International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, Volume 1(3), ISSN: 2456-6470

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Speech and Oral Communication Work Text: A Guide

to Improve Speaking Skill of Freshmen Students
in the University of Eastern Philippines
Maria Alfe G. Banawis, Dall
Doctor of Arts in Language and Literature Faculty/Research Coordinator, College of Arts and
Communication University of Eastern Philippines Catarman, Northern Samar, Philippines

ABSTRACT
This worktext is a guide to improve the speaking English can be a means to communicate with people
skill of freshmen students as they face difficulty in who do not speak the native language, assignments
pronunciation, enunciation, articulation, and in which require harmonious communication with native
producing the different sounds of English. Through speakers in English, saying something in English
this work text, students will be able to enhance quickly without committing mistakes, better
their oral competence specially in interpersonal and command of English is related to upward social
public communication. Thus, honing them to be mobility, speaking English can help understand better
better speakers of the English language and having what is happening in other parts of the world, and
established the necessary self-confidence in public mastery of speaking skills can help people easily
speaking. accomplish their objectives.
THE NEED AND IMPORTANCE OF ORAL
KEYWORDS: Speech, Communication, worktext
COMMUNICATION
Overview:
INTRODUCTION Faced with people of different beliefs, values,
This workbook has been written especially for college attitudes, and backgrounds, communication skills
students, with particular concentration on their becomes necessary. In the real world scenarios, we
specific speech needs and difficulties. Throughout its need to engage in group discussions, make
preparation and presentation, the objective has been presentations and interact with managers. To be
foremost: to present, in the most simplified form successful academically and in the future career, s/he
possible, the fundamental features of speech so that must be an effective communicator. Time is changing
the college students may develop their speaking and the demands of the „real world‟ are changing, too.
abilities in their desire to become effective Graduates are expected to think and be able to
communicators. verbalize their ideas in front of an audience with
For further practice, understanding and improvement, different beliefs, values, attitudes, and backgrounds.
significant passages, reinforcement activities, and Communication is a basic human activity, an
exercises are provided for use in order for the students “exchange of information and understanding between
to be better speakers of the English language thereby a sender and a receiver, and the inference (perception)
honing them to be responsible citizen of our country. of meaning between the individuals involved”.
Speaking Skills Lessons and Exercises Analysis of this exchange reveals that communication
The following lessons and exercises comprise the is a two-way process consisting of consecutively
learning needs on speaking skills: giving formal oral linked elements. It involves the speaker who
speeches or presentation, public speaking or communicates with a particular listener.
delivering information, communicating with other Communication as an art calls for creativity and
students demonstrations in laboratories, knowledge of intelligibility in introducing words which are beautiful
vocabulary, communicating with simple ideas and and pleasurable to the minds of the listeners and in the
requests, a good command of English can make it hearts of the readers. As an art, there is also accuracy
easier to find good job after graduation, speaking and clearness of the sound produced and the word
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itself in a spoken language. In other words, Key Concepts/Topics:
communication is the art of giving and receiving Arsenia Tan (1997) tells that public speaking is a
information in both written and spoken words. direct communication with an audience involving a
A. creativity and intelligibility display of oratory and eloquence.
B. beautiful and pleasurable
TYPES OF SPEECHES
C. new and worthwhile Speeches are classified into three big groups:
D. accuracy and clearness according to purposes, according to preparation and
E. giving and receiving manner of deliver, and according to occasion (Padilla,
F. written and spoken words et. al., 2010).
G. appreciating and discovering ideas
A. According to Purposes
2. Describe (orally) communication as an art using 1. Informative Speech
parallel phrases above in A. 2. Argumentative Speech
A. Listen and repeat after the teacher read the 3. Persuading Speech
following words aloud. 4. Entertaining Speech
5. Inspirational Speech
according effective language receive
basic factors meaning sender B. According to Preparation and Manner of
comprehension function need speech Delivery
creativity habit output understandable 1. Impromptu
determine impairment particular worthwhile 2. Extemporaneous Speech
3. The Well-Prepared and Memorized Speech
B. Listen and repeat after the teacher read the
4. Public Reading
following words aloud.
attitudes education feelings prayer C. According to Occasion
1. Introduction Speech
beautiful excuse improve religious
2. Speech of Presentation
cannot expensive knowledge space
3. Opening Remarks
decision experience necessary weight
4. Closing Remarks
C. Sentences. Communicate to your classmates the 5. Welcome Speech
following ideas with words; then, with no words 6. After Dinner Speech
only gestures. 7. Farewell Speech
1. I‟m hungry. D. KNOWLEDGE OF VOCABULARY
2. I love you. Overview:
3. I hate you! This topic discusses vocabulary as giving the
4. I am so sorry. appropriate meaning to each word and how this word
5. Look at me. is being used in the sentence.
6. Tell me please.
Key Concepts/Overview:
7. I am listening.
USEFUL LANGUAGE TERMS
8. Trust me.
 Noun A noun is a person, place, thing or
9. I am honest.
idea.
10. Any problem?
- Sandra likes to eat sandwiches for
B. GIVING FORMAL SPEECHES OR
lunch.
PRESENTATION
Overview: - Love is a very strong emotion.
Communication is an important gift from God to  Verb The word that shows the action of the
make others know what we want, what we need, how sentence.
we feel and how we are. To speak is a basic human
process, knowingly or unknowingly when one talks - They speak French.
s/he shares his/her ideas, s/he shows his/her attitude - My father works at the power plant.
and s/he reveals himself.

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 Adjective A word that describes a noun. 11 Each Other – refers to One Another –
two persons refers to three or
- Lexi is a very smart girl.
more persons
 Adverb A word that describes a verb or an
adjective. 12 Effective – something or Efficient – one that
someone that can produce can perform with
- The secretary types quickly. desirable results relatively little effort
 Tense A verb has tense. Tense shows when at low cost
the action happened. 13 Empathy – strong words Sympathy – feeling
Simple She walks to school which suggest of sadness or loss
Present everyday. identification with another being shared with
person another person
Present She is walking to
Progressive school now. 14 Farther – distance Further – additional

Simple Past She walked to school 15 Free Gift – just day “gift”
yesterday. (It is always free.)

Past She was walking to 16 Gourmand – a glutton Gourmet –

Progressive school when she saw connoisseur of wine
her friend. 17 Hope – aspirations for Wish – aspirations
Future She is going to walk something probable for something far
to school. from reality

WORDS OFTEN CONFUSED 18 Instance – an example Instant – immediate

1 Among – when more than Between – when two 19 Imply – something Infer – something
three (3) persons are (2) things or persons suggested deduced
involved, but each is are involved. 20 In regard to – in regards – as regards
considered individually. to (wrong) (correct)
2 Avocation – hobby Vocation – one‟s 21 Later – more late Latter – the second
regular occupation (comparative form of late) mentioned of two
or work things or persons
3 Allude – to refer to Elude – to avoid 22 Less – refers to quantity Few – refers to
indirectly number
4 Advice – a counsel (noun) Advise – to counsel 23 Nauseous – sickening to Nauseated – sick to
(verb) contemplate the stomach
5 Accept – to take Except – to exclude 24 Oral – of the mouth Aural – of the ear
6 Adapt – to adjust Adopt – to take/to 25 Paper – material Papers – documents
assume as one‟s
26 Prophecy – a prediction Prophesy – to
own
(noun) predict (verb)
7 Beside – at the side of Besides –
27 Stationary – Stationery – a
additionally
fixed/unmoving writing paper
8 Bath – washing Bathe – moisten all
28 That – defining, restricted Which – not
over
restricted
9 Childlike – marked by Childish – immature
29 Their – possessive form There – at that place
innocence
of they They’re –
10 Disinterested – impartial Uninterested – not
contraction for they
interested
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are Choral interpretation is a task that will require all
interpreters to agree on what emotions, attitudes, or
30 Irregardless – should just
themes to convey, and to undergo numerous
be regardless
rehearsals, under a competent director, on speaking
31 Demure – modest Demur – to hesitate and moving in unison with the structure and meaning
of the literary piece.

A. EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION Song is a composition for voice or voices, performed

ACTIVITIES IN VARIOUS SITUATIONS by singing.
Overview: Chamber theatre stages prose fiction – a short story
This topic presents speaking as a common method of or a novel.
exchanging ideas. It means almost half the messages
Readers’ theatre normally involves the group
by the people give on other are spoken. Speaking
reading of a play in such a manner as to place the
skills are there very important. You success both in
scene not onstage but out to and beyond the audience
school and on the job depend largely on your ability
area.
to speak well.
In this topic you will learn various forms of REFERENCES
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