Beke General secondary school,2017 E C, First Semester,History

final exam for grade 12 students .

Time allowed:1 :00 hour

I.Write“ True” if the statement is correct and “False“ if it is not
correct.

1.The Eastern Question refers to the political and economic instability in the
Ottoman Empire.

2.The Congress of Vienna in 1815 aimed to restore monarchy and stop the
changes initiated by Napoleon.

3.The Berlin Conference marked the real beginning of colonization in Africa.

4.Menilek II promised to maintain the autonomy of the regions that

submitted to him peacefully after the Battle of Embabo.

5.The last king of Kafa, Tato Gaki Sherocho, peacefully submitted to Menilek
II without any resistance.

II. Match items under Column “A ”with Items Under Column“ B”

A. B

6.Battle of Maychew. A. Final battle on the northern front in 1936

7.Marshal Badoglio. B.Ethiopian victory on the western fron

8.. Battle of Shire. C.Italian commander during the invasion

9.Gideon Force D.Ethiopian women supporting the resistance

movement

10.Naming of Lij Iyasu as successor E.Resulted from opposition from

Shawan nobles

11.Yewust Arbegnoch. F.Addressed the looming crisis of succession

12.Abstention of Empress Taytu. G.Joint army led by British officers in

Ethiopia

H. Ethiopian women supporting the resistance

movement

III. Choose the correct answer from the given alternatives.

13.What event marked Emperor Yohannes IV’s death while fighting the
Mahdists

A. Battle of AdwaB. B) Battle of Kufit

C.Battle of Metemma D) Battle of Sar Wuha

14 Which group of people peacefully submitted without resistance to Menilek

II during his territorial expansion?

A. Western Gurage

B. Shawan Orom

C. Northern Gurag

D. Kistane or Soddo Gurage

15.Why did the United States enter World War I?

 A. To expand its territorial holdings
B. In response to the sinking of the Lusitania
C. To establish a military alliance with Germany
D. Due to disagreements with France

16.Menilek II initiated the work that established the Addis Ababa-Djibouti

railway in collaboration with which country?

A. Italy

B. France

C. United Kingdom

D. Germany

17.What did Menilek II begin to mint as a coin to replace the Maria Theresa
Thaler?

A. Gold coins
B. Silver coin
C. Copper coins
D. Bronze coins

18.Last ruler of the kingdom of Wolaita was:

A. Abba Jifar II
B. Gaki Sherocho
C. Sheikh Khojale
D. Kawo Tona

19.Which socio-economic classes were prominently developed as a result of

industrialization?

A. Aristocrats and Peasants

B. Proletariat and Bourgeoisi

C. Farmers and Merchants

D.Artisans and Clergy

20.. How did the transatlantic slave trade and plantation riches impact the
development of capitalism in Europe?

A. They hindered industrial growth

B. They led to the rise of socialism

C. They provided capital for industrialization

D . promoted feudalism

21.In a capitalist system, who owns the means of production?

A. The government
B. The proletariat
C. The bourgeoisie
D. The artisans

22. Which of the following was the last territory incorporated into the
Ethiopian Empire?

A. Jimma
B. Konso

C. Sidamo

D.Gambella

23. The process of unification of the northern and central parts of Ethiopia
commenced during the reign of:

A. Menilek II

B. Tewodros II

C. Yohanes IV

D. Lij Iyyasu

24.Which region faced significant casualties and stiff resistance before its
incorporation in 1894 during Menilek II’s expansion?

A. Gedeo

B. Konso

C. Wolayta

D. Borana

25. Who led Menilek’s army in the defeat of the forces of Tato Gaki Sherocho,
the last king of Kafa, during the incorporation of Kafa in 1897?

A. Ras Gobana Dache

B. Ras Wolde Giorgis

C. Ras Darge Sahla Sellasie

D. Dajjach Makonnen Walda-Mikae

26. In which year did Menilek II establish the first modern school, Menilek II
School?

A. 1895
B. 1900
C. 1908
D. 1912

27. Who defeated the Egyptian troops at the Battle of Gura in 1876?

A. Emperor Yohannes IV
B. Ras Alula Engida
C. Mohammed Rauf Pasha
D. Werner Munzinger

28. Which port did an Italian private shipping company purchase in 1869,
marking the beginning of Italy’s foothold in the Horn of Africa?

A. Assab

B. Djibouti

C. Massawa

D. Zeila

29. The modern school founded by Menilek II in 1908 aimed to:

 A. Promote traditional teaching methods
B. Introduce Western education
C. Focus on vocational training
D. Preserve ancient Ethiopian languages

30.The introduction of the first modern postal system in Ethiopia was

attributed to:

A. Tewodros II
B. Yohannes IV
C. Menilek II
D. Lij Iyyasu

31. Menilek II’s efforts to modernize Ethiopia included the establishment of

the first modern:

A. Hospital

B. Library

C. University

D. Bank

32.Which treaty signed by Menilek II delimited the boundary between

Ethiopia and French Somaliland (Djibouti)?

A. 1897

B. 1900

C. 1902

D.1907

33.How many soldiers and civilians were estimated to have lost their lives
during World War II?

A. Approximately 20-30 million

B. Approximately 40-50 million
C. Approximately 55-62 million
D. Approximately 70-80 million

34. The Italian forces were decisively defeated by Ras Alula Engida in which
significant battle in 1887?

A. Battle of Dogali

B. Battle of Gunda

C. Battle of Saar Wuha

D.Battle of Kufit

35.What initiative, proposed by U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall,

aimed at allocating billions of dollars for the reconstruction of Europe after
World War II?

A. Berlin Airlift

B. Marshall Plan

C. Truman Doctrine
D .NATO Agreement

36. Which major change resulted from World War II regarding the geopolitical
landscape?

A. Shift of power towards Western Europe

B. Emergence of a unipolar world
C. Rise of colonial empires
D. Transition from a multipolar to a bipolar world

37. What new international organization was established in 1945 following

World War II to replace the failed League of Nations?

A. European Union

B. United Nations

C. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO

D.International Monetary Fund (IMF)

38.. How was Germany divided into zones of occupation after World War II?

A. Two zones: East and West Germany

B. Three zones: American, British, and Soviet
C. Four zones: American, British, French, and Soviet
D. Five zones: Western, Eastern, Northern, Southern, and Central
Germany

39. The Hewett Treaty, brokered by the British in 1884, aimed to facilitate the
evacuation of Egyptian soldiers encircled by the Mahdists in which region?

A. Eastern Sudan

B. Northern Ethiopia

C. Western Ethiopia

D.Southern Ethiopia

40. During the period of triangular tension, Emperor Yohannes IV faced

challenges from which three main sources?

A. Italians, Egyptians, and Mahdists

B. British, French, and Italians

C. Mahdists, Ethiopians, and Egyptians

D. Russians, Ottomans, and Italians

41. What crucial difference in the interpretation of Article XVII of the Treaty of
Wuchale led to tensions between Ethiopia and Italy

A. Military alliance obligations

B. Trade regulations

C. Diplomatic representation

D. Use of Italian government’s good offices

42.Who was believed to have designed the strategy known as the ”siege of
Mekelle” during the conflict with Italian forces?

A. Emperor Menilek II
B. Empress Taytu

C. Ras Mikael

D. Ras Alula

43.The decisive battle of Adwa on March 1st, 1896, was led by which
Ethiopian leaders and war generals?

A. Emperor Tewodros II and Ras Alula Engida

B. Empress Taytu and Ras Mikael

C. Emperor Menilek, Empress Taytu, and Ras Makonnen

D. Lij Iyasu and Ras Mangasha

44.What was one of Lij Iyasu’s reforms during his rule?

A.. Construction of Addis Ababa’s first police force

B Expansion of the nobility’s powers

C. Establishment of a new currency

D. Introduction of a feudal system

45.What led to Empress Taytu abstaining from participating in Ethiopia’s

politics in 1910?

A. Opposition from Shawan nobles

B. Illness

C. Pressure from foreign powers

D. Economic crisis

46.Which European colonial power used the direct rule system in their
African colonies?

A. France
B. Portugal
C. German
D. Belgium

47. Which significant event followed the Battle of Adwa, signaling the
recognition of Ethiopia’s independence by various world powers?

A. Treaty of Mekele
B. Treaty of Addis Ababa
C. Treaty of Adwa
D. Treaty of Mek’ele

48. Who was named as Emperor Menilek II’s successor and regent in 1909?

A. Ras Mekonnen Walda-Mikael

B. Empress Taytu
C. Lij Iyasu
D. Ras Tesema Nadaw

IV . Supply questions:

49.Outline the major decisions and outcomes of the Yalta and Potsdam
Conferences held during World War II
59. Discuss how militarism in Europe during the early 20 th century
contributed to the outbreak of World War I.

51.Describe a major resistance movement against colonialism in Africa:

Good Luck

By :M.K