Bhartiyam International School

CHAPTER 3 MEETING LIFE CHALLENGES

Class 12 - Psychology

Section A
1. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [4]
Various factors have been identified which facilitate the development of positive health. Health is a state of
complete physical, mental, social, and spiritual well-being and not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity. Positive health comprises the following constructs: “a healthy body, high quality of personal
relationships, a sense of purpose in life self-regard, mastery of life’s tasks and resilience to stress, trauma,
and change”.
Specifically, factors that act as stress buffers and facilitate positive health are diet, exercise, positive attitude,
positive thinking, and social support. It is essential to have a healthy lifestyle for handling stress and effective
coping. Assertiveness, time management, rational thinking, improving relationships, self-care, and overcoming
unhelpful habits are life skills that help us to meet life's challenges. Positive health and well-being come through
a balanced diet, exercise, positive attitude, positive optimistic thinking, and social support. There is also a need
for overall harmonious conditions in society. We must avoid taking unhealthy escape routes of smoking,
alcohol, drugs, and other harmful behaviors.
(a) is a behavior or skill that helps to communicate, clearly and confidently, our feelings,
needs, wants, and thoughts.
a) Assertiveness b) Systematic

c) Physiological d) Cognitive
(b) What are the traits of hardiness?

a) The threat, harm, challenge b) Frustration, conflict, burnout

c) Exercise, self-care, diet d) Commitment, control, challenge

(c) The strategy which involves denying or minimising the seriousness of the situation while coping with
stress is called .

a) Emotion-oriented strategy b) Task-oriented strategy

c) Assertiveness d) Avoidance-oriented strategy

(d) The three types of social support related to psychological well-being are tangible, emotional, and
.

a) Cultural b) Positive

c) Informational d) Social
2. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [4]
Stress, either physiological, biological, or psychological is an organism's response to a stressor such as an
environmental condition. Stress is the body's method of reacting to a condition such as a threat, challenge, or
physical and psychological barrier. Stimuli that alter an organism's environment are responded to by multiple
systems in the body. In psychology, stress is a feeling of emotional strain and pressure. Stress is a type of

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 psychological pain. Small amounts of stress may be desired, beneficial, and even healthy. Positive stress helps
improve athletic performance. It also plays a factor in motivation, adaptation, and reaction to the environment.
Excessive amounts of stress, however, may lead to bodily harm. Stress can increase the risk of strokes, heart
attacks, ulcers, and mental illnesses such as depression and also aggravation of a pre-existing condition. Two
kinds of appraisals of a stressor are especially important in this regard: primary and secondary appraisals. Some
stressors are inherently more stressful than others in that they are more threatening and leave less potential for
variation in cognitive appraisals. Nevertheless, an appraisal will still play a role in augmenting or diminishing
our reactions to such events.
(a) The stresses which people experience vary in terms of intensity, duration, complexity, and .

a) Thinking b) Predictability

c) Temperament d) Personality
(b) What do challenges, problems, and difficult circumstances put us to?

a) Calm b) Relax

c) Happiness d) Stress
(c) What are events that cause our body to give the stress response?

a) Stressors b) Irritants

c) Traumas d) Happiness
(d) The reaction to external stressors is called .

a) Burnout b) Strain

c) Hardiness d) Frustration
Section B
3. Armaan was overly stressed. Thus, he is most likely to expose himself to . [1]

a) Pathogens b) Burnout

c) Coping d) Antibodies
4. The study that focuses on the link between the brain, mind, and immunity system is called: [1]

a) Psychoimmunology b) Psychoimmunoneorology

c) Neuroimmunology d) Psychoneuroimmunology
5. A kind of technique used to manage stress which is a subjective experience that uses imagery and imagination. [1]

a) Deep breathing with muscle relaxation b) Creative visualisation

c) Biofeedback d) Meditation
6. Ananya is in a state of physical, emotional and psychological exhaustion. Thus, she is experiencing . [1]

a) Breakdown b) Burnout

c) Resistance d) Coping
7. How many types of appraisals are there? [1]

a) 4 b) 2

c) 3 d) 1

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 8. The stage of general adaptation syndrome marked by intense physiological efforts to adapt to the stressor [1]
is called the:
a) Exhaustion b) Resistance

c) Reaction d) Alarm
9. Stress Inoculation training is an effective stress management technique developed by . [1]

a) Lazarus and Folkman b) Meichenbaum

c) Kobasa d) Hans Seyle

10. Psychoneuroimmunology is a branch of psychology that focuses on the links between . [1]

a) The brain and the immune system b) The mind, the brain and the body

c) The mind, the brain and the immune system d) The mind and the brain
11. Which type of effect of stress is poor concentration and reduced short term memory capacity? [1]

a) Emotional effect b) Physiological effect

c) Behavioural effect d) Cognitive effect

12. Which term is used to describe the level of stress that is good for you? [1]

a) Distress b) Strain

c) Eustress d) Stressor
13. The general adaptation syndrome consists of three stages which include: [1]

a) the stage of exhaustion b) the alarm reaction

c) all of these d) the stage of resistance

14. is a dynamic developmental process referring to the maintenance of positive adjustment under [1]
challenging life conditions.
a) Exercise b) Health

c) Diet d) Resilience
15. GAS theory was propounded by . [1]

a) Selye b) Lazarus

c) Kobasa d) Folkman
16. General adaptation syndrome is given by . [1]

a) Parker b) Selye

c) Endler d) Lazarus
17. The reaction to external stressors is called: [1]

a) Tension b) Strain

c) Stress response d) Stress

18. How many types of social support are there? [1]

a) 3 b) 2

c) 4 d) 1

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19. Which of the following is not the personality trait of hardiness? [1]

a) Change b) Control

c) Challenge d) Commitment
20. Which of the following is not psychological stress? [1]

a) Anxiety b) Internal pressure

c) Frustration d) Conflict
21. is a dynamic situation-specific reaction to stress. [1]

a) Lifestyle b) Psychoneuroimmunology

c) Coping d) Pathogens
22. Problem-focused and emotion-focused coping responses are given by . [1]

a) Parker and Endler b) Lazarus and Folkman

c) Selye d) Lazarus
Section C
23. Assertion (A): Unhelpful habits such as perfectionism, avoidance, procrastination, etc. are strategies that help [1]
to cope in the short term.
Reason (R): Perfectionists have difficulty in varying standards according to factors such as time available,
consequences of not being able to stop work, and the effort needed.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

24. Assertion (A): Hardiness is a set of beliefs about oneself, the world, and how they interact. [1]
Reason (R): It improves the efficiency of the heart, reduces fat in the blood, and improves the body's
immune system.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

25. Assertion (A): Coping is a dynamic situation-specific reaction to stress. [1]
Reason (R): Individuals show consistent individual differences in the coping strategies they use to
handle stressful situations.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

26. Assertion (A): Stress can affect natural killer cell cytotoxicity which is of major importance in the [1]
defense against various infections and cancer.
Reason (R): Natural killer cells are involved in the fight against both viruses and tumors.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

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 c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
27. Assertion (A): Social discrimination, interpersonal hurt, low grades in school, are causes of frustration. [1]
Reason (R): Frustration occurs where a party fails to perform his/her contractual obligations due to an event
that is beyond the control of either party.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
correct explanation of A.
correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section D
28. Fill in the blanks: [1]
(a)
Aanya is unable to concentrate towards her studies, as she is unable to stop thinking about the [1]
errors that she would make while answering in class. This is known as .
Section E
29. Knowing you have will help you go through a stressful situation more positively. [1]

a) social support b) social self

c) identity achieved d) primary appraisal

Section F
30. What do you understand by creative visualization? [1]
31. What is strain? [1]
32. How does behavior medicine, a new discipline, help to alleviate stress? [1]
33. Explain the physiological effects of stress. [1]
34. What is burnout? [1]

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