Solution

CLASS 9 CH- MOTION SAMPLE

Class 09 - Science
Section A

1. (a) 25.5 ms-1

Explanation: Let the acceleration of the car is = a
And the distance between A and B is = d
v2 - u2 = 2ad
v = 30m/s and u = 20m/s
2ad = 302 - 202
(900−400)
Ad = 2
= 250
When the car is at the mid point of AB then let the speed of the car is v1

v12 - 202 = 2a ( ) d

v12 = ad + 400 = 250 + 400 = 650

therefore v1 is = 25.4950m/s.

2.
u + v
(c) 2

Explanation: Average velocity is the ratio of total displacement or total distance travelled by a body in a given interval of time.
3.
(d) its velocity changes but speed remain the same
Explanation: Speed remains the same as it is 'uniform' circular motion and velocity changes at every point because of direction
changes. The tendency of the object at every point is to go tangential to its position.
4.
(d) The velocity of car P is increasing at a decreasing rate from 40 s to 45 s in same direction.
Explanation: From 40 s to 45 s, direction of car P is same but velocity is increasing at a decreasing rate of acceleration.
5. (a) 2r
Explanation:
Given, after half the circle, the particle will reach the diametrically opposite point i.e., from point A to point 6. And we know
displacement is shortest path between initial and final point.
Displacement after half circle = AB=OA + OB [∵ Given, OA and OB = r]

= r + r = 2r
Hence, the displacement after half circle is 2r.
6. (a) a ≠ 0
Explanation: The negative value of acceleration signifies deceleration or in other words, the velocity is decreasing.
7.
(d) distance travelled
Explanation: The area under a velocity-time graph represents the distance covered and the gradient of a velocity-time graph
represents the acceleration.
8.
(c) zero displacement

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 Explanation: When the body comes back to its starting point, it has zero resultant displacements but covers a certain non-zero
distance.
9.
(d) 4 sec
Explanation: Using kinematic equation, v = u + a× t, when ball reaches to top of its trajectory, it's velocity becomes zero. Ball
is thrown against gravity of earth, therefore a = - g, u = 20 m/s, we can find time of ascend as
0 = 20 - 10 × t
20 = 10 × t
20
t= 10
= 2 sec
Time of ascend is same as time of descend = 2 sec.
Time of flight = time of ascend + time of descend
Therefore time of flight = 4 sec.
10.
(c) A car is moving on a straight road
Explanation: The distance moved and magnitude of displacement are equal only in the case of motion along a straight line.
Because displacement is the shortest path between initial and find path. So, for car moving on straight road, distance moved
and magnitude of displacement are equal.
11.
(b) All of these
Explanation: Displacement is the shortest distance travelled so it can be positive or negative or zero.
12.
(c) m
Explanation: The area under the velocity-time graph gives the distance (magnitude of displacement) which has the unit: metre
(m)
13.
(c) 0.5 km/hr
Explanation: Distance = speed × time
Distance travelled in first 2 min = 7.5 × 2

60
= 0.25 km
Distance travelled in last 2 min = 7.5 × 2

60
= 0.25 km
Total distance = 0.25 + 0.25 = 0.5 km
Total time = 2 + 2 + 56 = 60 min = 1 hr
Average speed = 0.5

= 0.5 km/hr
14.
–
(d) displacement = √2r Distance = 3πr

Explanation: Distance covered is 3

4
circumference.
3 3πr
× 2 × π × r =
4 2

Displacement = Shortest Path

If We Join Point A and B we get right angle triangle with

Hypotenuse(displacement) and other two sides of a triangle with sides r.
− −−−− − −−
− –
Displacement = √r + r = √2r = √2r
2 2 2

15.
(b) Both Negative acceleration and Retardation

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 Explanation: If there is a decrease in acceleration, it is called Retardation. This means the rate of decrease in velocity is called
retardation or negative acceleration or deceleration.
16. (a) Negative
Explanation: If a moving body comes to rest, then its acceleration is negative, as it’s velocity becomes zero. therefore the
acceleration is also zero.
17. (a) 50
Explanation: Distance travelled in tth second of uniformly accelerated motion is
St = u + (2t - 1) ...(i)
a

Distance travelled in (t + 1)th second can be written as

a
St+1 = u + [2(t + 1) - 1]
2

or St+1 = u + (2t + 1) ...(ii)

a

st + st+1 = 100 cm (given)

u + (2t -1) + u + (2t + 1) = 100 [Using (i) and (ii)]
a

2
a

or 2u + 2at = 100 or u + at = 50;

∴ v = 50 cms-1
18.
(d) 22 s
Explanation: Time taken when he falls 80 m in the air is t1, and U1= 0, a1=10 m s-2
∴ d = U1t1 + 1

2
a1 t
2
1
or 80 = 0 + 1

2
× 10 1

2
2
t
1

u1 = 0

a1 = 10 m s-2
t1 = ?
u2 = v1

a2 = 2 m s-2
t2 = ?

u2 = 4 m s-1
or t = 16; t1 = 4 s ⇒ v1 = u1 + a1t1
2
1

v1 = 0 + 10 × 4 = 40 m s-1

Since v1 = u2 ∴ u2 = 40 m s-1
Let the time taken after he opens up his parachute and before reaches the ground is t2.

v2 = 4 ms-1, a2 = -2 m s-2

v2 = u2 + a2t2 ⇒ 4 = 40 + (-2) × t2
2t2 = 36; t2 = 18 s
Total time = 4 s + 18 s = 22 s

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19. (a)

Explanation:

20. (a) Position and acceleration as ball B

Explanation: Position and acceleration of ball A is same as that of ball B at the instant when ball A passes ball B.
21.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Speed can never be negative because it is a scalar quantity.
22.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Speedometer measures instantaneous speed of automobile.
23.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Displacement may be positive, negative or zero. Displacement is a vector quantity.
24.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Average velocity Vav
Total displacement
= Total elapsed time
=
Vt

t
=V
= Instantaneous velocity
Hence, assertion is correct. If a particle is in a round trip on a straight line, then average velocity is zero but at the instant at
which the particle reverses its direction of motion, velocity is zero. So, reason is correct. But reason is not the correct
explanation of assertion.
25.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Uniform velocity means that speed and direction remain unchanged.
26. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Since velocity is a vector quantity, hence as its direction changes keeping magnitude constant, velocity is said to
be changed. But for constant speed in equal time interval distance travelled should be equal.
27.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: When a particle is in uniform motion, the magnitude of its velocity at each instant such as t = 0, t = 1s, t = 2s
... etc. is always constant. Hence the velocity versus time graph for a particle in uniform motion along a linear path is a straight
line parallel to the time axis.
28. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: According to statement of reason, as the graph is a straight line, P ∝ Q, or, P = constant × Q
P

Q
= constant
Equation of a straight line is y = mx + c
29.
(c) A is true but R is false.

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 Explanation: A body has a uniform acceleration if it travels in a straight line and its velocity increases by equal amounts in
equal intervals of time.
30. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: A body has a non-uniform acceleration if its velocity increases by unequal amounts in equal intervals of time.
31.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: As velocity is a vector quantity, its value changes with change in direction. Therefore when a bus takes a turn
from north to east its velocity will also change.
Section B
32. i. From graph, it is clear that, velocity is not changing, therefore acceleration is equal to zero.
ii. From graph, velocity of cyclist = 20 ms-1
iii. Distance covered by cyclist in 15 seconds, s = Velocity × time = u × t = 20 × 15 = 300 m.
33. It is given that the total distance covered by Usha in 1 min is 180 m.
Displacement of Usha in1 min = 0m
Average speed = Total distance covered

Total time taken

180m 180m 1min
= = ×
lmin 1min 60s

=3m s-1
Displacement
Average velocity = Total time taken
0m
=
60s

−1
= 0ms

The average speed of Usha is 3 m s-1 and her average velocity is 0 m s-1
34. Velocity of an object is non-uniform if it travels unequal displacement in equal intervals of time.
35. Given t = 5 s
Initial speed of bus
u = 80 kmh-1 = 80 × = 22.2 ms-1
5

18

Final speed of the bus

v = 60 kmh-1 = 60 × = 16.7 ms-1
5

18

= -1.1 ms-2
v−u 16.7 − 22.2
Now acceleration is given by the relation a = t
=
5
18 1 −1
× = 64.8 kmh
36. Velocity = 1000 1

3600

37. i) Speed is the rate of change of motion but velocity is the rate of change of motion in a specified direction.
ii) Speed is a scalar quantity, but velocity is a vector quantity.
38. Initial velocity of body, u = 0.5 m/s
Final velocity of body, v = 0
Negative acceleration, a = -0.05 m/s2
Now, from the first equation of the motion, we have
v = u + at, Where t= time
Put the given values, we get
0 = 0.5 + (-0.05t) ⇒ 0.5 = 0.050t
∴ t = 0.5/0.05 = 10 s

Thus, the body will take 10 s to stop.

39. The car did not travel in a uniform motion as it moved with a different speed in between 10 km and 20 km of its path.
1
40. Using the equation of motion s = ut + 2
2
at

Distance travelled in 5 seconds, s = u × 5 + 1

2
a× 5
2

or 5u + 25

2
a

16
Similarly, distance travelled in 4 seconds, s' = 4u + 2
a

9
Distance travelled in the interval between 4th and 5th seconds = (s − s ) = (u + ′

2
a)m

BASIS FOR DISTANCE DISPLACEMENET

41. COMPARISON

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 .
Distance refers to the amount of space between Displacement refers to the amount of space between the
Meaning two points, measured along the actual path, linking two points, measured along the minimum path linking
them. them.

What is it? Length of the total avenue traversed by the body. Least distance between starting and ending point.

Quantity Scalar Quantity Vector Quantity

Gives complete information of the route followed Does not give complete information of the route
Information
by the body. followed by the body.

Time Distance can never decrease with time. Displacement can decrease with time.

Values Positive Positive, Negative or Zero

Unique path No Yes

Denoted by d s

Formula Speed × Time Velocity × Time

42. If the distance-time graph is a straight line parallel to the time axis, it indicates that with increasing time the distance travelled
by that object is not increasing. Hence the object is at rest i.e. not moving.

T otal displacement travelled

43. i. Average velocity = T otal time taken
Diameter of circle 2×70 −1
= = = 7 ms
20 20

ii. Average velocity = T otal dis tan ce travelled

T otal time taken

Half circumf erence of circle πr 22×70 −1
= = = = 11ms
20 20 7×20

44. Here, Initial velocity of car, u = 0

By Using the relation, S = ut + 1

2
at2
The distance travelled in first 8s, S1 = ut + 1

2
at2 = 0 + 1

2
× 5 × 82 = 160 m

At this point the velocity, v = u + at = 0 + 5 × 8 = 40 ms-1.

Since the velocity remains constant, So, the distance covered in last four seconds, S2= constant velocity × time = 40 × 4 = 160 m
Hence, total distance, S = S1 + S2= 160 m + 160 m = 320 m
45. Given :
Initial velocity(u) = 0,
Acceleration (a) = 2cm/s2 ,
time(t) = 3 s
final velocity(v)=?
Now, as we know;
v = u + at

v = 0 + 2 ∗ 3 = 6cm/s = 0.06m/s

Therefore the final Velovity of trolly will be 0.06m/s after start.

46. Initial speed of bus (u) = 80 km h-1= 80×100

60×60
seconds = 200

9
ms-1= 22.22 ms-1
final speed of bus (v)= 60 km h-1= 60×100

60×60
seconds = 50

3
ms-1= 16.67 ms-1time (t) = 5 s
/5 = -1.11 ms-2
(v–u) (16.67−22.22) −5.55
acceleration (a) = t
= 5
= 5

Section C

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47. i. Consider the linear motion of a body with initial velocity 'u'. Let the body accelerate uniformly and acquire a final velocity 'v'
after time 't'.
Initial velocity + Final velocity u+v
Then, Average velocity of body = 2
= 2
u+v
∴ The distance covered by the body in time 't' = S = Average velocity × Time taken ⇒ S = 2
× t

We know that, v =u +at

u+(u+at)
⇒ S = × t
2
2
2ut+at
or, S = 2

⇒ S = ut + 1

2
at
2
Which is required equation.
ii. We know that, S = ut + 1

2
at
2
.............. (1)
v−u
Also, a = t
v−u
⇒ t= a

Putting the value of t in (1), we have

v−u v−u 2
S = u( a
)+
1

2
a(
a
)
2 2 2
uv−u v + u −2uv
or S = a
+
2a

or 2aS = 2uv - 2u2 + v2 + u2 - 2uv

or v2 - u2 = 2aS. Which is required equation.
48. i. Velocity-time graph is a straight line. Therefore, it represents uniformly accelerated motion.
ii. Velocity-time graph is a straight line parallel to the time axis. It represents uniform motion.
iii. Velocity-time graph is a straight line having a negative slope. It represents uniformly retarded motion.
iv. Velocity-time graph is a curve having a negative slope. It represents non-uniformly retarded motion.
49. i. Position – time

ii. Velocity – time

iii. Acceleration- time

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50. Initial speed = u=72 km/hr
72×5
= = 20m/s
18

Final speed = v = 54km/h

= 54×5

18
= 15m/s

Distance = s = 70 m
Now, v2 - u2 = 2as
(15)2 – (20)2 = 2 × a × 70
225 - 400 =140 a
- 175 =140 a
a = -1.25 m/s2 (negative sign shows retardation)
51. Given total distance travelled = 15 + 75 + 10 = 100 km
S 15
Time taken in the first part of motion t1 = V1
=
30

S 75
Time taken in the second part of motion t2 = V2
=
50

S 10
Time taken in the third part of motion t3 = V3
=
20

Total time taken t = t1 + t2 + t3 = 15

30
+
75

50
+
10

20
= 2.5h

Therefore,Vav = T otal dis tan ce travelled

T otal time taken

=
100

2.5
= 40 kmh
−1

52. a. Distance covered = π × OA = π × 5 = 5πcm

b. Displacement = 2 × OB
= 2 × 5 = 10cm along AB
53. The shape of the path followed by the ball is parabolic.
Vertically downward motion is due to gravitational acceleration. Horizontal motion is due to zero acceleration.
54. Speed of the cheetah in ms-1 is 90 × ms-1 = 25ms-1
5

18

Distance of the prey = 100 m

Dis tan ce 100
Therefore time to catch the prey = Speed
=
25
= 4S

55. i. The distance-time graph represents the line AB which shows the speed of the body. So,
Dis tan ce
speed = T ime
3cm
= (5−2)s

= 1 cm/s
ii. The distance-time graph shows that the body is at rest between graph line B to C, it means no movement. So speed is zero i.e.,
speed = Dis tan ce
=
T ime
0cm

(7−5)s

iii. The distance-time graph represents the line CD which shows the speed of the body. So,
speed = Dis tan ce

T ime
(7−3)cm
= =
4cm

2s
(9−7)s

= 2 cm/s
56. a. We know that area under v-t graph gives displacement.
So, Area = distance (S) = area of triangle + area of rectangle
Area of triangle = × base × height
1

= 1

2
× 6 × 10

= 30 m
Area of rectangle = length × breadth
= (16-6) × 10
=10 × 10
= 100 m
Total area = 100 + 30 = 130m
Therefore distance covered by the runner in 16s = 130 m
b. Since, at t = 11 sec, runner is travelling with uniform velocity so, there is no change in velocity hence acceleration is zero.
57. Speed = Slope of distance - time graph. The smaller the slope, the smaller is the speed.
58. Height = h
Distance = s = 320 m

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 Acceleration due to gravity = g = 10 m/s2
Initial velocity = u =0
(i) from s = ut + at 1

2
2

1 2
h = ut × gt
2
1 2
320 = 0 × t + × 10 × t
2
320×2 2
= t
10
−−
64 = t
2
t = √64
t = 8 sec
(ii) from v = u + at
v = 0 + 10 × 8

v = 80 m/s
Section D
59. i. (c) Motion of a racing car on a circular track
ii. (d) Accelerated motion
iii. (a) 5.5 m/s
iv. (d) (II) and (IV)
v. (c) Direction in which the sprinter is running
60. i. (a) Uniform speed
ii. (d (III) and (IV)
iii. (b) m2
iv. (d) 28m
v. (c) The distance travelled by scooter is the minimum in this section
61. i. (c) the acceleration
ii. (d) Velocity of a moving body is its speed in a given direction
iii. (b) non-uniformly accelerated motion
iv. (b) uniform acceleration
v. (d) Displacement- Body in uniform motion
62. i. (a) 8m
ii. (b) Car B is the slowest
iii. (b) uniform acceleration
iv. (a) (I), (II), and (III)

v. (a)

63. i. (a) 24 m/min

ii. (a)

iii. (c) equal to one

iv. (a) (I) and (II)
v. (c) has some initial velocity
Section E
64. i. In the graph (iii), the distance between them will be same.
ii. In the graph (i), they are moving in opposite directions.

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 iii. Velocity of object A is positive in situation (i) because the slope of s-t graph is positive.
iv. Yes, in situations (i) and (ii) they are crossing each other because in these two cases, the s-t graph of A and B intersect each
other.
65. a. When A starts his journey at 4 sec, B has already covered a distance of 857 m
b. A travels faster than B because A starts his journey late but crosses B and covers more distance then B in the same time as B
Distance covered
c. Speed of A = time taken

Let at t =12 min, distance covered = 3500 m

3500

12
= 375 m/min
Distance covered
d. Speed of B = time taken
3000
VB =
12
= 214 m/min
e. Speed of approach of A towards B = 375 m/min - 214 m/min = 161 m/min
f. Speed of separation of A from B = 161 m/min.
66. For the initial 50 seconds, velocity is 2 m/s. After that, velocity drops of zero; as shown by a vertical line in the graph.

For the next 50 seconds, velocity is taken in negative because displacement is becoming zero.
67. i. For AB, the curve is upward i.e. slope is increasing, therefore velocity is positive and remains same. So, V = +ve but a=0
ii. For BC, curve still has +ve slope so, V = +ve but velocity is decreasing wrt time, therefore, a = negative
iii. For CD, both velocity and acceleration are zero because there is no slope.
iv. For DE, velocity v is increasing wrt time, so acceleration is +ve.
v. For EF, velocity is +ve (positive slope of x-t graph) but acceleration is zero because velocity remains same with time.

AB BC CD DE EF

V + ve + ve 0 + ve + ve

a 0 - ve 0 + ve 0

68. i. This is impossible

ii. This is possible because when an object is thrown upward, at the highest point its velocity becomes zero for a slice of time,
but its acceleration (g) remains due to the attraction of gravity.
iii. It is not possible.
iv. It is possible because when a moving car applies the brake its velocity decreases. The acceleration is against the direction of
the motion of the car.
69. i. No, when the body comes back to the same position after travelling a distance, its displacement is zero through it has travelled
some distance.
ii. Given: Initial velocity u = 0.7 m/s
Final velocity, v = 0
Acceleration, a = - 0.07 m/s2
Now, from the first equation of the motion,
v = u + at
⇒ 0 = 0.7 + (-0.07) t
⇒ 0.07 t = 0.7

∴ t = = 10 s
0.7

0.07

Hence, the body will take 10 s to stop.

70. Let at time t=0, the body moves with an initial velocity u and time at ‘t’ has final velocity ‘v’ and in time ‘t’ covers a distance ‘s’
Area under v-t graph gives the displacement

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 S = Area of ΔDBC + Area of rectangle OABD
S = × base × height + length × breadth
1

2
1
S = × DB × BC + OA × AB
2

S =
1

2
× t × (v − u) + t × u ........(i)
Now, v - u = at
v−u
= t
a

put the value of 't' in equation (i)

1 (v−u) (v−u)
S = × (v − u) + u × ( )
2 a a

2
(v−u) 2u(v−u)
S =
2a
2 2 2
v + u −2uv+2uv−2u
S =
2a
2 2
v −u
S =
2a

2 2
2as = v − u

71. i. OA represented uniform acceleration and AB represented zero acceleration or constant velocity.
ii. The velocity of the body after the 20s is 20 m/s a and after 80 s is zero or the body comes to rest.
= -1 m/s2
(0 – 20) −20
iii. The negative acceleration of the body/retardation = (80 – 60)
=
20

iv. Distance covered by the body between 20th and 60th second = (60 - 20) × 20 m/s = 40 × 20 m/s = 800 m.
72. After first 2 s; u = 0, s = 20 m and t = 2 s
Using distance formula;
s = ut + 1

2
at2
or 20m = 0 + 1

2
a × (2)2 s2 or a = 10 ms-2
Final velocity after 2s = u + at = 0 + 10 ms-2 × 2s = 20 ms-1
For the next 4 s; u = 20 m/s, t = 4 s and s = 160 m
Using distance formula;
s = ut + 1

2
at2
or 160 m = 20 ms-1 × 4 s + 1

2
a × 16 s2
or 160 m = 80 m + a × 8s2
= 10 ms-2
80m
or a = 2
8s

Velocity after 7 s can be calculated as follows:

v = u + at = 0 + 10 ms-2 × 7s = 70 ms-1
73. i. Object dropped down from a height towards the surface of the earth.
ii. Object thrown up with a velocity, retards uniformly.
iii. Uniform circular motion, say planetary motion.
iv. A bullet fired horizontally from a rifle, has acceleration in downward direction (due to gravity).
v. A car moving with uniform velocity along a straight line.
74. Total distance,s = 100 km
Total time,t = t + t = 1 2
30km
+ 70km

30km/h x(say)

x+70
t = 1 +
70

x
=( x
) h

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 Now, average speed, v = s

t
= 40 km/h
100

According to question, = 40
x +70

x+70
⇒ 10 = 4( x
)

⇒ 10x = 4x + 280

⇒ 6x = 280

⇒ x = 46.67 km/h
Speed for next 70 km to maintain average of 40 km/h is 46.67 km/h.
75. i. The motion of the body moving around a fixed point in a circular path is known as circular motion.
ii. The diameter of the circular track is given as 200 m. That is 2r = 200 m.
From this radius is calculated as Radius, r = 100 m.
In 40 sec the athlete completes one round. So, in 2 mins and 20 secs, that is, 140 sec the athlete will complete = 140

40
= 3.5
(three and a half) rounds.
One round is considered as the circumference of the circular track.
The distance covered in 140 sec = 2π r × 3.5 = 2 × 3.14 × 100 × 3.5 = 2200 m.
For each complete round, the displacement is zero. Therefore for 3 complete rounds, the displacement will be zero.
At the end of his motion, the athlete will be in the diametrically opposite position. That is, displacement = diameter = 200 m.
Hence, the distance covered is 2200 m and the displacement is 200 m.

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