Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

Lesson 2
Union and Intersection of Events Using
Venn Diagrams

Table of Contents

Learning Competency 2
Learning Objectives 2
Suggested Time Frame 2
Essential Questions 3
Prerequisite Skills and Topics 3
Lesson Proper 4
- A. Introduction 4
- B. Discussion 6
- C. Practice and Feedback 12
Performance Assessment 21
Synthesis 31
Bibliography 31

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

Unit 19 | Union and Intersection of Events

Lesson 2: Union and Intersection of Events
Using Venn Diagrams

Learning Competency

The learner illustrates events, and union and intersection of events [M10SP-IIIf-1].

Learning Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to

• accurately illustrate the union and intersection of events using a Venn diagram;
• correctly determine the probability of the union and intersection of events using a
Venn diagram; and
• correctly solve word problems involving the union and intersection of events.

Suggested Time Frame

2 hours1

1
Suggested time frame is based on the DepEd calendar for A.Y. 2018-2019 and the curriculum guide for mathematics (August
2016 version).

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

Essential Questions

At the end of this lesson, the student should be able to answer the following questions:
• Why is it important to illustrate the union and intersection of events using a Venn
diagram?
• Do all events have an intersection? Why do you think so?

Prerequisite Skills and Topics

Skills:
• Simplifying fractions
• Operations on fractions
• Illustrating events, and union and intersection of events
Computing the probability of an event
Topics:
• Math 4 Unit 5: Fractions | Lesson 2: Changing Fractions to Lowest Terms
• Math 6 Unit 1: Addition and Subtraction of Fractions | Lesson 1: Addition and
Subtraction of Fractions without Regrouping
• Math 7 Unit 1: Sets | Lesson 2: Set Operations
• Math 7 Unit 1: Sets | Lesson 3: Sets and the Venn Diagram
• Math 8 Unit 15: Probability| Lesson 1: Probability of Simple Events
• Math 10 Unit 16: Permutation | Lesson 1: Fundamental Counting Principle and the
Factorial Notation
• Math 10 Unit 18: Combination | Lesson 2: Combination of 𝑛 Objects Taken 𝑟 at a
Time
• Math 10 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events | Lesson 1: Sample Space, Events,
and Getting the Probability of an Event

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

Lesson Proper

A. Introduction

Suggested Warm-up Activities

Choose from any of the following warm-up activities. These warm-up activities should
either stimulate recall of previous lesson or introduce the lesson and not already used
in the study guide.

Activity 1: Duration: 10 minutes

We’re More Common
Than You Think! Materials Needed: pen and paper

Methodology:
This activity will help the 1. Ask each student to list down their top 10 favorite
students recall the concept movies or TV shows.
of Venn Diagram. 2. Ask each student to look for a pair and compare
their lists.
3. Ask each pair to create a Venn Diagram of their
favorite movies or TV shows.
4. Ask two to three students to share their work in
class.

Expected Results:
The students should be able to construct a Venn Diagram
of their favorite movies or TV shows.

Guide Questions:
1. How were you able to construct a Venn Diagram of
your favorite movies or TV shows?
2. Do you think we can apply this in determining the
probability of an event? Why do you think so?

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

Activity 2: Duration: 10 minutes

Quick Survey!
Materials Needed: marker, manila paper

This activity will help the Methodology:

students recall the concept 1. Divide the class into groups with four members
of Venn Diagram. each.
2. Ask each group to conduct a survey among its
members. Ask them if the following criteria fit
them:
• singers
• plays a musical instrument
3. Ask each group to construct a Venn Diagram of the
result of their survey.
4. Ask a representative to present their work in class.

Expected Results:
The students should be able to construct a Venn Diagram
of those who sing and who plays a musical instrument.

Guide Questions:
1. How were you able to construct a Venn Diagram
that represents your group?
2. Do you think we can apply the concept of Venn
Diagram in solving probabilities of event? Why do
you think so?

Teacher’s Notes
A suggested warm-up activity with ICT integration is available in the presentation file
that you can download through this link: http://bit.ly/33vrVOr

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10
B. Discussion

Teacher’s Notes
An alternative way of presenting the following discussion is through the video lecture
included in your Quipper Video subscription package. Just log in to your teacher
account at https://link.quipper.com and assign your students the corresponding video
lecture which they can watch either at home or in the classroom.

Suggested Instructional Flow

1. Define and Discover

In this lesson, the following key terms/concepts will be discussed:

• Venn Diagram – a diagram used to visualize the probabilities of multiple

events

Examples:
Given a set of integers from 1 to 10, let 𝐴 represent the set of odd integers
and 𝐵 represent the set of prime numbers. The Venn Diagram of 𝐴 and 𝐵 is
shown below.

• Universal set – set that contains all the elements

Example:
In tossing a coin, the sample space is 𝑆 = {𝐻, 𝑇}, which is also the universal
set.

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10
• Intersection – set containing the elements common to two sets

Given sets 𝐴 and 𝐵, their intersection is represented as 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵.

Example:
Given a universal set 𝑈 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, let set 𝐴 be the set of odd
numbers and set 𝐵 be the set of prime numbers.

The elements of set 𝐴 are 𝐴 = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9} and the elements of set 𝐵 are
𝐵 = {2, 3, 5, 7}. Thus, 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 = {3, 5, 7}. This is illustrated in the Venn diagram
below.

• Union – set containing the elements that belong to either of the two sets

Given sets 𝐴 and 𝐵, their union is represented as 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵.

Example:
Given a universal set 𝑈 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, let set 𝐴 be the set of odd
numbers and set 𝐵 be the set of prime numbers.

The elements of set 𝐴 are 𝐴 = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9} and the elements of set 𝐵 are
𝐵 = {2, 3, 5, 7}. Thus, 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 = {1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9}. This is illustrated in the Venn
diagram as follows.

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

2. Develop and Demonstrate

The following examples may be used in the discussion.

Teacher’s Notes
Use the Try It! slides of the corresponding presentation file to present the worked
examples. You may also refer to the worked examples provided in the study
guide for varieties.

Example 1: Using a Venn diagram, illustrate the union and the

intersection of event 𝐴, which has the outcomes {1, 2, 3, 4}
and event 𝐵, which has the outcomes {3, 4, 5, 6}.

Solution/Explanation: 1. Construct the Venn diagram.

In our given, we know that 𝐴 = {1, 2, 3, 4} and

𝐵 = {3, 4, 5, 6}. Note that the elements common to
both 𝐴 and 𝐵 are 3 and 4. Thus, we need to place
them on the overlapping part of the circles.

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

2. Determine the union and intersection of 𝐴 and 𝐵.

The elements common to 𝐴 and 𝐵 are 3 and 4.

Therefore, 𝑨 ∩ 𝑩 = {𝟑, 𝟒}.

Let us combine the elements of 𝐴 and 𝐵 to

determine its union.
Therefore, 𝑨 ∪ 𝑩 = {𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑, 𝟒, 𝟓, 𝟔}.

Example 2: In the Venn diagram below, set 𝐴 represents the number

of people who like Korean food, and set 𝐵 represents the
number of people who like Japanese food.
Determine the probability that if a person is randomly
selected from that group, that person likes either
Japanese or Korean food.

Solution/Explanation: 1. Determine the number of outcomes of the sample

space.

Based on the Venn diagram, there are 15 people

who like Korean food only, 18 people who like
Japanese food only, 7 people who like both, and 10
people who like neither.

Adding all the numbers up, it means that there is a

total of 50 people in this group. Thus, 𝑛(𝑆) = 50.

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

2. Determine the number of outcomes of the event.

We would like to know the probability that they

like either Japanese or Korean food. Note that 15
people like Korean food, 18 people like Japanese
food, and 7 people like both. Adding them up, we
get 40. Therefore, 𝑛(𝐸) = 40.

3. Solve for the probability.

𝑛(𝐸 )
𝑃(𝐸 ) =
𝑛(𝑆)
40
=
50
4
=
5

Therefore, the probability that a randomly selected

person from the group who likes both Korean and
𝟒
Japanese food is 𝟓.

Example 3: In a class with 25 students, 10 of them are singers, 12 of

them are dancers, and 5 of them neither sing nor dance.
What is the probability that if a student from that class is
randomly selected, the chosen student is both a singer
and a dancer?

Solution/Explanation: 1. Construct the Venn diagram of the problem.

We need to know four things in this problem: the

number of students who are singers only, the
number of students who are dancers only, the
number of students who can do both, and the
number of students who does neither.

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

In the given problem, 5 of them neither sing nor

dance. So, we are left with 20 students who sing or
dance.

Let us also note that 10 of the students are

singers, and 12 of them are dancers. Adding them
up, we get 22. However, we only have 20 students
left to consider. This means that 2 of them both
sing and dance.

Since 10 of the students are singers, we subtract 2

to determine the number of students who can sing
only. It follows that 8 students can sing only.

Similarly, we do the same process for the dancers.

Since 12 of the students can dance, we subtract 2.
It follows that 10 students can dance only.

Following the given information, the Venn diagram

is as follows.

2. Determine the probability that a randomly

selected student can both sing and dance.

Based on the Venn diagram, 2 students can both

sing and dance. Thus, 𝑛(𝐸) = 2. Also, there are a
total of 25 students. Thus, 𝑛(𝑆) = 25.

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

𝑛(𝐸 )
𝑃(𝐸 ) =
𝑛(𝑆)
2
=
25

Therefore, the probability that a randomly selected

𝟐
student from that class can sing and dance is .
𝟐𝟓

C. Practice and Feedback

Teacher’s Notes
Use the Let’s Practice! slides of the corresponding presentation file to present the
questions for practice. You may also refer to the Try It Yourself! questions provided in
the study guide for varieties.

For individual practice

1. Ask the students to answer the following problem items individually using pen and
paper.
2. Give students enough time to answer the problem items.
3. Call a random student to show his or her work on the board afterward.
4. Let the student share how he or she comes up with his or her solution.
5. Inform the student the accuracy of his answer and solution, and in the case when
there is some sort of misconception, lead the student to the right direction to find
the correct answer.

Problem 1: Consider the universal set as the set of all integers from 1 to
15. Set 𝐴 is the set of integers divisible by 2, and set 𝐵 is the
set of integers divisible by 3. Construct the Venn diagram and
determine their union and intersection.

Solution/Explanation: 1. List the elements for each set.

The universal set is

𝑈 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15}.

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

The elements of set 𝐴 are 𝐴 = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14}.

The elements of set 𝐵 are 𝐵 = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15}.

2. Construct the Venn diagram.

Observe that the elements 6 and 12 are common to

both 𝐴 and 𝐵. We have to write them down on the
overlapping part of the Venn diagram.

Also, we have to include the elements that are not

part of 𝐴 and 𝐵. We write these outside the Venn
diagram.

3. Determine the union and intersection of 𝐴 and 𝐵.

The elements common to 𝐴 and 𝐵 are 6 and 12.

Therefore, 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 = {6, 12}.

Let us combine the elements on 𝐴 and 𝐵.

Therefore, 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 = {2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15}.

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

Problem 2: From a group of 30 participants, 22 of them said they drink

coffee, and 25 of them said they drink tea. Each participant
selected at least one drink. What is the probability that if a
participant is selected at random, that participant drinks tea
only?

Solution/Explanation: 1. Construct the Venn diagram of the problem.

In this problem, we know that there are 30

participants, and each of them chose at least one
drink.

We also know that 22 of them drinks coffee, and 25 of

them drinks tea. If we add that, we will get 47, which is
more than 30. By subtracting 47 by 30, we will get 17,
which is the number of participants who drink both
coffee and tea.

Now, let us determine the number of participants who

drink coffee only. By subtracting 17 from 22, we get 5.

Let us also determine the number of participants who

drinks tea only. By subtracting 17 from 25, we get 8.

Thus, the Venn diagram of the problem is as follows.

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

2. Determine the probability that a randomly selected

participant drinks coffee only.

In the Venn diagram, we can see that only 5

participants drink coffee only. Thus, 𝑛(𝐸 ) = 5.

Note that we have a total of 30 participants. Thus,

𝑛(𝑆) = 30.

𝑛(𝐸 )
𝑃 (𝐸 ) =
𝑛(𝑆)
5
=
30
1
=
6

Therefore, the probability that a randomly selected

𝟏
participants drinks coffee only is .
𝟔

Problem 3: A recent survey from 50 participants shows that 25 of them

have traveled abroad for the past year, 23 of them have
traveled within the country for the past year, and 8 of them
have not traveled anywhere for the past year. What is the
probability that if a participant is randomly selected, that
participant has traveled within the country only?

Solution/Explanation: 1. Construct the Venn diagram of the problem.

In the given problem, there are 50 participants, and 8

of them have not traveled anywhere. This leaves us
with 42 participants who have traveled for the past
year.

Also, take note that 25 of them have traveled abroad

and 23 of them have traveled within the country.
Adding them up, we get 48. Subtracting 42 from 48,

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

we will get 6, which is the number of participants who

traveled both abroad and within the country for the
past year.

From here, let us determine the number of

participants who traveled abroad only by subtracting
6 from 25, which gives us 19.

Similarly, let us determine the number of participants

who traveled within the country only by subtracting 6
from 23, which gives us 17.

Using this information, we can construct the Venn

diagram that represents the problem. We let set 𝐴 be
the group of participants that have traveled abroad
and set 𝐵 be the group of participants that have
traveled within the country.

2. Determine the probability that a randomly selected

participant has traveled within the country only.

In the Venn diagram, we can see that there are 17

participants who have traveled within the country
only. Thus, 𝑛(𝐸 ) = 17.

Note that we have a total of 50 participants.

Therefore, 𝑛(𝑆) = 50.

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

𝑛(𝐸 )
𝑃 (𝐸 ) =
𝑛(𝑆)
17
=
50

Therefore, the probability that a randomly selected person

𝟏𝟕
has traveled within the country only is .
𝟓𝟎

For group practice

1. Ask the students to form a minimum of 2 groups to a maximum of 5 groups.
2. Each group will answer problem items 4 and 5. These questions are meant to test
students’ higher-order thinking skills by working collaboratively with their peers.
3. Give students enough time to analyze the problem and work on their solution.
4. Ask each group to assign a representative to show their solution on the board and
discuss as a group how they come up with their solution.
5. Inform the student the accuracy of his answer and solution, and in the case when
there is some sort of misconception, give the student opportunity to work with
his/her peers to re-analyze the problem, and then lead them to the right direction to
find the correct answer.

Problem 4: In a class of 80 students, 42 are members of the Math

Society, and 21 are in Social Action. Twelve of the students
are in both clubs. Construct a Venn diagram and determine
the probability that a randomly selected student in that class
is not a member of both clubs.

Solution/Explanation: 1. Construct the Venn diagram of the problem.

In the given problem, 12 of the students are in both

clubs. Since 42 of the students are in the Math Society,
we can subtract 42 by 12 to determine the number of
students who are in Math Society only.

42 − 12 = 30

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

Thus, there are 30 students who are in Math Society

only.

Similarly, there are 21 students who are in Social

Action club. Subtracting that by 12, we can get the
number of students who are in Social Action club only.

21 − 12 = 9

Thus, there are 9 students who are in Social Action

club only.

Adding the 30 students in Math Society, 9 students in

the Social Action club, and 12 students who are in
both clubs, we get a total of 51 students. However, we
have 80 students. This means that 80 − 51 = 29
students are not member of these two clubs.

We can use this to construct the Venn diagram that

represents the problem.

2. Determine the probability that a randomly selected

student in that class is not a member of both clubs.

In the Venn diagram, there are 29 students who are

not part of both clubs. Thus, 𝑛(𝐸) = 29.

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

Also, there are 80 students in that class. Thus,

𝑛(𝑆) = 80.

𝑛(𝐸 )
𝑃(𝐸 ) =
𝑛(𝑆)
29
=
80

Therefore, the probability that a randomly selected student

𝟐𝟗
in that class is not a member of both clubs is 𝟖𝟎.

Problem 5: The data from an interview of 100 Grade 10 students showed

that 59 students like Math, 42 students like English, and 23
students like both of the subjects. Construct a Venn diagram
to illustrate the situation and determine the probability that a
randomly selected student likes Math only.

Solution/Explanation: 1. Construct the Venn diagram of the problem.

In the given problem, 23 of the students like both

subjects. Since 59 of the students like Math, we can
subtract 23 from 59 to determine the number of
students who like Math only.

59 − 23 = 36

Thus, there are 36 students who like Math only.

Similarly, we can follow the same process to

determine the number of students who like English
only. Note that there are 42 students who like English.

42 − 23 = 19

Thus, there are 19 students who like English only.

Adding up the 36 students who like Math only, the 19

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

students who like English only, and the 23 students

who like both subjects, we have a total of 78 students.
Since we interviewed 100 students, we can subtract
the two to determine the number of students who do
not like both subjects.

100 − 78 = 22

Therefore, 22 students do not like both subjects.

Using this, we can construct the Venn diagram that
represents the problem.

2. Determine the probability that a randomly selected

students likes Math only.

In the Venn diagram, there are 36 students who like

Math only. Thus, 𝑛(𝐸 ) = 36.

Note that there are 100 students interviewed. Thus,

𝑛(𝑆) = 100.
𝑛(𝐸 )
𝑃 (𝐸 ) =
𝑛(𝑆)
36
=
100
9
=
25

Therefore, the probability that a randomly selected student

𝟗
likes Math only is .
𝟐𝟓

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

Web Box

For further discussions about Venn diagram, and union and intersection of sets, you
can check on the following webpages:

• Stapel, Elizabeth. "Venn Diagrams: Set Notation." Purple Math. Retrieved from
18 July 2019 from https://bit.ly/2JYMDx4

• Jordan, Lori, and Kate Dirga. “12.12 Union and Intersection of Sets.” CK-12.
Retrieved from 18 July 2019 from https://bit.ly/2K7iBYe

Performance Assessment

This performance assessment serves as formative assessment, divided into three sets
based on student’s level of learning. See next pages for separate printable worksheets.
• Worksheet I (for beginners)
• Worksheet II (for average learners)
• Worksheet III (for advanced learners)

Teacher’s Notes
For a standard performance assessment regardless of the student’s level of learning,
you may give the problem items provided in the Check Your Understanding section of
the study guide.

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10
Worksheet I

A. Refer to the given Venn diagram below and answer the following questions. (15 points)

A number is selected from the set of integers from 1 to 10. Let set 𝐴 be the set of odd
integers and let set 𝐵 be set of multiples of 3.

1. What is the probability that a randomly selected number is both odd and a multiple
of 3?

2. What is the probability that a randomly selected number is either odd or a multiple
of 3?

3. What is the probability that a randomly selected number is an odd integer but not a
multiple of 3?

4. What is the probability that a randomly selected number is a multiple of 3 but not
an odd integer?

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10
5. What is the probability that a randomly selected number is neither an odd number
nor a multiple of 3?

B. Construct the Venn diagram that represents the problem. (5 points)

1. A number is selected from the set of integers from 1 to 5. Let set 𝐴 be the set of odd
numbers and set 𝐵 be the set of prime numbers. Construct the Venn diagram that
represents the problem.

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10
Worksheet II

Solve the following word problems.

1. Twenty cards are numbered from 1 to 20. Let set 𝐴 be the set of multiples of 3 and let
set 𝐵 be the set of multiples of 4. (10 points)

a. Construct the Venn diagram that represents the problem.

b. What is the probability that a randomly selected card is a multiple of 3 but not a
multiple of 4?

c. What is the probability that a randomly selected card is a multiple of 4 but not a
multiple of 3?

d. What is the probability that a randomly selected card is neither a multiple of 3 nor
a multiple of 4?

e. What is the probability that a randomly selected card is either a multiple of 3 or a

multiple of 4?

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10
2. A survey has been conducted among 50 students. It turns out that 25 of them passed
their entrance exam in University Q, 29 of them passed their entrance exam in
University R, and 4 of them did not pass in both schools. (10 points)

a. Construct the Venn diagram that represents the given problem.

b. What is the probability that a randomly selected student from that group passed in
University Q only?

c. What is the probability that a randomly selected student from that group passed in
University R only?

d. What is the probability that a randomly selected student from that group passed in
both universities?

e. What is the probability that a randomly selected student from that group did not
pass in both universities?

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10
Worksheet III

Solve the following word problems.

1. A music class contains 40 students – 20 of them play the guitar, 17 of them play the
piano, and 5 of them play both instruments. (10 points)

a. Construct the Venn diagram that represents the problem.

b. What is the probability that a randomly selected student plays the guitar only?

c. What is the probability that a randomly selected student does not play the piano?

d. What is the probability that a randomly selected student does not play the guitar?

e. What is the probability that a randomly selected student plays either the guitar or
the piano?

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10
2. A restaurant has been reserved for 50 people. 15 of them selected both the Meat and
Vegetarian options, 23 of them did not select the Meat option, and 40 of them selected
either the Meat option or the Vegetarian option. (10 points)

a. Construct the Venn diagram that represents the problem.

b. What is the probability that a randomly selected person chose the Meat option only?

c. What is the probability that a randomly selected person did not choose the
Vegetarian option?

d. What is the probability that a randomly selected person chose the Vegetarian option?

e. What is the probability that a randomly selected person did not choose both the Meat
and the Vegetarian option?

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10
Answer Key

Worksheet I

1
A. 1.
5
3
2. 5
3
3. 10
1
4.
10
2
5. 5

B. 1.

Worksheet II

A. 1. a.

1
b. 4
1
c. 5
1
d.
2

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10
1
e. 2

2. a.

17
b. 50
21
c.
50
4
d. 25
2
e.
25

Worksheet III

A. 1. a.

3
b. 8
23
c. 40
1
d. 2
4
e. 5

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10
B. 1. a.

6
b.
25
11
c. 25
14
d. 25
1
e. 5

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 Unit 19: Union and Intersection of Events • Grade 10

Synthesis

Wrap-up To summarize the lesson, ask students the following

questions:
1. How do you construct a Venn diagram that represents
the union or intersection of two events?
2. How do you determine the probability of the union or
intersection of two events?

Application and Values To integrate values and build connection to the real world,
Integration ask students the following questions:
1. What are some examples of union and intersection of
events that you encounter in everyday life?
2. In what way can you use a Venn diagram to help you
in making decisions?

Bridge to the Next Topic To spark interest for the next lesson, ask students the
following questions:
1. Can you solve for the probability of the union and
intersection of two events even without using the
Venn diagram?
2. Is there a formula that we can use to solve for the
probability of the union and intersection of two
events?

Bibliography
Cristobal, Ramon B., et al. Math World 10. Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc. 2015

Stapel, Elizabeth. "Venn Diagrams: Set Notation." Purple Math. Retrieved from 18 July 2019
from https://bit.ly/2JYMDx4

Jordan, Lori, and Kate Dirga. “12.12 Union and Intersection of Sets.” CK-12. Retrieved from
18 July 2019 from https://bit.ly/2K7iBYe

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