Accounting class notes
Accounting class notes
Subject: Mathematics
Full marks: 80 Time : 3 hours
Section-A [65 Marks]
a. One-one but not onto b. onto but not one-one c. both one-one & onto d. None of these
v. The relation 𝑅 = {(1,1), (1,2), (2,2), (2,3), (3,3), (1,3)} on the set A={1,2,3} is
a. reflexive only b. reflexive & symmetric c. reflexive & transitive d. None of these
vi. What can be concluded about the differentiability of the function given in the graph below?
𝑑𝑦
vii. The integrating factor of the differential equation 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 is
𝑑𝑥
1 1
a. 𝑒 𝑥 b.𝑒 −𝑥 c. 𝑒 𝑥 d. 𝑒 −𝑥
viii. Which of the following is not true for the following diagram?
𝑒 4𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 −𝑒 2𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥
ix. ∫ 𝑒 2𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 −𝑥
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑔(𝑥) + 𝑐, find 𝑔(1).
4−𝑥 2
x. The number of discontinuities of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 1+𝑥+𝑥 2 is/are
a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3
1 1
xi. If A and B are two independent events under the same experiment with 𝑃(𝐴) = 8 & 𝑃(𝐵) = 4, then find
𝑃(𝐴̅ ∩ 𝐵̅)
xii. There are 10 tickets numbered 1 to 10. 2 tickets were picked up randomly in turns without replacement.
What is the probability that the tickets have consecutive numbers in it?
1 4 5
xiii. Find the value of the determinant |𝑥 + 𝑢 𝑦 + 4𝑢 𝑧 + 5𝑢| without expanding.
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
xiv. Discuss the bijectivity of the function 𝑓 = {(1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (4,2)} on the set {1,2,3,4}.
1
xv. Find the value of the integral ∫−1 sin3 𝑥 cos8 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Question 2 [2]
Question 4 [2]
𝜋 𝜋
Find the difference between the greatest and least value of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = sin 2𝑥 − 𝑥 on [− 2 , 2 ].
Question 5 [2]
𝜋
2
sin5 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Evaluate the integral: ∫
sin5 𝑥 + cos5 𝑥
0
Question 6 [2]
A random variable X has the following probability distribution, where k is constant.
𝑘, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 0
2𝑘, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 1
𝑝(𝑥) = { } then (i) determine the value of k. (ii) find 𝑝(𝑥 < 2)
3𝑘, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 2
0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
Question 7 [4]
Consider 𝑓: 𝑅+ → [−9, ∞) given by 𝑓(𝑥) = 5𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 9, where 𝑅+ is the set of all non-negative real no. Prove
√54+5𝑥 −3
that f is invertible with 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) =
5
Question 9 [4]
a. Discuss the continuity & differentiability of the function f defined by 𝑓 (𝑥) = |𝑥 − 1| + |𝑥 − 2| at 𝑥 = 1.
Or,
−1 𝑥
b. If 𝑦 = 𝑒 acos (−1 < 𝑥 < 1), prove that (1 − 𝑥 2 )𝑦2 − 𝑥𝑦1 − 𝑎 2 𝑦 = 0
Question 10 [4]
a. A card from a pack of 52 playing cards is lost. From the remaining cards of the pack three cards are drawn at
random (without replacement) and are found to be all spades. Find the probability of the lost card being a
spade.
Or,
b. A coin is tossed. If it turns up heads, 2 balls will be drawn from urn A, otherwise 2 balls will be drawn from
urn B. Urn A contains 3 Black and 5 White balls. Urn B contains 7 Black and 1 White ball. In both cases, selection
are to be made with replacement. What is the probability that Urn A is used given that both the balls drawn are
black?
Question 11 [6]
In a south Indian Temple, pilgrimages are given three types of food packets whose contents are given below:
Question 12 [6]
𝑥
a. Evaluate: ∫ cos −1 √ 𝑑𝑥
𝑎+𝑥
Or,
𝑑𝑦
b. Solve the differential equation (𝑥 2 + 25) 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 1
Question 13 [6]
a. Prove that the semi- vertical angle of the right circular cone of given volume and least curve surface area is
cot −1 √2.
Or,
b. Show that the semi vertical angle of the right circular cone of maximum volume and of given slant height is
tan−1 √2
Question 14 [6]
A group of class XI students designed a game for class XII students to be played at the firewall programme. They
kept two sets of cards on the stage. Each set contained 4 cards numbered 1, 2, 3 & 4. Each student of class XII
had to draw one card from each set simultaneously.
The score a student received was defined as the difference between the numbers shown on the cards. The
possible outcome of the score is given in the table below:
i. if |𝑎⃗| = √3 , |𝑏⃗⃗| = 2 and the angle between 𝑎⃗ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏⃗⃗ 𝑖𝑠 600 then 𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ is
a. 2 b. √3 c. 2√3 d. 4
𝑥−4 𝑦 𝑧+1 𝑥−1 𝑦+1 𝑧−2
ii. The angle between lines = = 𝑎𝑛𝑑 = = is
2 1 −2 4 −4 2
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
a. 3 b. 2 c. 6
d. none
⃗⃗ , 𝑏⃗⃗ = −𝑖⃗ + 𝑘
iii. If 𝑎⃗ = 2𝑖⃗ − 3𝑗⃗ − 𝑘 ⃗⃗, 𝑐⃗ = 2𝑗⃗ − 𝑘
⃗⃗ then find the value of 𝑎⃗. (𝑏⃗⃗ × 𝑐⃗)
iv. Find the value of k if the lines with the direction ratios < 𝑘, 𝑘, −𝑘 > and < 2,3, −1 > are perpendicular.
v. Find the direction cosines of the line joining the points (1,2,3) & (1, −2,1).
Question 16 [2]
⃗⃗ that has magnitude 15.
Find a vector in the direction of vector 𝑖⃗ − 2𝑗⃗ + 2𝑘
Question 17 [4]
a. Find the area of the region {(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑦 2 ≤ 4𝑥, 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 ≤ 9} using method of integration.
Or,
b. Find the area of the smaller region bounded by the curves 𝑦 2 = 2𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4𝑥
Question 18 [4]
𝑥−8 𝑦+9 10−𝑧 𝑥−15 58−2𝑦 𝑧−5
a. Find the shortest distance between the lines 3
= −16 = −7
and 3 = −16
= −5
Or,
b. Find the equation of the line of intersection of the planes 3𝑥 − 𝑦 + 2𝑧 = 0 and 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 − 2 = 0. Also find
the equation of the plane containing line of intersection and passing through the point (2,2,1).
iii. The cost function C(x) of a firm is given by 𝐶(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 5 then find the marginal cost when x = 10.
𝑥3
iv. A firm has the cost function 𝐶(𝑥) = 3
− 7𝑥 2 + 111𝑥 + 50 and demand function 𝑥 = 100 − 𝑝 then find profit
function.
v. The average cost function associated with producing and marketing x units of an item is given by 𝐴𝐶 = 2𝑥 −
50
11 + , find Marginal cost function.
𝑥
Question 20 [2]
i. marginal average cost function. ii. find the slope of the marginal average cost.
Or,
24−2𝑝
b. The demand function is 𝑥 = where x is the number of units demanded and p is the price per unit . Find
3
i. revenue function R in terms of p. ii. the price and the number of units demanded for which the revenue is
maximum.
Question 21 [4]
Treating x as a independent variable find the line of best fit for the following data:
x 15 12 11 14 13
y 25 28 24 22 30
Hence predict the value of y when x=10.
Question 22 [4]
a. There is two type of fertilizers 𝐹1 and 𝐹2 . 𝐹1 consists of 10% nitrogen and 6% phosphoric acid and F 2 consists
of 5% nitrogen and 10% phosphoric acid. After testing the soil conditions, a farmer finds that she needs atleast
14 kg of nitrogen and 14 kg of phosphoric acid for her crop. If F 1 costs Rs 6/kg and F2 costs Rs 5/kg. Determine
how much of each type of fertilizer should be used so that nutrient requirements are met at a minimum cost.
What is the minimum cost?
Or,
b. A manufacture manufactures two type of plastic bags A and B using two machines M 1 and M2. To
manufacture a bag of type A, machine M1 is operated for 2 minutes and machine M2for 1 minute; to
manufacture a bag of type B, machine M 1 is operated for 3 minutes and machine M2 for 4 minutes. Each
machine can be operated for atmost 8 hours per day. A bag of type A is sold at a profit of Rs 0.05 and a bag of
type B is sold at a profit of Rs 0.75 .How many bags of each type should be manufacture and sold per day so as
to maximize his profit. Form an L.P.P and solve by graphically.