Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

Curriculum Integration in Makabayan

A Report Submitted to
Ms. Clarizza Juliet V. Limbo
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
THE NATIONAL ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY
LEMERY CAMPUS

In partial fulfillment
of the Requirement for the Subject
SSED 313 Integrative Methods in Social Studies

Submitted by:
Buno, Kyra Denille
Cantal, Mary Ann
De Castro, John Carlo
Santianes, Princess Anne M.

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

August 2024

II. INTRODUCTION

Makabayan, the fifth learning area in the basic education, has learning components that

are interdisciplinary in nature. The interdisciplinary of Makabayan makes it a touchstone

for integration in basic education. The Basic Education Curriculum (BEC) emphasizes

that the core focus of curriculum reform is the imperative to enhance the quality of

learning by employing creativity and innovation in the design and delivery of educational

processes. With the desire to improve the quality of learning is the need to be responsive

and relevant on the global and local changes. The 2002 basic education curriculum has

three forms, first is the articulation of more complex and higher level learning goals,

second is the streamlining and integration of learning areas in the curriculum and lastly,

the use of creative and innovative teaching approaches to improve student learning. The

necessity of routinely updating a curriculum is widely accepted, not simply to absorb new

information but also to adjust to shifting environmental, technical, social, and

international settings. In the same year Department of Education Culture Sports

introduced the BEC in all public schools in order to develop students who are patriotic

(makabayan), humanity (makatao), respectful of nature (makakalikasan) and Godly

(maka-diyos).

Makabayan is a integrated learning area that combines various discipline that includes

Civics and Culture, Geography, History and Civics, Home Economics and Livelihood

Education (HELE), and Music, Arts and Physical Education (MAPE). In this sense

students are taught to understand deeply what is meant to be a true Filipino. Makabayan

curriculum encourage students to actively participate in community and national

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

development. By integrating various disciplines, students are able to apply their learnings

on real life situations, enhance their critical thinking skills, problem solving and ethical

decision making.

Furthermore, Makabayan from First to Fourth Year is designed to develop the personal,

social and work special skills of learners especially their interpersonal skills, empathy

with other cultures, vocational efficiency, problem-solving, and decision-making in daily

life, that is, to develop socio-cultural and politico-economic literacy. The children will

team basic body movements, games, musical skills, and art concepts. In the context of

secondary (high school) education, the Makabayan curriculum served as a laboratory of

life, where students were expected to develop skills, values, and attitudes necessary for

becoming responsible and productive citizens.

Through its diverse components, Makabayan aims to cultivate a well-rounded, value-

laden educational experience that integrates knowledge from various disciplines to

promote personal and national development. In relation to that, the goal of this subject is

make the students equipped with sense of pride and belonging, it also shapes the students

personality and make them an informed and engaged member of the society where they

belong. Makabayan also helps them to learn the importance of having such values such as

respect,cooperation, and social responsibility. By this,every students will carry the love

and commitment until their adulthood.

III. DISCUSSION

MAKABAYAN

Makabayan, the fifth learning area in the basic education, has learning components that

are interdisciplinary in

nature. The interdisciplinary of Makabayan makes it a touchstone for integration in basic

education.

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

In 2002, the DECS decided to introduce BEC for formal basic education in all public

schools. It is to develop persons who are patriotic (makabayan), humanity(makatao),

Respectful of Nature (makalikasan), Godly (makaDiyos).

Makabayan, the fifth learning area in the basic education, has leaming components that

are interdisciplinary in nature. The interdisciplinary of Makabayan makes it a touchstone

for integration in basic education

MAKABAYAN- Provides many opportunities for integrative and interactive learning.

Includes Social Studies (AP), Civics, Geography, History, MAPE (MSEP), HELE

 Sibika at Kultura- Civics and Culture

 HEKASI- Heograpiya, Kasaysayan at Sibika (Geography, History and Civics)

 HELE-Home Economics and Livelihood Education

 MSEP/MAPE- Music, Arts and PE

MAKABAYAN LEARNING COMPONENTS

Makabayan provides many opportunities for integrative and interactive learning.

What is said of Makabayan as a learning area?

Makabayan is said to be a "laboratory of life" or a practice environment.

*It is a learning area that is experiential, interactive, interdisciplinary and value laden.

*It is the learning area that provides the Filipino learner the quality time to demonstrate

practical knowledge and skills of empathy, vocational efficiency and problem solving in

daily life.

*Love of country serves as the unifying principle for the diverse values in this learning

rea, thus it is called pagkamakabayan or makabayan for short

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

As a practice environment, Makabayan will cultivate in the learner a healthy, personal,

and national self-concept which includes an adequate understanding of Philippine history

and a genuine appreciation of our local culture, crafts, arts, music and games.

*Makabayan will promote a constructive or healthy patriotism which neither hostile nor

isolationist toward other nations but appreciative of global interdependence.

*The core competencies in the clementary level come from varied disciplines such as

Social Studies, Home Economics, Physical Education, Health, Music and Arts.

ELEMENTARY MAKABAYAN

 Civics and Culture, 1 to 3

The competencies of Civics and Culture are clustered around three major values:

(1) national identity and self-esteem:

(2) national unity, and

(3) loyalty to the nation.

 Geography, History and Civics, 4 to 6.

In grade 4 Makabayan,it is anchored in geography that helps students to have a wide

understanding of the Philippines by integrating it with the context of history and

geography.Students start by learning about the country's position in Southeast Asia,

exploring its diverse landforms such as the Sierra Madre mountain range and the active

Mayon Volcano, and examining important bodies of water like Manila Bay.The study of

this landforms is not only for sake of knowing their features but also understanding their

contributions in the local community.For example,Students learn about Manila Bay's

strategic importance during colonial times and how natural resources have shaped the

nation's economy and development.By integrating this elements,the students learned how

geography affects the societal context as well as societal development. This area not only

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

deepens their knowledge about their environment but also enhance a sense of

responsibility towards environmental conservation, emphasizing the importance of

preserving natural resources and supporting sustainable practices.

In Grade 5 history, students explore key moments and figures in Philippine history. They

start with pre-colonial societies, learning about early Filipino communities, the barangay

system, and leaders like Lapu-Lapu. The curriculum then covers Spanish colonization,

focusing on events like Ferdinand Magellan's arrival, the introduction of Christianity, and

the impact on Filipino culture, with key figures such as Miguel López de Legazpi.

Students also study the Philippine Revolution of 1896, including the roles of José Rizal,

Andrés Bonifacio, and Emilio Aguinaldo. The course concludes with the transition to

American rule, examining the Philippine-American War, new educational and democratic

reforms, and changes in economic policies

In Grade 6 Civics, students learn about government structure and their roles within it.

They begin with the three branches of government: the executive branch, led by the

President, which enforces laws and manages national policies; the legislative branch,

which includes Congress (Senate and House of Representatives) and is responsible for

proposing and passing laws; and the judicial branch, which interprets laws. Students also

study local government functions, including the roles of barangay officials and mayors in

managing community resources and services. Additionally, the curriculum covers the

balance between rights and responsibilities, teaching students about fundamental rights,

such as freedom of speech and voting, and civic responsibilities like obeying laws and

participating in community service.

 Home Economic and Livelihood Education

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

HELE provides students with practical skills in cooking, sewing, budgeting, and home

management, complementing the values taught in Makabayan. While Makabayan covers

history, culture, and citizenship, HELE helps students apply this knowledge in daily life,

reinforcing self-reliance and community responsibility. Together, they offer a well-

rounded education that combines cultural understanding with practical skills, preparing

students to manage their lives effectively and contribute positively to their communities.

 Music, Arts, Physical Education and Health

This component in Makabayan in Grade 1 to 6 will enable the

child to express his feelings, imagination, and ideas through music, art and physical

activities. The children will learn basic body movements, games, musical skills, and art

concepts.

SECONDARY MAKABAYAN

The secondary makabayan is designed to develop the personal, social and work

special skills of learners especially their interpersonal skills, empathy with other cultures,

vocational efficiency, problem-solving, and decision-making in daily life, that is, to

develop socio-cultural and politico-economic literacy. The Philippine Department of

Education has started to reorganize the secondary school curriculum. In order to prepare

students for their roles in society and the country. It will help the students to collaborate

on activities, basic body motions, musical abilities, and artistic ideas. Within the

framework of high school education, the Makabayan curriculum functioned as a testing

ground.

This are the subjects included in secondary makabayan, the Social Studies

(Araling Panlipunan), Values Education ( Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao), Technology and

Livelihood Education (TLE), and Music,Arts,Physical Education and Health (MAPEH).

This will cultivate in the learner a healthy personal and national self-concept, which

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

includes adequate understanding of Philippine history and genuine appreciation of our

local cultures, crafts, arts, music, and games.

The secondary curriculum In the Philippines is designed to provide a well-

rounded education through four key components.

Araling Panlipunan (Social Studies) focuses on current affairs, geography, history, and

economics to enhance students’ understanding of their nation’s past, civic

responsibilities, and global role.

TLE (Technology and Livelihood Education) equips students with practical skills in areas

like computer education, entrepreneurship, home economics, and agriculture, preparing

them for everyday life and future careers.

MAPEH develops students’ appreciation and abilities in music, arts, physical education,

and ethics.

Values Education (Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao) emphasizes moral and ethical

development, teaching Filipino values, decision-making, and responsible behavior in the

community and society.

MAKABAYAN TEACHING TEAMS

Schools principals both in elementary and secondary schools are tasked to organized

Makabayan teaching teams to handle the following learning areas (subjects).

ELEMENTARY MAKABAYAN

 Civics and Culture, 1-3 (Sibika at Kultura, SK)

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 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

Focused on shaping the knowledge of students about their community, culture, and

history.

 Grade 1

Teaching the Basic Concepts of Citizenship: Recognizing national symbols such

as the flag, the national anthem, and national emblems.

Family and Community: Understanding the members of the family and their roles,

as well as the different types of communities.

National Identity: Introducing the heroes and important figures in the history of the

Philippines.

 Grade 2

Filipino Communities: A study on the different types of communities in the

Philippines, including the characteristics of rural and urban areas.

Culture and Tradition: Recognizing the traditions, attire, food, and festivals that

are part of Filipino culture.

Simple Geography of the Philippines: A study of the main landforms and bodies of

water in the country.

 Grade 3

History of the Philippines: A brief discussion on significant events in the history of

the Philippines, such as the colonization by the Spanish and the rise of independence.

Natural Resources of the Philippines: Recognizing the country's natural resources

and how people benefit from them.

Strengthening Citizenship: Valuing the laws, duties, and rights as a citizen of the

Philippines.

 Geography, History and Civics, 4-6

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 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

A vital part of the curriculum aimed at deepening students' understanding of their

country, from the geographical aspect to its history and their duties as citizens

 Grade 4

Geography of the Philippines: A study of the regions in the Philippines, including

landforms and bodies of water, climate, and natural resources of each region.

Human Resources of the Philippines: A Discussion on Population, Culture, and

Ethnolinguistic Groups in the Country.

Cultural Heritage: Recognizing the traditions, beliefs, and practices of Filipinos

that strengthen their identity.

 Grade 5

History of the Philippines: A presentation of the history of the Philippines from

ancient times, colonization, to the movements for independence.

Heroes and Important Events: Recognizing the heroes of the Philippines and the

key events that paved the way for the attainment of freedom.

Government and Society: A discussion on the structures of government and the role

of each citizen in maintaining order and development in the country.

 Grade 6

Continuation of the History of the Philippines: A study of history from the

American period, Japanese occupation, to the present time.

Government of the Philippines: A deeper discussion about the branches of

government, the electoral system, and the laws in effect in the country.

Citizenship: Deepening the understanding of the rights and responsibilities of

citizens, the role of Filipinos in democracy, and the importance of participation in

community activities.

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

 Home Economics and Livelihood Education, 4-6

Aiming to provide students with practical ski ls that they can use in their daily lives and

in the future

 Grade 4

Self-Care and Family: Teaching basic knowledge about personal hygiene, health,

and proper household management practices.

Cooking and Nutrition: Studying simple recipes, proper food preparation, and the

importance of a balanced diet for health.

Simple Household Tasks: Teaching the proper methods of cleaning the house,

sewing, and caring for clothes.

 Grade 5

Household Management: A deeper study on family budget planning and

management, as well as the proper use of household appliances.

Business Skills: Teaching simple concepts of entrepreneurship, such as product

creation, pricing, and selling goods.

Gardening and Animal Care: Training students in gardening and basic animal care

as part of their livelihood.

 Grade 6

Planning and Implementation of Small Projects: Creating projects aimed at

producing goods or services related to livelihood, such as handicrafts or food.

Saving and Investing: Teaching the importance of saving and budgeting, as well as

the basic concept of investing.

Safety and First Aid: Teaching the basic knowledge of home safety and first aid for

simple accidents or emergencies.

 Music, Arts and Physical Education (MAPE) 1-6

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 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

A vital part of the curriculum aimed at developing students' talents and skils in

music, arts, and physical health. Each of these areas provides opportunities for

students to express themselves, maintain their health, and gain a deeper appreciation

of culture and the arts

 Grade 1-3: Introduction and Basic Skills

MUSIC:

Recognizing Sounds and Notes: Teaching the basic notes, rhythm, and simple

songs.

Singing: Developing the ability to sing traditional songs and simple music.

Differences in Sound: Teaching the recognition of different types of sounds and

instruments.

SINING:

Expression Through Art: Creating simple artworks using various materials such as

crayons, paint, and paper.

Recognition of Colors and Shapes: Studying the primary colors, shapes, and

patterns.

Creation of Art Based on Culture: Making simple projects related to Filipino

culture.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION:

Fundamental Skills in Physical Activity: Teaching basic movements such as

running, jumping, and spinning.

Sports Games: Teaching simple games that promote cooperation and discipline.

Health and Hygiene: Teaching proper practices in cleanliness and health.

 Grade 4-6: Expanding Knowledge and Skills

MUSIC:

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 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

Reading Notes and Scales: Teaching more detailed knowledge in reading notes and

scales.

Playing Simple Instruments: Practice playing instruments such as the recorder,

flute, or xylophone.

Study of Songs from Different Regions: An Introduction to Traditional Music from

Various Regions of the Philippines.

SINING:

Introduction to Different Forms of Art: Teaching more complex techniques in

drawing, painting, sculpture, and other forms of art.

Recognition of National Artists: Teaching about renowned Filipino artists and their

works.

Creating Art with Deep Meaning: Undertaking projects that express emotions,

thoughts, or themes.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION:

Games and Competitions: Teaching games such as basketball, volleyball, and other

sports.

Dancing: Studying traditional dances such as tinikling and carinosa, as well as

modern forms of dance.

Health and Safety: A deeper study of the concepts of physical health, nutrition, and

safety in physical activity.

 Character Education 1-6

A subject aimed at shaping good character, proper behavior, and values in students."

 Grades 1-3: Foundation of Good Behavior

Respect and Love for Family: Teaching respect for parents, elders, and siblings, as

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

well as showing love for the family.

Honesty and Truth: Valuing the importance of speaking the truth and being honest

at all times.

Discipline and Adherence to Rules: Developing self-discipline, following simple

guidelines, and understanding the importance of having rules.

 Grade 4-6: Strengthening Identity and Responsibility

Respect for Different Cultures and Perspectives: Teaching the value of human

diversity and respect for various cultures, religions, and viewpoints.

Having Compassion and Solidarity: Expanding knowledge on the importance of

helping others, showing empathy, and caring for one another.

Responsibility and Being a Good Citizen: Understanding the roles and

responsibilities of being a good citizen, including obeying the law, caring for the

environment, and actively participating in community activities.

SECONDARY MAKABAYAN

 Social Studies I-IV

In secondary education in the Philippines, "Makabayan" is a subject that often integrates

various aspects of social studies, including history, geography, economics, and civics. It

aims to develop students' understanding of their national identity, heritage, and societal

roles

 Values Education I-IV

Focuses on teaching students moral and ethical principles, helping them develop a strong

sense of right and wrong, and guiding them to become responsible and empathetic

individuals. It involves instilling core values such as respect, integrity, responsibility,

fairness, and compassion. The goal is to equip students with the skills and attitudes

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

needed to make ethical decisions, interact positively with others, and contribute to

society.

Values education in secondary education focuses on teaching students moral and ethical

principles, helping them develop a strong sense of right and wrong, and guiding them to

become responsible and empathetic individuals. It involves instilling core values such as

respect, integrity, responsibility, fairness, and compassion. The goal is to equip students

with the skills and attitudes needed to make ethical decisions, interact positively with

others, and contribute to society.

 Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) I - IV

In the context of secondary education in the Philippines, TLE stands for Technology and

Livelihood Education. It is a component of the broader Makabayan subject, which is a

learning area that integrates various disciplines related to social studies, arts, physical

education, and practical life skill. TLE is designed to equip students with practical and

technical skills that they can use in daily life and future careers. The curriculum typically

covers a wide range of topics, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts,

information and communication technology (ICT), and entrepreneurship.

 Music, Art, Physical Education and Health (MAPEH) I-IV

MAPEH is an acronym for Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health. It is a subject in

secondary education that integrates these four areas to promote the holistic development

of students. Each component of MAPEH focuses on different aspects of students' growth,

contributing to their overall well-being, creativity, physical fitness, and understanding of

health.

MODES OF INTEGRATIVE TEACHING

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 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

Integrative teaching is an educational approach that connects different subjects and

learning experiences, helping students see the relationships between them and apply their

knowledge in meaningful ways. There are several modes of integrative teaching, each

with a distinct focus on how integration is achieved within the curriculum.

IV. SUMMARY

The 2002 Basic Education Curriculum (BEC) in the Philippines included the

interdisciplinary learning area known as Makabayan, which combines courses including

home economics, music, art, social studies, and physical education. As a "laboratory of

life," it facilitates immersive and interactive learning for pupils to cultivate empathy,

practical problem-solving skills, vocational skills, and patriotism. Makabayan cultivates a

profound awareness of Philippine history and culture while promoting a feeling of global

connection by emphasizing fundamental values like national identity, solidarity, and

loyalty. In order to create well-rounded people who are academically capable, culturally

aware, and socially responsible citizens, it is an essential part of basic education.

Makabayan is designed to sharpen the students minds and commitment to their country

by studying topics from various subjects such as history, geography, civics, and many

more.It helps the students as a better citizen and have a contribution in their

society.Makabayan aims to plant the seed of being engaged in the minds of the students

and make them grow having the sense of national pride.Grade 4's emphasis on

comprehending Philippine geography and its effects on local communities fits in with

Makabayan's integration of Filipino history, geography, and values. Makabayan also

emphasizes environmental and cultural awareness. This is furthered in Grade 5 History

by delving into significant historical occurrences and personalities and connecting them

to the formation of Filipino identity and national values. By exploring civic duties and the

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

organization of government, Grade 6 Civics expands on this foundation and supports the

Makabayan objective of developing knowledgeable and accountable citizens. In order to

tie these lessons to Makabayan's themes of independence and civic duty, HELE teaches

useful skills like sewing, cooking, and budgeting.

This study promotes a empathy and understanding of diverse cultures, helping students

appreciate and respect cultural differences, which is vital in a multicultural society. By

doing so, Makabayan sought to nurture responsible, productive, and socially aware

citizens. Curriculum included games, music, art, and basic body motions, acting as a

“laboratory of life” to develop law-abiding, productive individuals.

Through the MAKABAYAN program, the Philippine Department of Education

reorganized the secondary school curriculum in an effort to raise the standard of

instruction. In secondary makabayan it helps us to understand its curriculum, its

strengths, weaknesses, and its overall impact on Philippine education.

All subjects are important; they play a special role in shaping students and giving

learnings in various sectors. It is significant so that each student will be able to apply

their learnings to real-life situations. The subject Civics and Culture focuses on teaching

the students about community, culture, history, and citizenship. In addition, the topics

included are the national symbol, which is very essential as a true Filipino, family and

community roles, Philippine geography, history, and governance. Moreover, the subject

Home Economics and Livelihood Education (HELE) provides practical skills for daily

life and future endeavors. The Music, Arts and Physical Education subject, it promotes

developing students unique talent in terms of music, arts and help them maintain their

physical health. These encourage them to express their selves and appreciate our culture

in various ways such as music, visual arts and physical activities. Last but not least, the

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

character education subject which is crucial for each of every student, as it aims to shape

good character and proper behavior towards other or to themselves, as well as values that

is essential on their day to day interaction. Moreover, this subject teaches students how to

respect others , how to be honest in terms of academic and in various sector in life, be a

disciplined individual that illustrate a good filipino citizen, to have empathy on others,

and have responsibility on every action and decision they make, that serves as a

foundational principles in life. Therefore, each of the subjects is designed to holistically

develop students, preparing them to be responsible, well-rounded individuals and

preparing them for a constantly changing world

Secondary Makabayan was all about the subjects in our highschool days that will help us

and understand the outside world and how we wil gonna be fit in and understand the

world better. I consider it as guide thru improvement. Now i understand why it is under

the curriculum and called Makabayan.

V. KEY TAKE AWAYS

The Philippine basic education system includes an interdisciplinary learning area called

**Makabayan** that aims to instill in children a sense of patriotism, empathy, and useful

life skills. It blends a number of courses, including home economics, physical education,

music, art, social studies, and physical education, to offer a comprehensive education that

incorporates knowledge, values, and abilities. Makabayan, dubbed a "laboratory of life,"

promotes immersive and participatory learning, enabling students to apply their

knowledge to actual circumstances. The emphasis on **national identity, unity, and

loyalty** fosters positive awareness of global interconnectedness in addition to helping

pupils grow a strong sense of self-worth and pride in their ancestry. In general,

Makabayan is essential in developing well-rounded Filipino students who are socially

conscious, culturally aware, and capable intellectually.

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

Through this subject, we’ve learned that its implementation is not just as a part of the

curriculum but it deals with the gaps that every Filipino students needs to improve.It is

important not just to know the meaning of being “Makabayan” but to show how we really

love our country.Values being taught from different areas plays an imporatant role in

practicing this.Being Makabayan requires commitment of being truly engaged in

participating in our society in a possitive way,learnings must be seen at demostrated.

The Secondary Makabayan curriculum was highly important for students as it played a

crucial role in shaping well-rounded individuals. It integrated various subjects to not only

enhance academic knowledge but also develop practical skills, moral values, and civic

responsibility. Through Makabayan, students gained more knowledge to be part of

nationality that will lead them to the better future.

I learned that each subject plays a role in different aspects of students life that shape them

into something unique that they can use in their future. Each subject is designed to

holistically develop students, preparing them to be responsible, well-rounded individuals

and preparing them for a constantly changing world.

Thru those subjects, during our highschool days, we learned a lot from them. In Social

Studies we learn how to spend our money by knowing what is the difference between

needs and wants and also it helps us to understand the society we live in. In values we

understand the basic etiquette and how we will act and respect on elders In MAPEH we

learned different arts, musics, genres, the BMI to know if we're under or overweight and

how we will take care of our body to be fit and healthy by doing some exercise and basic

exercises. In TLE we learned activities that might help us to start careers and also i

learned how to bake cookies during our grade 9 TLE days.

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

VI. CONCLUSION

Let us conclude by saying that Makabayan, when combined with other disciplines in a

unique way, offers a holistic and values-oriented education, making it a transformational

learning area in the Philippine educational system. Through its role as a "laboratory of

life," it enables students to acquire not just academic knowledge but also vital life skills, a

robust sense of patriotism, and social responsibility. While preparing students to interact

well with the global world, Makabayan's integrative approach also cultivates a profound

respect of Filipino ancestry, history, and culture. The development of well-rounded

people who can make meaningful contributions to society and the country is ultimately

greatly aided by Makabayan.

VII. REFLECTION

Upon reflection, the integrated and comprehensive approach of the Makabayan learning

area is critical to developing well-rounded individuals who are not just academically

proficient but also socially and culturally aware. In addition to fostering a strong sense of

identity and a connection to one's ancestry, the emphasis on experiential learning and

values education equips students with problem-solving and practical skills to face the

problems of the real world. In an increasingly linked world, this interdisciplinary

framework serves as a reminder of the value of education that goes beyond the classroom

and fosters empathy, critical thinking, and a healthy sense of patriotism. Makabayan

encourages educators and decision-makers to always look for new approaches to combine

values, knowledge, and abilities to create citizens who are proactive and accountable.

In Makabayan curriculum,we’re not only informed but it also opened our hearts and

minds and let us realize our purpose in the development of our society.By educating kids

about the history, culture, and geography of the Philippines, Makabayan is essential in

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

helping them to connect with their Filipino heritage. It teaches the value of civic

engagement and civic obligation while cultivating a strong feeling of pride and identity.

Makabayan makes learning relevant and meaningful by tying historical and cultural

concepts to useful life skills. This helps students grow into responsible, active citizens

who value and contribute to their heritage and society.

Through this we know how the curriculum is very essential for every students to prepared

them to face real-world challenges, equipped them with essential life skills, and fostered

a deep appreciation for their heritage and community. This education helped students

become informed, empathetic, and productive members of society. Also it will make our

lives more meaningful in many aspects.

Makabayan Curriculum is significant in students life, we thought that it is something

boring or something that we cannot be use in the future but it is not. The integration of

Makabayan allows every student to produce their uniqueness. It teaches us in a more

practical way wherein it is essential in our real life situation just like in character

education it is hard to interact with others if you don’t have proper behavior and don’t

know how to communicate with them. In Civics and Culture, knowing other culture is

also important because it is our way to know that there are things we do that has different

meanings on their culture. Also in MAPE, music is a way to other people to release their

stress and express their emotion as well as dancing while arts is their way to give

message, give meaning on every stroke of brushes on their canvas and physical health

teaches us how to maintain our health, how to be healthy, what we should and should not

eat. Therefore, I learned that each of every subject plays an important role in our life, it is

important that we learn them on early age and apply them in our real life situation.

In Makabayan Curriculum, we learned a lot. We know things and give us ideas on what

will gonna in the future to be successful and knowledgeable enough to explore the world

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Lemery Campus
Rajah Matanda St., Brgy. Bagong Sikat, Lemery, Batangas, Philippines 4209
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 406-8800 / (+63 43) 779-8400 loc. 5101
E-mail Address: [email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph

outside our home. By learning those subjects, we now know a lot of thins that help us a

lot.

VIII. REFERENCE

 Makabayan in the Philippine Basic Education Curriculum: Problems and Prospect

for Reforming Student Learning in the Philippines | SpringerLink

 Bernardo&Mendoza_formatted (researchgate.net)

 Teaching Social Studies in The Elementary Grades (Culture and Geography) | PDF |

Geography | Empathy (scribd.com)

 makabayan curriculum | PPT (slideshare.net)

 CURRICULUM INTEGRATION IN MAKABAYAN.docx - Module Number

Title/Topic/Reading 02 CURRICULUM INTEGRATION IN MAKABAYAN

Overview/Introducti Makabayan is the | Course Hero

 https://studylib.net/doc/26008543/sse-114-integrative-methods-in-teaching-social-

science-di...

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