It is a support which is free to rotate and translate along the surface on which they rest.

The
Republic of the Philippines surface on which the roller supports are installed may be horizontal, vertical, and inclined to
PARTIDO STATE UNIVERSITY any angle.
College of Engineering and Technology
Camarines Sur • The roller supports have only one reaction, this reaction acts perpendicular to the
surface and away from it. The reaction offered by the roller support is shown in the
figure given above.
• The roller supports are unable to resists the lateral loads (the lateral loads are the
P-3 STRUCTURAL THEORY live loads whose main components are horizontal forces). They resist only vertical
loads.
LEARNING MODULE #2 • The best example of roller support is the roller skates. The roller skates resist the
(Supports, Reactions, Determinacy, Stability and Instability of Structures) vertical loads of the persons standing on it. When the lateral loads are applied by the
Name of Student: ________________________ Week Number: ________________ persons, then it starts translating. The translation is due to its inability to resists the
Course/Yr. & Section: _____________________ Name of Faculty : Engr. MA Iglesia lateral loads.

2. Pinned Support
I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of this module, students should be able to:
• Identify different kinds of supports and its reactions
• Identify the state of determinacy and stability of the structures

II. LESSON PROPER

A. SUPPORTS AND REACTIONS It is a type of support which resists the horizontal and vertical loads but is unable to resists
the moment.
There are basically three types of support and these are roller, pinned, and fixed support. • The pinned support has two support reactions and these are vertical and horizontal
There is a fourth support also called as simple support, it is generally not used in structures. reactions. It allows the structural member to rotate but does not allow translating in
Every support has its own field of application. Supports are used in structures to provide any direction. The pinned support allows the rotation only in one direction and
stability and strength. The various types of supports that are used in structures are: resists the rotation in any other direction.
1. Roller Support • The reactions of the pinned support are shown in the figure given above.
2. Fixed Support • The pinned support is also known as hinge support.
3. Pinned Support & • The best example where we can see the pinned support is the doors and windows of
4. Simple Support our houses and our knee joint. Here the rotation happens in one direction but the
translation motion is restricted.
1. Roller Support
3. Fixed Support
It is a support which is capable of resisting all types of loads i.e. horizontal, vertical as well as B. DETERMINACY AND STABILITY
moments. The fixed support does not allow the rotation and translation motion to the
structural members. The equilibrium equations provide both the necessary and sufficient conditions for
• The fixed support is also called as rigid support. equilibrium. When all the forces in a structure can be determined strictly from these
• The reactions acting in the fixed support is shown in the figure given above.
equations, the structure is referred to as statically determinate. Structures having
• A flagpole fixed in the concrete base is the best example of fixed support. The other
examples of the fixed support are electric pole in the streets, a bracket on the wall, more unknown forces than available equilibrium equations are called statically
and all the riveted and welded joints in the steel etc. indeterminate. As a general rule, a structure can be identified as being either statically
• It provides the greater stability to the structure as compared with all other suppor determinate or statically indeterminate by drawing free-body diagrams of all its
members, or selective parts of its members, and then comparing the total number of
4. Simple Support the unknown reactive force and moment components with the total number of
available equilibrium equations. For a coplanar structure there are at most three
equilibrium equations for each part, so that if there is a total of n parts and r force and
moment reaction components, we have
r = 3n, statically determinate
The simple support is used where the structural member has to rest on the external
r > 3n, statically indeterminate
structure. These types of support are not used widely in daily life. It is similar to the roller
support.
The degree of indeterminacy is taken as the difference between the number of reactions to
• The simple supports resist only vertical forces or loads but not horizontal forces.
the number of equations in static equilibrium that can be applied.
• A pan of wood resting on two concrete blocks is the best example of a simple
support.

Summary of Different Types of Support in Tabular Form

See uploaded quiz #2 in the google classroom’s classwork.

V. REFERENCES
1. Mishra, Pankaj, November 2016, Mechanica Booster: Types of Supports in Structures,
https://www.mechanicalbooster.com/2016/11/types-of-support.html
2. Gillesania, DIT, 2012, Civil Engineering Reference for licensure examination Volume
3, Cebu DGPrint Inc.
3. Hibbeler, R.C., 2009, Structural Analysis 7th Edition, Prentice Hall
4. Leet, K.M., Uang, C.M., 2005 International Edition, Fundamentals of Structural
Analysis 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill
5. http://www.aga-cad.com/products/bim-solutions/mep-engineering-smart-
hangers/features
6. http://www.alliedmetalgroup.com/columns-stainless-steel
7. https://www.libertygfg.com/metalcentre/products-services/structural-
steel/structural-steel-welded-beams/
8. http://www.engineeringcorecourses.com/statics/C3-structures/C3.1-introduction-
to-plane-trusses/theory/
9. http://www.technologystudent.com/struct1/arch1.htm