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3.3 CALC Rules of Differentiation

The document outlines various rules for differentiation, including the derivative of constant functions, power rules for positive and negative integer powers, the constant multiple rule, and the sum and difference rule. It also covers the product and quotient rules, as well as differentiation for rational powers and higher-order derivatives. Examples are provided for each rule to illustrate their application in finding derivatives.

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2 views

3.3 CALC Rules of Differentiation

The document outlines various rules for differentiation, including the derivative of constant functions, power rules for positive and negative integer powers, the constant multiple rule, and the sum and difference rule. It also covers the product and quotient rules, as well as differentiation for rational powers and higher-order derivatives. Examples are provided for each rule to illustrate their application in finding derivatives.

Uploaded by

serenaelias20
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3.

3 RULES FOR DIFFERENTIATION Date:___________

Rule #1: Derivative of a Constant Function


𝑑𝑓 𝑑
If 𝑓 is the function with the constant value 𝑐, then = 𝑑𝑥 (𝑐) = 0
𝑑𝑥

Ex1: Find the derivative.

a) b) 𝑓(𝑥) = −7.3

Rule #2: Power Rule for Positive Integer Powers of x


𝑑
If 𝑛 is a positive integer, then (𝑥 𝑛 ) = 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1
𝑑𝑥

Ex2: Find the derivative of each function:

a) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2

b) 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 3

c) 𝑦 = 𝑥10
Rule #3: The Constant Multiple Rule
𝑑 𝑑𝑢
If 𝑢 is a differentiable function of 𝑥 and 𝑐 is a constant, then (𝑐𝑢) = 𝑐
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Ex3: Find the derivative of each function:

a) 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2

b) 𝑦 = −𝑥 4

2
c) 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 𝑥 3

Rule #4: The Sum and Difference Rule

If 𝑢 and 𝑣 are differentiable functions of 𝑥, then their sum and difference are differentiable at every
𝑑 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
point where 𝑢 and 𝑣 are differentiable. At such points, (𝑢 ± 𝑣) = + 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Ex4: Find the derivative of

a) 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 2 + 9𝑥

1
b) ℎ(𝑥) = 2 𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 + 15

5
c) 𝑝(𝑡) = 𝑡 3 + 6𝑡 2 − 3 𝑡 + 1
Ex4A: Does the given curve have any horizontal tangents? If so, where?

a) 𝑦 = 𝑥 4 − 2𝑥 2 + 2

b) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 7𝑥 2 + 12𝑥

Rule #5: The Product Rule

The product of two differentiable functions 𝑢 and 𝑣 is differentiable, and

𝑑 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑢
(𝑢𝑣) = 𝑢 +𝑣
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Ex5: Find 𝑓′(𝑥), if 𝑓 is given.

𝑎) 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 3 − 2𝑥) b) 𝑓(𝑥) = (−𝑥 2 + 4)(𝑥 3 + 9𝑥)


Ex5A: Let 𝑦 = 𝑢𝑣. Find 𝑦 ′ (2) if 𝑢(2) = 3, 𝑢′ (2) = −4, 𝑣(2) = 1 and 𝑣 ′ (2) = 2.

Rule #6 The Quotient Rule


𝑢
At a point where 𝑣 ≠ 0, the quotient 𝑦 = 𝑣 of two differentiable functions is differentiable and
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑣
𝑑 𝑢 𝑣 −𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑣
( )= 𝑣2

Ex6: Differentiate.
−𝑥 2 −1 3𝑥 4 −2𝑥 3 +4
𝑎) 𝑓(𝑥) = b) 𝑓(𝑥) =
2𝑥+1 2𝑥 2
(𝑥−2)(𝑥 2 +3𝑥+10)
c) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥3

Rule #7 Power Rule for Negative Integer Powers of x


𝑑
If 𝑛 is a negative integer and 𝑥 ≠ 0, then (𝑥 𝑛 ) = 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1
𝑑𝑥

Ex7: Differentiate.

𝑎) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 −4 𝑐)𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 −3 − 13

−5 𝑥 −3 +𝑥 −1
𝑏) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑑) 𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥3 𝑥 −4
Rule #8: Power Rule for Rational Powers of x
𝑑
If 𝑛 is a rational number, then (𝑥 𝑛 ) = 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1
𝑑𝑥

Ex8: Find the derivative of:

a) 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥

3
b) 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 2

Second and Higher Order Derivatives:

𝑦 ′′

𝑦′′′

Ex9: Find the first 4 derivatives of 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 2 + 2

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