Scribd
Upload
2 views

SAMPLING AND SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION

The document discusses sampling and sampling distribution, defining key terms such as population, sample, and random sampling techniques. It outlines various random and nonrandom sampling methods, explains how to determine sample size using Sloven's formula, and differentiates between statistics and parameters. Additionally, it provides an illustrative example of constructing a sampling distribution from a given data set.

Uploaded by

RODULFO V. PAQUINGAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

SAMPLING AND SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION

The document discusses sampling and sampling distribution, defining key terms such as population, sample, and random sampling techniques. It outlines various random and nonrandom sampling methods, explains how to determine sample size using Sloven's formula, and differentiates between statistics and parameters. Additionally, it provides an illustrative example of constructing a sampling distribution from a given data set.

Uploaded by

RODULFO V. PAQUINGAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

SAMPLING AND SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION

Terms to define:
Sampling - another form of probability
distribution.
Population - the entire group to be studied
and investigate.
Sample - a subset taken from a population.
Random Sampling - a selection of n
elements from population.

TYPES OF RANDOM SAMPLING


TECHNIQUES
1. Lottery Sampling - a technique where
every member of population has an equal
chance of being selected.
2. Systematic Sampling - members of
population are listed and samples are
selected in intervals called sample
intervals.
3. Stratified Sampling - members of the
population are grouped based on their
homogeneity.
4. Cluster Sampling - sometimes called
area sampling and applied on geographical
basis.
5. Multi-stage Sampling - done using
combination of different sampling
techniques.

NONRANDOM SAMPLING is used when the


sample is not a proportion of the
population.
Types of Nonrandom Sampling Techniques
1.Accidental Sampling - meets by chance.
2.Quota Sampling - specified number of
persons.
3.Convenience Sampling - fastest sampling
techniques.
4.Purposive Sampling - used in very small
sample size.
HOW TO DETERMINE SAMPLE SIZE
Formula: n = 1+ N e known as Sloven’s
N
2

Formula.
Where: N is the population size and e is the
margin of error.
Illustrative Example.
A researcher wants to study the
academic performance in Stat. and Prob.
Of students in a certain school. The school
has a population of 12,000 students. If the
researcher allows a margin of error of 5%,
how many students must he include in his
sample?
Solution:
It was given that N=12,000 and e=5%
Using Sloven’s formula, the sample size is
computed as follows:
n=
N
2
1+ N e

12,000
= 1+ 12,000 ( 0.05) = 1+ 12,000(0.0025) = 1+30
12,000 12,000
2

= = 387.096 or 387
12,000
31

STATISTICS AND PARAMETER


Statistics - is a number which describes a
sample.
Parameter - is a descriptive measure of a
population.
SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION-is a probability
distribution when all possible samples of
size n are repeatedly drawn from a
population.

Illustrative Example:
Construct a sampling distribution of
the mean and a histogram for the set of
data, 86, 89, 92, 95, and 98.
Solution:
Step 1. Solve for the population mean.
µ= N =
∑X 86+89+ 92+95+98
=92
5

Step 2. Construct all random samples


consisting of three observations (n = 3)
from the given data set. Arrange the
observations in ascending order without
replacement and repetition. Then get the
sample mean of each random sample. See
the table below.
Random sample Sample mean
(n=3)
86, 89, 92 89
86, 89, 95 90
86, 89, 98 91
86, 92, 95 91
86, 92, 98 92
86, 95, 98 93
89, 92, 95 92
89, 92, 98 93
89, 95, 98 94
92, 95, 98 95

Observe that 89, 90, 94, and 95 appeared


only once; thus, their probability is
P(x) = 10 or 0.1. Since 91, 92, 93 appeared
1

twice, their probability is P(x)= 10 or 0.2.


2

Step 3. Construct the sampling distribution


of the sample means.
Sample mean Probability
89 0.1
90 0.1
91 0.2
92 0.2
93 0.2
94 0.1
95 0.1

Observe that the total probability of all the


sample means must be equal to 1.
Step 4. Construct the histogram for the
sample means.

0.2

0.1

89 90 91 92 93 94 95

Sample mean
Class Activity/Exercise 1.1
Name:___________________Grade & Section:_________ Date: _____
A population consists of the numbers 3, 6, 7, 11, and 4.
Determine all possible samples of size 3 from this population
and compute the mean of each sample.
Solution/Answer.

You might also like