‫ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺍﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﺷﻜﺎﻟﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎﻑ ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻱ ﻳﻜﺸﻒ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻋﺎﻟﻤًﺍ ﺭﺍﺋﻌًﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺘﻬﺒﺔ ﻟﻌﻄﺎﺭﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻀﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻀﺨﻢ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺘﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻛﻞ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﻳﺤﻤﻞ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﻭﻗﺼﺼًﺍ ﻓﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﺗﺄﺳﺮ ﺧﻴﺎﻟﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺰﺯ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺗﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺤﺴﺐ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻳﻌﻤﻖ ﺃﻳﻀًﺍ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻧﺎ ﻟﻠﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻊ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻱ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻭﺃﺷﻜﺎﻟﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻛﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ ﺟﺰﺀﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﺘﻨﻮﻋﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻫﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻱ ﻟﻼﻃﻔﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻼً ﺣﻮﻝ ﻛﻞ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ‪:‬‬

‫ﻋﻄﺎﺭﺩ ‪Mercury‬‬

‫ﻋﻄﺎﺭﺩ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ﺣﺠﻤﺎً ﺑﻴﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ‪ .‬ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﻯ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻗﺮﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﻏﻼﻓﺎً ﺟﻮﻳﺎً ﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻪ ﺗﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻫﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ‪ .‬ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﺣﺠﻤﻪ‬
‫ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ ‪ % 60‬ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻱ ﻭﺑﺴﻄﺤﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻲﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻮﻫﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻳُﻣﻜﻦ ﺭﺅﻳﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺃﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮﺏ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺓ ‪Venus‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺓ ﻫﻮ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺃﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻭﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺗﻮﺃﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺓ ﺑﻐﻼﻓﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺃﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺒﺐ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺒﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﻭﻳﺠﻌﻠﻪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺳﺨﻮﻧﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪ 400‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻣﻌﺎﻛﺲ ﻟﻤﻌﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﺃﻱ ﻗﻤﺮ‪ .‬ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻛﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺟﺮﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ‪Earth‬‬

‫ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ .‬ﺗﺘﻮﺍﻓﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻘﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻛﺴﺠﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺤﻤﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺷﻌﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﺑﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﻌﺘﺪﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺤﻪ‪ .‬ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺗﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﻗﻤﺮﺍً ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺍً ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺍً ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺎً ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺰﺭ‪ .‬ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻫﻲ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﻧﺸﻂ‬
‫ﺟﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎً‪ ،‬ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﺍﻛﻴﻦ ﻭﺯﻻﺯﻝ ﻭﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﺧﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻘﺪﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻳﺦ ‪Mars‬‬

‫ﻳُﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻳﺦ ﺭﺍﺑﻊ ﻛﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳُﻋﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺮ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻤﻨﺤﻪ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ ﺃﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺃ( ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺤﻪ‪ .‬ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻳﺦ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻً ﻻﺳﺘﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ ﺃﺩﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻴﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻴﺎﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻪ‪ .‬ﻳﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﻏﻼﻓﺎً ﺟﻮﻳﺎً ﺭﻗﻴﻘﺎً ﻭﻳﺘﻨﺎﻭﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻮﻝ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻣﻴﻞ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﻫﻤﺎ ﻓﻮﺑﻮﺱ ﻭﺩﻳﻤﻮﺱ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻱ ‪Jupiter‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﺣﺠﻤﻪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 11‬ﻣﺮﺓ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ .‬ﻫﻮ ﻋﻤﻼﻕ ﻏﺎﺯﻱ ﻻ ﻳﻤﺘﻠﻚ‬
‫ﺳﻄﺤﺎً ﺻﻠﺒﺎً‪ ،‬ﻭﻳُﺣﻴﻂ ﺑﻪ ﻏﻼﻑ ﺟﻮﻱ ﻛﺜﻴﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺪﺭﻭﺟﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻴﻠﻴﻮﻡ‪ .‬ﻳﺸﺘﻬﺮ ﺑﻌﻮﺍﺻﻔﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ “ﺍﻟﺒﻘﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺮﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻤﺔ”‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﺎﺻﻔﺔ ﻋﻤﻼﻗﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻣﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻴﻦ‪ .‬ﻳُﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﻉ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﺎً ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻜﻤﻞ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺣﻮﻝ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ 10‬ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻤﺘﻠﻚ ‪ 79‬ﻗﻤﺮﺍً‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ “ﻏﺎﻧﻴﻤﻴﺪ” ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳُﻋﺘﺒﺮ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﺃﻗﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺯﺣﻞ ‪Saturn‬‬

‫ﺯﺣﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺸﺘﻬﺮ ﺑﺤﻠﻘﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻠﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺨﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ ﺟﺪﺍً‬
‫ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺭﺅﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﺴﻜﻮﺏ‪ .‬ﺯﺣﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺒﻠﻎ‬
‫ﻗﻄﺮﻩ ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 10‬ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ .‬ﻳﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﺯﺣﻞ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﺎً ﻣﻌﻘﺪﺍً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ 62‬ﻗﻤﺮﺍً‪ ،‬ﺃﺑﺮﺯﻫﺎ “ﺗﺎﻳﺘﺎﻥ”‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳُﻋﺪ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻗﻤﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ ﻭﻳﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﻏﻼﻓﺎً ﺟﻮﻳﺎً ﺧﺎﺻﺎً ﺑﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻧﻮﺱ ‪Uranus‬‬

‫ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻧﻮﺱ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳُﻋﺘﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻣﻴﻞ ﻣﺤﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﺪﻭﺭ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ‪ .‬ﻳُﻋﺘﻘﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻞ ﺳﺒﺒﻪ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻡ ﻣﻊ ﺟﺴﻢ ﺿﺨﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻧﻮﺱ ﻋﻤﻼﻕ‬
‫ﻏﺎﺯﻱ ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﻼﻑ ﺟﻮﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺪﺭﻭﺟﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻴﻠﻴﻮﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﺜﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻤﻨﺤﻪ ﻟﻮﻧﺎً ﺃﺯﺭﻕ ﻣﻤﻴﺰﺍً‪ .‬ﻳﻤﺘﻠﻚ ‪ 27‬ﻗﻤﺮﺍً ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺎً‬
‫ﻭﺣﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻫﺘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﺒﺘﻮﻥ ‪Neptune‬‬

‫ﻧﺒﺘﻮﻥ ﻫﻮ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻛﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺭﺅﻳﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺮﺩﺓ‪ .‬ﻳﺸﺘﻬﺮ ﺑﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺜﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻏﻼﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻱ‪ .‬ﻧﺒﺘﻮﻥ ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﺄﻗﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻞ ﺳﺮﻋﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 2000‬ﻛﻢ‪/‬ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﻤﺘﻠﻚ ‪ 14‬ﻗﻤﺮﺍً ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺎً‪ ،‬ﺃﺑﺮﺯﻫﺎ “ﺗﺮﻳﺘﻮﻥ”‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳُﻋﺘﻘﺪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻛﻮﻛﺒﺎً ﻗﺰﻣﺎً‬
‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺃﺳﺮﻩ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻴﺔ ﻧﺒﺘﻮﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﺟﻤﻞ ﻭﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻱ‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺳﻴﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻱ‪ ،‬ﺇﻟﻴﻜﻢ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﺴﺎﻋﺪﻛﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﻭﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰﻩ‪:‬‬

‫‪.Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system‬‬

‫ﻋﻄﺎﺭﺩ ﻫﻮ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪.Venus is often called Earth’s twin due to its similar size and composition‬‬

‫ﻳُﻃﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺓ ﻏﺎﻟﺒًﺍ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﻮﺃﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺣﺠﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺑﻬﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

‫‪.Earth is the only planet known to support life‬‬

‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﻳﺪﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪.‬‬

.‫ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺤﻪ‬،‫ﻳُﻋﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻳﺦ ﺑﻤﻈﻬﺮﻩ ﺍﻷﺣﻤﺮ‬

.Saturn is easily recognizable because of its stunning rings

.‫ﻳُﻋﺮﻑ ﺯﺣﻞ ﺑﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺣﻠﻘﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﻌﺔ‬

.Uranus is unique because it rotates on its side, unlike any other planet

.‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻜﺲ ﺃﻱ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﺁﺧﺮ‬،‫ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻧﻮﺱ ﻓﺮﻳﺪ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺪﻭﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ‬

.Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun and is known for its deep blue color

.‫ﻧﺒﺘﻮﻥ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﻷﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻭﻳُﻋﺮﻑ ﺑﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻛﻦ‬

.The planets in our solar system revolve around the Sun in elliptical orbits

.‫ﺗﺪﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﻭﻳﺔ‬

.Each planet has its own unique characteristics and atmosphere

.‫ﻳﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﻛﻞ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﻭﻏﻼﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ‬

?What are the names of the planets in English

‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻱ؟‬

The names of the planets in English are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and
.Neptune

.‫ ﻭﻧﺒﺘﻮﻥ‬،‫ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻧﻮﺱ‬،‫ ﺯﺣﻞ‬،‫ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻱ‬،‫ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻳﺦ‬،‫ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬،‫ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺓ‬،‫ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻋﻄﺎﺭﺩ‬

?Which planet is closest to the Sun

‫ﺃﻱ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ؟‬

.Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun

.‫ﻋﻄﺎﺭﺩ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬

?What is the largest planet in our solar system

‫ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ؟‬

.Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system

.‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ‬

?Does Venus have any moons

‫‪.No, Venus does not have any moons‬‬

‫ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻳﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﺓ ﺃﻱ ﺃﻗﻤﺎﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪?How many rings does Saturn have‬‬

‫ﻛﻢ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﺘﻠﻜﻬﺎ ﻛﻮﻛﺐ ﺯﺣﻞ؟‬

‫‪.Saturn has seven prominent rings‬‬

‫ﻳﻤﺘﻠﻚ ﺯﺣﻞ ﺳﺒﻊ ﺣﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺭﺯﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪?Can we see Neptune from Earth without a telescope‬‬

‫ﻫﻞ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺭﺅﻳﺔ ﻧﺒﺘﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮﺏ؟‬

‫‪.No, Neptune cannot be seen from Earth without a telescope‬‬

‫ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺭﺅﻳﺔ ﻧﺒﺘﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﻠﺴﻜﻮﺏ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﺗﻌﻠّﻡ ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻱ ﺧﻄﻮﺓ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻮﺳﻴﻊ ﺁﻓﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻛﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺑﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻊ‬
‫‪ ، British Online‬ﺗﻀﻤﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺑﺄﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻲ ﻣﺒﺘﻜﺮ ﻳﺮﻓﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﺍﻙ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻱ ﻭﻳﻌﺰﺯ ﻓﻬﻤﻚ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴّﺯ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻌﻠّﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺷﻚ ﺃﻥ ‪ British Online‬ﻫﻮ ﺧﻴﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬‬

‫‪.solar‬‬
‫‪.solarsystem‬‬
‫‪system‬‬

‫‪Malak Abd-Elhameed Ghoniem‬‬

‫‪IPS Ocober3 / FS2B‬‬