REPORTED SPEECH

I-STATEMENT
1. Direct speech
S+ reporting verb:/, “S+V”
”S+V,” + S+ reporting verb/ reporting verb + S
2. Indirect speech:
Bước 1: Giữ nguyên chủ, tân ở mệnh đề dẫn
Bước 2: Động từ dẫn có dạng: told O/said+ that
Bước 3: Bỏ các loại dấu :, ;, , “ “
Bước 4: Chuyển đổi ngôi của mệnh đề chính
- 1(st) person: chuyển theo chủ ngữ của mệnh đề dẫn
- 2(nd) person: chuyển theo tân ngữ cảu mệnh đề dẫn. nếu mệnh đề dẫn
không có tân ngữ thì ngôi thứ 2 chuyển tự do.
- 3(rd) person: giữ nguyên
Eg: Nga told me: “ You have done a good job”
 Nga told me I had done a good job.
Thai said: “ You never care for my feelings”
 Thai said I never cared for his feelings
Bước 5: chuyển đổi thì ở mệnh đề chính
- HTĐ => QKĐ
- HTTD => QKTD
- QKĐ/HTHT => QKHT
- QKTD/HTHTTD => QKHTTD
- QKHT/QKHTTD => GIỮ NGUYÊN
- WILL/SHALL/CAN/MAY => WOULD/SHOULD/COULD/MIGHT
- WOULD/SHOULD/COULD/MIGHT/WOULD LIKE TO/USED TO =>
THE SAME
- MUST => MUST/HAD TO
Bước 6: Chuyển đổi các trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian
1. Now Then/at once/immediately
2. Today That day
3. Tonight That night
4. Yesterday The day before/The previous day
 5. Tomorrow The next day/ The following day
6. The day after tomorrow Two days later/ In two days time
7. Last (day/week,…) The (day/week) before
The previous (day/week..)
8. Next (day/week…) The next/following (day/week…)
The (day/week..) after
9. Tomorrow evening The next evening
10.Time + ago Time + before
11.Here There
NOTE:
THIS/THESE
+  THAT/THOSE: NẾU ĐỨNG TRƯỚC DANH TỪ
+  IT/THEY: NẾU LÀM CHỦ NGỮ (S)
+  IT/ THEM: NẾU LÀM TÂN NGỮ (O)
Eg: “This is my new boyfriend, Trang” Thu said
 Thu said to Trang it was her new boyfriend.

II-QUESTIONS
1. Direct speech:
S+ reporting verb: “(Wh-word) + aux + S+ V?”
 “(Wh-word) + aux + S+ V?, ” S+ reporting verb
2. Indirect speech:
S+ asked/wondered/wanted to know If/whether S+ V(lùi thì)
Wh-word S+ V (lùi thì)
- Khi mà chuyển thì ta được phép bỏ do/does/did. Các trợ từ còn lại thì đặt
sau chủ ngữ và lùi thì.
Eg: “How can I help you?” The girl told me
 The girl asked me how she could help me.
III-CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT VỚI TO DO
1. Form
S+ reporting verb + (O) + (not) to do
2. Use: diễn tả yêu cầu, lời khuyên, lời mời, sự đe dọa, tự nguyện, hứa, đồng ý,
từ chối.
a. Yêu cầu/request
- Direct speech:
+ (Don’t) Do
+ Will/Would/Can/Could/ you do?
+ Do/Would you mind + doing?
+ You must do
- Indirect speech:
S+ told/asked/ordered/reminded/warned/beggeg/pleaded with(nài
nỉ)/urged (thúc giục) + O + (not) to do
NOTE: nếu mệnh đề chính có dạng “Don’t forget to do” “Remember to
do” thì phải chuyển thành “ S+ reminded O + to do”
Eg: “Don’t forget to turn off the light, Lan” Hoa said
 Hoa reminded Lan to turn off the light.
b. Lời khuyên
- Direct speech:
+ You should(not)/ought (not) to/ had better(not) + do
+ Why don’t you do?
+ If I were you/ in your shoes/in your place/in your situation/in your
position, I would (not) do.
- Indirect speech:
S+ advised + O To do/on doing
Not to do/ against doing.

c. Lời mời
- Direct speech:
+ Would you like to do? (*)
+ Would you like sth? (**)
- Indirect speech:
+ S + invited O + to do (*)
+ S+ offered O + sth (**)
Eg: “Would you like to have a cup of coffee now?” my boss said.
 My boss invited me to have a cup of coffee then.
Eg: “Would you like an apple?” The stranger told me.
 The stranger offered me an apple.
d. Đe dọa/Threat
- Direct speech:
+ If you + V (htđ) I/We will (not) + do
+ (Don’t) Do+ or else/otherwise I/we will(not) do.
- Indirect speech:
S+ threatened (not) + to do + if + S + V (past).
Eg: “Open the safe or I will cut your head” the robber said to me.
 The robber threatened to cut my head if I didn’t open the safe.
Eg: “Don’t tell him the truth otherwise I will hit you,” the captain told
me.
 The captain threatened to hit me if I told him the truth.
Eg:” Accept my proposal or else I will burn your house,” my neighbour
said to me.
 My neighbour threatened to burn my house if I didn’t accept his/her
proposal.
e. Tự nguyện/offer
- Direct speech:
+ Let me do
+ Would you like me to do?
+ Shall I do?
+ I will do if you like.
- Indirect speech:
S + offered (not) to do (for O)...
f. Lời hứa/promise
- Direct speech: sử dụng thì tương lai đơn.
S(I,We) + will (not) do
- Indirect speech:
S+ promised (not) + to do
Eg: “I won’t help you this time,” my father said to me.
 My father promised not to help me that time.
g. Đồng ý/Agreement
- Direct speech:
 OK/Alright/All right + S + (will) + do
- Indirect speech:
S + agreed (not) to do

Eg: “OK. I will not sue you to do the court,” the man told me.
 The man agreed not to sue me to do the court.
Eg:” All right. I will forgive you this time,” the boss said to me.
 The boss agreed to forgive me that time.
h. Từ chối/Refusal
- Direct speech:
S + won’t do
- Indirect speech:
S + refused to do
Eg: “ I won’t employ/take on you because you are very impatient,” the
interviewer said to me.
 The interviewer refused to take on me because I was very impatient.\
IV_ CÂU CẢM THÁN
1. Direct speech
S+ reporting verb “What (a/an) adj+ Noun!” What a beautiful girl!
“How adj/adv S +V!” How beautiful she is!
2. Indirect speech:
S + exclaimed
+ said with exclaimation That + S + (past)
+ complained
Eg1: “What a beautiful girl!” Long told me.
 Long exclaimed that the girl was really beaytiful.
Eg2: “ How persuasively you speak!” my boss said to me.
 My boss said with exclaimation that I spoke really persuasively.
V_ THỨC GIẢ ĐỊNH TRONG CÂU GIÁN TIẾP
1. WISH
a. Direct speech:
S+ reporting verb:/, “S + wish (ht) that S+ V (p/s)/if only S+ V(p/s)
b. Indirect speech:
S + told O/said that S+ wished (that) S+ V(p/s)/if only + S + V(p/s).
Eg1: “I wish I could conquer you,” the man said to me
 The man told me that he wished he could conquer me.
Eg2: “If only I could turn back time,” the prisonal said.
 The prisonal said that if only he could turn back time.
2. MUỐN AI ĐÓ LÀM GÌ Ở HIỆN TẠI.
a. Direct speech:
S+ reporting verb:/, “S1 + would rather/sooner S2+ V(p/s)”
b. Indirect speech:
C1: S + tole O that S1+ would rather/sooner S2+ V(p/s)
C2: S1+ wanted S2(O) (not) to do
Eg: My husband told me: “ I would rather you didn’t keep in touch with
Tom.”
 My husband told me that he would rather I didn’t keep in touch with Tom
 My husband wanted me not to keep in touch with Tom.
Eg: “I would sooner you looked up to my parents,” my boyfriend told me.
 My boyfriend told me that he would sooner I looked up to his parents.
 My boyfriend wanted me to look up to his parents.
3. ĐÃ ĐẾN LÚC AI ĐÓ LÀM GÌ
a. Direct speech:
S+ reporting verb:\, “It is (high) time S + V(p/s)”
b. Indirect speech:
S+ told O/said that+ it was (high) time S+ V(p/s).
Eg: “It’s high time you turned over your life” my mother said to me.
 My mother told me that it was high time I turned over my life.
VI. YES/NO IN REPORTED SPEECH
1. Direct speech:
S+ asked (O): “ Aux + S+ V?”
 “Yes/No” S + replied/said
 and S + replied/said: “Yes/No”
2. Indirect speech:
S+ asked(O)
+ wondered If/whether S+ V (lùi thì)
+ wanted to know
and S said/replied/told (that) S + aux (not)
 + invited
S + offered O+ to do + and....
+ asked/told
Eg1: Long asked me: “ Do you love me?”
“No,” I said/ and I said “No”
 Long asked me if I loved him and I said that I didn’t.
Eg2: “Have you prepared for the exam” the teacher asked me and I said
“Yes”.
 The teacher wanted to know if I had prepared for the exam and I replied
that I had.
Eg3: “ Would you like an ice cream” Hoang asked me. “Yes” I replied.
 Hoang offered me an ice cream and I replied that I did.