Right Forms of Verb (Part- 02) +Clause

Conducted By: Saidul Islam Sabbir

Contact: 01810084542
[email protected]
26. ক োন ো sentence ‘It’ দ্বোরো শুরু হনে
পরবর্তী verb singular হয়।
কেম : It (to be) difficult to do.
Ans.: It is difficult to do. I
It (to be) you who have done this.
Ans.: It is you who have done this.

27. ক োন ো sentence েদি introductory there

দ্বোরো শুরু হয় এবং র্তোরপর singular number থোন ,
there-এর singular verb হয়। আর েদি there-এর
পনর plural number থোন র্তনব plural verb
হয়।
কেম : There (to be) a big river beside our
village.
Ans.: There was a big river beside our village.
There (to be) a lot of work left for us.
Ans.: There were a lot of work left for us.
28. Let, had better, had rather, would better,
would rather ইর্তযোদি থো নে base form বনে।
কেম : I would rather die than (beg) .
Ans.: I would rather die than beg.
Would you let me (go) there?
Ans.: Would you let me go there?

29. If েুক্ত clause-এর প্রথম অংশ Present indefinite tense হনে পনরর অংশ Future indefinite হয়, অথথোৎ structureটি হয়
‘If + Present
+ Future’.
কেম : If you work hard, you (prosper) in life. Ans.: If you work hard, you will prosper in life.
If he reads more he (pass) in the examination. Ans.: If he reads more, he will pass in the examination.
,
30. If-েুক্ত clause-এর প্রথম অংশ past Indefinite tense হনে পনরর অংনশ subject-এর পনর would/could/
might বনে এবং verb-এর Present form হয়। অথথোৎ, structureটি হয় ‘If + Past indefinite’—(Subject + would/could/might
+ verb-এর Present
form)।
কেম : If he agreed, I (give) the money. Ans.: If he agreed, I would give the money.
If you studied, you (get) a good result. Ans.: If you studied, you would get a good
result.
If they tried, they (succeed). Ans.: If they tried, they would succeed.
31. If-েুক্ত clause-এর প্রথম অংশ Past perfect tense হনে পনরর অংনশ subject-এর পনর would have/could
have/might have বনে এবং verb-এর Past participle form হয়।
কেম : If you had finished it sincerely, you
(get) a profit. Ans.: If you had finished it sincerely, you would have got a profit.
If I had possessed vast wealth, I (help) the poor people.
Ans.: If I had possessed vast wealth, I would have helped the poor people.

32. To বযোদর্তর্ত preposition-এর পনরর verb-এর েনে ing েুক্ত হয়।

কেম : He is now engaged in (read). Ans.: He is now engaged in reading.
One can gather knowledge by (travel). Ans.: One can gather knowledge by traveling.
,
33. Can not help, could not help, look forward to, with a view to, get used to, mind ইর্তযোদির
পনর verb-এর েনে ing েুক্ত হয়।
কেম : He came to Dhaka with a view to
(find) a job. Ans.: He came to Dhaka with a view to finding a job.
I cannot help (laugh). Ans.: I cannot help laughing.
,
34. ক োন ো sentence-এর শুরুনর্ত subject-এর স্থোন verb থো নে verb-এর েনে ing কেোগ হয়।
কেম : (To swim) is a good exercise. Ans.: Swimming is a good exercise.
(To speak) is an art. Ans.: Speaking is an art.
,
35. If-েুক্ত clause-এর প্রথমটিনর্ত subject-এর পর were থো নে দদ্বর্তীয় অংনশ subject-এর
পনর would/could/ might বনে এবং verb-এর Present from বনে। আবোর, would have/could
have/would have-ও বেনর্ত পোনর। কে
কেনে verb-এর Past participle form বনে।
কেম : If I were an artist, I (draw) a nice picture. Ans: If I were a artist, I would draw a nice picture.
If I were a billionaire, I (establish) a hospital for the poor.
Ans.: If I were a billionaire, I would establish a hospital for the poor.

36. Had-এর পনর subject এবং verb-এর Past participle থো নে পরবর্তী clause-এর subject- এর পনর would
have/could have/might have + verb-এর Past participle form বনে।
কেম : Had I been a teacher, I (talk) the real story to my students.
Ans.: Had I been a teacher, I would have talked the real story to my students.
37. Verb ‘to be’-দবহী sentence-ক negative বো interrogative রনর্ত হনে tense ও subject- এর
number ও person অ ে ু োনর do, does, did
বযবহোর রনর্ত হনব।
কেম : We not (play) Ha-du-du. Ans.: We do not play Ha-du-du.
She not (play) football. Ans.: She does not play football.
,
38. েোধোরণর্ত preposition—on, in of, for, from, by, after at, beyond, upon, against, with, without,
before ইর্তযোদি—এর পনর verb-এর েনে ing কেোগ হয়।
Rina is busy in (do) her homework.
Ans.: Rina is busy in doing her homework.
Keep on (try) hard.
Ans.: Keep on trying hard.
39. Interrogative sentence েদি who, what, why, which, when, where, whose, how ইর্তযোদি
question word দ্বোরো শুরু হয়, র্তোহনে subject-এর আনগ tense ও person অ ে ু োয়ী auxiliary
verb বযবহোর রনর্ত হনব।
Why he (look) so happy? Ans.: Why does he look so happy?
When father (come)? Ans.: When will father come?
,
40. েোধোরণর্ত দ নে দেদির্ত verb-গুনেোর পনর gerund বনে। কেম : admit, enjoy, report,
appreciate, finish, recent, avoid, mind, resist, miss, resume, consider, postpone, risk, delay,
practice, suggest, escape, imagine, save, recall, prevent, propose, stop, deny, quit ইর্তযোদি।
We enjoy (watch) TV. Ans.: We enjoy watching TV.
I have finished (writing).
Ans.: I have finished writing.
Clause:
A clause is referred to as a group of words which has a subject and a predicate and acts as a
part of a complex or compound sentence.

Clause এ টি শব্দগুচ্ছ েোর এ টি subject (উনেশয) এবং এ টি predicate (দবনধয়) আনে

এবং েো এ টি complex অথবো এ টি compound sentence এর অংশ দহনেনব োজ নর ।

Example: When the girl was singing, we were listening to her.

Here the sentence has two clauses, “When the girl was singing” and “we were listening to
her”, each having a subject and a predicate.

এিোন sentence টির িুটি clause আনে, “When the girl was singing” এবং “we were
listening to her”, প্রদর্তটিরই এ টি subject (উনেশয) এবং এ টি predicate (দবনধয়) আনে ।
Types of Clause:

Clauses are mainly of two types: Clause প্রধো র্ত: িুই প্র োর:
1. Independent Clause (Main Clause)
2. Dependent Clause (Subordinate Clause)

Dependent Clause can be again divided into three types. Dependent Clause কে
আবার তিন ভাগে ভাে েরা যায়:

Noun Clause.
Adjective or Relative Clause.
Adverb Clause

Adjective বা Relative Clause কে আবার দুই ভাগে ভাে েরা যায়।

Restrictive Clause
Nonrestrictive Clause
All types of clauses are discussed below:
Independent Clauses (Main Clause): An independent clause is a clause
which has a complete meaning and can stand alone as a sentence. Simple
sentences are independent clauses.

এ টি Independent Clause হনেো এম এ টি clause েোর এ টি পূণথ অথথ

আনে এবং েো এ োই এ টি sentence দহনেনব িোাঁড়োনর্ত পোনর । Simple
sentence গুনেোই হে independent clause

Example: The University is closed today.

I am going out for a vacation.
She is studying very hard.

উপনরর েব simple sentence গুনেোই independent clauses োরণ েবোরই পূণথ

অথথ আনে এবং পৃথ ভোনব sentence দহনেনব িোাঁড়োনর্ত পোনর ।
Dependent Clause (Subordinate Clause): Subordinate or dependent clauses refer to the type of
clauses that depend on an independent clause to express a complete meaning and cannot stand alone as a
sentence. These clauses start with a dependent word like a relative pronoun or a subordinate conjunction. Such
as, who, because, and, but, although, where, when, etc.

এেটি dependent clause হল এমন এেটি clause যা এেটি পূর্ অ ণ র্ প্র

ণ োশ েরগে এেটি independent clause এর
উপর ননভণর েগর এবং এেটি পৃর্ে sentence নহগেগব দাাঁড়াগে পাগর না । এই clause গুগলা এেটি ননভণরশলল শব্দ
ের্া এেটি relative pronoun অর্বা এেটি subordinate conjunction নদগয় শুরু হয় ।

কযমন: who, because, and, but, although, where, when, প্রভৃ নে।

Example:The writer who came here was my friend.

When the rain stopped, we started our journey.
She could not come because she was not in the city.

Here, ”who came here”, “When the rain stopped” and “because she was not in the city” are subordinate clauses
as they cannot stand alone as sentences and are dependent on the independent clauses in the mentioned
sentences.

এখাগন, ”who came here”, “When the rain stopped” এবং “because she was not in the city” হল subordinate
clause োরর্ োরা পৃর্ে sentence নহগেগব বযবহৃে হগে পাগর না এবং উগেনখে sentence গুগলার independent
clause এর উপর ননভণরশলল ।
Dependent Clause ক আবোর দর্ত ভোনগ ভোগ রো েোয়।

1. Noun Clause
2. Adjective or Relative Clause
3. Adverb Clause

These types are discussed below.

Noun Clause:
The clause which can replace any noun in a sentence and act as a subject, object or complement is called noun clause.

কে clause এ টি sentence এ কেন ো noun এর পদরবনর্তথ বনে এবং subject, object বো complement দহনেনব ভূ দম ো পোে নর
র্তোন noun clause বনে ।

Clause marker: That, What, how, when, why, whether

That he stole the pen is clear
Why he has done this is mysterious
Example: The book I bought yesterday was really helpful to complete my assignment.
Or What I bought yesterday was really helpful to complete my assignment.
Here “What I bought yesterday” is a noun clause acting as the subject.
এিোন “What I bought yesterday” এ টি noun clause েো subject দহনেনব োজ রনে।

Sub+aux+main verb+ obj

I did not know that she is coming.
Sub+aux+main v+ obj

Here “that she is coming” is the noun clause acting as the object.

এখাগন “that she is coming” এেটি noun clause যা object নহগেগব োজ েরগে।

I am sad that you are leaving tomorrow.

Here “that you are leaving tomorrow” is a noun clause acting as an adjective complement
because it answers the question “why am I sad?”

এখাগন “that you are leaving tomorrow” এেটি noun clause যা adjective complement নহগেগব
োজ েরগে োরর্ এটি “আনম কেন দু:নখে” এই প্রগের উত্তর নদগে ।
Adjective or Relative Clause:
The clause which describes a noun just like an adjective is called adjective or relative clause.

কয clause এেটি nounকে এেটি adjective এর মে বর্না

ণ েগর োগে adjective বা relative clause বগল।

i) Adjective Clause with relative Pronoun as subject

Adjective clause এ েোধোরণর্ত Relative Pronoun দহনেনব Who, which, that, whom, whose ইর্তযোদি
বনে থোন ।

Example :

Jerry was a poor boy who lived in the orphanage

উপনরর sentence- এ who lived in the orphanage- adjective clause োরণ who Relative pronoun
দ্বোরো clause টি "Boy" noun টিন modify নরনে।
ii) Adjective clause with relative pronoun as objectঃ

The boy whom we helped was very helpless

উপনরর sentence এ whom we helped- Adjective clause োরণ র্তো "The boy" noun টির পনর বনে
noun টিন qualify নরনে। র্তোেোড়ো "whom" relative pronoun এর objective form.

iii) Adjective clause with relative pronoun as possessive:

Example: He has a house whose colour is white

Adverb Clause:

An adverb clause expresses where, when, how and why something occurs.

এ টি adverb clause ক োথোয়, ি , দ ভোনব এবং ক ক ো দ েু ঘনে র্তো কবোঝোয় ।

Example:

I will meet you when I have completed all my assigned tasks.

Here “when I have completed all my assigned tasks” is an adverb clause as it is expressing when I will meet
you.

এিোন “when I have completed all my assigned tasks” এ টি adverb clause োরণ এেো কবোঝোনচ্ছ, ি আদম
কর্তোমোর েোনথ কিিো রব ।
Important Questions:
1. One hundred years have passed since --------
a. Kazi Nazrul Islam joined the First World War. b. Rabindranath Tagore got the Noble Prize.
c. Begum Rokeya was born. d. Dr. Muhammad Shahidulah was born

2. You had better to hurry if you don't want to miss the bus.
a. had better to hurry b. were in a hurry c. had to hurry d. had better hurry

3. Some of the people were standing in the gallery -----the show, while others were cheering the performers
a. watching b. is watching c. watched d. have been watching

4. If ---------- a millionaire, I ------- help every worth cause.

a. be ,should b. was , could c. were , would d. on , may

5. Before the Aryans--------------to India, the Kaybarty ana other ethnic groups had lived there .
a. have come b. came c. comes d. would come
6. .Walk fast lest you (miss) the train. a. would missed b. missed c. will miss d. should miss

7. Choose the correct form

a. He fell down while he was walking b. He fell down while he walked
c. He fell down while he was walked d. He fell down while he walking

8. We look forward ----------a digital Bangladesh.

a. to see b. to seeing c. seeing d. to be seen

9. If ( I have ) following that other car too closely, I would have been able to stop in time instead of running into it.
a. had not been b. have not c. would have been d. will have

10 . Today's youngsters-------themselves in----------too much mobile contacts with their peers.

a. engage, making b. engaged, making c. keeping, doing d. busy, doing Ans. a
11. Do you remember the place where we met first?
A. main clause B. Adjective clause
C. adverb clause D. noun clause
12 . Which kind of clause is the following underlined words? The news that you heard yesterday is known to all
A. a noun clause B. an adjective clause
C. An adverb clause D. a co-ordinate clause
13. The man wants something to eat. The underlined phrase is ?
A. prepositional phrase B. adverbal phrase
C. adjective phrase D. noun phrase
14. I don’t know what they want
A. noun clause B. adverbal clause
C. adjective clause D. Subordinate clause
15 . This is the multimedia projector that our class used .-The underlined unit is
A. noun clause B. adjective clause
C. verbal clause D. preposition clause
16 . The underlined clause is ? Nobody knows when he will die
A. principal clause B. noun clause
C. adverbal clause D. adjective clause
17 . Identify the sentence with adjective clause .
A. I know what he said. B. He is the boy who come here yesterday.
C. The rumor, that she died, is not true. D. She reads hard so that she can pass
18. I know that he has passed.
A. adverbal clause B. principal clause
C. adjective clause D. noun cluse
19 . He often visits Spain because he likes the climate. The underlined clause is
A. principal clause B. adjective clause
C. noun cluse D. none
20 . He asked me whether I would help him . The underlined clause is
A. noun cluse B. adjective clause
C. adverbal clause D. prepositional clause