and intermediate builds as well as final versions of the system to be
released to external parties” (Booch, Jacobson and Rumbaugh, 2003).

The steps involved are:

• Build the test plans required in each iteration.

• Perform integration and system tests.
• Create test cases to design and implement tests. Test cases define what
to test.
• how to test and create executable test components Systematically
handle and record test results of each test so that the significant defects
and be fixed.

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5.2 Test Plan

A software project test plan is a written document that outlines the goals,
scope, strategy, and emphasis of a software testing activity. Preparing a test
plan is a good approach to think through the steps required to confirm the
acceptance of a software product. The finished test plan will assist
consumers outside of the test group in comprehending the "why" and "how"
of product validation.

• Requirements Analysis: collecting and assessing customer requirements.

• Software Test Plan: defining the scope and goals, developing acceptable
testing techniques, developing a software testing strategy, assigning roles
and duties, defining resource needs, and establishing start and completion
criteria.

• Test Environment: establishing the test infrastructure, determining the

testing environment and tools, and installing and configuring the product.

• Test Metrics: a description of the areas to be measured, as well as the

creation and collection of metrics

• Test execution is the static and dynamic performance of testing that is

given for the use of human and automatic test cases as needed by STP and
STS.

• Defect Management (Bug Tracking), documenting testing results, defect

description (Problem Reports, Change Requests); defect review and testing

results analysis, faults repair, and defect resolution verification

• Status reports, weekly reports, milestone reports, and a closing report are
all examples of reporting

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5.7 Test Cases and Results:

A test case is a series of actions used to verify the correct behavior of an
application's functionality or feature. A test case is a document that defines Input,
Action, Event, and Expected Response in order to assess whether or not a feature
of an application is operating properly

The following tables include observations and summaries of carefully selected test
cases and outcomes.

Name User Login

Test case Input Expected result Status
Testing Connection Server name, Display Pass
to the Server user name, connection
password and confirmation page
database name
Login – Registered Username and Home page Pass
User password
Table 5.1 (User Login test)

Name Generate Timetables

Test case Input Expected result Status
Testing generate timetable Display newly Pass
timetable according according to the created timetable.
to the free define free define
constrains constrains
Constraints,
Subjects,
resources
Table 5.2 (Generate Timetables test)

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Name New Lecturers Insertion

Test case Input Expected result Status
Testing Insert New Staff member Display newly Pass
staff member with name, inserted member
all inputs Faculty, in staff members
Department, page
Name of subjects
Testing Insert New With few input error, the form Pass
lecturer with Some missing save bottom will
blank details not be able to
save
User tries to delete Clicks Delete Particular lecturer Failed
a staff member will be deleted
from the
database.
Table 5.3 (Generate Timetables test)

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5.8 System Testing Process

To guarantee that all parts of the system have been evaluated, test cases are
created using a wide range of test data. The inputs designed to test the
system are referred to as test data. These test cases are created using the
system requirements created during the project's design phase (i.e.,
knowledge of the program's structure and implementation).

5.9 Testing Data

The current manual System collected the system's test data, which was
saved in Excel and Word formats.

5.6 User Evaluation

The user evaluation is done by using a questioner. The questioner compost

of 10 questions to obtain user feedback. Regarding requirement fulfillness,
user friendliness, report generation, supporting to decision making
functionality, authentication, interface and response time.

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CHAPTER 6
CONCLUSION & FUTURE
WORK

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6.1 Problems Encountered

The total project completion time needs more time than the original project
schedule, because of the excessive development time. Most of the concepts
and technologies were new and comprehensive initial knowledge was
required to develop an appropriate website.

6.2 Critical Assessment

By the end of the project, almost all the primary objectives had been largely
accomplished. The main objective was to provide a web-based facility for
staff and the technical coordinator. As it was observed in the analysis phase,
the main areas included lecture timetable, section timetable, and management
reports. Separate User Management module is provided for the admin apart
from system backup facility. They all were proved to be of the acceptable
standard during the acceptance testing.

More effort is spent on system analysis and design throughout the project life
cycle. Various methods of data collection were utilized for system analysis.
They were meetings, past reports observation. As each requirement was
found, it was recorded in the Requirements Catalogue and due care was taken
to maintain the catalogue correctly as it serves as the main reference for the
other stages of the project. IEEE standards were used to document the
requirements catalogue. Regular requirement reviews were carried out to
ensure the accuracy of the requirements gathered.

User interfaces proved to be friendly and easy to use and consist with a good
color combination that mixed and kept the identity for EELU.

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6.3 Conclusion

EELUTTMS was developed to manage Lecture & section schedules. It is a

system created to give college staff members better support. To forecast, the
timetable module provides a stable foundation. It offers a feature that allows
users to create timetables Automatically. Additionally, this system includes a
database that stores information related to the staff and Branches subjects.

Timetabling problem is NP-complete, it is being the hard combinational problem

that would take more than just the application of only one principle. The timetable
problem may only be solved when the constraints and the allocations are clearly
defined and simplified thoroughly, and more than one principle is applied to it.

6.4 Future Work

Identified some further work to be done on implemented system. Since in the

development process followed incremental model for software development
which allows developing system incrementally module by module.

• Integrate system to SIS

University students and staff will have access to timetables that improve
the efficiency of organization functionality.

• Knowledge sharing

Since most of the modules are developed with the requirement gathered
from Stakeholders, others are not aware the exact functionality of other
system, therefore planning to do a hands-on practical session of all chosen
staff who operate with system.

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• Improve performance

can also develop predictive features that anticipate scheduling conflicts

or suggest time management improvements.

• Improve UX
Focus on simplifying data entry and editing of timetables.

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References

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[1] “Timetable Management System Software Report,” SlideShare,

https://www.slideshare.net/AdityaJain335/time-table-management-system-software-report
(accessed Feb. 10, 2024).

[2] MUHAMMED TISHAN, “ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA).” 2010

[3] © 2007 - 2024 UniTime Tomáš Müller, “University timetabling,” UniTime,

https://www.unitime.org/ (accessed Feb. 10, 2024).

[4] Unitime, https://www.unitime.org/present/apereo17-courses.pdf (accessed Feb. 10, 2024).

[5] R.D.P.Indika Priyadarshana, “Web Based Timetable Management System for University of
Vocational Technology (UNIVOTEC),” 2018 =

[6] T. S. Pang, “System architecture for B2B and SAAS,” Medium,

https://medium.com/@tatsean1977/system-architecture-for-b2b-and-saas-bc0da33e0d1e
(accessed Feb. 10, 2023).

[7] “Bullet TimeTabler Education – System demonstration.” Pedro Fernandes · Armando

Barbosa · Luis Moreira

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