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multimedia-lesson-5

The document explains digital graphics, highlighting their composition from pixels and the importance of resolution and color models. It distinguishes between raster and vector graphics and discusses graphic size, compression methods, and file formats. Additionally, it covers the impact of pixel count and color depth on image quality and file size.

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8 views20 pages

multimedia-lesson-5

The document explains digital graphics, highlighting their composition from pixels and the importance of resolution and color models. It distinguishes between raster and vector graphics and discusses graphic size, compression methods, and file formats. Additionally, it covers the impact of pixel count and color depth on image quality and file size.

Uploaded by

disandigamage07
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Creates Multimedia

contents to express
ideas effectively
Digital Graphics
Drawings or images, created with the use of computer graphic
software, are called digital graphics.

Basic elements /properties of digital


graphics
Pixel
A pixel is a tiny illuminated dot having a colour which is displayed
on a computer screen.
The digital graphics are created with thousands of such pixels.

These pixels get arranged in rows or columns close to each other


to produce graphical image.

A digital graphic is an array of rectangular pixels called a bitmap

The size of a graphic can be increased or decreased to fit into a


computer screen or a printing paper. In changing the size of the
original graphic, the size of the pixel is changed. When the
graphic has a smaller number of pixels its quality decreases when
it is enlarged
The word “pixel” means a picture element. Every photograph, in digital form, is
made up of pixels. They are the smallest unit of information that makes up a picture.
Usually round or square, they are typically arranged in a 2-dimensional grid. ... As you
can see, the pixels approximate the actual image.
Colours used in a graphic are represented by the number of bits
per pixel (bpp) used. Graphics which use more bits per pixel are
higher quality.
Colours in a pixel and the number of
bits

by observing a graphic, it is not possible to determine the numbers of colours per


pixel used. The number of bits used for the pixel only help find out the number of
colours per pixel used.
Resolution
Pixels are used to measure the physical dimension of a digital
graphic. The physical dimension is displayed as the image
resolution

This illustration in above figure is 250 pixels wide and 175 pixels
high. The image resolution, therefore, is 250 x 175 pixels or
43,750 pixels.
A high resolution digital graphic using a large number of pixels
is higher in quality.
To determine the quality of a graphic the number of pixels per
inch (ppi) used (horizontal or vertical) or the number of dots per
inch (dpi) used (horizontal or vertical) are considered.
Colour
A digital graphic contains tens of thousands of pixels. Each pixel
represents a colour.

Therefore, a pixel is a small dot with a colour. There are about 16


million of recognizable colours visible to the naked eye. This
number comes from a mixture of colours. However, it is difficult
to correctly recognize each colour.
Colour Models

RGB Model – This is widely used to create images on television screens


or computer screens using coloured lights. The Primary Colours used
here are Red, Green and Blue.

CMYK Model – This model is used for printing on paper using coloured
inks. The Primary Colours used here are Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and
Black.
 Colours are very useful to maintain the quality of the picture or illustration.

 Single colours are known as primary colours.

 Colours made by mixing two colours are known as secondary colours while tertiary
colours are made by mixing three colours.

 There are 256 (0 - 255) colour variations in a primary colour.


Forming a tertiary colour
Graphic size and compression
The size of a graphic is determined by the number of pixels,
the number of lines and the colour combinations used for the
creation.
A graphic with a large number of pixels, colours and a high
resolution has a large file size. There may be difficulties in
storing and transmission of such a graphic.
Graphic compression is used to compress file size.
Compression can be carried out at the time of saving the
graphic or later.

The file formats used for compression in saving a graphic may


or may not cause affect to the original quality of the graphic.
The file formats are created using different algorithms to suit
the compression.
It is possible to compress graphics to a minimum size using
Lossy file formats, but this compression reduce the quality of
the original graphic.

The reopened graphic does not show its original form. Yet, to
make it faster for compression and for saving and
downloading from the Internet, Lossy compression is useful.
JPEG, TIFF, BMP are a example for Lossy file formats.

On the other hand, it is possible to compress a graphic


preserving its original quality.
In opening such a file, it is displayed in its original quality.

This compression is identified as Lossless format. GIF, PNG,


RAW are examples for Lossless file formats
Graphic Types
 Digital graphics fall into two main categories.
 They are raster graphics and vector graphics.
 The type of graphic (raster or vector) is decided according to
the graphical software used.
Difference between Raster graphic and Vector graphic

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