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The document details an experiment conducted to investigate the relationship between the length of a simple pendulum and its oscillation period. The objective was to measure the period and verify the theoretical formula T = 2π√(L/g). Results showed a direct correlation, confirming that longer pendulums oscillate more slowly.

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0 views

البندول

The document details an experiment conducted to investigate the relationship between the length of a simple pendulum and its oscillation period. The objective was to measure the period and verify the theoretical formula T = 2π√(L/g). Results showed a direct correlation, confirming that longer pendulums oscillate more slowly.

Uploaded by

bb24333ada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Republic of Yemen

The Ministry of Education and Higher Education

Sana'a University

Faculty of Engineering

Mechatronics Engineering Department

Simple pendulum

Done by:
Stu. Ebraheem Sameer Hanthel
00

Group:2
System:( PrivateExpense )
Supervise by:
Dr. Hossam AL-Khatip
1. Introduction

A simple pendulum consists of a weight (bob) attached to a string or rod, which swings
back and forth under the influence of gravity. The purpose of this experiment is to explore
the relationship between the length of the pendulum and the period of its oscillation. We
will use this relationship to verify the formula for the period of a simple pendulum.

2. Objective

The main objective of this experiment is to measure the period of a simple pendulum and
investigate how it depends on the length of the string. Additionally, we aim to verify the
theoretical formula for the period of a simple pendulum:

T = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{L}{g}}

= period of the pendulum

= length of the pendulum

= acceleration due to gravity

3. Experiment Tools

Bob (small heavy object)

String or inextensible thread

Stopwatch

Ruler or measuring tape

Protractor (optional, for measuring small angles)

Stand (to suspend the pendulum)

Clamp (to hold the string)

4. Experiment Connection Diagram

A stand is used to hold the string, with the bob attached at the free end. The string is
attached to the stand using a clamp or knot. The bob is pulled to one side at a small angle
(less than 15°) and released. The stopwatch is used to measure the time for one
complete oscillation (period). The setup is illustrated below:
5. Procedures

1. Set up the pendulum by attaching a bob to a string, and secure the string to a stand.

2. Measure the length of the pendulum (from the pivot point to the center of the bob).

3. Displace the pendulum by a small angle (less than 15°) and release it gently.
4. Start the stopwatch as the bob passes through the lowest point.

5. Measure the time for 10 complete oscillations and calculate the average time per
oscillation (T).

6. Repeat the experiment for different lengths of the string (e.g., 20 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm, 80
cm, and 100 cm).

7. Record the data in a table.


6.Results

Pendulum The time of ten Time of one Square of the The value of Experiment
length L complete vibration time one gravity error rate
(cm) vibration (s) vibration
(s)
( acceleration g
) (m/
10 7:02 0.702 0.492804 8.01097 18.25541
15 7:87 0.787 0.619369 9.56096 2.43918
6.
20 9:12 0.912 0.813744 9.70229 0.99704
25 10:03 1.003 1.006009 9.81065 6.31989
30 11:14 1.114 1.240996 9.54356 2.61673
35 11:99 1.199 1.437601 9.61146 1.92388
40 12:98 1.298 1.684804 9.37282 4.35898
45 13:90 1.39 1.9321 9.19481 6.17541
50 14:62 1.462 2.137444 9.23495 5.76582
55 15:26 1.526 2.328676 9.32424 4.85469
60 16:13 1.613 2.601769 9.10421 7.09989
65 16:44 1.644 2.702736 9.49444 3.11796
70 17:41 1.741 3.031081 9.11717 6.96765
75 17:94 1.794 3.218436 9.19975 6.125
80 18:60 1.86 3.4596 9.12901 6.84684

7. Curve
8. Discussion
The results indicate a direct relationship between the length of the pendulum and
its period, consistent with the theoretical formula:

T = 2π√(L/g)

where T is the period, L is the length of the pendulum, and g is the acceleration
due to gravity. The experimental data supports this relationship, demonstrating
that longer pendulums oscillate more slowly.

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