KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA

NATION RELIGION KING

PROJECT OWNER: FUNDED BY:

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, YOUTH

AND SPORT

HIGHER EDUCATION IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (HEIP)

PART II, SECTION VII

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
( PART I )
(FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF ALL BUILDINGS OF HEIP)

YEAR: 2022

PREPARED BY
 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

TABLE OF CONTENT
(PART I)
SECTION 0: INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................. 1

1. GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................ 1

2. MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT .............................................................................................................. 4

3. EXECUTION .................................................................................................................................... 5

4. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT .............................................................................................. 5

SECTION 1: GENERAL WORKS .......................................................................................................................................... 7

1. GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................ 7

2. MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT .............................................................................................................. 7

3. EXECUTION .................................................................................................................................... 7

4. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT .............................................................................................. 8

SECTION 2: DEMOLITION, REMOVAL AND DISPOSAL ............................................................................................... 9

1. GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................ 9

2. MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT .............................................................................................................. 9

3. EXECUTION .................................................................................................................................... 9

4. MEASUREMENT & PAYMENT .................................................................................................. 10

SECTION 3: EARTH WORKS .............................................................................................................................................. 11

1. GENERAL ...................................................................................................................................... 11

2. MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................................ 12

3. EXECUTION .................................................................................................................................. 12

4. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT ............................................................................................ 13

SECTION 4: CAST-IN PLACE CONCRETE PILE (BORED PILE) ................................................................................ 14

1. GENERAL ...................................................................................................................................... 14

2. BORED CAST IN PLACE PILES ................................................................................................. 16

3. INTEGRITY TESTING OF PILES ................................................................................................ 25

SECTION 5: PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE PILES .......................................................................................... 28

1. DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................... 28

2. PRODUCTS .................................................................................................................................... 29

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

3. EXECUTION .................................................................................................................................. 30

SECTION 6: PRESTRESSED CONCRETE PILES ........................................................................................................... 33

1. DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................... 33

2. PRODUCTS .................................................................................................................................... 34

3. EXECUTION .................................................................................................................................. 35

SECTION 7: CONCRETE WORKS...................................................................................................................................... 38

1. GENERAL ...................................................................................................................................... 38

2. MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................................ 40

3. EXECUTION .................................................................................................................................. 43

4. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT ............................................................................................ 49

SECTION 8: STEEL STRUCTURE WORKS ...................................................................................................................... 52

1. GENERAL ...................................................................................................................................... 52

2. MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................................ 52

3. EXECUTION .................................................................................................................................. 53

4. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT ............................................................................................ 55

SECTION 9: METAL ROOFING WORKS.......................................................................................................................... 57

1. DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................... 57

2. ROOFING ....................................................................................................................................... 57

3. MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................. 58

4. ALUMINUM SUPPORTS AND FRAMING................................................................................. 59

5. SUBMITTALS................................................................................................................................ 61

6. INSTALLATION............................................................................................................................ 62

7. WARRANTY.................................................................................................................................. 63

SECTION 10: MISCELLANEOUS METALS WORKS...................................................................................................... 64

1. SCOPE OF WORK ......................................................................................................................... 64

2. SUBMITTALS................................................................................................................................ 64

3. COORDINATION .......................................................................................................................... 64

4. MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................. 64

5. MISCELLANEOUS SHAPES........................................................................................................ 66

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

6. MANHOLE AND WALL LADDER RUNGS ............................................................................... 67

7. FENCES .......................................................................................................................................... 67

8. METAL WATER STORAGE TANKS .......................................................................................... 68

9. MACHINE WORK ......................................................................................................................... 68

SECTION 11: MASONRY WORKS...................................................................................................................................... 70

1. GENERAL ...................................................................................................................................... 70

2. MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................................ 71

3. EXECUTION .................................................................................................................................. 72

4. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT ............................................................................................ 74

SECTION 12: MORTAR, PLASTER WORKS .................................................................................................................... 75

1. GENERAL ...................................................................................................................................... 75

2. COMPOSITION OF MORTAR AND PLASTER ......................................................................... 75

3. MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................. 75

4. SUBMITTALS................................................................................................................................ 75

5. PREPARATION OF MORTAR AND PLASTER ......................................................................... 76

6. MORTAR AND PLASTER SURFACES AND BEDDING .......................................................... 76

7. WATERPROOF CEMENT MORTAR .......................................................................................... 77

8. BROKEN BRICK CONCRETE ..................................................................................................... 77

SECTION 13: WOOD DOORS AND WINDOWS WORKS ............................................................................................... 78

1. DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................... 78

2. MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................. 78

3. FINISH ............................................................................................................................................ 78

4. INSTALLATION............................................................................................................................ 79

5. HARDWARE.................................................................................................................................. 79

6. SUBMITTALS................................................................................................................................ 79

7. STORAGE ...................................................................................................................................... 80

SECTION 14: DOOR AND WINDOW HARDWARE......................................................................................................... 81

1. GENERAL ...................................................................................................................................... 81

2. PRODUCTS .................................................................................................................................... 83

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3. EXECUTION .................................................................................................................................. 87

SECTION 15: GLASS AND GLAZING WORKS ................................................................................................................ 89

1. DESCRIPTION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................. 89

2. MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................. 89

3. SUBMITTALS................................................................................................................................ 90

4. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURES...................................................... 91

SECTION 16: FINISH AND ROUGH CARPENTRY WORKS ......................................................................................... 93

1. GENERAL ...................................................................................................................................... 93

2. CLASSIFICATION OF CARPENTRY ......................................................................................... 93

3. SUBMITTALS................................................................................................................................ 93

4. MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................. 93

5. DELIVERY AND STORAGE ........................................................................................................ 95

6. WORKMANSHIP .......................................................................................................................... 95

7. WOOD FOR FORM WORK .......................................................................................................... 96

8. PROTECTION OF MASONRY ..................................................................................................... 96

9. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT ............................................................................................ 96

SECTION 17: FLOOR AND WALL TILE COVERING WORKS .................................................................................... 98

1. DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................... 98

2. MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................. 98

3. SUBMITTALS................................................................................................................................ 98

4. INSTALLATION............................................................................................................................ 99

5. DELIVERY AND STORAGE ...................................................................................................... 100

6. WARRANTY................................................................................................................................ 100

SECTION 18: TERRAZZO WORKS .................................................................................................................................. 101

1. DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................. 101

2. MATERIALS ................................................................................................................................ 101

3. SUBMITTALS.............................................................................................................................. 101

4. PREPARATION OF SURFACES ................................................................................................ 101

5. INSTALLATION.......................................................................................................................... 101

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SECTION 19: VINYL FLOOR COVERING...................................................................................................................... 104

1. GENERAL .................................................................................................................................... 104

2. PRODUCTS .................................................................................................................................. 105

3. EXECUTION ................................................................................................................................ 106

SECTION 20: PAINTING WORKS .................................................................................................................................... 109

1. DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................. 109

2. GENERAL .................................................................................................................................... 109

3. SUBMITTALS.............................................................................................................................. 109

4. MATERIALS ................................................................................................................................ 109

5. SCAFFOLDING ........................................................................................................................... 110

6. PREPARATION OF SURFACES ................................................................................................ 110

7. WORKMANSHIP ........................................................................................................................ 111

8. APPLICATION OF PAINTS ....................................................................................................... 112

9. VENTILATION ............................................................................................................................ 113

10. SHOP PAINTING......................................................................................................................... 113

11. FIELD PAINTING ....................................................................................................................... 113

12. APPEARANCE ............................................................................................................................ 114

13. MIXING AND THINNING .......................................................................................................... 114

14. COLORS ....................................................................................................................................... 114

15. PROTECTION AND CLEANING ............................................................................................... 115

16. INSPECTION ............................................................................................................................... 115

SECTION 21: PROTECTIVE COATING WORKS .......................................................................................................... 116

1. GENERAL .................................................................................................................................... 116

2. PRODUCTS .................................................................................................................................. 118

3. EXECUTION ................................................................................................................................ 122

SECTION 22: CEILING WORKS ....................................................................................................................................... 127

1. DESCRIPTION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ................................................................ 127

2. MATERIALS ................................................................................................................................ 128

3. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURES.................................................... 128

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SECTION 23: EXTERNAL WORKS .................................................................................................................................. 130

1. GENERAL .................................................................................................................................... 130

2. MATERIALS ................................................................................................................................ 131

3. EXECUTION ................................................................................................................................ 133

4. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT .......................................................................................... 134

THE END OF PART I ........................................................................................................................................................... 135

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

SECTION 0: INTRODUCTION

1. GENERAL
1) This specification shall apply to the construction of new buildings of HEIP of Ministry of
Education, Youth, and Sport (MoEYS) as shown on Drawings.
2) The specification shall be read in conjunction with the drawings of each building provided for
this tender, the condition of contract, and all other documents in respect of this contract.
3) The contractor shall ensure that requirements in the specifications be strictly adhered to when
carrying out the Works, unless otherwise instructed by the Consultants or by Department of
Construction (DoC) of MoEYS.

1.1. SCOPE OF WORKS

Being not limitative, the works shall comprise mainly:

- The construction of new buildings in reinforced concrete structure.

- The construction of septic tank, underground water tank, all in reinforced concrete.
- The installation of the electrical works, IT networks, telephone lines, ventilation, air
conditioning, fire alarm system, firefighting (Fire Diesel Injected Pump) and other works
subjected to MEP drawing
- The construction of the water works including water supply, waste water and storm drainage
system and other works as subjected to MEP drawing.
- The connection to the EDC electrical, City Water Supply and City sewers networks.
- The installation of elevators
- All other related works.

1.2. STANDARDS AND CODES OF PRACTICE

1) All Plant, civil works and analysis methods shall be in accordance with the Uniform Building
Code (UBC), and standards stated in these documents. American standards, Thai International
Standards (TIS), Japanese International Standards (JIS), British Standards (BS), German
Standard (DIN) and the standards issued by the International Organization for Standardization
have generally been used in developing these specifications.
2) The standards issued by the appropriate authorities or organizations in the eligible member
countries may be accepted if the Engineer and the Project/DOC is satisfied as follows:
3) The use of such standards does not compromise the quality of the product in any way.
4) The standards were intended for international use and have national recognition in the country
of issue.
5) The requirements and regulations of the appropriate Electricity Supply Authority in Phnom
Penh, Cambodia shall also apply to the electrical installations.
6) In the event of conflict between the above regulations, the regulations of the appropriate
Authority in Cambodia shall take precedence.
7) The Contractor shall supply particular copies of the Standard and other documents referred to
in the contract at the Engineer and the Project/DOC's request.

1.3. CONTRACTOR'S DRAWINGS

1) Based on the approved drawings in the bids, the Contractor shall prepare and submit to the
Engineer and the Project/DOC for approval within 15 days of the commencement date 4 copies

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

of Shop Drawings. These drawings shall be based on the Tender Drawings provided by the
Engineer and the Project/DOC and shall be fully dimensioned to show the following:

- All bases, plinths, anchors, fasteners, thrust blocks, bolted and welded connection, etc.
- All holes, pockets and openings in floors, walls or roof to accommodate and support the plant,
equipment, pipes, etc.
- All pipe connections, manhole covers, frames, step-iron, and
- Bar schedule including bar size, length bar bending, concrete cover, etc.
2) The Contractor shall prepare and submit to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for approval,
within 15 days of the commencement date, 4 copies of his Temporary Installations Drawings
(office, workshop, etc…). These drawings shall be fully dimensioned to illustrate the proposed
installations. The Installation Drawings shall contain full details of the pipe work arrangements
proposed by the Contractor including proposals for dismantling joints for pipe works'
disassembly.
3) The Contractor shall prepare and submit all necessary information to the Engineer and the
Project/DOC within 15 days after the Date for Completion of the Contract’s Works, duly
amended, in order to produce 2 sets of As Built Drawings. These accurate records drawings
shall be fully dimensioned to show the locations, elevations, dimensions and other pertinent
details of the work executed under this Contract.

1.4. DISCREPANCIES

In the event of any discrepancy between Contract Drawings, Specifications or Contract

Documents and unless these were brought to the attention of the Consultants or DoC before
the submission of the tender, the more stringent of the requirements shall be prevail and the
contractor is deemed to have priced his document accordingly.

1.5. INSPECTION AND TESTING

1) The Works shall be subject to inspection, examination and testing during manufacture, and
works to demonstrate that it complies with the Specification and that the performance is
suitable for the intended purpose. Any tests that are proposed by the contractor as a result of
failure to comply with the requirements of this specification shall be at the contractor's own
expense. The contractor shall be responsible for any consequential costs and delays. The
results of such tests will not necessarily be accepted as proof of compliance with the
Specifications.
2) Certified copies of certificates for all tests shall be submitted by the Contractor to the
Engineer and the Project/DOC in triplicate.
3) Works shall not be dispatched from the manufacturer until notification has been received from
the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

1.6. ERECTION OF WORKS

1) Skilled erectors shall be employed in the erection or installation of the woks and they shall be
technically competent to interpret drawings, to diagnose faults occurring during the erection
and tests on completion, and to report on all matters appertaining to erection.
2) After works completed the Contractor shall protect the Works from water, debris, dust, paint,
etc. to the satisfaction of the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

1.7. DEFECTIVE WORKS

1) Where in the opinion of the Engineer and the Project/DOC, any of the finished works or
materials or workmanship in any part of the works fails to comply with the Specifications, that
part of the works will not be accepted and will be classified as defective.
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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

2) All works classified defective shall be cut and removed from the Works and replaced otherwise
dealt with in an approved manner. The extent and nature of any measure required as a result as
a defective works shall be determined by the Engineer and the Project/DOC and such cost shall
be born by the Contractor.

1.8. SAFEGUARDS TO PIPEWORK, CABLES, STRUCTURES, ETC.

It shall be the Contractor's responsibility to safeguard by means of temporary or permanent

supports or otherwise all pipes, cables, structures and other things which would be liable to
suffer damage if such precautionary measures were not taken. This applies to all such items,
existing and proposed, owned by the Employer or others.

1.9. PRECONSTRUCTION & COORDINATION MEETINGS

Prior to commencement of any construction activity, site processing authorization by the

employers shall be obtained. The Contractor shall set up a meeting with the Engineer and the
Project/DOCs and his supervisory staffs or subcontractors and discuss and agree on all
procedures sequence, safety measures, controlling and monitoring, testing and record keeping,
reporting, site meetings, etc. Coordination of activities that involve the participation of other
agencies shall be discussed to ensure that all participants are familiar with each other role
during the execution.

1.10. PROJECT & CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULES

1) The contractors are requested to submit contractor’s construction schedules together with other
required bid documents, inclusive of mobilization of equipment and labors, and other related
activities in addition to required works listed in the approved construction schedule in the bids.
The contractor’s construction schedule shall not be extended beyond the approved construction
schedules in the bids. The contractor’s construction schedule will form as part of bid
evaluation.
2) The contractor shall furnish monthly update of the schedule not later than the fifth day of the
following month. The schedule and the progress shall be subjected to review by the Engineer
and the Project/DOC with the Contractor. In the event of any delay the Engineer and the
Project/DOC may require the contractor to reschedule the works and assign additional
resources to avoid slippage of the completion. Where the delay was not due to any additional
work authorized or instruction issued by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, the Contractor
shall bear the cost of providing the additional resources.

1.11. NIGHT WORK-LABOR LAWS OF CAMBODIA

1) No work is to be planned to be carried out in the night unless such work cannot be
economically executed in the daytime in daylight. the Engineer and the Project/DOC may
grant permission to perform night work exceptional circumstances provided he is satisfied that
it is in the best interest of the project and it is necessary to do so to maintain the completion
schedule. The Contractor shall in all cases submit a request for permission with schedule and
details temporary lighting and additional security arrangements. The additional cost shall be
born by the Contractor unless the need for the night work arose from a specific instruction by
the Engineer and the Project/DOC imposing a new requirement.
3) Overtime, works during week-end and holidays shall comply to the regulations of Labor Laws
of Cambodia.

1.12. ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION

1) The Contractor shall comply to the Environment Laws of Cambodia in the execution of the
works, especially related to the disposals of waste material, chemicals, poisonous or
hazardous ones, as well as the burning of all debris.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

1.13. SITE MEASUREMENTS

1) Before any works are installed the Contractor shall take sufficient measurements of the
structures to ensure that works will fit as designed.
2) Actual dimensions taken on site shall take precedence over dimensions shown on the
Engineer and the Project/DOC's or Contractor's drawings. Where there is a conflict between
the dimensioned drawings and the as-built structures, the Contractor shall bring the
discrepancy to the Engineer and the Project/DOC's attention with all due haste.

2. MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT

2.1. MATERIAL

All materials used in the Works shall be of the new and best quality of their respective kinds a
and shall be obtained from sources and approved suppliers and to the approval of the Engineer
and the Project/DOC.

2.2. SAMPLE

Unless advised otherwise by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, the Contractor is required to
provide for the Engineer and the Project/DOC samples together with full technical details
(including manufacturers brochures where appropriate) of all materials and accessories. Such
samples and information are to be provided to the Engineer and the Project/DOC at least 15
days before the scheduled date of their use.

2.3. TEST

2.3.1. Test Requirement

The Contractor shall carry out at his cost all tests required under the various Sections of the
Specifications. The Contractor shall supply and maintain complete testing equipment, gauges,
instruments, etc. and shall provide all necessary materials, specialist and labor required for
carrying out the test. All tests shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements and
procedures of the referred and specified standards or as instructed by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC. All test results shall be submitted to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for
approval, except specified otherwise.

2.3.2. Inspection
1) the Engineer and the Project/DOC shall be entitled, at all reasonable times, access to the
Contractor's premises or elsewhere and he shall be afforded every facility for making
inspections and taking samples for testing and analysis.
2) Inspections will be (i) scheduled/regular and (ii) irregular inspections. For scheduled
inspection, the project/DOC/ the Engineer and the Project/DOC will notify 72hrs in advance in
writing to contractor for such inspection to take place on site by the project. For unscheduled
inspection, the contractor will be notified at the time of inspection and the Project/DOC/ the
Engineer and the Project/DOC shall be given access by the contractors to all premises on site,
inclusive of but not limit to laborers, works, materials storage, on-site camp and
documentation.

2.3.3. Test at the site

1) Notwithstanding any previous inspections and tests, all materials delivered to the Site shall be
subject to the examination or tests, if so directed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC or so
specified in the Contract. Should such test be desired by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, the
Contractor will be advised in sufficient time to permit such testing.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

2) All such examinations and tests shall be carried out by the Contractor at his own cost. They
shall be carried out either by the Contractor at his laboratory with his staff and equipment, or at
an external laboratory designated by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, in accordance with the
normal practice in respect of such examinations and tests is the same may be carried out by the
Contractor with his staff and equipment available at the Site.
3) Otherwise, the tests shall be made at an external laboratory designated by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC at cost of the Contractor.

3. EXECUTION

3.1. WORKMANSHIP

All workmanship shall be of the best first class quality appropriate to each category of work in
the light of internationally recognized standards of practice. During its progress, and upon
completion, the Works shall conform to the lines, elevations, and grades as shown in the
Drawings. The Contractor shall complete the works in every detail as specified.

3.2. MANUFACTURER'S INSTRUCTIONS

All works / installation / erection shall comply with the Manufacturer's Instructions.

4. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

4.1. MEASUREMENT

Prior to request for payment, the contractor shall measure works done during the requesting
period and submit to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for verification and approval. .

4.1.1. Unit of Measurements

All works shall be measured in accordance with the S.I. System of metric units.

4.1.2. Bill of Quantities

The quantities set out in the Bill of Quantities are estimated quantities and are used for
comparison of tender and awarding the Contract. It must be clearly understood that only the
actual quantities of work completed or materials supplied will be measured for payment, and
that the billed quantities may be increased or decreased. Payment will be made based by work
completed/materials supplied and bid price.

4.2. Measurement of completed work

1) All distance along the center line of the building as shown on the drawings are horizontal
distances and these distances' will be used in calculating the quantities for payment purposes.
All cross sections shall be taken in vertical plane.
2) All materials which are specified to be measured in the vehicle shall be hauled on vehicles of
such type and size that the actual contents may be readily and accurately determined. Unless all
vehicles are of uniform capacity, each vehicle shall bear a plainly legible identification mark
indicating its specific capacity.

4.3. PAYMENT

4.3.1. Contract rates

In computing the final contract amount, payment shall be based on actual quantities only of
authorized work done in accordance with the Specifications and Drawings. The tendered rates
shall apply, subject to the provisions of the Conditions of Contract, irrespective of whether the
actual quantities are more or less than the billed quantities.
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4.3.2. Price to be inclusive

1) The contractor shall accept the payment provided in the Contract and represented by the prices
tendered by her/him in the Bill of Quantities, as payment in full for executing and completing
the work as specified, for procuring and furnishing all materials, labor, supervision, plant, tools
and equipment, for wastage, transport, loading, off loading, handling, maintenance, temporary
work, testing, quality control including process control, overheads, profit, risk and other
obligations and for all other incidentals necessary for the completion of the works and
maintenance during the Construction Period and completing works as specified. The prices to
be inclusive in bid/contract are for (i) materials; (ii) labors, (iii) transportation and fuel; (iv)
construction equipment; (v) contract administration and work supervision including testing
quality control and reporting, (vi) overhead and profits; (vii) tax.
2) This Clause shall be applicable in full to all pay items except as these requirements may be
specifically amended in each case.
3) Meaning of certain phrases in payment clause
where any of the words "supply", "procure" (material) are used in the description of a pay
item it shall mean the supply and delivery to the point of use of all materials of any kind
required for the work covered by the particular pay items, including all tax, (unless otherwise
notified by the Superintendent) purchase costs, claims, damages, royalties and transport costs
involved excluding overhaul. In the case of laterite, stone and sand, it shall also include all
negotiations with owners concerned, royalties, excavating, producing, preparing, processing,
testing, hauling and delivering the material to the point of use; the construction, repair,
maintenance and making good after completion of all access roads, and all works required in
opening, using and finishing borrow pits to ensure that soil and water from these do not
interfere with the adjacent road or give rise to erosion more generally and in all respects do not
have un-aesthetic appearances, which is not covered by other pay items in the Bill of
Quantities.
4) Materials on Site
No payment for materials on site will be approved, if

- It is brought in by the contractor without approval by the Engineer and the Project/DOC
- It does not match the required specifications
Unless otherwise specified in the contract, the unused material onsite can be paid if the
Engineer and the Project/DOC have abruptly cancelled the approved works after the material
was brought in.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

SECTION 1: GENERAL WORKS

1. GENERAL

1.1. SCOPE OF WORKS

The Works covered by this section are:

- Mobilization and Demobilization

- Contractor's Temporary Site Installation
- Temporary Fence surrounding the site works
- Others

1.2. SUBSURFACE CONDITION/ADDITIONAL SOIL INVESTIGATION

1) Boring and SPT Tests

A soil investigation was carried out during designed phase. The soil testing result presented in
the tender documents are used to the calculation of foundation work.
2) Static Load Test
In addition, the Contractor is as responsible to do the Static Load Tests at 3 selected locations
on the boring piles indicated by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, up to 12-15m deep each
with a pressure of respective required loads in according to engineering designed. Test shall
be as to ASTM D1143.

1.3. SAFETY OF THE PUBLIC

1) The Contractor shall provide, erect and maintain, and remove on completion of the Works all
necessary barricades, red lights, danger signals, and signs, and take all necessary precautions
for the protection of the Works and safety of the public.
2) Roads closed to traffic shall be protected by effective barricades on which shall be placed
acceptable warning and detour signs. All barricades and obstructions shall be illuminated at
night and all lights shall be kept from sunset until sunrise.
3) The costs of all works required by this paragraph shall be included in the prices bid in the Bill
of Quantities.

1.4. CONTRACTOR'S RESPONSIBILITIES

1) Install Operate and maintain these installations in proper manner.

2) Remove them after the work completed.
3) All those installations belong to the contractor.

2. MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT
Additional Soil Investigation: As to the Soil Laboratory Standards

3. EXECUTION
Additional Soil Investigation: As to the Soil Laboratory Standards

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

4. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

4.1. MEASUREMENT

The measurement shall consist on the verification if all the works were done accordingly to
the state-of-the-art; comply with the Specifications and drawings.

4.2. PAYMENT

The payment shall be made at the unit rates as well as the lump sum costs indicated in the Bill
of Quantity.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

SECTION 2: DEMOLITION, REMOVAL AND DISPOSAL

1. GENERAL

1.1. SCOPE OF WORKS

Being not limitative, the works shall comprise:

- Where demolition and disposal of the existing buildings are required, construction documents,
demolition plan, disposal plan, and a schedule for demolition must be submitted by the
contractor and shall be approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

2. MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT
The works can be made by machinery or/and by hands.

3. EXECUTION

3.1. SUBMITTALS

1) The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for his approval, the
procedure of demolition works, together with detailed shop drawing and calculation as may
required by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, before execution of the related works.
2) Prior to the commencement of the demolition work, the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer
and the Project/DOC a list in which all the materials to be salvaged and overhauled as the
property of the Employer and location of their storage and/or works for reuse shall be
described.

3.2. EXECUTION

Use appropriate means including shoring, protective screen, and sheeting to protect property
and services which are to remain on or adjacent to the site.

3.3. DEMOLITION AT THE SITE

All loose rubbish, debris, used wire ropes, unsuitable materials including vegetation and roots,
rocks, wooden materials, wrecks, submerged structures, existing facilities not to be used and
the like which may affect such subsequent works as pilling, pavement and whatsoever shall
also be demolished.

3.4. STORAGE AND DUMPING

1) Place of storage shall be within the construction Site. The Contractor shall separate materials to
be salvaged from debris. Salvaged materials shall be loaded, transported and unloaded by the
Contractor at location agreed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
2) Debris, that it is not containing any pollutant in the opinion of the Engineer and the
Project/DOC, may be dumped at the specified location. Dumped debris should be covered with
sand or dredged material as directed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
3) The Contractor may dump debris on land area but out of the Project Site, which area shall be
approved by local authorities and prepared at his own expense. In this case, safety measures
shall be undertaken in the transport, unloading, covering and other incidental works as
requested by the Engineer and the Project/DOC and / or local authorities.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

4. MEASUREMENT & PAYMENT

4.1. MEASUREMENT

The measurement of works shall consist of the verification that the works have been really
done as to Specification.

4.2. PAYMENT

Payment for such demolition removal and relocation shall be made at the lump sum cost
shown in the Bill of Quantities.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

SECTION 3: EARTH WORKS

1. GENERAL

1.1. SCOPE OF WORKS

1) This work shall consist of excavation, stripping and filling for the foundations of all structures
and platform, construction/removing of cofferdams and sheeting, pumping, dewatering,
disposal of excavated material.
2) Fences and gate, tanks, manholes, catch basins, trenches and underground electrical conduits to
the lines, grades and details shall be excavated and backfilled in accordance with this section
and measurement and payment shall be in accordance with the related sections.

1.2. BACKFILL AND FILL

1) No backfilling or filling shall be done without the approval of the Engineer and the
Project/DOC. The Engineer and the Project/DOC may require the removal of any backfill or
fill placed without his authorization. This may be for reasons of checking compacted work,
type of material used or the degree of compaction.
2) During the filling operation all roots, debris and organic matter shall be removed from fill areas
and the Contractor shall assign a sufficient number of men to this work to ensure satisfactory
compliance with these requirements.

1.3. PROTECTION OF EXISTING WORKS

Special care shall be taken to protect the existing building(s), facilities (cable, water supply
line...) and other works. Any excavation cannot be done prior the authorization from the
Engineer and the Project/DOC.

1.4. CROSS SECTION

The Contractor shall notify the Engineer and the Project/DOC sufficiently in advance of the
beginning of any excavation so that cross section, elevation and measurement may be taken of
the undisturbed ground. The natural ground adjacent to the structure shall not be disturbed
without permission of the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

1.5. DISPOSAL OF EXCAVATED MATERIAL

Suitable materials, unsuitable materials and disposal of unsuitable materials shall be approved
by the Engineer and the Project/DOC. All excavated material so far as suitable, shall be utilize
as backfill. The surplus material, whether or not temporarily allowed to be reused shall be
disposal at an authorized area indicated by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

1.6. DEWATERING

1) The excavated trench shall be dried up. The Contractor shall install an appropriate dewatering
system.
2) The water shall be drained in the city sewers, or others as indicated by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC.

1.7. STRIPPING

Prior to any construction, surface soil shall be stripped in a depth of 0.30m. The stripped
materials shall be disposed at area indicated by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

1.8. PLATFORM

The platform for the construction of the new building and appurtenant works shall consist of
the filling of the natural ground after stripping as indicated on the drawing.

2. MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT

2.1. EXCAVATION/STRIPPING

The works can be carried out by machinery or/and by hand.

2.2. FILL

2.2.1. Material No.1

Material No.1 shall be material normally removed, from excavations including clay or sand
fill. The material shall consist of mineral soil substantially free from organic materials,
topsoil, wood and trash, and other objectionable material which cannot be compacted
properly.

2.2.2. Material No.2

Material No.2 is defined as sand or silt soil not containing organic matter or other deleterious
substances, and not containing more than 25% passing the 200 mesh sieve (0.074 mm) or
stones larger than 15 mm in largest dimension. In granular material No.2, the silt content shall
be minimized.

2.2.3. Material No. 3

Material for foundation fill shall consist of suitably graded sand, gravel or stone as shown on
the drawings or required by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

2.2.4. Backfill Materials

Backfill shall be of approved compatible material. It shall be obtained from the excavation if
such material is approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC as suitable.

2.2.5. Fill Under Concrete Slabs

1) For concrete slabs not supported on piles a minimum of 0.30m of structural fill shall be placed
as required below the slab. Fill material shall be No. 2 or No. 3.
2) For concrete slabs supported on piles Material No. 1 shall be placed to within 5cm of the
underside of the slab. A 5cm leveling course of granular material No. 2 shall be placed
immediately beneath the slab.

3. EXECUTION

3.1. FILL

1) Fill shall be placed in layers measuring not more than 0.15 m in thickness prior to compaction.
Each layer shall be compacted to a minimum dry density of 95% of Modified Proctor. Each
test shall be made for every 100m² of fill.
2) No backfill shall be placed against walls until they and their supporting slabs, if applicable,
have attained sufficient strength.

3.2. COMPACTION EQUIPMENT

1) The Contractor shall provide compaction equipment suited for compaction of the various
materials specified. In all cases, the compaction equipment and the method of compaction shall
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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

be subject to the Engineer and the Project/DOC's approval. Not any manual compaction is
allowed.
2) Compacting against foundation walls, footings, and piers, in trenches, and in other confined
areas, shall be accomplished by manually operated mechanical tampers.

3.3. EXCAVATION TRENCH

Bottom of the excavation trench shall be compacted at a minimum dry density of 90% M.P.
by taking one test sample per 10m².

4. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

4.1. MEASUREMENT

Measurement of excavation, stripping and filling works shall be made as to the elevation
shown on the drawings and to Specifications.

4.2. PAYMENT

Payment shall be made as to the unit rate per cubic meter of works done as shown in the Bill
of Quantity.
The cost shall include grabbing, materials, equipment, labor, compaction and disposals,
testing and all others related works.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

SECTION 4: CAST-IN PLACE CONCRETE PILE (BORED PILE)

1. GENERAL

1.1. WORKS IN ACCORDANCE WITH SPECIFICATIONS

1) Piling shall conform in all respects with the principles contained in BS 8004.
2) Unless otherwise stated, concrete, reinforcement and formwork shall be in accordance with the
requirements in Specification on Concrete for Structures.
3) In the event that the provisions of other specification clauses cause ambiguity or conflict with
the requirement of these Specification clauses, the latter shall take precedence unless otherwise
approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

1.2. SETTING OUT

1) The Contractor shall be required to employ an approved Licensed Surveyor who will set up the
positions of the piles as shown in the pile layout plans of the detailed design. The Contractor
will be responsible for the accuracy of location and positioning of each pile. Any errors in
setting out and any consequential loss to the employer will be made good by the Contractor to
the satisfaction of the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
2) The Contractor shall preserve the pegs set by the Surveyor. Should any peg be displaced or lost
it must be replaced by a Licensed Surveyor to the approval of the Engineer and the
Project/DOC. Upon completion of all pilling works, the contractor shall produce as-built
Drawings showing the positions of all piles installed. The positions of piles shall be verified by
a Licensed Surveyor.

1.3. TOLERANCES

1.3.1. Position
The pile heads shall be positioned as shown on the Drawings within a maximum deviation of
75mm in either direction from its design position.

1.3.2. Verticality
For bored cast-in-situ piles, the maximum permitted deviation of the finished pile from the
vertical at any level is 1 in 150. The contractor shall demonstrate to the satisfaction of
Engineer the pile verticality is within the allowable tolerance.

1.3.3. Correction
Should piles be installed outside these tolerances affecting the design of the structure, the
Contractor shall propose remedial design and carry out immediate remedial measure to the
approval of the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

1.4. PERSON IN CHARGE

The piling work is to be carried out by full time operators and supervisory staff who must be
experienced in the installation of the proposed type of piles.
The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for approval, written
evidence to show that the persons who will be engaged in the works have had such
experience.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

1.5. PILING EQUIPMENT AND ACCESSORIES

1) The equipment and accessories must be capable of safely, speedily and efficiently installing
piles to the design requirements at the project site.
2) Sufficient units of equipment and accessories must be provided to keep to the agreed
construction schedule.

1.6. SEQUENCE OF INSTALLATION OF WORKING PILES

The Engineer and the Project/DOC reserves the absolute right and the Contractor shall
recognize such right to direct
the installation of working piles in any sequence the Engineer and the Project/DOC deems
necessary for the satisfactory completion of the works.

1.7. FORCIBLE CORRECTION NOT PERMITTED

Where piles have not been positioned within the specified limits no method of forcible
correction will be permitted.
Any piling work rejected by the Engineer and the Project/DOC not truly constructed and
installed in accordance with this Specification shall be replaced or rectified by the Contractor
to the approval of the Engineer and the Project/DOC and this includes reinstallation of piles,
the design and construction of a modified foundation and also constructing of additional
compensation piles. The contract shall bear the cost of this replacements or rectification,
reinstallation, construction of foundation works and additional compensation piles.

1.8. RECORDS

A record of all piles installed shall be kept by the Contractor and a copy of the record of the
work done each day shall be given to the Engineer and the Project/DOC within 24 hours. The
form of record shall first be approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC before piling
works commence. Any comment by the Engineer and the Project/DOC shall be incorporated
into the record form.
All unexpected boring or installation condition shall be noted in the records.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

2. BORED CAST IN PLACE PILES

2.1. GENERAL

1) The Contractor shall carry out the works in accordance with a method statement which has
been approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC. This method statement shall include,
inter alia, length of temporary casing, details of the constituent materials of any drilling fluid
used for stabilization, the method of inspection, details of the concrete design mix, concreting
method, the minimum time between the completion of one pile and the commencement of the
next, and the pattern of construction.
2) Unless otherwise described in the Specifications, reinforcement and concrete shall comply with
the requirements in Specification on Concrete for Structures. The Contractor shall ensure that
damage does not occur to completed piles through his method of working. The Contractor shall
submit to the Engineer and the Project/DOC a pile installation program. The proposed
sequence and timing of pile installation shall be such that the installation works shall not cause
any damage to adjacent piles. Piling works shall not commence until approval of the Engineer
and the Project/DOC has been obtained. No bored pile excavation shall commence within 12m
of any concreted pile which has not been cured for 24 hours.

2.2. TOLERANCES

Tolerances shall be in accordance with the requirements in Clause 1.3 herein.

2.3. CONCRETE

2.3.1. Trial Mix

The Contractor shall arrange to have a trial mix in the presence of the Engineer and the
Project/DOC prior to the commencement of field work. The trial mix shall be carried out in
accordance to the design mix submitted to the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

2.3.2. Concrete for Piles

1) Unless otherwise stated, concrete used shall comply with Specification on Concrete for
Structures and as approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC. The grade of concrete shall
be 35 MPa (characteristic strength of 35 MPa cylinder at 28 days) with minimum cement
content of 400kg per cubic meter of concrete, otherwise as specified in the drawing. Concrete
admixture shall only be used with the permission of the Engineer and the Project/DOC and
shall be used strictly in accordance with Specification on Concrete for Structures.
2) The Engineer and the Project/DOC may permit the use of ready mixed concrete provided
complete details of the mix proportions and workability have been submitted to him for prior
approval. Such permission shall only be given for as long as the Engineer and the Project/DOC
is satisfied that the concrete complies with Specification on Concrete for Structure. The
Contractor shall ensure that the Engineer and the Project/DOC shall have access to the
supplier's mixing pant at all times for inspection and checks on quality of concrete supplied.
Each load shall be accompanied by a delivery note stamped with the time of mixing and stating
the consignee and qualities each material in the mix including water and additives.

2.3.3. Concrete Testing

1) Close control of the mixing of the concrete shall be exercised and cube strength tests shall be
carried out in accordance with Specification. Unless the Engineer and the Project/DOC
otherwise directs, a set of at least three 150mm cubes shall be taken for every 10 cubic meters
or every group of 10 batches of concrete used for the piling works. For the latter, the samples
shall be taken from one single batch randomly selected from the group of batches. One cube of
each set shall be tested at seven days and the remaining two at 28 days after casting. The test
cubes shall be made from a representative batch of concrete as that used for the piling works

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

and each cube shall be properly marked and identified with details relating the specimen to the
borehole in which the concrete is used.
2) Test shall be carried out by approved lab. Test results shall be submitted to the Engineer and
the Project/DOC within 48 hours after testing.
3) The Contractor shall not carry out the specified cube strength tests without prior notice to the
Engineer and the Project/DOC. The tests must be witness by the Engineer and the Project/DOC
or his representative. The contractor shall provide sufficient quantity of all necessary
equipment at site to carry out these tests.

2.3.4. Workability
1) Slump test shall be undertaken for every truck load of concrete. Slump measured at the time of
discharge into pile shaft or at the time of discharge into the concrete pump hopper shall be in
accordance with the standards shown below unless otherwise approved. A concrete pump shall
be used to place tremie concrete directly into the pile shaft.
Table 1: Workability of Concrete

Class of Workability Slump (mm) Typical Conditions of Use

A 10025 Where concrete is to be placed in

water-free shaft.

B 17525 Where concrete is to be placed by

tremie method under drilling fluid.

2) The concrete for piles shall be as specified in the design requirement with suitably enriched
cement content to permit a high slump mix. Alternatively, the Contractor may incorporate an
approved set retarding additive into the mix to ensure extended workability of the concrete
after placement. It is held that the Contractor has included these provisions in the unit rate for
the pile.

2.3.5. Failure of Concrete Cube Tests

If the concrete cubes as tested failed to satisfy the criteria as prescribed in Specification, the
Contractor shall undertake all necessary additional and consequential remedial/compensatory
Work to the approval of the Engineer and the Project/DOC. The piles shall be rejected as in
Clause 1.7 "Rejected Piles".

2.4. PILE EXCAVATION

2.4.1. Pile size and length

Ø800 x 12000mm, Ø1000 x 12000mm and Ø1200 x 12000mm (see detail drawings)

2.4.2. Boring near recently Cast Piles

Piles shall be bored next to other piles which recently been cast less than 24 hours or contain
unset concrete, whichever longer to avoid damage to any of these piles.

2.4.3. Stability of Boreholes

1) It is held that the Contractor has allowed in the unit rate of the pile for the implementation of
all necessary measures, including the provision of all materials, labor and plant, for
maintaining the stability of the sides of boreholes during bored pile installation and successful
completion of the piles. The Contractor shall submit his proposed methods for agreement prior
to commencement of boring operations.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

2) Irrespective of the presence of ground water, the sides of all boreholes shall be kept intact and
no loose material shall be permitted to fall into the bottom of the boreholes. The Contractor's
boring equipment shall be able to sink a steel casing to support the sides of all boring.
3) If the sides of boreholes are found to be not stable, temporary steel casing shall be driven into
stable stratum. The borehole shall be filled with drilling fluid to a level sufficiently to stabilize
the boreholes.
4) If ground water is found in any hole in sufficient quantity or gushing out as to affect boring
operations or excavations and removal of soil from the boreholes, or the sides of boreholes
collapse, then a steel casing of appropriate size and length in conjunction with stabilizing fluid
or other alternatives of sufficient strength shall be used to support the sides of the borehole and
permit boring operations to proceed smoothly and safely. The proposed drilling fluid mix must
be submitted to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for approval.
5) Excavations shall not be exposed to the atmosphere longer than is necessary and shall be
covered at all times when work is not in progress. Pile excavated shall be cast within 24 hours
unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
6) In the event of a rapid loss of drilling fluid from the borehole excavation and caused instability
of bore, the excavation shall be backfilled without delay or other appropriate and approved
remedial measures taken by the Contractor like installing temporary casing prior to resuming
boring at that location.

2.4.4. Stability of bore by temporary casing method

1) Where the use of a temporary casing is required to maintain the stability of a bore, the bottom
of casing shall be kept a minimum of one (1) meter or more below the unstable strata to
prevent the inflow of soil and the formation of cavities in the surrounding ground.
2) Temporary casings shall be thin walled mild steel cylindrical casing, spirally welded or other
similar construction. The dimensions and quality of the casing shall be adequate to withstand
without damage or distortion all handling, construction and ground stresses to which they will
be subjected including preventing concrete from within the pile from displacing soft soil or soil
squeezing in and displacing fresh concrete. The casings shall have an internal diameter not less
than the specified pile diameter. They shall be free of significant distortion, of uniform cross-
section throughout each continuous length and free from internal projections and encrusted
concrete which might prevent the proper formation of piles. The joints of casings shall be
reasonably watertight.
3) If temporary casings are damaged during installation in a manner which prevents the proper
formation of the pile, such casings shall be withdrawn from the bore before concretes is placed,
repaired, if necessary or other action taken as may be approved to continue the construction of
the pile.

2.4.5. Rock Coring

1) Rock coring shall means coring sound bedrock using a coring bucket or approved method. The
used of chisel shall not be permitted. Coring of rock other than two items specified below shall
not be considered as coring in rock, and will only be considered as boring in soil.
i. Rock socket length
ii. Cavity roof (in limestone formation)
2) Coring of inclined rock surface, limestone pinnacles, cavities and soil below boulder/floater
shall be considered as boring in soils.
3) Socket length shall be measured from the flattened horizontal bedrock surface. This flat
horizontal surface shall be probed using kelly bar or steel bar at a minimum of five positions
over the borehole to confirm sound bedrock for socketing.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

2.4.6. Spillage and Disposal

All reasonable steps shall be taken to prevent the spillage of drilling fluid on the site in areas
outside the immediate vicinity of boring. Discarded drilling fluid shall be removed from the
site without delay. In disposal of unwanted drilling fluid, the Contractor shall comply with
relevant government regulations and shall propose a proper disposal method to be approved
by the Engineer and the Project/DOC. For detail of requirements see Environmental and
Social Impact Assessment Report for Higher Education Improvement Project (HEIP): Section
7.9.5: Waste Handing, Management and Disposal.

2.4.7. Inspection of Pile Excavation

1) Where practicable, all pile excavations shall be inspected for their full length before
concreting. The Contractor shall provide all the apparatus necessary for the inspection.
2) Inspection shall be carried out either from the ground level or below ground level at the sole
discretion of the Engineer and the Project/DOC prior to concrete being placed in the borehole.
For such inspection to be carried out safely, the Contractor shall provide all facilities and
assistance to enable the said inspection to be done, In the course of inspection any loose or soft
material in the borehole which is likely to affect the performance of the pile shall be removed
to the satisfaction of the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
3) In the case of inspection from ground level, the base of the boring shall be inspected by
approved method for wet hole and by means of a light for dry hole to ensure that all loose,
disturbed and/or remolded soil is removed and that the sides of the boring will remain stable
during the subsequent concreting operations. The verticality and position of the boring shall be
checked to ensure that they meet the specified tolerances.
4) Inspection below ground level shall be carried out for piles with shafts of 760mm (2'6")
diameter and above. For this purpose, the Contractor shall, apart from providing other safety
measures, also provide the required facilities such as an approved type of a steel safety cage
with an air-line, lifting cable and hoist, gas detector, lights, etc. to enable descent into and
ascent from the borehole to be carried out safely without any danger to life. In this regard the
safety precautions described in BS8008:1996 "Safety Precautions and Procedures for the
Construction and Descent of Machine-Bored Shafts for Piling and Other Purposes'' shall
generally be followed, unless otherwise directed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

2.4.8. Pumping from Bored Hole

1) Pumping from boreholes may be carried out from time to time on a number of piles designated
by the Engineer and the Project/DOC to verify the suitability of dry hole construction, or to
investigate and rectify a cold joint in pile shaft where concreting has been interrupted.
2) No pumping from a borehole shall be permitted unless a casing has been placed into the stable
stratum which prevents further Ingress of water of significant quantity from other strata into the
borehole, or unless it can be shown that pumping will not have a detrimental effect on the
surrounding doil or hamper the piling operation in any way.

2.4.9. Cleaning Out

Upon completion of boring the excavation shall be cleaned of all loose, disturbed and or
remolded soil and sediment soil to expose a firm base of undisturbed material using a suitable
and effective method to be approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

2.4.10. Continuity of Construction

A pile constructed in a stable soil without the use of temporary casing or other support shall
be bored and concreted without prolonged delay to ensure that the soil characteristics are not
significantly altered.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

2.4.11. Surface Water

All boreholes shall be protected from the possibility of any surface water entering the hole
from time to time and until the hole is completed and ready to be concreted.

2.4.12. Excavation Materials

Surplus earth resulting from piling operations shall be used where required or removed from
site as directed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

2.5. PLACEMENT OF REINFORCEMENT

1) Reinforcement shall be free from rust and mud and not be placed until inspected and accepted.
2) Reinforcement cages shall be sufficiently rigid to ensure that they remain at their correct level
during the lifting and placing of the concrete and the extraction of temporary lining tubes.
3) Reinforcement shall be maintained in its correct position during concreting of the pile. The
minimum cover to all reinforcement shall not be less than 75mm unless stated otherwise.
4) Concrete spacer shall be provided at every 3m interval, size and minimum yield strength of
reinforcement shall be as specified in the Drawing. Details by which the Contractor plans to
ensure the correct cover to and position of the reinforcement shall be approved by the Engineer
and the Project/DOC.
5) The main longitudinal reinforcing bars in piles not exceeding 12 meters in length shall be in
one continuous length unless otherwise specified. In piles longer than 12 meters and required
to be reinforced throughout their full lengths when specified, joints with staggered laps of
alternate bars will be permitted in main longitudinal bars at 12- meter nominal intervals unless
otherwise specified in the Drawings. Joint in reinforcement shall comply with the specific
requirements of BS8110 clause 3.12.8.
6) The Contractor shall submit for approval a method statement on the manner by which he
intends to lower reinforcement cages into pile shafts. Where tack welding is carried out on pile
reinforcement for the purpose of hoisting, such welding shall be located only within the top
100mm of each reinforcement cage. Where the top of a reinforcement cage being lowered is to
be lapped to the next cage, as in the case of tension piles exceeding 12 meters in length, the
Contractor shall provide adequate sacrificial steel to compensate any lapped reinforcement
which has been tack welded, where such tack welding is the requirement of the Contractor for
his hoisting operation. Sacrificial steel shall be of the same grade and size as that of the
compensated bar.
7) If required by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, reinforcement cages shall be flushed with
fresh water to remove accumulated salts or other deposits immediately prior to lowering into
the pile shaft.

2.6. CONCRETING IN WET HOLE

1) Immediately after the boring for the pile has been completed, approval to commence
concreting shall be sought and, when this has been obtained, concreting shall start forthwith
and continue without interruption. All concrete for cast-in-place piles shall be compacted to
produce a dense homogeneous mass by a method agreed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
2) Concrete to be placed under drilling fluid shall place using a tremie concrete pipe in
accordance with BS 8004, Clauses 7.4.5.4.2 and 8.2.2.3.4. Where discrepancies arise, the
provisions of this specification shall take precedence.
3) Alternative methods of placing concrete such as the use of a drop bottom bucket or hose from a
concrete pump will not be accepted by the Engineer and the Project/DOC. At no stage concrete
be permitted to discharge freely into drilling fluid.
4) Before placing concrete, agreed measures shall be taken by the Contractor to ensure that there
is no accumulation of contaminated drilling fluid, silt or other deleterious material at the base

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

of the bore. Contaminated drilling fluid could impair the free flow of concrete from the tremie
pipe and affecting the performance of the pile.
5) A sample of the drilling fluid shall be taken from the base of bore using an accepted sampling
device. If the drilling fluid does not comply with the specification, concrete placement shall not
proceed and the Contractor shall modify or replace the drilling fluid to meet the requirements
of this specification.
6) The tremie concrete pipe shall consist of a series of metal pipes with internal diameter not less
than 250mm. The receiving hopper shall have a capacity at least equal to that of the pipe it
feeds. At all times, a sufficient quantity of concrete shall be maintained within the pipe to
ensure that the pressure from concrete exceeds that from the water or drilling fluid.
7) The hopper and pipe of the tremie shall be clean and watertight throughout. The pipe shall
extend to the base of the bore and a sliding plug or barrier placed at the discharge outlet of the
pipe to prevent direct contact between the first charge of concrete in the tremie pipe and
drilling fluid. If the plug or barrier is sacrificial, it shall not be retained in the mass of the
concrete.
8) The tremie pipe outlet shall be kept at least 1.5 meters below the surface of the concrete at all
stages in the pour. The Contractor shall develop a system of level checks for the concrete and
pipe outlet to ensure that this requirement is met. The tremie pipe shall be withdrawn upward
gently behind the concrete level, and shall not be subject to any shock or violent movement
either in dislodging the concrete within the pipe or for any other reason.
9) Concrete placement shall be halted should a delay or breakdown occur during the concreting
operation which in the opinion of the Engineer and the Project/DOC, could cause a cold joint,
entrapment of latency in the tremie concrete, or otherwise lead to defective concrete. Before
the remainder of the pile shaft can be concreted, the pile shall be dewatered and the top surface
of the tremie concrete cut back to sound concrete and cleaned of all laitance and weak
concrete. The remainder of the pile shall ether be cast by tremie or in the dry, as directed by the
Engineer and the Project/DOC. If this remedial work cannot be carried pout due to construction
difficulty, the Contractor will need to construct a replacement pile.
10) The concrete for each pile shall be from the same source. The Contractor is to ensure that the
supply from whatever source (whether site-mixed or ready mixed) is of sufficient quantity so
that concrete for each pile shall be placed without such interruption.
11) All holes bored shall be concreted within the same day. In the event of rain, the Contractor is to
provide adequate shelter to keep the hole dry and to concrete under cover.
12) The method of placing and workability of concrete shall be such that a continuous monolithic
concrete shaft of the full cross-section is formed. The method of placing shall be approved by
the Engineer and the Project/DOC. The Contractor shall take all precautions in the design of
the mix and the placement of concrete to avoid arching of the concrete in the pile shaft. No
spoil, liquid or other deleterious matter shall be allowed to contaminate the concrete.
13) Temporary casings shall be extracted while the concrete within remains sufficiently workable
to ensure that the concrete is not lifted and that the resultant pile is continuous and of full
section. Temporary casings shall be extracted in not more than 2 hours after concreting has
completed.
14) When casings and linings are withdrawn as concreting proceeds, a sufficient head of concrete
shall be maintained to prevent the entry of ground water which may cause reduction of cross-
section of the pile. No concrete shall be placed after the bottom of the casing or lining has been
lifted above the top of the concrete. Concrete shall be placed continuously as the casing is
extracted until the desire head of concrete is obtained.
15) Adequate precautions shall be taken in all cases where the withdrawal of casing could result in
excess heads of water or drilling fluid. Excess pressure heads are caused by the displacement of
water or fluid by concrete as the concrete flows into its final position against the wall of the
shaft. Precautions such as the use of two or more discontinuous lengths of casing (double
casing) shall be deemed an acceptable method of construction in this case.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

16) In the event of the ground water level being higher than the required pile head cut-off level
shown in the contract drawings, the Contractor shall submit his proposals for agreement prior
to placing concrete. The pile head shall not be let below the ground water level unless adequate
and agreed precautions are taken.
17) The top of the pile shall be brought above the required cut-off level by an amount sufficient to
ensure a sound concrete at cut-off level and the surplus removed to ensure satisfactory bonding
of the pile head to the structure.
18) The actual volume of concrete used for each pile must be measured with the calculated volume
required. If the difference between these two volumes indicates a possible necking, the
Contractor shall propose and carry out appropriate tests and measures to the approval of the
Engineer and the Project/DOC to ensure the adequacy of the pile,
19) Backfilling of Empty Bore - On completion of concreting, the remaining empty bore shall be
backfilled with sand or lean concrete unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC.
20) Any consequences causing the pile rejected by the Engineer and the Project/DOC due to
supply of concrete shall be on contractors own risk.

2.7. STRIPPING PILE HEADS AND BONDING

The piles shall be constructed to a sufficient height above the required cut-off levels
('overcast') to ensure that all concrete at and below cut-off level is homogeneous and free of
laitance and deleterious matter. The Contractor shall be required to provide adequate
reinforcement with sufficient length to project above cut-off levels so that the reinforcement
can be properly bonded in the capping beam. After completion of piling, the Contractor shall
excavate and cut back the pile as necessary to verify the cut-off levels and to give accurate
details of the pile positions as compared with the positions indicated on the pile layout plans
of the detailed design. Defective concrete in pile heads shall be cut away and made good with
new concrete well bonded to the pile head. If the pile is undercast, it shall be built-up with
new concrete and permanent casing.

2.8. DRILLING FLUID AND SOIL TESTS

1) Minimum frequencies of testing are as follows:

- Fresh drilling fluid

- Dulling fluid taken from the bottom of the pile before concreting
- Recycle fluid taken from de-sanding machine
- Drilling fluid left in the bored hole for more than 12 hours
2) The frequency of testing drilling fluid and the method and procedure of sampling shall be
proposed by the Contractor and agreed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC before the
commencement of the work. The frequency may subsequently be varied with the approval of
the Engineer and the Project/DOC. Control tests for density shall be carried out daily on the
drilling fluid using suitable apparatus. The measuring device shall be calibrated to read within
0.01 g/ml. The results shall be within the ranges stated in Table 2.
3) All reasonable steps shall be taken to prevent the spillage of drilling fluid on the site. Discarded
drilling fluid shall be removed from the site without delay and such removal shall comply with
the regulations of the relevant Authorities.
If sand content more than 5%, Contractor shall carry out de-sanding to screen out sand from
drilling fluid before concreting.

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TABLE 2: TESTS FOR BENTONITE DRILLING FLUIDS

Property to be measured Compliance values Test

measured at 20°C Method/Apparatus

Density Less than 1.10g/ml Mud Density Balance

Fluid Loss Less than 40ml 30 minutes test

Viscosity 30-90 seconds or less than Marsh Cone method Fann

20cP Viscometer

Shear Strength (10 minutes 1.4-10N/m² or 4-40N/m² Shearometer Fann

get strength) Viscometer

Sand Content Less than 5% Screen

pH 9.5-12 pH indicator paper Strips or

electrical pH meter

Note: Where the Fann Viscometer is used, the fluid sample should be screened by 300µm
sieve before testing.
Tests for drilling fluid other than bentonite have to be approved before use.

2.9. DRY HOLE CONSTRUCTION (IF DIRECTED-BY THE ENGINEER AND THE
PROJECT/DOC ONLY)

1) For the purpose of the tender, the borehole for pile construction shall be assumed to be wet
holes, where the tremie method for concreting shall be adopted.
2) However, during pile installation as directed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, the
Contractor shall be required determine for a number of designed piles whether dry hole
construction could be implemented. The accepted method for dry hole verification shall be to
pump out all water in the hole, and observed the rate of water intrusion and to be decided by
the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
3) Whenever practicable, concrete for bored piles may be placed into a clean, dry hole. All dry
holes shall be inspected and approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC prior to placing of
concrete. All facilities, labor and material required for the inspection shall be provided by the
Contractor.
4) Agreed measures shall be taken to avoid segregation and bleeding, and that the concrete at the
bottom of the pile is not deficient in grout. The concrete shall be placed by tremie. The free fall
of the concrete from the bottom of the tube shall not exceed 1.5 times the diameter of the pile.
The concrete shall be placed as quickly as possible where the ground is liable to deteriorate on
exposure.

2.10. PILE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

The target termination depth, required socket length, concrete strength and the required
working pile capacities are as shown in the drawings. The actual termination depths and
socket lengths shall be agreed with the Engineer and the Project/DOC based on review of the
conditions encountered during boring and prior to commencement of concreting. Piles shall
meet tolerance requirements as specified in Clause 1.3 and satisfying integrity tests as
specified in Clause 3.0.

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2.11. CASTING LEVEL

Concrete shall be finished not less than 300mm above the cut-off level (`overcast') to ensure
that all concrete at and below cut-off level is homogeneous and free of laitance and
deleterious matter. A thicker overcast may be required by the Engineer and the Project/DOC
depending on site condition, and this shall be carried out. The overcast shall be chipped off to
cut-off level later by the Contractor.

2.12. DEFECTIVE CONCRETE

Defective concrete in the pile heads shall be cut away and made good with new concrete well
bonded into the old concrete.

2.13. PILING RECORDS

Submission of the record shall be in accordance with Clause 1.8 herein.

The record shall contain all information required by the Engineer and the Project/DOC
including the following:

- Name of Supervisor
- Pile forming equipment including Rig No.
- Length, diameter and reference number of borehole
- Existing ground level
- Cut-off level, rock level, pile toe level
- Length of pile
- Log of material encountered and level of change in strata and where boring stops
- Speed of boring through soil or rock shall be recorded for every meter of drilling
- Depth bored and details of inclination or displacement of the pile during boring and date of
inspection
- Length of reinforcement cage, reinforcement details
- Water level below ground level
- Levels where seepage occurs
- Results of tests on soils
- Results of tests on concrete cubes (slump test)
- Length of temporary casing if used
- Date and actual volume of concrete placed in piles, time start and complete
- Concrete level after each truck of concrete
- Details of all inspections
- Details of all obstructions, delays and other interruption
- Signature of the Resident Engineer or his representative
- Weather condition
- Method of casting (wet/dry tremie)
- Date and time boring start and complete and speed of drilling
- Type of stabilizing fluid

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

- Collapse of bore or loss of drilling fluid

- Cavities or slump zones encountered

2.14. TREATMENT OF CAVITIES AND SLUMP ZONES

The specification for treatment of cavities and slump zones should be followed unless
otherwise instructed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

3. INTEGRITY TESTING OF PILES

3.1. GENERAL

1) Piles shall be selected by the Engineer and the Project/DOC for testing and detection of major
faults, necking, discontinuities, and cross sectional areas of the piles. Integrity testing of piles
shall be carried out by an independent testing organization approved by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC.
2) If the results of the tests show that the pile or piles are defective, the pile or piles shall be
treated as faulty and shall be rejected unless the Contractor can demonstrate to the approval of
the Engineer and the Project/DOC effective remedial measures that will be carried out.
3) The results of tests shall be printed out immediately during tests with printer facility at site and
submit to Engineer at site. The Engineer and the Project/DOC's interpretations and conclusions
arrived at on the test results shall be final.
Working piles shall be subjected to shock method and sonic logging tests.

3.2. SHOCK METHOD

3.2.1. Preparation of the Pile Head

1) The pile head shall be clearly exposed, free from debris, etc. and not more than 1.0 meter
above or below ground level, otherwise the surrounding soil shall be built up or excavated to
meet this condition. The pile head shall be smooth over its complete cross-section, free from
irregularities and perpendicular to the vertical axis of the pile.
2) The pile head shall consist of sound concrete. This shall be achieved during the concreting of
the pile by flushing out all weak mortar, etc. from the top of the pile head and carefully
screeding off to provide a smooth level surface is sound concrete. Alternatively, if the pile head
is prepared after concreting, all weak mortar, broken concrete, etc. shall be removed from the
pile head to expose sound concrete over its complete cross-section. After cleaning it off to
ensure a sound bond, a very thin screed (maximum 1 cm) of strong sand/cement mortar, rapid
hardening compound, shall be spread to provide a smooth working surface for the shock test
equipment. The mortar shall be allowed to harden before testing.
3) Any reinforcement or other inclusions protruding from the pile head shall not prevent the
testing team from giving the pile the required impact force over the centre of the pile and
placing of a 5cm diameter (approx.) electronic pick-up at about 10cm from the periphery of the
pile. Access shall be provided for the service van within 30 meters of the pile.

3.2.2. Shock Test Equipment

The shock which is to be imparted onto the pile head shall be carried out using a suitable
hammer or any approved method which is capable of transmitting vibration to the base of the
pile shaft. The electronic pick-ups located on the pile head shall be approved velocity
transducers or accelerometers connected through an approved frequency analyzer to a X-Y
plotter. The mechanical admittance shall be plotted on a vertical scale and the frequency on
the horizontal scale. Both the horizontal and vertical scales shall be varied as required. The
equipment shall have an independent power supply.

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3.2.3. Shock Test

1) The Contractor shall provide the qualified and experienced testing team with a site plan
showing the pile layout and a list of the piles to be tested.
2) Before testing, the heads of the piles shall be inspected by the testing team for regularity and
soundness and any unsatisfactory pile heads shall be reported to the Engineer and the
Project/DOC. They shall be made good to the satisfaction of the Engineer and the Project/DOC
and smoothed off using a suitable epoxy mortar if necessary. Preliminary tests shall be carried
out to establish the appropriate scales and to check the electronic circuit.

3.3. SONIC LOGGING METHOD

1) For the purpose of carrying out sonic logging, the Contractor shall be required to install the
necessary tubing for the tests at all pile locations or as directed by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC.
2) The tubes shall be of internal diameter not less than 50mm with no internal projections or
couplings. They can be of mild steel pipes. Four (4) nos. of tubes are required for each pile of
700mm diameter or greater while two (2) nos. are required for each pile diameter smaller than
700mm.
3) The tubes shall be firmly secured to the longitudinal bars with equal spacing on the inside
perimeter of the links. The tubes shall be watertight with the bottom of the tube sealed and
suitably weighted to prevent floating. The tubes shall be secured to the internal face of the
reinforcement cage at equal distance from each other on the circumference.
4) The tubes shall be extended to the full depth of the pile and project 300mm above the top of the
concrete and not lower than 300mm below the surface of the ground. All joints shall be made
watertight. The tubes shall be filled with water to provide the necessary acoustic coupling, and
then plugged or capped before concreting. The type of tube and condition of sealing shall be
checked and approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC before installation.
5) The rate of logging for increments of depth shall be approved by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC.
6) After conducting the tests, all tubes shall be grouted with approved strength and all water in the
tubes displaced. The grout shall be dense non-shrink cement grout of minimum 28 days
strength of equal or higher than strength of the concrete of the bore pile. Any admixtures used
must be reviewed and approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
7) Prior to testing, the necessary equipment shall be thoroughly checked to ensure that all parts
are functioning satisfactorily. During sonic logging testing, where any irregularities are
detected, the tests shall be replaced at a smaller scale to allow a ‘close-up view’ of the
irregularities.

3.4. Presentation of Test Results

1) The time required to carry out the test for each pile must be recorded along with records of
starting time and finishing time.
2) The results of the tests shall be presented in report by the testing firm and must be signed by a
professional engineer. The report shall include comprehensive engineering analysis of the test
results for each pile taking into consideration the soil condition and any other relevant factors.
Interim reports of each pile or group of piles tested in one day shall be submitted to the
Engineer and the Project/DOC within 2 days of the completion of the test or tests. A final
comprehensive report shall be submitted to the Engineer and the Project/DOC within 7 days of
the completion of the last test or tests.

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3.5. PROOF CORING OF PILE SHAFTS

1) The Contractor shall check the quality of the concrete in the shafts of working piles as directed
by the Engineer and the Project/DOC. This shall be achieved by a vertical diamond core hole
drilled through the centre region of the pile from pile head to required depth. The location of
the drill hole and depth shall be approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC. Full core
recovery shall be attempted. The core so produced shall not be less than 50mm in diameter.
The minimum number of piles for proof coring test shall not be less than 1% of the total
number of working piles or as specified in the Bill of Quantities.
2) For each pile to be cored, the coring work shall be completed before the concrete in the pile has
reached an age of 28 days to allow the cores to be tested for unconfined compression tests at 28
days. The Engineer and the Project/DOC shall mark the sections of the core to be tested and
the Contractor shall arrange for testing in an approved laboratory. A minimum of six (6)
unconfined compression tests shall be conducted on cores obtained from a pile. Additional
number of the unconfined compression tests may be requested by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC if in the opinion of the Engineer and the Project/DOC the quality of the concrete
of the pile is doubtful.
3) The cored hole in the pile shall be grouted after testing. The grout shall be an approved dense
cement grout with minimum 28 days strength of equal or higher than the strength of the
concrete of the bored pile. If the pile is found to be faulty in the opinion of the Engineer and
the Project/DOC because of defects such as cracks, overbreaks, necking, cavity, inclusion of
foreign deleterious materials, poor quality concrete, etc., the pile shall be rejected and the
Contractor shall undertake all necessary remedial measures to the approval of the Engineer and
the Project/DOC.
4) In conjunction to core testing, the Engineer and the Project/DOC may request sonic logging
test to be conducted in the cored holes or pre-installed tubings to determine the in-situ density
of the pile and their integrity continuously along the pile length in correlation with core
samples.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

SECTION 5: PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE PILES

1. DESCRIPTION
This work shall consist of precast reinforced concrete piling furnished and driven in
accordance with these Specifications and in conformity with the requirements on the
Drawings or elsewhere in the Contract Documents.

1.1. Related Documents

Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary
Conditions and Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2. Summary

This Section includes pre-cast concrete piles.

1.2.1. Codes
1) The work of this Section shall comply with the following codes:
2000 IBC, detailing of the piles shall conform to Seismic Design Category C for each
building except, the Utility Building shall conform to seismic design category D.
2) Specifications and Standards
Except as otherwise indicated, the current editions of the following apply to the work of
this Section:
a) ASTM A615 - Specification for Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement
b) ASTM C31 - Practices for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the
Field
c) ASTM C39 - Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete
Specimens
d) ACI315 - Details and Detailing of Concrete Reinforcement.

1.3. Definitions

1) Geotechnical Engineer refers to the stateside geotechnical engineering firm responsible for
reviewing and approving geotechnical submissions from the contractor.
2) Testing Agency refers to the local firm responsible to perform onsite material testing
and inspection services.
3) Specialty-Testing Agency refers to a testing and inspection firm that has the specialized
experienced and equipment to perform Pile Driving Analyzer (PDA) monitoring.

1.4. Submittals

1) Contractor shall provide shop drawings showing location and identifications number of pile.
Indicate the location of control piles and sequence of work.
2) Equipment Descriptions: Submit descriptions of pile driving equipment for approval prior
to commencement of pile installations. Include details of the pile hammer, leads, and
cushion material. Specialty installation equipment shall be submitted with a full
description of the method, standards installation is based on, stresses induced in the piles,
and full analytical justification for the method. If more than one installation rig is used,
submit technical data for each rig.

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3) Wave Equation Analysis: Provide wave equation analysis of proposed pile, hammer and
cushioning system, for review prior to construction. Wave equation analysis shall be
performed by a registered professional geotechnical engineer, with at least ten (10) years
experience with wave equation analysis.
a) Wave equation analysis shall determine the required driving criteria.
b) The wave equation analysis shall be used to verify the acceptability of the
Contractor’s proposed driving system. If the analysis indicates an overstress or
damage to the pile during driving, the Contractor shall adjust his pile driving system
to eliminate such a condition.
4) Pile lengths to be establish by installing control piles. The control pile locations are as shown
on the structural drawings. Each control pile shall be supplied 3 m longer than production
piles. The geotechnical engineer must approve deviations in locations.
a) All Buildings – Two-control piles are required at non-production areas. Provide one
pile load test in conformance to ASTM D-1143 to the control pile selected by
the geotechnical engineer.
b) All Buildings - One-control piles is required. The pile is permitted to be located in a
production location.
5) Each control pile shall be monitored using a Pile Driving Analyzer (PDA) during the driving
of pile in accordance with ASTM D-4995. The PDA results will confirm the pile driving
system can successfully install the piles without overstressing the piles. No sooner than
48 hours after installation, each control pile shall be restruck and dynamically monitored
utilizing the Pile Driving Analyzer (PDA).

1.5. Project Conditions

A. Perform driving during hours acceptable to the local municipality.

1.6. Unit Prices

1) Base bids on the number of piles indicated on drawings and on a length from tip
elevations indicated on the drawings to the indicated top elevation.
2) Payment: Payment shall be made for actual tip to top length installed. Provide unit price per
meter for both add and deduct lengths.

2. PRODUCTS

2.1. Precast Concrete Piles

Fabricator: Fabricator must have had at least one installation of comparable size and
complexity in the manufacture of driven precast concrete piles constructed or installed in
the recent past.

2.2. Materials

Concrete - Concrete in precast piles shall have minimum compressive cylinder strength,
f’c of 32 MPa at 28 days.

2.3. Reinforcing Steel

1) All reinforcing steel shall meet the standards of the latest ASTM Specifications, ASTM A
615/615M and shall be accurately place as shown on plans.
2) Cold drawn wire spirals or square stirrups shall be throughout the pile with close spacing
of such reinforcing near the head and tip. Adequate lateral reinforcing ties are essential.
Maximum ties spacing is 100 mm.
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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

3) Shop fabricates piles in maximum practical lengths to meet design requirement.

3. EXECUTION

3.1. Preparation

1) Obtain approval from project geotechnical engineer for the equipment to the used in driving
the piles. Use a driving method that will not cause damage to nearby structures. Specialized
driving equipment must be approved by the geotechnical engineer.
2) Verify site conditions will support driving equipment for performance of pile driving
operations.
3) Stake out pile locations; protect stakes from damage or movement. All known
information for existing utilities is as shown on project documents. The contractor must verify
sizes, locations, and depth of utilities prior to beginning drilling.

3.2. Installation

1) Protect head of piles with fitted steel driving helmet.

a) Position helmet for distribution of hammer blow.
b) Deliver hammer blows on central axis of piles.
2) Protect pile head during driving. Provide full bearing on piles of distribution of hammer
blow. Do not damage piles during driving operations.
a) Drive piles to refusal or acceptable subgrade stratum or to required blow count as
developed by PDA testing and load test load. Avoid damaging piles by over driving.
3) Heave Checks: Check first pile group driven and selected pile groups as directed. Check
heave by taking an elevation on each pile immediately after it has been driven; recheck
elevation after all piles in group have been driven. Elevations shall be taken on pile tops.
Redrive piles where tips heaved more than 10 mm to original elevation
provided refusal is not exceeded on redrive.
4) Damaged Piles: Any pile driven against a previously driven pile automatically rejects
the piles. Leave all pile heads sound; repair or replace damaged heads. Replace piles whose
handling or driving record indicates possible damage or defect; replace as directed with a
substitute pile at no expense to the General Contractor or Project Manager. Do not
drive piles damaged or suspected of damage until inspected and approved.
5) All correction costs shall be paid for under this section by pile contractor, including
inspection, testing, additional materials, and labor required for pile caps.
6) Prepare pile top to receive pile cap or grade beam.
a) Maximum: 2% from vertical for plumb piles.
b) Maximum: 75 mm from plan location.

3.3. Non-Conforming Piles

1) Non-Conforming Piles: Piles that fail tests, are driven out of position, are below cut- off
elevation, or are damaged.
2) Provide additional piles or supplement piles to meet specified requirements.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

3.4. Pile Design Criteria

1) Splicing of piles is permitted. The splice shall be designed to transfer compression, tension,
and flexural forces.
2) Design Capacity: as shown structural drawings and approved submittals.

3.5. Quality Control

3) The general contractor will engage the services of an approved independent, testing agency
to perform field inspection of pile driving and prepare written reports for submission to
the Geotechnical Engineer or Project Manager.
4) The general contractor will engage the services of an approved specialty-testing agency to
perform the Pile Driving Analyzer (PDA) testing and to prepare reports for submission to
the Geotechnical Engineer or Project Engineer.
5) Pile Driving: An approved, qualified inspector shall be present during pile driving and for
load tests. The inspector shall make detailed records of the installation of each pile and the
results of load tests.
6) Pile load testing: Provide one single load test as indicated in Part 1. Load test pile to twice
the required design load as indicated on the drawings in accordance with ASTM D-1143.
7) Field Welding of Splices: Inspect and test during driving of piles as follows:
a) Verify welder’s certifications and conduct inspections and tests as required. Record
types and locations of defects found in the work. Record work required and
performed to correct deficiencies.
b) Perform visual inspection of all welds.
c) Test ultrasonic inspection of a minimum of 20% of all field welds to comply with
ASTM E164.
8) Precast Plant Concrete Sampling and Testing
a) Sampling and testing for quality control during fabrication during the fabrication of
the piles shall be as follows.
b) Sampling Fresh Concrete: ASTM C172, except modified for slump to comply with
ASTM C94.
c) Slump: ASTM C143; one test for each set of compressive strength test specimens.
d) Concrete Temperature: one test for each set of compressive strength test specimens.
e) Compression Test Specimen: ASTM C31, one set of 6 standard cylinders for each
strength test, minimum.
f) Compressive Strength Tests: ASTM C39, one set for each day of fabrication for a
given strength of concrete; two specimens tested at 7 days, two specimens at 28
days and two specimens retained in reserve for later testing if required. Additional
cylinders shall be formed as required.
g) Test Results will be reported in writing to Architect, Structural Engineer, General
Contractor and Project Manager within 7 working days that tests completed.
Reports of compressive strength tests shall contain the project identification, date
of concrete placement, name of concrete testing service, concrete type and class,
location of concrete batch in structure, design compressive strength at 28 days,
concrete mix proportions and materials; compressive breaking strength and type
of break for both 7-day and 28- day tests.
9) The contractor shall be responsible for scheduling with the testing laboratory, and shall
provide free access for its personnel and labor required in helping to obtain and handle
samples of concrete.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

3.6. Clean Up

Keep construction and storage area free from waste material, rubbish and debris resulting
from this work. Do not allow spoil from piles to accumulate.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

SECTION 6: PRESTRESSED CONCRETE PILES

1. DESCRIPTION
This work shall consist of precast pre-stressed concrete piling furnished and driven in
accordance with these Specifications and in conformity with the requirements on the
Drawings or elsewhere in the Contract Documents.

1.1. Related Documents

Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary
Conditions and Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2. 1.2. Summary

This Section includes pre-stressed concrete piles.

1.3. Codes

1) The work of this Section shall comply with the current editions of the following codes
2) The work of this Section shall comply with the current editions of the following codes:
a) 2000 IBC
b) Specifications and Standards
3) Except as otherwise indicated, the current editions of the following apply to the work of this
Section:
ASTM A416 Steel Strand, Uncoated Seven-Wire Stress-Relieved for Pre- stressed
Concrete
ASTM A615 Specification for Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel Bars for
Concrete Reinforcement
ASTM C31 Practices for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
ASTM C39 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete
Specimens
ACI315 Details and Detailing of Concrete Reinforcement

1.4. Definitions

1) Geotechnical Engineer refers to the stateside geotechnical engineering firm responsible for
reviewing and approving geotechnical submissions from the contractor.
2) Testing Agency refers to the local firm responsible to perform onsite material testing
and inspection services
3) Specialty-Testing Agency refers to a testing and inspection firm that has the specialized
experienced and equipment to perform Pile Driving Analyzer (PDA) monitoring.

1.5. Submittals

Contractor shall provide record drawings prior to placing pile caps showing location of all
piles. Include pile head elevations before and after cutting.
Project record documents:
1) Record of driving: Kept by Soil Engineer.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

2) Dimensions: Record all pile lengths as cast and the length of pile in place for any
purposes. Include elevation of tip and butt before and after cutting off.
3) Driving resistance: Complete record with number of blows required to drive each foot.
Record of driving resistance required for full length. Note any unusual occurrences in
performance of pile or pile driving equipment during driving.
4) Marking: Mark piles before installation with lines of high visibility paint or ink at one- foot
intervals, starting 10 feet from the bottom and number every ten feet. Lines should be clearly
visible and numbering legible to the naked eye at a distance of 75 feet. Installation of
piles not properly marked shall be cause for rejection of the piles.
5) Equipment Descriptions: Submit descriptions of pile driving equipment for approval prior
to commencement of pile installations. Include details of the pile hammer, leads, and cushion
material.
6) Wave Equation Analysis: Provide wave equation analysis of proposed pile, hammer and
cushioning system, for review prior to construction. Wave equation analysis shall be
performed by a registered professional geotechnical engineer, with at least ten (10) years
experience with wave equation analysis.
Wave equation analysis shall determine the required driving criteria.
7) The wave equation analysis shall be used to verify the acceptability of the Contractor’s
proposed driving system. If the analysis indicates an overstress or damage to the pile during
driving, the Contractor shall adjust his pile driving system to eliminate such a condition.
8) Pile lengths to be establish by installing a series of indicator piles. The indicator pile
locations shall be selected by the structural engineer and the soils engineer.

1.6. Project Conditions

Perform driving during the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. to minimize transmission of
movement or noise to nearby structures.

1.7. Unit Prices

1) Base bids on the number and spacing of piles indicated on drawings and on a length from
point to indicated top elevation.
2) Determine number and lengths of piles based on Project Record Documents.
3) Payment:
a) Payment for linear footage either greater or less than the lid footage based upon the
estimated pile tip elevation will be made on a unit price basis when authorized.
Include specific per-foot unit price in the initial bid for add and deduct lengths.
b) Payment will be made at the Contract unit price, multiplied by the total length of
accepted installed piles. Base measurement on total linear measurement of piling
from point to indicated top elevation.

2. PRODUCTS

2.1. Pre-stressed Concrete Piles

2.1.1. A. Manufacturers
Fabricator: Fabricator must have had at least one installation of comparable size and
complexity in the manufacture of pre-stressed piles constructed or installed in the
recent past.

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2.2. Materials

2.2.1. Concrete
1) Concrete in pre-stressed piles shall have a minimum compressive strength, fc of 6,000
psi (or 42 MPa cylinder) at 28 days, sulphate resistant portland cement, aggregates and
sand is required.
2) Pre-stressing strand: Uncoated stress-relieved steel strand for pre-stressed concrete
conforming to ASTM A416.

2.3. Reinforcing Steel

1) All other reinforcing steel shall meet the standards of the latest ASTM Specifications,
ASTM A 615, and shall be accurately place as shown on plans.
2) Cold drawn wire spirals or square stirrups shall be throughout the pile with close spacing
of such reinforcing near the head and tip. Adequate lateral reinforcing ties are essential.
3) Pile Points: Hardened steel, hollowed tip to minimize bounce or deflection may be required.
4) Shop fabricates piles in maximum practical lengths to meet design requirement.

3. EXECUTION

3.1. Preparation

1) Obtain approval from Project Director’s geotechnical engineer for the equipment to the used
in driving the piles. Use a driving method that will not cause damage to nearby
structures.
2) Verify site conditions if it will support the driving equipment for performance of pile
driving operations. CONTRACTOR shall revise and verify related geotechnical data from
the Soil Report.
3) Stake out pile locations; protect stakes from damage or movement. Cost for replacing stakes
to be born by CONTRACTOR. All known information for existing utilities is shown.
CONTRACTOR must verify sizes, locations, and depth of utilities. CONTRACTOR shall
not claim nor be entitled to receive payment for information not given on the drawings or for
failure to recognize that the utilities exist.

3.2. Installation

1) Protect head of piles with fitted steel driving helmet.

a) Position helmet for distribution of hammer blow.
b) Deliver hammer blows on central axis of piles.
2) Protect pile head during driving. Provide full bearing on piles of distribution of hammer
blow. Do not damage piles during driving operations.
a) Drive piles to refusal or acceptable sub-grade stratum or to required load capacities.
Avoid damaging piles by over driving.
3) Refusal: As defined in Foundation Report.
4) Heave Checks: Check first pile group driven and selected pile groups as directed. Check
heave by taking an elevation on each pile immediately after it has been driven; recheck
elevation after all piles in group have been driven. Elevations shall be taken on pile tops. Re-
drive piles where tips heaved more than YZ inch to original elevation provided refusal is not
exceeded on re-drive. Soil Engineer may accept pile as heaved if he believes dense soil
dilation has occurred at pile tip.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

5) Damaged Piles: Any pile driven against a previously driven pile automatically rejects the
piles. Leave all pile heads sound; repair or replace damaged heads. Replace piles whose
handling or driving record indicates possible damage or defect. Replace as directed with a
substitute pile at no expense to client. Do not drive piles damaged or suspected of damage
until inspected and approved.
6) All correction costs shall be paid for under this section by CONTRACTOR, including
structural redesign, inspection, testing, additional materials, and labor required for pile caps.
Development of tension cracks, spalls or chips in the concrete within the pay length either
before or during driving will be cause for rejections.
7) Prepare pile top to receive pile cap or grade beam.
a) Maximum: 2% from vertical for plumb piles.
b) Maximum: 76 mm from plan location.

3.3. Non-Conforming Piles

1) Non-Conforming Piles: Piles that fail tests, are driven out of position, are below cut-oft
elevation, or are damaged.
2) Provide additional piles or supplement piles to meet specified requirements.

3.4. Pile Design Criteria

1) Piles shall be full length without splices.

2) Design Criteria: Per structural drawings and approved submittals.
3) Steel stresses: Initial stress in the strands, prior to placement of concrete, shall not exceed 80
percent of minimum ultimate strength. Average working stressed in the strands, after all
losses, shall not exceed 70 percent of the ultimate tensile strength of the strand. Working
stresses will be considered as the stress remaining in the strands after creep of concrete and
steel, shrinkage of concrete, and other lineal changes in the concrete have taken place.
4) Losses: The loss in initial pre-stress due to creep and shrinkage of concrete and creep in
steel shall be assumed not less than 16 percent of the initial tensioning force.
5) Marking: Make piles clearly with date of pour, lot number and pile length as cast. This
information shall be imprinted in the pile concrete before it has hardened and shall not be
altered thereafter. Lot number must appear on all piles brought to the site.

3.5. Quality Control

1) The contractor shall employ a qualified independent testing and inspecting agency, approved
by the Project Manager, to sample materials, perform tests, and submit test reports according
to the requirements specified in this Article.
2) Inspection:
Special periodic inspection will be performed during fabrication of piling by a laboratory
selected and paid for by the client. Concrete shall be tested per paragraphs under SAMPLING
AND TESTING CONCRETE.
3) Sampling and Testing Concrete
An approved testing laboratory will make one set of concrete samples per day of pouring.
Testing paid for by CONTRACTOR.
Make samples in set of 3 cylinders per set. Make and cure cylinder per ASTM C 31; test per
ASTM C 39. Test one cylinder at 7 days; two cylinders at 28 days.

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3.6. Clean Up

Keep construction and storage area free from waste material, rubbish and debris
resulting from this work. Do not allow spoil from piles to accumulate.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

SECTION 7: CONCRETE WORKS

1. GENERAL

1.1. SCOPE OF WORKS

1) This section concerns the construction of the building and all others civil work in reinforced
concrete. It covers also the works in lean concrete.
2) Not being limited, the works shall comprise:

- Building, footings, columns, beams, roof, terrace, stairs, and others related works
- R.C. Piles
- Septic tank
- Manhole
- Footings
- Gutters
- R.C.U-Ditch
- R.C. Pipes
- Lift shaft
- Underground Water Tank
- Waterproof Membranes
- Others…

1.2. STANDARD AND CODES OF PRACTICES

1) Unless otherwise specified all concrete work shall be calculated and executed in accordance
with the requirements and recommendations the ACI 318-95 (American Concrete Institute),
BS 8110 or UBC, Volume 2, Chapter 19 (Uniform Building Code) Standards, together with all
amendments that are current at the date of the tender: Design and calculation rules for
reinforced concrete works according to the Ultimate Strength Design (USD).
2) Ready-Mixed Concrete shall be calculated and executed in according with the requirement and
recommendation the AASHTO M 157-97. This specification covers ready-mixed concrete
manufactured in a freshly mixed and unhardened state as hereinafter specified. The mixed
design shall be specified by the Engineer and the Project/DOC or submitted to the Engineer
and the Project/DOC by the contractor for approval.

1.3. REQUIREMENT FOR HARDENED CONCRETE

1) The grade of concrete used in the works shall be as defined on the drawings by the
characteristic strength, in N/mm2 at 28 days determined from cylinder test.
2) Where the type of cement is not specified, Ordinary Portland Cement shall be used.
3) The minimum cement content for design mixes shall be 380 Kg/ m3 unless shown otherwise
and the maximum cement content of any mix design.
4) When required by the Engineer and the Project/DOC the Contractor shall carry out tests of the
total chloride content of the concrete mix.
5) The total alkali content shall not exceed 3.0 kg/m3 of the concrete. Use of aggregate that
contain potentially alkali shall not be permitted.

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1.4. REQUIREMENT FOR FRESH CONCRETE

1) The workability of fresh concrete shall be such that the concrete is suitable for the conditions
of handling and placing, so that after compaction it surrounds all reinforcement and ducts and
completely fills the formwork.
2) Workability shall be assessed by slump tests.
3) The temperature of material used in the manufacturing of concrete and the plant used for
batching, mixing and transporting shall be so controlled that the temperature of the concrete
when poured in its final position does not exceed 32 degrees centigrade except with the written
approval by the Engineer and the Project/DOC and in no case shall the temperature exceed 40
degrees centigrade. The slump shall be 75  25mm.

1.5. REQUIREMENT FOR CONCRETE MIXES

1) All grades of concrete shall have suitable proportions of fine and coarse aggregates with an
approved overall grading and shall fulfill the requirement of this specification.
2) The water cement ratio shall not exceed 0.50
3) Evidence shall be submitted to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for each grade of concrete
showing that at the intended workability, the proposed mix proportions and manufacturing
method will produce concrete of the required quality.
4) Trial mixes shall be prepared for each grade of all structural concrete to be used in the works, if
reliable data for target mean strength are not available.
5) Where trial mixes are required samples in three separate batches of concrete shall be made
using approved material typical of the proposed supply and under full scale production
conditions. The average strength of the nine cylinders tested shall exceed the specified
characteristic strength by the current margin 7.5 N/mm2.
6) All relevant details of materials, mix proportions and nominated slump and water cement ratio
shall be submitted to the Engineer and the Project/DOC, before any design mix is supplied.
During production the Engineer and the Project/DOC may require additional trial mixes to be
made before substantial change is made in the material to be used.

1.6. RATE OF SAMPLING

1) The sampling of works concrete shall be at the average rate of one sample for every 20m3
concrete placed. For critical elements, the rate may be increased to one sample for every 10 m3
of concrete placed. If, for any reason the Engineer and the Project/DOC is not satisfied with the
works concrete, he may instruct the contractor to further increase the rate of sampling.
2) The samples shall be taken at the point oil discharge of the mixer or in the case of ready mixed
concrete at the point of discharge from the vehicle or the point of casting as directed by the
Engineer and the Project/DOC.
3) At least one set of samples shall be taken from each individual placement of concrete. For
reinforced concrete 6 cylinders shall be made from each sample of concrete, 3 of which for
testing after 28 days.

1.7. TESTING PLAN

1) One set of cylinders shall be made from a single sample taken from a randomly selected batch
of concrete. A batch shall be defined as the quantity of concrete mixed in one cycle of
operation of batch mixer or the quantity of concrete delivered to site ready mixed in a vehicle
or the quantity of concrete discharge during 1 minute from a continuous mixer.
2) Compliance with specified characteristic strength shall be assumed if the average strength
determined from any group of four consecutive tests cylinders exceeds the specified strength
by not less than 0,5 times the current margin.
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1.8. TESTING LABORATORY

1) All cylinder tests and any other tests are to be carried out in a laboratory approved by the
Engineer and the Project/DOC.
2) The taking of samples for such tests shall be carried out under the supervision of the Engineer
and the Project/DOC.

1.9. QUALITY CONTROL OF CONCRETE

1.9.1. Standard of Control

The Standard of control for all Grades of concrete shall be such that:

- The average of all sets of three consecutive strength tests at 28 days shall not be less than the
specified strength for the Grade in question as specified in the Drawings.
- No individual strength test (average of three cylinders) fall below the required 28 days design
strength by more than 20% of the specified strength.
- In cases where, while the standard of control set out in this Section is being met yet, any one
cylinder tested is less than 80 percent of the strength specified in then the Contractor shall take
such remedial measures as the Engineer and the Project/DOC may direct.

1.9.2. Seven (7) days strength

The cylinders tested at 7 days and likewise subjected to statistical analysis shall be used to
determine the relationship between the 7 days and 28 days strengths and so established to be
basis of control using 7 days strength results.

1.9.3. Records
1) The Contractor shall maintain records in a form to be agreed by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC, of all tests on aggregates, cement, water, fresh concrete and hardened concrete.
The records shall be kept at site and shall identify the tests with the section of work to which
they relate and shall be promptly submitted to the Engineer and the Project/DOC at his request.
2) The Contractor shall keep returns giving the grade code, the quantities of cement used, the
number of batches and the position where placed in respect of each grade of concrete used in
the works or the Temporary Works and shall submit such returns to the Engineer and the
Project/DOC on the day following that during which any concrete is placed. Details of all test
cylinders with their reference numbers which are taken from the batches of each grade of
concrete shall also be included in the returns.
3) The Contractor shall supply suitable maximum/minimum thermometers and record the ambient
shade temperatures adjacent to the concrete mixer and to all parts of the works where concrete
is being placed. A record of the daily maximum and minimum temperatures during concreting
shall be kept on Site and a copy shall be given to the Engineer and the Project/DOC each week
during which concrete is placed.

2. MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT

2.1. Cement

1) The cement used throughout the Works shall be Portland Cement from manufactures approved
in writing by the Engineer and the Project/DOC. Unless otherwise specified, cement material
shall comply with ASTM C 150.
2) The cement shall be as described under one of the following headings:

- Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)

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- Sulfate Resisting Cement (SRC)

3) Unless otherwise approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC the temperature of the
Cement shall not exceed 75 degrees centigrade at the time of mixing.
4) The manufacturer's test certificate will in general be accepted as proof of soundness, but the
Engineer and the Project/DOC shall have the right to carry out independent tests and to reject
any cement which does not comply. All such cement shall be removed from the mixing plant
and replace entirely at the Contractor's own expense. The Engineer and the Project/DOC may,
without' tests being made, order that any bag of cement, a portion of the contents of which has
hardened, or which appears to be defective in any other way, shall be removed from the mixing
plant.
5) A record of the amount of cement used each day in the construction of the work shall be kept
by the Contractor. This record shall be open to inspection by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC.

2.2. AGGREGATE

Unless otherwise specified, aggregate shall be complied with ASTM C33. Aggregate for
concrete and mortar shall be hard and dense and free from earth, clay, shale or decomposed
stone, organic matter and other impurities.

2.2.1. Fine Aggregate

1) Fine aggregates shall be natural sand as define in (a) below or crushed stone sand or gravel
sand as defined in (b) below or mixed sand when it is the product of blending of natural sand
and crushed stone sand or crushed gravel sand.

- Natural sand (Fine aggregate resulting from the natural disintegration of rock).
2) Crushed Stone sand or Crushed Gravel Sand (Fine aggregate produced by crushing hard stone
and gravel respectively).

- Sand for use in mortar shall free from earth, clay, shale, organic matter and other impurities.

2.2.2. Coarse Aggregate

The coarse aggregate shall be crushed granite.
Unless otherwise authorized by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, the nominal maximum
aggregate size for concrete mixes shall be 20 mm.

2.2.3. Storage of Aggregate

The fine and coarse aggregate shall be stored in properly constructed open bins with hard
clean and adequately drained floors. Each size of aggregate shall be stored in a separate bin. If
bins are not provided, the different sizes of aggregate shall be separated by means to be
approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

2.3. WATER

1) All the water used in the concrete works shall be free of all harmful matter in suspension or
solution and in accordance with the relevant Standards.
2) The Engineer and the Project/DOC may instruct the Contractor to carry out water analysis to
determine the sulfate content. The water shall be judged acceptable if the sulfate content does
not exceed 1500 mg per liter of water.
3) Storage tanks of sufficient size shall be maintained on the mixing plant site or wherever
concrete is mixed to ensure an abundant supply at all times.

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2.4. ADMIXTURES

Admixtures may be used in concrete mixes with the prior approval of the Engineer and the
Project/DOC, who will be provided with the following data for his approval:

- The manufacturer's recommended dosage and detrimental effects of under-dosage or over –

dosage.
- The chemical name of the main active ingredients in the admixture.
- Whether or not the admixture contains chlorides and if so, the chloride content of the
admixture.
- Evidence of previous satisfactory performance of concrete using the additive.
- All admixtures shall be used strictly in accordance to the manufacturer's instruction.
Admixtures shall be incorporated through a dispensing system sufficiently accurate to deliver
within  5% of the approved dosage rate.

2.5. STEEL REINFORCEMENT

The steel used in the reinforced concrete shall be in accordance with ASTM A615. The grade
of steel reinforcement shall be defined in N/mm² as specified in the Drawings. Manufacturer's
test certificate shall be submitted to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for his approval. The
Engineer and the Project/DOC may instruct the Contractor to carry out additional test if
required.

2.6. PRESTRESSING WIRE REINFORCEMENT

The prestressing wires for prestressed solid plank shall be in accordance with TIS 95-2540.
The grade of prestressing wire shall be defined in N/mm² as specified in the Drawings.
Manufacturer's test certificate shall be submitted to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for his
approval. The Engineer and the Project/DOC may instruct the Contractor to carry out
additional test if required.

2.7. CRUSHED STONE

Crushed stone for concrete base produced locally under the name of 4cm x 6cm trademark.

2.8. FLINCOAT

Flincoat shall be a solvent-free bitumen emulsion with pasty consistency. The Contractor shall
submit a sample or manufacturer data sheet to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for his
approval.

2.9. WATERPROOFING SHEET

This sheet is composed of a 200µm thick PVC lining to install beneath the concrete ground
floor slab footing, and elastomeric bitumen torchable membrane including a 250g/m²
composite reinforcement for concrete terrace, gutter and toilets.

2.10. MATERIAL FOR JOINTS

1) Expansion Joint: Permanently elastic one-component joint sealant compound/polyurethane

based.
2) Construction Joint: Solvent-free, 3-component grout of high strength epoxy resin.

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3. EXECUTION

3.1. PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE

1) The supervision shall be such as to ensure the required standard of control over materials and
workmanship. The Engineer and the Project/DOC shall have free access to all mixing plants
and facilities for inspection and be allowed to take any samples or to make any tests.
2) The manufacturer's certificate shall be submitted to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for
approval.
3) Aggregate shall be handled and stored so as to minimize contamination and tested on a regular
basis with respect to properties.
4) The quantities of cement, fine and coarse aggregate shall be measure by weight and records
kept for each batch.
5) The amount of water shall be measured by volume or by weight. The batch weight of
aggregates shall be adjusted to allow for moisture content typical for the aggregate being used.
6) The accuracy of the measuring equipment shall be within 3 % of the quantity of cement, water
or total aggregate being measured and within 5% of the quantity of any admixture being used.
All measuring equipment shall be maintained in clean, serviceable conditions and calibration
of the equipment shall be done weekly.
7) The water content of each batch of concrete shall be adjusted so as to produce a concrete of the
workability required by the trial mixes.
8) Ready mixed concrete shall comply with the general requirements of this Specification and the
following special requirements. The concrete shall be carried in purpose made agitators,
operating continuously, or truck mixers. All concrete delivered to site shall be accompanied by
a delivery slip clearly stating the time batched, grade of concrete, specific slump, cement
content and special features, such as additives used.

3.2. TRANSPORTING, PLANNING, COMPACTION OF CONCRETE

1) Concrete shall be transported from the mixer to the formwork as rapidly as possible by a
method which will prevent segregation or loss of any of the ingredients and maintain the
workability. It shall deposit as near its final position as practically possible. A free fall more
than 1.5m for concrete pouring is not allowed.
2) All placing and compacting shall be carried out under the supervision of a competent member
of the Engineer and the Project/DOC’s staff. Concrete shall normally be placed and compacted
soon after mixing but delays in placing may be permitted providing that the concrete can still
be placed and effectively compacted without the addition of further water. Care shall be taken
to avoid the displacement of reinforcement or movement of formwork and damage to faces of
formwork.
3) Concrete shall be thoroughly compacted by vibration, unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer
and the Project/DOC, during the operation of placing and thoroughly worked around the
reinforcement, ducts. Embedded fixtures and into the corners of the formwork. Vibration shall
be applied continuously during placement.
4) Whenever vibration has to be applied externally the design of the formwork and location of
vibrators shall receive special consideration to ensure efficient compaction.
5) When heavy rainfall appears immanent, concreting shall not be commenced unless adequate
provisions have been made to protect the formwork from flooding and non-hardened concrete
from damage.

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3.3. CURING

1) All concrete shall be cured by covering after casting with a layer of sand, wrapped around and
taped plastic sheets or other approved methods.
2) The Contractor shall use a curing method which also shields the concrete and the curing shall
be placed in position no later than one hour after final finishing. If surface cracks appears while
the concrete is still plastic it shall be re-tamped to close the cracks.
3) Any formwork made of metal or other Material of high thermal capacity shall be cooled with
water before placing of the concrete.
4) The surface of the concrete shall be adequately cured for a minimum of 7 days.

3.4. TREATMENT OF CAST CONCRETE

1) Unless otherwise directed no treatment of any kind, other than curing, shall be applied to the
concrete after the removal of the formwork, until the concrete has been inspected by the
Engineer and the Project/DOC.
2) The Contractor's methods of making good defects are subject to the approval of the Engineer
and the Project/DOC in each case. If the result is not satisfactory, demolition and rebuilt may
be required and all costs shall be borne by the Contractor.

3.5. PUMPED CONCRETE

Concrete may be pumped subject to the approval of the Engineer and the Project/DOC. The
Contractor shall submit a complete Method Statement, including equipment and procedures to
be used, stand by equipment, change of mix design etc.

3.6. CONTROL OF CRACKING FOR LARGE CONCRETE POURS

The contractor shall allow in his price, adequate measure to cope with the heat generation in
large concrete pours such as pile caps and floor slabs. The Contractor shall propose the
measures to use to cope with heat generation in large concrete pours for the approval of the
Engineer and the Project/DOC.

3.7. PROTECTION

Surfaces of concrete which are exposed to view in the finished works shall be protected from
spillage, stains and other damage.

3.8. FORMWORKS

3.8.1. General
Before erecting formwork, the Contractor shall submit details to the Engineer and the
Project/DOC for approval of the systems of formwork he proposes to use, for all main
structural members.
For time and cost saving purpose, the contractor could submit other forms of support (pre-slab
for instance) to replace the formworks.

3.8.2. RELEASE AGENTS

1) The internal faces of formwork shall be coated with an approved release agent. Release agents
shall be materials marketed as such and shall be of one of the following types:

- Cream emulsion
- Neat oil with surfactant added

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

- Chemical release agent

2) Release agents shall be stored and used strictly in accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions.
3) The Contractor shall be responsible for ensuring that the release agent is chemically and
physically compatible with the finishes to be applied later and that the release agent will not
stain the concrete surface.
4) Care shall be taken to prevent the release agent to come into contact with the reinforcement.

3.8.3. Formwork Props

The props shall not be disturbed or removed without approval from the Engineer and the
Project/DOC.
Not less than two weeks before the start of any concrete pour, the Contractor shall submit to
the Engineer and the Project/DOC, drawings and calculations and a detailed program of the
props.

3.8.4. Temporary Works, Safety Precautions

1) The Contractor shall be responsible for the provision of all necessary temporary works and
safety measures in accordance with local laws and regulations as well as in accordance with the
relevant Public Standards.
a) The Contractor shall employ a qualified engineer who shall be fully responsible for the design
and supervision of all temporary works to ensure complete safety for both temporary and
permanent constructions.

3.8.5. Striking of Formwork

Before the formwork is removed, the Contractor shall ensure that the concrete has attained
sufficient strength and that the structure will be stable and not adversely affected when the
formwork is struck.
The responsibility for the safe removal of any part of the formwork or props rests entirely
with the Contractor.

3.8.6. Minimum Period for Forms Removals

1) The minimum period for removing formwork to structural members shall be as follows:
LOCATION PERIOD

- Walls and columns 24 hours

- Slab and stair 21 days
- Beams 21 days
2) Earlier striking of forms. but not props may be approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC,
based on the Contractor's submission of cylinder test results and calculations. If any damage
occurs due to such earlier striking the Contractor shall make good such damages at his own
expense.
3) The vertical propping to all form work shall be carried down sufficiently far in the structure to
provide the necessary support, without damage or over stress of any part of the permanent
construction. The Contractor shall submit calculations showing how far in the structure the
propping has to be carried down.
4) Structural props shall be retained in position until the new construction is sufficiently strong to
be self-supporting.
5) All formwork to suffix shall be constructed such that formwork can be removed without
disturbing the structural props.

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3.8.7. Final Preparation and Inspection

1) No concrete shall be poured without the Engineer and the Project/DOC permission. The
Engineer and the Project/DOC shall be given three days notification, for an inspection to be
made of the formwork, underlay, sub-bars, reinforcement, anchors and other items that are to
be embedded in the concrete.
2) The Inspection request shall be submitted in writing to which all documents required for the
inspection shall be attached, such as approved co-ordination drawings and shop drawings result
of Survey of levels etc.
3) The Contractor is to allow for such inspections and for making any required or instructed
corrections.
4) No claims for extra costs or extension of time will be authorized because of delays due to
failure to give notification or making allowance. No inspection or approval by the Engineer
and the Project/DOC shall relieve the Contractor of his responsibility for the proper execution
of the works.
5) Immediately before the concrete is placed in any section of the formwork, the interior of that
section shall be completely cleaned of all rubbish and water, by compressed air.
6) The Contractor shall carry out any adjustment to formwork, reinforcement or levels as
instructed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC prior to placing of any concrete.
7) All reinforcement shall be free from mud, paint oil retarders, rust grease or any other harmful
substance, which may affect the steel or concrete chemically or reduce the bond. The Engineer
and the Project/DOC shall instruct the Contractor to clean off such substances thoroughly.

3.9. REINFORCEMENT

3.9.1. Cutting And Bending/Bar Chart

1) Reinforcement shall be shown on the Drawings. The Contractor shall determine from these
drawings the required dimensions of the bars and shall cut and Standard to bend the
reinforcement in accordance with the appropriate any Standard to meet the requirement of
cover, lap length etc. The Contractor shall produce steel bar chart, bar bending schedules and
shop drawings for reinforcement details, for approvals by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
2) Reinforcement shall not be heated to facilitate bending and not be re-bent. Any bar that shows
signs of fracture shall be replaced.
3) The rate for reinforcement shall include checking, sorting, storing, fabricating, wastage,
cleaning, hoisting in position and all others necessary tools and equipment whether or not
shown on the drawings.

3.9.2. Fixing
1) All reinforcement shall be accurately placed with correct cover and securely fixed in the
position shown on the drawings, by approved methods. Fixing wires etc shall be fixed such
that they do not encroach in to the concrete cover.
2) Unless otherwise shown on the drawings cover to reinforcement shall be in accordance with
the appropriate Standard.
3) Where spacers are used to maintain the concrete cover to the reinforcement, these may be of
either concrete or plastic. Plastic spacers shall be of approved design and are not to support
heavy loads.
4) The contractor shall supply and fix all chairs required to maintain the reinforcement in the
correct positions.
5) The contractor shall get approval for the size and spacing of chairs, when not detailed on the
drawings.

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6) Spacer block shall be made of cement, sand and fine aggregate and shall match the mix
proportions of the surrounding concrete, being similar in strength, durability and appearance.

3.9.3. Rust Staining

Concrete surfaces which will be exposed to view in the finished works, shall be protected
from staining due to rusting of projecting reinforcement, by coating the reinforcement with
cement grout or by other approved method.

3.10. PRESTRESSED SOLID PLANK

1) PC solid plank slab 50 x 400mm, safe superimposed service load (Kg/m²) for each slab length
(m), with 5-7 cm concrete topping and in according to the required strength of engineer design.
The PC solid plank slab is to rest on supporting beams. It is recommended that the bearing
width at least 50mm or approvals by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

- Compressive Strength (cylinder) of products at 28 days >=350 Kg/cm²

- Compressive Strength (cylinder) of products when releasing PC Wire >=250 Kg/cm²
- Ultimate tensile strength of PC Wire (low relaxation) >=17500 Kg/cm²
- Tensioning Force >=70%
- Cross Section Area 197.5 cm²
- Moment of Inertia 411 cm4
- Centroid from Bottom 1.8 cm
- Plank Self-weight 120 Kg/m²
- Dead Weight with 5 cm topping 240 Kg/m²
- Support Load >=200 Kg/cm²

3.11. DEFECTIVE WORK

1) Where in the opinion of the Engineer and the Project/DOC any finished works or the materials
or workmanship in any part, of the works, do not comply with the relevant requirements of this
specification, that part of the work shall be classified as defective work.
2) All work classified as defective work shall be cut out and removed from the works, and
replaced to the satisfaction of the Engineer and the Project/DOC. Cut out and removal shall not
be considered as grounds for time extension.

3.12. SETTING OUT AND TOLERANCES

1) Before work commence on site, the Contractor shall submit for approval his methods of
dimensional setting out and checking of the construction which shall be such that the tolerances
achieved in the works comply with the specification.
Maximum Allowable Tolerances
2) The deviation of height from floor to floor shall not exceed the following:

- Height of structural level from 1 floor to another ±5mm

- Height deviation of any structural level from the control bench mark ±10 mm
- RC pile shall not deviate from straightness by more than 1/1000 of its axial segment length
between both ends.
- Foundation

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- Maximum deviation measured in any horizontal direction from the nearest reference grid line ±
5mm
- Maximum deviation in any horizontal direction inside the structure ±15mm
- Maximum deviation of pile position after driving in any direction ±50mm
3) Structural Members above the Foundation

- Maximum deviation in horizontal direction from the nearest grid line ±10mm
4) Length (major dimension units):

- up to 3 meters ±6mm
- 3 meters to 4.5 meters ±9mm
- 4.5 meter to 6 meters ±12mm
additional deviation for every
- subsequent 6 meters ±6mm
5) Cross section and openings (each direction):

- up to 500 mm ±6mm
- 500 mm up to 750 mm ±9mm
additional deviation for every
- subsequent 250 mm ±3mm
6) Straightness or bow and plumbers to height:

- Up to 3 meters ±6mm
- 3 meters to 6 meters ±9mm
- 6 meters to 12 meters ±12mm
- 12 meter and more ±20mm
7) Square ness. Measured with the longer side as base. Length of the short side:

- Up to 1.2 meters ±6mm

- 1.2 meter to 1.8 meters ±12mm
8) Twist:

- Up to 600 mm wide and up to 6 meters

- lit length ±6mm
- Over 600 mm wide and for any length ±12mm
9) Floor Levels

- Maximum deviation ±5rnm

3.13. Lift Shafts

Irrespective of the above given allowable deviation the maximum allowable deviation for
walls in lift shafts, at any point from the bottom to the top is: ±12mm.

3.14. FLINCOAT

The application of flincoat shall be followed the instruction of manufacturer's data sheet.

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3.15. PVC WATERPROOFING SHEET

1) Substrate Preparation: Ensure the stone base on which the sheet is to be applied is properly
compacted; free from sharp stones or others objects which could damage the sheet.
2) Ensure that the concrete: Over which the membrane will be applied is stable clean and dry
smooth surface and free of undulation.
3) Waterproofing Sheet Application
4) Under Concrete Ground Floor Slab
5) Lay a layer of PVC sheet over the prepared area. Cut PVC sheet and provide 200mm down
fold along ground beam. Overlap PVC sheets by 200mm minimum and apply purpose-made
self adhesive strips between sheets.

3.16. Waterproofing membrane

1) Apply primer to the whole surface of binding. Blow touch the membrane to the binding in a
single layer.
2) ON THE CONCRETE TERRACE, GUTTER AND TOILET.
3) Lay The Sheet As To The Manufacturer's Instructions

3.17. JOINT

1) At the construction joints shown on Drawings or specified by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC, epoxy resin bonding agent approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC shall
be applied to hardened concrete surface before placing new fresh concrete.
2) The gap at the expansion joints shown on Drawings or specified by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC shall be filled with sealing compound (polyurethane based) or other material
specified by Engineer.

4. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

4.1. LEAN CONCRETE

4.1.1. Measurement
1) Lean concrete shall be measured by the number of cubic meters of the required grade
completed in place. In computing quantities, the dimensions used shall be those shown on the
Drawings or ordered in writing by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, but the measurement
shall not include any concrete used for the construction of temporary works.
2) Formworks and false work installed are incidental to the Work and shall not be measured for
payment.

4.1.2. Payment
1) The payment shall be made against the unit rate of lean concrete in cubic meter shown in the
Bill of Quantities.
2) Price to be paid shall constitute full payment for all labor, materials, tools and equipment and
all material for testing and incidental works necessary for the completion of the work.

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4.2. REINFORCED CONCRETE

4.2.1. Measurement
1) Unless otherwise noted, structural concrete for buildings and utility works shall be measured in
cubic meter calculated from dimensions shown on the Drawings or authorized in writing by the
Engineer and the Project/DOC.

- No deduction shall be made for volume of concrete displaced by reinforcing steel, structural
steel, or concrete poles.
2) No deduction shall be made for volume of concrete displaced by drainage openings, weep
holes, or ducts less than 0.1 m2 in cross sectional area.
3) Cooling of concrete and providing protection against hot weather as well as to heating of
concrete and is its protection against cool weather shall not be measured for payment and are
considered incidental to work.
4) Supply and installation of concrete fasteners, plastic sheets, anchor bolts, washers and nuts
shall not be measured for payment and shall be considered incidental to work unless otherwise
specified.
5) Supply and placement of grout, joint filler, sealants at joints, saw-cutting and neoprene pads
shall be incidental to relevant work and shall not be measured for payment.
6) Formworks, scaffoldings and false work installed are incidental to the Work and shall not be
measured for payment.
7) Steels reinforcement, Chairs, spacers, hangers and splice lengths are incidental to the work and
shall not be measured for payment.
8) Setting out the Work shall not be measured separately. The cost shall be deemed as part of and
incidental to the foundation works.
9) Cost of all testing and records to be made shall be deemed included in the payment of others
appropriate items of the BoQs.

4.2.2. Payment
The payment shall be made against the unit rate per cubic meter of concrete shown in the Bill
of Quantities.

4.3. PC SOLID PLANK SLAB

4.3.1. Measurement
The measurement for the PC solid plank slab shall be in square meter of the area of floor slab.

4.3.2. Payment
The payment for the PC solid plank slab works shall be made as to the unit rates per square
meter of the area of slab, as shown in the Bill of Quantities.

4.4. WATERPROOFING MEMBRANES

4.4.1. Measurement
The measurement shall be made in square meter of the area of slab/terrace/ gutter/ toilet
covered.

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4.4.2. Payment
The payment shall be made as to the unit rates per square meter of the area of slab, terrace,
gutter, toilet covered.

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 HEIP_TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PART I)

SECTION 8: STEEL STRUCTURE WORKS

1. GENERAL

1.1. SCOPE OF WORKS

Not being limitative, this section covers the following works of steel structures and metal
works:

- supply and construction of door and window steel frames, steel screen, steel barriers.
- supply and construction of steel hand rails.
- supply and construction of steel trusses.
- supply and installation of prefabricated stainless steel elevated water tank and supports.
- supply and construction of steel grating on concrete gutter.
- supply and construction of rafter and purling.
- others…

1.2. CONTRACTOR'S RESPONSIBILITY/ SHOP DRAWINGS

1) The contractor furnishes all labors, supervisors, materials, equipment, and all consumables
required for performing all operations in the supply, fabrication and installation of structural
steel, and miscellaneous metal work as specified and shown on the Drawings.
2) The Contractor shall submit shop drawings for the whole of the steelwork to the Engineer and
the Project/DOC for approval. All such drawings shall show the dimension of all parts, method
of construction, welding sectional areas and all other details. Where welds are used, either at
shops or on site, they shall as possible, be continued and returned around any meeting face to
ensure that the joints are completely sealed against corrosion.
3) The details of connections on shop drawings shall be such as to minimize formation of pockets
to hold condensation, water or dirt and the like.
4) The materials shall not be ordered nor fabrication commenced until the Engineer and the
Project/DOC in writing approves such shop drawings.
5) The Contractor shall be responsible for all errors of detailing, fabrications and for correct
assemblies of the structural members.

1.3. TESTING

The Contractor shall furnish certified report, in triplicate, of the tests for each type of steel
from which the material is to be fabricated. The certification shall contain the results of
chemical and physical tests required by the Specifications for the material. In the event of the
results of any test are not in conformance with the requirements of these Specifications or any
case from time to time, the Engineer and the Project/DOC reserves the right to request the
Contractor to make additional test in accordance with ASTM or JIS or equivalent
requirements.

2. MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT

2.1. Structural Members

The types of steels used and the related standards are shown in Table 6.1 below.

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Table 6.1: Materials Specifications

Material Standard

Structural Steel ASTM A36, JIS G3101. Grande SS400 or

equivalent

High Strength Bolt ASTM A325, JIS B 1186 F8T or equivalent

Mild Steel Bolt ASTM A307, JIS B 1180 Grande 4.6 or

equivalent

Steel Angle for Structural Use LE 50x50x5, Gr. B, JIS G 3444. STK400 or
equivalent

Welding Electrode AWS-45. 1 or JIS Z 3211 or equivalent

Anchor Bolt ASTM 307, JIS G 3101, Grande SS 400 or

equivalent

2.2. Paints

Anti-corrosion paint:

- One (1) coating (layer) of anti-rust paints

- Two (2) coating (layers) of oil-based metal paints
The oil-based metal paints should be applied after anti-rust paint coating is dry from first
coating. The oil-based metal paints should be of corrosion category C5 or C5M.

3. EXECUTION

3.1. GENERAL

1) Cutting, bending and punching holes to structural steel shall be carried out by mechanical tools
only, no heating is allowed.
2) When any structural member length is shorter than required length specified in Drawings, the
connection of the two pieces shall be approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

3.2. CONNECTIONS BY BOLTS

Bolted connections shall be used only as indicated by the plans or special provisions. Bolts
shall have single self-locking nuts or double nuts unless otherwise shown on the plans or in
the special provisions. Beveled washers shall be used where bearing faces have a slope of
more than 1: 20 with respect to a plane normal to the bolt axis.

3.3. WELDING

1) All welding shall be electric welding and shall comply with the requirements of AWS or JIS or
equivalent Standard Specifications. Automatic or semi-automatic submerged arc process may
be permitted for shop welding in flat position. The wire electrodes shall adapt to the type of
structural steel according to the manufacturer's instruction manuals or leaflets. All shop joints
in plates and sections must be full penetration butt welds with edge preparation according to
the standard and the weld procedure for the given plate thickness. The place of such joints must
be shown on the workshop drawings and approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC .

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2) The temperature of steels welded shall not be less than 10ºC when welding is commenced.
Electrodes and fluxes shall used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
3) Unless otherwise described in the Contract, all butt welds shall be complete penetration welds
made between prepared fusion faces. In the fabrication of built-up assemblies, all butt welds in
each component part shall be completed, whenever possible, before the final assembly.
4) The position of the welds required for temporary attachments shall be agreed by the Engineer
and the Project/DOC before the work commences.
5) No welding shall be carried out on wet surface or at temperature below 10oc.

3.3.1. Welding Plant

The Contractor shall have at least 10KW generator and 150A welding plant and metal cutter.
The Contractor shall supply the instruments for verifying voltages and current as and when
required by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

3.3.2. Qualification and Testing of Welders

Welders shall show evidence to the satisfaction of the Engineer and the Project/DOC of
having satisfactorily completed appropriate tests.

3.3.3. Supervision of Welding

Welding shall be carried out only under the direction of an experienced and competent
supervisor. Unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC a record shall be
kept to enable major butt welds to be identified with the welders responsible for the work, but
finished work.

3.3.4. Weld Repairs

Any welding condemned by the Engineer and the Project/DOC shall be cut out and re-welded
to his entire satisfaction.

3.4. SHOP ASSEMBLING

The field connections of main members of trusses, arches, continuous beam spans, bents,
towers, plate girders, rigid frames and other structures shall be pre-assembled in the shop.

3.5. FIXINGS

3.5.1. Misfits
1) The correction of minor misfits involving harmless amounts of reaming, cutting and chipping
will be considered a legitimate part of the erection. However, any error in the shop fabrication
or deformation resulting from handling and transportation, which prevents the proper
assembling and fitting up of parts by the moderate use of drift pins or by a moderate amount of
reaming and slight chipping or cutting, shall be reported immediately to the Engineer and the
Project/DOC and his approval or the method obtained. The corrections shall be made in his
presence. If the contract provides for the complete fabrication and erection, the Contractor shall
be responsible for all misfits, errors and injuries and shall be made the necessary corrections
and replacements. If the contract is for erection only, the Engineer and the Project/DOC with
the cooperation of the Contractor shall keep a correct record of labor and materials used for the
repair and the Contractor shall render within 30 days an itemized bill for the approval of the
Engineer and the Project/DOC.
2) Areas of paint which have been damaged shall be cleaned to bare metal, and the edges of the
undamaged paint beveled with sandpaper. Where a metal coating has been damaged, the
affected area shall be rubbed down to remove excessive roughness, cleaned and made good by
the application of coats of an approved zinc-rich prior to a minimum dry film thickness of 100
microns. The full specified painting system, excepting blast or etch primers which may be
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omitted at the recommendation of the paint manufacturer, shall then be applied in such a
manner that the new paint overlaps he existing paint by at least 50 mm all-round the affected
part.

3.5.2. Field Painting

After erection, exposed and unpainted surfaces of field connections, and areas adjacent to
field connections and damaged areas shall be painted according to the same standards
required for the shop painting.

3.5.3. Final Clean Up

Upon completion of the work, leave premises neat and clean, to the satisfaction of the
Engineer and the Project/DOC.

3.6. PAINTINGS

Trial panels of the proposed paint shall be made to confirm suitability. The Contractor in
order to avoid any runs or poor quality of finishing and/or stains shall carefully carry out all
painting.
The finished surface even before painting shall show a smooth, level and uniform finish, free
from any stain and shall be uniform in color and shade.

3.7. TOLERANCES

3.7.1. Straightness
Compression members shall not deviate from straightness by more than 1/1000 of the axial
length between points which are to be laterally supported.

3.7.2. Length
Members to be framed to other steel parts of the structures may have a variation from the
detailed length not greater than 2 mm for members 10 m or less in length, and not greater than
3 mm for members over 10 m in length.

4. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

4.1. GENERAL

1) No payment shall be made for doors and windows in this section. The contractor shall include
their cost in appropriate items of the Bill of Quantities.
2) The unit prices shall constitute full payments for all labors, materials, tools and equipment and
all incidentals like false works, scaffoldings, etc. necessary for the successful completion of the
work.
3) Supply and placement of grout and anchor bolts are including in the works and shall not be
measured for payment separately.

4.2. STEEL TRUSS, RAFTERS, PURLINS, AND HAND RAILS

4.2.1. Measurement
The quantities to be paid for shall be measured in square meter, linear meter or tons of works
completed. Anchor, back frames, anchor bolts, anchor plates, gussets and joiners necessary
for the completion of the works but not shown in the Drawings, paintings… shall be included
at the price.

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4.2.2. Payment
The payment shall be made as to the unit rate shown in the Bill of Quantity.

4.3. ELEVATED WATER TANK

4.3.1. Measurement
The measurement shall consist to check all the work has been really done.

4.3.2. Payment
The payment shall be made as to the unit rate shown in the Bill of Quantity.
The cost shall also include tank, support, pipe and fittings, water levels control (float) and all
electrical connection for control as well as painting.

4.4. STEEL GRATING ON CONRETE GUTTER

4.4.1. Measurement
The measurement shall be made in square meter of grating installed.

4.4.2. Payment
The payment shall be made as to the unit rate per square meter shown in the Bill of Quantity.
The price shall include gratings, frames, anchors, bolts, and all other necessary works.

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SECTION 9: METAL ROOFING WORKS

1. DESCRIPTION
This specification covers material, fabrication and installation requirements for
preformed, finished metal roofing for buildings.

1.1. GENERAL

1.1.1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1) Steel and aluminum roofing and ceiling panels and accessories to be provided shall be
from manufacturers that routinely produce commercial quality metal roofing and
paneling. The manufacturers shall specialize in designing and manufacturing the type of
roofing and ceiling panels specified in this section, and shall have a minimum of 5 years
of documented successful experience. The manufacturers shall have the facilities capable
of meeting contract requirements with single-source responsibility and warranty.
2) Roof and ceiling panels shall be either steel or aluminum as required by drawings and shall
have a factory color finish meeting the specified requirements.
3) System for securing the roof and ceilings to structural framing members shall be concealed
clip fastening system with non-penetrating fasteners or exposed penetrating fastener type,
as indicated on the drawings or in accordance with manufactures’ requirements as
approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
4) The length of roofing sheets shall be sufficient to cover the entire length of any unbroken
roof slope. Provisions shall be made for expansion and contraction.
5) Panels shall be formed without warping, waviness or ripples that are not part of the panel
profile and shall be free of damage to the finish coating system.
6) The units and all framing, incidentals and accessories shall be provided from the same
manufacturer and shall be components that are routinely provided by the manufacturer.

2. ROOFING
All building roofing systems, including roofing accessories, gutters, down spouts and steel
wire ball strainers, shall be provided, by the same manufacturer that will be
responsible for all shop drawings and warranty.

2.1. ROOFING DOWN SPOUTS

1) Roof drainage down spouts shall be steel piping or PVC rain water pipes of the size
indicated on the drawings, complete including elbows and offsets, fasteners and wire ball
strainers.
2) Provide down spout gutter outlets with stainless steel wire ball strainers of a standard
type and in accordance with drawing requirements.
3) Unless otherwise shown on the drawings, position of downspouts should not less than 12 mm
away from walls.
4) Fasten downspouts to the walls at top, bottom, and intermediately along the wall.
Intermediate fastening shall not exceed 1500 mm on centers.
5) Straps and fasteners shall be from a metal that is compatible with the downspouts.

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2.2. DEFINITIONS

1) Roofing System: A roofing system is defined as the assembly of roofing components,

including roofing panels, flashing, fasteners, and accessories which when assembled properly
result in a watertight installation.
2) Corrugated Sheet: Metal sheets with finish coating system that is bent into standard
corrugated shapes by roll forming.
3) Finish Coating System: Factory-applied, organic coating system that is applied over sheets.
4) Panel: One of series of standard-sized units produced by factory cutting of longer lengths of
corrugated sheet, ready for installation as preformed metal roofing or ceiling.

3. MATERIALS

3.1. COATED STEEL ROOF PANELS

3.1.1. SHAPE
Panels shall have the cross-sectional profile and depth as indicated on the drawings or a
similar configuration as approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

3.1.2. MATERIAL AND COATING

1) Steel panels shall be fabricated form sheets of steel conforming to ASTM A 653M,
Structural Grade 40.
2) Galvanized coating:

- In conformance with ASTM A 924M, Class Z275 G-90,

- Or an aluminium-zinc alloy conforming to ASTM A 792M, (except that coating chemical
composition shall be approximately 55 percent aluminium, 1.6 percent silicon, and 43.4
percent zinc with minimum coating weight of 0.15 kilograms per square meters).

3.2. CORRUGATED SHEET THICKNESS

A minimum of 0.35 mm but in no case lighter than required to meet maximum deflection
requirements specified herein.

3.3. FACTORY COLOR FINISH

Provide factory applied, baked coating to the exterior and interior of metal panels and metal
accessories in accordance with the following:

- Provide exterior finish topcoat of 70 percent polyvinylidene fluoride resin with not less
than a 0.025 mm dry film thickness.
- Provide an exterior primer that is standard with panel manufacturer with not less than a
0.020 mm dry film thickness.
- The interior finish shall consist of the same coating and dry film thickness as the exterior
coating.
- Provide factory-applied clear edge coating on all factory-cut or unfinished panels.
- The finished panel color shall be a standard manufacture color in accordance with colors
indicated on the drawings and approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

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3.4. COATED PANELS

3.4.1. SHAPE
Panels shall have the cross-sectional profile and depth as indicated on the drawings or a
similar configuration as approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

3.4.2. MATERIAL AND COATING

Aluminum alloy panels shall be fabricated form sheets of Alloy 3004 or Alclad 3004
conforming to ASTM B 209M having proper temper to suit respective forming operations.

3.4.3. FACTORY COLOR FINISH

Provide factory applied, baked coating to the exterior and interior of panels and metal
accessories in accordance with the following:

- Provide exterior finish top coat of 70 percent polyvinylidene fluoride resin with not less
than 0.025 mm dry film thickness.
- Provide exterior primer standard with panel manufacturer not less than 0.020 mm dry film
thickness.
- Interior finish shall consist of the same coating and dry film thickness as the exterior
coating.
- Provide factory-applied clear edge coating on all factory-cut or unfinished panel edges.
- The finished panel color shall be a standard manufacture color in accordance with colors
indicated on the drawings and approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

4. ALUMINUM SUPPORTS AND FRAMING

Aluminum supports and framing members, including Aluminum panel support beams, shall
be the size indicated on the drawings and be fabricated from material meeting
requirements of ASTM B 221M.

4.1. ACCESSORIES

4.1.1. GENERAL
1) Provide sheet metal flashing, trim moldings, closure strips, caps, gutters, and other
preformed metal panel accessories, of same material and finish as panels, except accessories
that are concealed after installation, and are aluminum or zinc- coated steel may be provided
unfinished.
2) Unless otherwise indicated on the drawings metal accessories shall be fabricated with a
metal thickness not less than that of panels.
3) Provide molded closure strips of closed-cell or solid-cell synthetic rubber, neoprene, or
polyvinyl chloride pre-molded to match configurations of preformed metal panels.

4.1.2. GUTTERS
1) Provide gutters complete with mitered corners, end pieces and special pieces that may be
required.
2) Expansion-type slip joints shall be provided at the center of the runs and at intervals of
not more 12,200-mm.
3) Provide watertight seal at all other joints.
4) Provide hangers and fastenings from a metal compatible with the gutters. Space hangers
not more than 900 mm apart.

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4.2. FASTENERS

1) Provide fasteners for attaching panels to structural supports and to adjoining panels as
approved and in accordance with printed manufacturer's recommendations; unless specified
otherwise, fasteners may be any of the following:

- self-tapping screws,
- bolts and nuts and self-locking rivets,
- self-locking bolts,
- end-welded studs,
- bolted or riveted studs, and
- stem rivets held by aluminum straps.

2) Fasteners shall be stainless steel, cadmium plated steel, or zinc cast-head for steel and
stainless steel for aluminum panels.
3) Fasteners except those having integral hexagonal washer heads and those having aluminum
drive caps, shall have composite metal and neoprene washers.
4) Provide fasteners having integral hexagonal washer heads and fasteners having aluminum
drive caps with polychloroprene washers.

4.2.1. SCREWS
Screws shall not be less than 6 mm self-tapping type or self-drilling type.

4.2.2. STUD WELDING

Stud welding shall be with shouldered type studs with minimum shank diameter of 4.76
mm and with cap or nut for holding preformed metal panels against shoulder.

4.2.3. POWDER-ACTUATED FASTENERS

Powder actuated fasteners shall be fastened using powder-actuated tools. They shall be
provided with shank diameter of adequate size to support loads imposed and 13-mm shank
length for fastening panels to steel and 25 mm to concrete.

4.2.4. BLIND RIVETS

Blind rivets shall be stainless steel with nominal 5 mm diameter shank or aluminum with
nominal 5 mm diameter shank. Provide thread-stem-type rivets for other than fastening
of trim. Close rivets with hollow stems.

4.2.5. BOLTS
Bolts shall have a minimum 6 mm diameter and shouldered or plain shank nuts.

4.3. JOINT-SEALING MATERIAL

1) Elastomeric type containing no oils or asphalt.

2) Exposed sealant shall cure to a rubber like consistency.
3) Concealed sealant shall be the non-hardening type.
4) Seam sealant shall be factory-applied, non-skinning, non-drying, and shall conform to the
manufacturer's recommendations.
5) Silicone-based sealants shall not be used in contact with finished metal panels and
components.

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6) Sealant tape: Polyvinyl chloride closed cell foam tape composed of 99 percent solids in a
base of butyl polyisobutylene rubber. Compressible adhesive-cohesive butyl polyisobutylene
rubber tape or other materials recommended by the manufacturer and approved by the
Engineer and the Project/DOC.

4.4. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

4.4.1. GENERAL
1) Weathering Test: Sample of finished-coated sheet shall withstand weathering test for
minimum of 2,000 hours in accordance with ASTM G 23 or ASTM G 26 without
cracking, peeling, blistering, and loss of adhesion of finish coating system or corrosion of
base metal. Finish coating system that can be readily removed from base metal with
penknife blade or similar instrument shall be considered to indicate loss of adhesion.
2) Abrasion Resistance Test: When subjected to the falling sand test in accordance with
ASTM D 968, coating system shall withstand minimum of 50 liters of sand per mil of
coating thickness before appearance of base metal.
3) Humidity Test: When subjected to humidity cabinet test in accordance with ASTM D 2247
for 1,000 hours, factory-finished, organic-coated panel shall show no signs of blistering,
cracking, creepage, or corrosion with no loss of adhesion.

4.4.2. ROOFING SYSTEM PANELS

1) Deflection for roofing panels: When subjected to full dead and wind loads, steel roof panels
shall not deflect more than 1/180 of panels' clear span.
2) Wind Uplift for Roofing Panels: Resistance to wind uplift from winds of 160
kilometers/hour. Roof system and attachments shall resist wind loads, with a factor of
safety appropriate for the material holding the anchors.

5. SUBMITTALS
1) Submit the following for review and approval by the Engineer and the Project/DOC/Project
Manager, prior to ordering materials:

- Catalog cuts technical data sheets, and descriptive literature for the following:
- Panels
- Accessories
- Fasteners
- Sample warranty certificate
- Sample of ceiling and roof panel material, with complete final coating application.
2) Shop drawings shall be provided in accordance with the following:

- Drawings shall show panels, fasteners, supports, flashing, curbs, gutters, downspouts and
closures.
- Drawings shall be thorough and show typical and special conditions including flashing,
materials and thickness, dimensions, fixing lines, anchoring methods, sealant locations,
sealant locations, fastener layout, sizes, and spacing, terminations, penetrations,
attachments, accessories and provisions for thermal movement.
- The Contractor shall assure that all shop drawings are coordinated with other
manufactured items and other construction aspects of the Works.
- Prior to submitting shop drawings, have drawings reviewed and approved by the
manufacturer's technical engineering department.

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- Shop drawings in accordance with the above provisions shall be provided for each building
roof.
- Manufacturer’s installation instructions and procedures.
3) Manufacturer’s laboratory test reports for the following:

- Weathering test
- Abrasion resistance test
- Humidity test
4) Color Selection Samples

- Submit samples of each color indicated. When colors are not indicated, submit a minimum
of eight different samples of manufacturer's standard colors for selection.

6. INSTALLATION

6.1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1) Obtain approval of the Engineer and the Project/DOC before installation.

2) The Contractor shall have a representative from the manufacturer assigned to oversee
and supervise the work. The representative shall be thoroughly familiar with the products
and installations in the geographical area where construction will take place and have
authorization from manufacturer to approve field changes, without affecting the
manufacturer’s warranty.
3) Install panels of roofing systems and ceilings in accordance with manufacturer's approved
installation instructions, and approved drawings.
4) Where panels are cut in field or where factory-applied coating is damaged, repairs shall be
made with material of same type and color as finish coating.
5) Correct defects in materials. Remove defective materials which cannot be corrected, and
provide non-defective materials.
6) Provide molded closure strips whenever panels terminate with open ends after installation.
7) Apply roofing system panels with longitudinal configurations in the direction of the roof
slope. Lay side laps away from prevailing wind, and seal side and end laps with joint-
sealing material.
8) Flash seal roof panels at ridge, eaves, rakes, and at projections through roof.
9) Provide closure strips, flashing and sealing material to achieve complete weather- tightness.
10) Provide flashing, related closures, and accessories with preformed metal panels to provide
watertight installation.
11) Install flashing, related closure, and accessories indicated in accordance with panel
manufacturer's printed instructions and details or approved shop drawings.
12) Provide fastener with spacing in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations.

6.2. PROTECTION FROM DISSIMILAR MATERIALS

6.2.1. DISSIMILAR METALS

1) Where material components are in contact with or fastened to dissimilar metals, give such
dissimilar metals one of the following treatments:

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- A heavy brush coat of primer followed by two coats of aluminum metal and masonry
paint.
- A heavy coat of alkali-resistant bituminous paints.
- Separate contact surfaces with non-absorptive tape or gasket.

6.2.2. CONTACT WITH MASONRY

Where material components are in contact with masonry, concrete or plaster, apply a
heavy coat of alkali-resistant bituminous paint.

6.2.3. CONTACT WITH WOOD

Where material components are in contact with wood or other absorptive material
subject to wetting, or with wood treated with a preservative, seal joints with sealing
compound and apply one heavy brush coat of bituminous paint.

6.2.4. PROTECTION OF APPLIED ROOFING

1) Do not permit storing, walking, wheeling and trucking directly on applied roofing materials.
2) Provide temporary walkways, runways and platforms of smooth clean boards or planks as
necessary to avoid damage to applied roofing materials, and to distribute weight.

6.2.5. CLEANING
1) Clean exposed sheet metal work at completion of installation.
2) Remove metal shavings, filings, nails, bolts and wires.
3) Remove grease and oil films, excess sealant, handling marks, contamination from steel wool,
fittings and drilling debris and scrub the work clean.
Exposed metal surfaces shall be free of dents, creases, waves, scratch marks, and solder or
weld marks

6.3. DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

1) Carefully deliver, store and handle panels and other manufactured products.
2) Stack materials stored on site on platforms or pallets, and cover with tarpaulins or other
weather tight covering.
3) Store panels and accessories so that water, which may have accumulated during transit or
storage, drains off.
4) Do not store panels or accessories in contact with materials that might cause staining.
Inspect materials upon arrival at job site. If wet, remove moisture, re-stack and protect
until used.

7. WARRANTY
1) Furnish manufacturer's warranty for the roofing and ceiling panel systems.
2) The warranty period shall be not less than 3 years from the date of acceptance of the work.
3) The warranty shall cover the repair or replacement of the defective materials and correction
of the defective workmanship that become necessary because of defective materials and
workmanship while roofing is under warranty.

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SECTION 10: MISCELLANEOUS METALS WORKS

1. SCOPE OF WORK
This Specification section provides material and installation requirements for metal, steel,
aluminum, iron as well as machinery items of the Works that are not specified elsewhere
in the Technical Specifications. In addition, it provides supplementary requirements for
metal and aluminum work addressed by other Specification sections.

1.1. COMMENSURATE SPECIFICATION SECTIONS

This Specification section relates to some of the provisions contained in the following
noted specification sections. These Specification sections should be reviewed in
conjunction with the provisions of this Specification section. If any discrepancy exists
between requirements of this Specification section and requirements contained in the
specification sections listed, the more stringent requirement shall govern, unless otherwise
approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

- Specification section titled: “Structural Steel”

- Specification section titled: “Roll Up Metal Doors”
- Specification section titled: “Aluminium Doors, Windows and Louvers”
- Specification section titled: “Painting”
- Specification section titled: “Metal Roofing”
- Specification section titled: “Ceiling”

2. SUBMITTALS
1) The Contractor shall provide shop drawings that show size, welding details, thickness
and gauge of all materials and all installation details. Field dimensions shall be
specifically noted on the shop drawings.
2) Unless otherwise approved in writing by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, the Contractor
shall furnish a mill certified report, in triplicate, of the tests for each material to be utilized in
the work. The certification shall contain the results of chemical and physical tests.
3) The Contractor shall submit three (3) samples of all materials to be supplied under this
Section for approval, unless otherwise approved in writing by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC.
4) The Contractor shall submit samples of concrete masonry nails to the Engineer and the
Project/DOC for approval.

3. COORDINATION
1) The Contractor shall completely coordinate the work of this Section with other works of
the Contract. The Contractor shall verify, at the site both the dimensions and work of other
aspects of the work, which adjoin metal materials before installation of items herein
specified. Field measurements shall be taken at the site and incorporated in the shop
drawings.
2) The Contractor shall furnish all necessary templates and patterns required.

4. MATERIALS
Unless otherwise specified or approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, materials
used in the work shall conform to the following requirements:

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4.1. FABRICATION

1) All metal work shall be formed true to detail, with clean, straight, sharply defined profiles,
and smooth surfaces of uniform color and texture and be free from defects impairing
strength or durability.
2) Connections and accessories shall be of sufficient strength to safely withstand stresses and
strains to which they will be subjected.
3) Accessories and connections to steel or cast iron shall be steel, unless otherwise specified.
4) Threaded connections shall be made so that the threads are concealed by fittings.
5) Welded joints shall be rigid and continuously welded or spot-welded. The face of welds shall
be dressed flush and ground smooth. Welds, not to be ground, shall be so noted on the
drawings. Exposed joints shall be close fitting and joined where least conspicuous.
6) All welding shall be performed in accordance with requirements and procedures stipulated in
the Specification section titled “Structural Steel”.

4.2. FINISHES

1) All steel work shall be thoroughly cleaned, by effective means, of all loose mill scale, rust,
grease and foreign matter and shall be given one shop coat of paint after fabrication but
before shipping. Shop painting shall be in accordance with the Specifications section titled
"Painting". Paint shall be applied to dry surfaces and shall be thoroughly and evenly spread
and well-worked into joints and open spaces. Abrasions in field erection shall be touched up
with primer immediately after erection. .
2) Galvanized surfaces shall not be painted, unless noted otherwise.
3) Casting shall receive a coat of coal-tar pitch varnish before shipments. The varnish shall
present a smooth finish and shall be tough but not brittle.
4) Galvanizing shall conform to the Standard Specifications titled "Galvanizing".
5) All exposed aluminum surfaces shall have satin finish, free from die markings, scratches,
welding discoloration, "leave-off-marks" or other surface blemishes. Unless otherwise
specified, aluminum shall be given an anodic oxide treatment in accordance with the
Aluminum Association Specification AA-C22-A31 or JIS H8601, "Anodic Oxidation
Coating on Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys" and JIS H8602, "Coating Combined with
Anodic Oxidation and Organic Finishing on Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys". Aluminum,
which after installation will be exposed to severe corrosive conditions or wearing, shall have
a finish equal to the Aluminum Association Specification AA-C22-A41. A coating of
methacrylate lacquer shall be applied to all aluminum before shipment from the factory.
6) All exposed stainless steel surfaces shall be polished finish, free from die markings, welding
discoloration or other surface blemishes.

4.3. INSTALLATION

1) The Contractor shall install all items furnished including items to be embedded in concrete or
masonry.
2) Items, to be attached to concrete or masonry after such work is completed, shall be
installed in accordance with the details shown. Fastening to wood plugs in concrete or
masonry will not be permitted. The Contractor may use plastic or fiber covered lead
inserts.
3) All aluminum surfaces to come in contact with concrete or masonry shall receive a heavy
protective coating of approved bitumen applied in a neat manner. All aluminum surfaces
to come in contact with dissimilar metals shall receive a heavy brush coat of zinc -

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chromate primer followed by two coats of aluminum paint and a fabric separator. The
dissimilar metal surface shall receive two coats of masonry paint.

4.4. BOLTS AND NUTS

1) Unfinished bolts shall have hexagonal heads and hexagonal nuts. The bolts shall be long
enough to extend entirely through the nut but not more than four (4) threads beyond.
Washers under nuts 6666666666 be furnished, but will not be required under the heads of
bolts unless required by the drawings.
2) Threads for all nuts and bolts shall comply with ANSI Bl.1, "Unified Screw Threads",
coarse thread, UNC class 3A or JIS 80205, "Metric Coarse Screw Threads".
3) Anchor bolts, with or without pipe sleeves, shall be in accordance with the details shown and
include washers and hexagonal nuts.
4) Bolts shall be of the hot dip galvanized type.
5) Bolt and nut threads shall be galvanized and shall conform to ANSI Bl-1, Class 2A or JIS
B0205
6) Screw and bolt anchors, that are not shown, shall be cinch anchors, raw or of the slug-in
type. Anchors shall be minimum "two unit" type. Toggle bolts shall be galvanized.

4.5. NAIL AND SPIKES

Nails and spikes shall be of the proper type, of new wire of adequate size and number to
securely fasten and hold member in place. Samples of concrete masonry nails shall be
submitted to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for approval and shall be of the corrugated
or split type. Cut nails will not be accepted for masonry nails.

5. MISCELLANEOUS SHAPES
1) Miscellaneous shapes shall include but not be limited to cover plates, floor plates, angles,
channels, bars, steel fence materials, tubular and non-tubular steel railing, gate and fencing
ornamental steel, and metal anchors for embedment in concrete or masonry.
2) Miscellaneous shapes shall be of mild steel conforming to ASTM A36 M or JIS G3101,
unless stated otherwise. All material shall be in accordance with the details shown or
specified.

5.1. RAILINGS

1) Railings and gates indicated to be steel shall be constructed from prefabricated shapes and
sizes as indicated on the drawings from steel conforming to ASTM A36 M or JIS G3101.
2) Railing posts shall be set in boxed out sleeves, or pipe sleeves. Posts shall be grouted in
using grout material in accordance with the Specification section titled “Mortar, Plaster and
Grouts”. Attachments to vertical surfaces shall be as shown on the drawings.
3) Painting shall be in accordance applicable requirements of the Specification section titled
“Painting”.

5.2. GRATINGS

1) Floor and exterior grating, in non traffic locations, shall be mild steel and of the type, depth
and thickness required or shown on the drawings.
2) Floor grating that is not defined on the drawings shall be designed for a minimum live load of
488 kg/m2 with a maximum deflection, not to exceed L/180.
3) Dimensions of grating shall include proper clearances for erection and removal purposes.
4) Grating, set in concrete, shall rest on embedded steel angle frames.
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5) Grating shall be field attached with approved clips and anchors; field welding will not be
permitted.
6) Grating, in the final position, shall have all surfaces firmly bearing.
7) Surface finish shall be either galvanized in accordance with the Specification section
titled “Galvanizing” or painting in accordance with the Specification section titled
“Painting” as indicated on the drawings. If no surface finish is indicated, gratings shall
be painted in accordance with the Specification section titled “Painting” with a color
approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

6. MANHOLE AND WALL LADDER RUNGS

1) Manhole and wall ladder step rungs shall be cast iron or ductile iron; fabricated to the details
shown. All rungs shall be hot dip galvanized. The step surface of all rungs shall be of the
non-slip type and be of drop section design. The step section shall be a minimum of 15 cm.
from the vertical surface
2) Each rung shall be manufactured to safely hold a weight equal to 450 kilograms, when
embedded in masonry or concrete. The top rung shall be placed no more than 15 cm. from
the top surface and the lowest rung shall be placed a maximum of 37.5 cm. from the bottom
surface.
3) Rungs shall be placed 30.48 cm. on center in concrete and masonry; and shall not be
subjected to any loads for a minimum of seven (7) days after placement.

6.1. CAST IRON FRAMES AND COVERS

1) Cast iron frames and covers shall conform to the details shown and be furnished and set by
the Contractor. Frames with flanges shall have equally spaced side braces. Unless noted
otherwise, all covers and grates shall have two (2) lift holes located 180 degrees apart.
2) Frames, covers and grate seats shall be machined to a true plane surface and shall seat firmly
without rocking.
3) Covers required to be watertight shall be provided with a round rubber gasket for the cover
seat.

6.2. WHEEL GATES

1) Wheel gates shall be fabricated as detailed and shown on the drawings of structural grade
steel conforming to ASTM A36 M or JIS G3101. Guides shall also be structural grade steel.
2) Wheels shall be solid cast steel with self-lubricating bronze roller or ball bearings. They shall
be such as to rotate around a fixed shaft, and give easy roll when the screens are moved
vertically. The wheels shall be set so as not to move or wobble on the shaft.

6.3. THRESHOLDS

All thresholds shall be aluminum extrusion. Aluminum shall have a standard mill
finish. Thresholds shall be firmly anchored by means of cinch bolts and screws at a
maximum spacing of 45 cm. (18 in.) on each side. A minimum of three anchors shall be
provided for each of the two sides. Screw anchors shall be 4.5 mm. in diameter by 50 mm.
long, unless noted otherwise.

7. FENCES
Ornamental steel fences shall be in accordance with the details shown and fabricated from
steel conforming to ASTM A36 M or JIS G3101. Locking devices for gates shall be as
detailed, in accordance with hardware requirements or as required by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC. All fencing shall be shop primed and finish painted in accordance with the
Standard Specifications titled "Painting”.

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7.1. STEEL HANGERS

Steel hangers, gusset plates and similar devices shall be fabricated from gauge steel and
be galvanized after fabrication and drilling. Sizes shall be as indicated on the drawings,
or as required by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

8. METAL WATER STORAGE TANKS

1) Water storage tanks to be installed in the Buildings shall be standard, locally available
in oxidable stainless steel units specially fabricated for the purpose of water storage. They
shall be fabricated with necessary connections and openings for incoming and outgoing
water lines, tank drainage and overflow. The units shall be water and air tight with all
openings and removable parts sealed to prevent intrusion of foreign matter.
2) Tanks shall be securely fastened and installed to the building structure using a system of
fasteners, steel shapes and other necessary materials and anchorage devices.
3) Tanks shall be supported by reinforced concrete columns. Dimensions of the columns
shall be as indicated on the drawings, or as required by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
Placement, type, size, shape and grade of steel reinforcement required in accordance with
the Drawings shall refer to Specification section titled ''Reinforcing Steel'' or as directed
by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
4) Tanks shall be protected from damage during storage, and during and after installation.
5) Prior to putting the units in operation, they shall be thoroughly cleaned inside and outside
using an appropriate cleaning system and cleansers as recommended by the manufacturer.
After cleaning, the tank interior shall be thoroughly flushed with potable water.

9. MACHINE WORK

9.1. GENERAL

All tolerances, allowances and gauges of metal fits of cylindrical parts shall conform to ANSI
B4.1 and Errata "Preferred Limits and Fits for Cylindrical Parts", for the class of fit as shown
or otherwise required. In general, tolerances for machine finished surfaces shall be within 0.4
mm. Sufficient machining stock shall be allowed on placing pads to insure surfaces of solid
material. Finished contact or bearing surfaces shall be true and exact to secure full contact.
Journal surfaces shall be polished and all surfaces shall be finished with sufficient
smoothness and accuracy to insure proper operation when assembled. Parts entering any
machine shall be carefully and accurately machined and all like parts shall be
interchangeable. All drilled holes for bolts shall be accurately located.

9.2. FINISHED SURFACES

Where the finish is not indicated or specified, the type of finish shall be that type,
which is most suitable for the surface to which it applies and shall be consistent with the
class of fit, required. Flaws such as scratches, ridges, holes, peaks, cracks or checks which
will make the part unsuitable will be cause for rejection.

9.3. UNFINISHED SURFACES

So far as practicable, all work shall be laid out to secure proper matching of adjoining
unfinished surfaces. Where there is a large discrepancy between adjoining unfinished
surfaces, they shall be chipped and ground smooth, or machined, to secure proper
alignment. Unfinished surfaces shall be true to the lines and dimensions shown on the
drawings and shall be chipped or ground free of all projections and rough spots.
Depressions or holes not affecting the strength or usefulness of the parts may be filled in a
manner approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

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9.4. PIN HOLES

Pinholes shall be bored true to gauges, smooth and straight and at right angles to the axis
of the member. The boring shall be done after the member is securely fastened in position.

9.5. GEARS

Unless otherwise specified or show on the drawings all gears shall have machine cut teeth
of a form conforming to the applicable AGMA or JIS standards.

9.6. SHAFTING

Unless otherwise specified or authorized all shafting shall be turned or ground steel
shafting. Fillets shall be provided where changes in section occur. Cold-finished shafting may
be used, where key seating is the only machine work required. .

9.7. BEARINGS

Unless otherwise specified or shown on the drawings, bearings may be lined with
babbitt or bronze. Babbitt shall conform to ASTM 823, "White Bearing Alloys" or JIS
H5401, "White Metal". Where the bearing pressure is in excess of 14 kg/cm2, bearings shall
be lined with bronze. Unless otherwise required or authorized, pressures on lined bearings
shall not exceed 70 kg/cm2 of projected area. Anti-friction bearings of types and of sizes not
less than those recommended by the bearing manufacturer for the duty may be permitted at
the discretion of the Engineer and the Project/DOC. All bearings shall be properly
aligned and provided with a suitable means for lubrication. Anti-friction bearings shall be so
installed as to provide for lubricant and to exclude dirt and grit.

9.8. PROTECTION OF MACHINED SURFACES

1) Machine finished surfaces shall be thoroughly cleaned of foreign matter. Finished surfaces of
large parts and other surfaces shall be protected with waken pads or other suitable means.
Unassembled pins and bolts shall be oiled and wrapped with moisture resistant paper or
protected by other approved means.
Finished surfaces of ferrous metals that will be exposed after installation shall be painted as
specified in the Specifications section titled "Painting". Corrosion resisting steel, non-
ferrous metal and galvanized surfaces shall not be painted.

9.9. LUBRICATION

Before erection or assembly, all bearing surfaces shall be thoroughly cleaned and
lubricated with approved lubricant. After assembly, all lubricating systems shall be filled
with the lubricant specified, or approved and, as required, additional lubricant shall be
applied at regular intervals to maintain the equipment in satisfactory condition until accepted.

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SECTION 11: MASONRY WORKS

1. GENERAL

1.1. SCOPE OF WORK

1) This section covers the construction of brick walls (220mm and 120mm thick) using locally
made masonry units of clay including accessories such as wall ties, spouts, and the necessary
operations of laying, jointing, cleaning and the like.
a) 220 mm brick wall is 180mm brick wall joined by mortar, sandwiched by cement
pestering of 20mm thickness. Method of laying the 180 mm thickness brick wall shall
be as shown in drawing.
b) 120 mm brick wall is 80mm brick wall joined by mortar, sandwiched by cement
pestering of 20mm thickness. Method of laying the 180 mm thickness brick wall shall
be as shown in drawing.
2) Thickness of brick wall may affect to the depth of frame of certain door and window,
especially wooden door or window which are manufacturing locally based on wall thickness.

1.1 STANDARD AND CODES OF PRACTICES

1) Unless otherwise specified, construct the masonry work in a safe manner using materials and
methods complying with the UBC or equivalent standards.
2) The follows are keys standard of practice to be carried out:

- Carry masonry up level and plumb.

- Furnish and use story poles or gauge rods throughout the work.
- Changes in coursing or bonding after the work is started will not be permitted.
- Do not carry one section of the walls up in advance of the others.
- Check heights of masonry at each floor and at sills and heads of openings to maintain
the level of the walls.
- Build in door and window frames, louvered openings, anchors, pipes, ducts, and conduits as
the masonry work progresses.
- Fill spaces around metal door frames solidly with mortar.
- Handle masonry units with care to avoid chipping, cracking, and spalling of faces and edges.
- Cut masonry with masonry saws for exposed work.
- Structural steelwork, bolts, anchors, inserts, plugs, ties and miscellaneous metalwork
specified elsewhere shall be placed in position as the work progresses.
- Provide chases of approved dimensions for pipes and other purposes where indicated
and where necessary.
- Cover tops of exposed walls and partitions not being worked on with a waterproof
membrane secured in place and extended down at least 600 mm on both sides.
- Inspect scaffolding regularly to ensure that it is amply strong, well braced and securely
tied in position.
- Do not overload scaffolding

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1.2. QUALITY

Before installation commences, obtain and submit the following data:

Manufacturer's published product data, including Technical specifications

- Type test or factory test data.

- Test reports certified by an independent testing authority showing compliance of:
- Compressive strength,
- Transverse strength,
- Characteristic of expansion,
- Fire resistance rating, and
- Acoustic rating

2. MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT

2.1. MASONRY BRICK

1) The sizes of masonry units shall be as shown on the Drawing and/or as herein specified.
Masonry Units that are to be exposed in finished work shall be manufactured to an acceptable
tolerance.
2) Common bricks shall be good, sound, hard, durable, made by an approved local supplier
capable of manufacturing and supplying bricks compiling with this specification and the
relevant UBC. Of particular importance is the compressive strength, transverse strength,
characteristic of expansion, fire resistance rating and acoustic rating.

2.2. APPLICATION

1) Unless indicated or specified otherwise or required by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, lay
brick in running bond.
2) Bricks shall be thoroughly soaked with water before their use.
3) Completely fill joints between bricks with mortar.
4) Form bed joints of a thick layer of mortar slightly furrowed or battered; bevel or pyramid the
bed mortar.
5) Form head joints by applying a full coat of mortar on the brick to be laid.
6) Lay closure bricks with mortar on each bedding surface of unit to be laid and units in
place.
7) Place brick carefully without disturbing brick previously laid.
8) Dry joints will not be permitted.

2.3. MORTAR

1) Cement type : Portland Cement (section 4)

2) Cement Type : A (section 4)
3) Sand : Fine aggregate with low clay content and free from efflorescing salts.
4) Lime : Lime for mortar shall be in the form of lime putty, complying with the
relevant provisions of BS 890 or UBC 21-13.
5) Water : The sulfate content (S03) of the water used in any mix shall not exceed
1500 mg per liter of water.

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The Engineer and the Project/DOC may instruct the Contractor to carry out water analysis to
determine the sulfate content. The water shall be judged acceptable if the sulfate content does
not exceed 1500 mg per liter of water.
Mortar classification schedule

Classification Proportions Cement: Sand Location

Class 1 1:3 or 4 Brick work

Class 2 1:3 Plastering First Layer

Class 3 1:4 Plastering Finishing Layer

3. EXECUTION

3.1. GENERAL

1) Masonry walls shall be carried up level and plumb. Unfinished work shall be stepped back for
joining with new work, toothing will not be permitted, unless otherwise approved. Door and
window openings shall be built in carefully and neatly as the masonry work progresses. Spaces
around metal frames shall be filled solidly with mortar. Drilling, cutting, fitting, and patching,
to accommodate the work of others, shall be performed by experienced personnel. Top of
exposed walls and partitions, not being worked on, shall be covered with a water proof
membrane, secured in place. No portion shall be raised more than a meter above adjacent
portions, except with the approval of the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
2) Scaffolding shall be inspected regularly, and shall be amply strong, well braced, and securely
tied in position. Overloading of scaffolding will not be permitted.

3.2. BRICK WORK

1) Common brick shall be wetted prior to laying, and shall be laid in running bond with stretchers
breaking joints with the course below. Use full size brick to the greatest extent possible in lieu
of broken brick. No piece of brick shorter than 10 cm shall be used at any vertical corner or
jamb. Brick shall be laid with joints approximately 1 cm. thick.
2) Brick masonry shall be tied to adjoining columns with anchors sufficiently long to extend into
the masonry not less than 20 cm. and spaced at 35 cm, unless otherwise approved by the
Engineer and the Project/DOC. on centers or every sixth course whichever is the lesser, unless
otherwise indicated.
3) In joining to existing masonry work, all loose mortar shall be removed and the existing work
wetted before laying new work thereon. Brick masonry upon which plaster is to be applied
shall have joints raked slightly to provide proper bond for plaster.
4) Uniform thickness of 10 mm unless otherwise indicated.
5) Strike flush joints. Tool vertical joints first.
6) Brush joints to remove all loose and excess mortar.
7) Horizontal joints shall be level.
8) Vertical joints shall be plumb and in alignment from top to bottom of wall within a tolerance of
plus or minus 10 mm in 10 m.

3.2.1. APPLICATION
1) Unless indicated or specified otherwise or required by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, lay
brick in running bond.

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2) Bricks shall be thoroughly soaked with water before their use.

3) Completely fill joints between bricks with mortar.
4) Form bed joints of a thick layer of mortar slightly furrowed or battered; bevel or pyramid the
bed mortar.
5) Form head joints by applying a full coat of mortar on the brick to be laid.
6) Lay closure bricks with mortar on each bedding surface of unit to be laid and units in place.
7) Place brick carefully without disturbing brick previously laid.
8) Dry joints will not be permitted.

3.2.2. REINFOCEMENT
1) Opening on the brick wall shall be reinforced with reinforced concrete.
2) Vertically, brick wall is subjected to reinforcement by concrete lintel at space of 3 m high.
3) Horizontally, brick wall is subjected to reinforcement by concrete lintel at space of 5 m.
4) At the intersection of the wall, brick shall be laid in an interlocking manner.
5) Exposed end of the wall shall be reinforced by concrete lintel.
6) Concrete lintel of large open is subject to detail drawing submitted by contractor and is
approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
7) Wooden door frame shall be particularly secured by anchor bolt embedded into concrete frame.
8) Generally, the size of lintel shall be minimally 150 mm length, with its thickness follows
thickness of the wall

3.2.3. BONDING AND ANCHORING

1) Structurally bond or anchor masonry walls and partitions to each other and to concrete walls,
beams and columns.
2) Securely anchor non-load-bearing partitions and interior walls to the construction above in a
manner that provides lateral stability while permitting unrestricted deflection of construction
above.
3) Completely embed anchors in mortar joints.
4) Intersections of Non-Load-Bearing Partitions With Other Walls or Partitions:
5) Tie with wire mesh ties at vertical intervals of not more than 600 mm or with masonry bonding
in alternate courses.
6) Masonry Walls Facing or Abutting Concrete Members:
7) Anchor masonry to concrete with dovetail or wire-type anchors inserted in slots or inserts built
into concrete.
8) Locate anchors not more than 300 mm vertically and not more than 600 mm horizontally

3.3. TOLERANCES

1) Masonry work shall be within the following limits:

2) Plasters and Columns: 6 mm from true line.
3) Face of Brick: 1 mm from face of adjacent brick.
4) Variation from True Plane: 6 mm in 3 m and 20 mm in 10 m.
5) Variation from Plumb: 6 mm in each story, non-cumulative and 13 mm maximum in
two stories or more.

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6) Variation from Level: 3 mm in 1 m, 6 mm in 3 m maximum.

7) Variation in Wall Thickness: Plus or minus 6 mm.

4. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

4.1. MEASUREMENT

1) Masonry walls shall be measured by square meter on one side of the structure being completed
and accepted. Separate measurement shall not be made for the mortar as such is deemed to be
part of and incidental to the construction of masonry walls.
2) Reinforcing steel bar shall not be measured for payment. Cost shall be deemed included in the
payment of masonry walls.
3) Anchor bolts, anchor plates back frames, wire mesh, and joinery galvanized steel column edges
protection and all other fittings necessary for the completion of the Work, but not shown in the
Drawings, shall be included at the unitary price.

4.2. PAYMENT

The payment shall be made against the unit rates per square meter of the masonry walls
shown in the Bill of Quantities. The unit rate shall cover the furnishing of all materials, labor,
tools and equipment necessary to complete the work in accordance with the plans and these
specifications.

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SECTION 12: MORTAR, PLASTER WORKS

1. GENERAL

1.1. SCOPE OF WORK

This Specification section addresses requirements and procedures for preparing and
furnishing cement mortar and plaster for masonry, waterproofing, finished wall surfaces
and for other incidental work as indicated on the drawings. In addition it also addresses
requirements for grouting materials to be used for the Works.

2. COMPOSITION OF MORTAR AND PLASTER

2.1. MORTAR AND PLASTER SURFACES AND BEDDING

1) Mortar and plaster shall be composed of Portland cement, fine aggregate and lime. The
exact proportioning of the different classes of mortar and plaster shall be dependent on the
required strengths (classes) as indicated on the drawings for various applications and uses
2
indicates the mortar or plaster strength in kg/cm .
2) For each class or strength designation the Contractor shall establish the proportions of
fine aggregate, cement and hydrated lime based on the testing of mortar mixes in
accordance with ASTM C 109, or a similar testing method as approved by the Engineer
and the Project/DOC.
3) Mortar shall conform to standards for building mortar per Cambodian Standard or approved
equivalent.

2.2. MASONRY MORTAR

Unless otherwise indicated, masonry mortar shall be composed of one part Portland
cement and three parts fine aggregate by volume to which hydrated lime may be added in an
amount equal to 10 percent of the cement by weight.

3. MATERIALS
1) Type I Portland cement conforming to AASHTO M 85, ASTM C 150 or JIS R 5210 shall be
used unless otherwise approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
2) Fine aggregate shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M45 or requirements given in
Cambodian standard or as indicated by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
3) Hydrated lime shall meet the requirements of residue, popping and pitting, and water retention
shown for type N lime in ASTM C 207 or be in accordance with requirements of Cambodian
standard or other applicable standards.
Water shall be of suitable quality for concrete works as defined under the Specification
section titled “Concrete and Concrete Structures”.

4. SUBMITTALS
1) The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer and the Project/DOC mix proportions (fine
aggregate, cement, lime and any admixture) for each class of mortar and plaster to be used.
The mix results shall be accompanied by tests in accordance with sub-section 2.1 above that
are certified by an independent testing laboratory approved by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC.
2) For each day’s production, or as otherwise required by the Engineer and the Project/DOC,
the Contractor shall submit mortar test results of testing in accordance with sub-section
2.1 above, by an independent laboratory approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

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3) The Contractor shall submit manufacture’s information and data for all grouts and mortar
admixtures proposed for review and approval by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
4) The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer and the Project/DOC, certifications that the
cement used for plaster and mortar complies with Specification requirements.
5) The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer and the Project/DOC, certifications that the sand
used for plaster and mortar complies with Specification requirements.
6) For each day’s production, or as otherwise required by the Engineer and the Project/DOC,
the Contractor shall submit gradation test results of sand materials used for plaster,
mortar and grout, by an independent laboratory approved by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC.

5. PREPARATION OF MORTAR AND PLASTER

1) All the materials except water shall be mixed in an approved mixer until the mixture
assumes a uniform color, after which water shall be added and the mixing continued.
Mortar and plaster shall be mixed only in those quantities required for immediate use.
Re-tempered plaster or mortar shall not be used.

5.1. MORTAR AND PLASTER MIXING

1) For brick laying and floor tiles installation, measure mortar cements grade content at
3
250Kg/m. (15MPA). And sand content is 1.12 cu. m. or other unit volume sized
containers approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC to maintain control and accuracy of
proportions. Do not measure materials with shovels.
2) For wall plastering, measure mortar cements grade content at 300Kg/m.3 (10MPA) and
sand content is 1.12 cu. m.
3) Mix mortar and plaster in a mechanical batch mixer for not less than 3 or more than 5
minutes after all ingredients are in so as to produce a uniform mixture. Add water
gradually as required to produce required consistency. Do not load mixer beyond its rated
capacity.
Keep mortar boxes, pans and mixer drums clean and free of debris and dried mortar.

6. MORTAR AND PLASTER SURFACES AND BEDDING

1) The surfaces which are to receive a scratch or finished coat of mortar or plaster shall be
roughened, brushed and washed clean and be free from all scaling, scum, loose aggregate, dirt
and other foreign matter.
2) Scratch coats shall be given a rough, scratch finish and kept moist until the application
of the finish coat.
3) All surfaces to receive a mortar or plaster coating shall be sufficiently and uniformly
dampened immediately before the application of mortar or plaster. Concrete surface shall
be kept thoroughly wet for 24 hours prior to application of mortar or plaster.
4) Cement mortar shall be used within 30 minutes from the time of mixing. Re- tempering
will not be permitted.

6.1. MORTAR BEDDING FOR TILE WORK

Mortar bedding for tile work shall be 35-50 mm thickness. The finished surface shall be
roughened and cross-scratched.

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6.2. MORTAR AND PLASTER FINISHES

1) The total thickness of scratch and finishing coat shall be 30-50 mm for the floors, and 15-25
mm thickness for walls and other locations. Tolerance minimum 3- 4mm in 4 x 4 meters
plaster panel.
2) When the finishing coat is applied, the entire wall bay or ceiling shall be finished in one
operation in order to minimize joint marks.
3) Where expansion and control joints exist in the base structure, provision shall be made to
prevent cracking of the cement mortar by inserting galvanized steel expansion beads
within the coating thickness in a manner approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
4) The finished surface shall be perfectly plumb, level or coped as the case may be without any
bulging, runs, bruises or stains.
5) After application of the finishing coat, the surfaces shall be kept continuously damp for
not less than 48 hours and then allowed to become thoroughly dry prior to the application of
paint or other surface coating. Moistening of the finishing coat shall be started as soon as
the surface has hardened sufficiently to prevent displacement or damage.

7. WATERPROOF CEMENT MORTAR

1) Waterproof cement mortar shall be applied to canopy, balcony, parapet, eaves and other
locations as shown on the Drawing or as directed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
2) Waterproof cement mortar shall conform to the requirements given in Specification sub-
sections 2.1, 3 and 4.
3) Admixtures used in the preparation of the waterproof cement mortar shall be applied in
accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Manufacture’s information, catalogs
and data for all admixtures used shall be submitted to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for
review and comment at the time of submission in accordance with sub-section 4 above.

8. BROKEN BRICK CONCRETE

1) Where “Broken Brick” is indicated on the drawings, cement mortar of the strength/class
indicated shall be used with brick aggregate or pieces. Unless otherwise required by
the Engineer and the Project/DOC brick fragments used shall be from brick materials
specified under the Specification section titled “Brick Masonry”.
2) Placement of Broken Brick shall be accomplished as follows:

- After properly preparing the placement area, brick fragments (5 cm and smaller) shall be
loosely placed to approximately the final brick placement level.
- After brick fragment placement, cement mortar of the required strength/class shall be poured
into the placement, covering all void spaces around the brick fragments.
- Following placement of the cement mortar, before the initial set of the mortar, the brick and
mortar combination shall be compacted using compaction methods as approved by the
Engineer and the Project/DOC, with additional mortar and brick added to obtain the final
placement elevation.
3) The final surface of shall be “rough” to provide a good bonding with concrete or mortar to be
placed there on.
4) Brick shall be cured in accordance with curing methods and procedures for concrete
under the Specification section titled “Concrete and Concrete Structures”.

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SECTION 13: WOOD DOORS AND WINDOWS WORKS

1. DESCRIPTION
This Specification section addresses materials, procedures and requirements pertaining to
the fabrication, supply and installation of wooden doors and windows.

1.1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

The Contractor shall provide install and finish all wood doors, windows with frames as
shown on the drawings, as specified herein or as required by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC. Such work shall be inclusive of the furnishing and installation of all
necessary incidentals and associated hardware.

1.2. RELATED WORK SPECIFIED ELSEWHERE

1) Masonry Openings: Masonry openings shall be in accordance with requirements given

under the Specification section titled “Brick Masonry”.
2) Caulking: Caulking shall in accordance with requirements given under the Specification
section titled “Caulking”
3) Glass and Glazing: Glass and glazing shall be in accordance with provisions of the
Specification section titled “Glass and Glazing”.
Carpentry: Carpentry shall be in accordance with requirements of this Specification section
and the Specification section titled “Finish and Rough Carpentry”.

2. MATERIALS

2.1. GENERAL

1) Lumber used shall be Grade III (Korki or Sakram wood) hard wood conforming to Cambodian
Standard or approved equivalent.
Wood doors, windows louvers and frames shall be of the type, size, and design indicated
on the drawings.

2.2. FABRICATION

1) Wood doors and windows shall be shop fabricated and standard products of
manufacturers regularly engaged in the fabrication of such items.
All doors and window frame joints shall be mortise and tenon and shall be joined with an
approved type of glue.
2) All wood shall be sanded, filled and re-sanded prior to application of final finishing.
Frames for doors and windows shall have a drip. Jams shall rest on sills and the head shall
rest on the jambs.
3) Plywood doors shall be solid core. Wood doors shall be 5-ply construction with faces, stiles
and rails bonded to the cores.
Units shall be pre-mortised or pre-drilled and fitted to receive hardware.

3. FINISH
1) After fabrication and before installation wood doors, windows and louvers shall be given a
coating of an approved synthetic resin clear sealer and protected from damage until
installation.

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2) Unless otherwise indicated finishing shall be in accordance with the Cambodian Ministry
of Construction standard or approved equivalent for timber doors and windows.

4. INSTALLATION
1) All wood windows and doors shall be fitted plumb and square in masonry openings with
concrete nails, caulking, wood shims and any other appurtenances as indicated on the
drawings. Concrete nails 4.8 mm in dia. shall be through nailed to masonry at 40 cm.
intervals Door shall have a clearance of 3 mm at the sides and top and shall have a bottom
clearance of 6 mm over thresholds and 13 mm at other locations
2) Frames shall be set with double wedge blocking in back of nailing points, in back of butts and
lock strikes.
3) Caulking shall be installed between the wood frame and the masonry on the inside and outside
unless noted otherwise.

5. HARDWARE
Unless otherwise specified or shown on the drawings, door and window hardware shall
comply with the following requirements:

- Door lock with knob.

- Windows and doors accessories.
- Unless otherwise required, all lockable doors shall be provided with at least three duplicate
keys for each lock.

6. SUBMITTALS

6.1. SHOP DRAWINGS

Before manufacturing wooden doors and windows, the Contractor shall submit shop
drawings showing complete details of all wood doors and windows to the Engineer and the
Project/DOC for approval.

- Shop drawings shall indicate the details of each door and window, elevation of each
type of door and window, details of construction marks to be used to identify the doors and
windows, and location and extent of hardware blocking and swing/opening direction.
- The shop drawings shall fully detail and explain all fasteners, screws, bolts, anchors etc. to be
used.
- Shop drawings shall fully describe the wood, and coatings to be used.
- Shop drawings shall include catalogue cuts or descriptive data for doors, windows, weather
stripping and thresholds to be used.

6.2. HARDWARE SCHEDULE

Prior to purchasing any door and window hardware, the Contractor shall submit a
complete wood door and window hardware schedule to the Engineer and the
Project/DOC/Project Manager for approval. The hardware schedule shall identify all
hardware and accessories, including, door handles, knobs, locks, hinges, closures, thresholds
and other accessories to be provided for each and all wood doors and windows.

6.3. MATERIAL SUBMISSIONS

1) Prior to purchasing door and window hardware, the Contractor shall supply a sample of
all door and window hardware to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for approval.

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2) If, in the opinion of the Engineer and the Project/DOC, the door and/or window submission
information and details provided by the Contractor are insufficient, the Engineer and the
Project/DOC may request sample wood door and/or window be provided on which to base
his approval or rejection. Such samples shall constitute a submission and shall not be
measured for payment. If acceptance is based on approved samples, the approved sample
shall be used as bases of acceptance or rejection of doors and windows delivered to the
site or assembled thereon.

7. STORAGE
Doors and windows shall be stored in fully covered, ventilated areas and be protected from
damage and from extremes in temperature and humidity. They shall be stored on supports to
prevent warping or twisting. Factory cartons or wrappers shall be kept intact until
installation.

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SECTION 14: DOOR AND WINDOW HARDWARE

1. GENERAL

1.1. WORK OF THIS SECTION

1) The Work of this Section includes providing all finish hardware and appurtenant work,
complete.
2) The Work hereunder shall include all fabrication and mounting templates as needed for
fabricators and for control of application of metal items.
3) In addition thereto, the Contractor shall provide all trim, attachments and fastenings
indicated or required for proper and complete installation.
4) The Work of this Section shall include all hardware that is not indicated in other
sections, whether or not such hardware is herein specifically scheduled.
5) The Contractor shall coordinate hardware with the Work of other Sections. Furnish hardware
items of proper design for use on doors and frames of the thickness, profile, swing, security,
and similar requirements indicated, as necessary for proper installation and function.

1.2. RELATED SECTIONS

1) The Work of the following Sections applies to the Work of this Section. Other Sections
of the Specifications, not referenced below, shall also apply to the extent required for
proper performance of this Work.
2) Section 11 &14.

1.3. CODES

1) The Work of this Section shall comply with the current editions of the following codes:
2) Uniform Building Code
3) Uniform Fire Code

1.4. SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS

1) Except as otherwise indicated, the current editions of the following apply to the Work of this
Section:
2) Commercial Standards:
3) Underwriter’s Laboratories, Inc., requirements and approvals.

Hardware Institute (DHI) "Recommended Procedure for Processing Hardware

Schedules and Templates" and "Architectural
Hardware Scheduling and Format"

BHMA Builders' Hardware Manufacturers' Association

ANSI A156.1 through A156.8 Standards for various hardware items

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1.5. SHOP DRAWINGS AND SAMPLES

The following shall be submitted in compliance with Section 01300:

1) Schedules: Submit schedule at earliest possible date prior to ordering of hardware. Organize
the schedule into "Hardware Sets" with an index of doors and a heading, indicating
complete designations of every item required for each door or opening. Include the following
information:

- Type, style, function, size, quantity, and finish of each hardware item.
- Name, part number and manufacturer of each item.
- Fastenings and other pertinent information.
- Location of hardware set, cross referenced to indications on drawings, both on floor
plans and in door schedule.
- Explanation of all abbreviations, symbols, and codes contained in the schedule.
- Indicate specific locations and mountings of heights of each type of hardware.
- Indicate door and frame sizes and materials.
- Submit manufacturer's complete technical data and installation instructions for electric and
electronic hardware.
2) Templates: Where required, furnish hardware templates to each fabricator of doors, frames
and other work where factory preparation is required for proper installation of hardware.
3) Product Data: Submit manufacturer's catalogue cuts, finishes, etc., for Project Manager’s
review.
4) Samples: Furnish a representative sample, in the correct finish and color of each visible
component of hardware.
No hardware shall be ordered or delivered until the hardware schedule has been
approved by the Project Manager.

1.6. DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

1) Acceptance at the Site: Individually package each unit of finish hardware, complete with
proper fastening and appurtenances, clearly marked on the outside to indicate contents,
item numbers, and names corresponding to those listed in the hardware schedule and
specific locations in the Work.
2) Small miscellaneous items that would not require specific location identification, such as door
stops, coat and hat hooks, and door silencers may be quantity packed if properly labeled
with item numbers and other identification.
3) Deliver hardware in manufacturer's original packages individually packaged and carefully
marked for its intended opening and use. Pack complete with necessary screws, bolts,
keys, instructions, and installation template, if necessary, for spotting mortising tools.
Supplier shall furnish to Contractor with the delivery, a complete list of hardware clearly
marked to correspond with marking on each package and with the hardware schedule.
Contractor shall check the hardware upon delivery. The Contractor shall be responsible for the
proper storage of all hardware until ready for installation.

1.7. QUALIFICATIONS

Hardware Supplier: The hardware supplier should be eligible for Bank financing and free
from debarment by the Bank and shall be a direct factory contract supplier who has in his
employ a certified architectural hardware Project Manager (AHC) who is available at all

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reasonable times during the course of the Work for project hardware consultation to the
Contractor.

1.8. EXTENDED WARRANTY

1) The Contractor shall furnish a guarantee from the hardware supplier for all hardware work,
as follows:
2) Closers: Ten years, except electronic closers, two years.
3) Exit Devices: Three years
4) All other hardware: Two years

2. PRODUCTS

2.1. GENERAL

1) All items of hardware shall be furnished as required to complete the Work in accordance
with these Specifications and the manufacturer's instructions. Items of hardware not
specified shall be provided even though inadvertently omitted from this Specification. Items
shall be of equal quality and type.
2) Where the exact types of hardware specified are not adaptable to the finished shape or size of
the members requiring hardware, supplier shall advise the Contractor and the Project
Manager in writing as a part of the submittal process. Supplier shall also provide
suggestions of suitable alternatives having as nearly as practicable, the same operation and
quality as the type specified.
3) Exit Doors: The intent of the Specifications is that exit doors shall be openable at all times,
from the inside, without the use of a key or any special knowledge or effort.
4) Fire-Rated Openings: Provide hardware for fire-rated openings in compliance with NFPA
Standard No. 80. This requirement takes precedence over other requirements for such
hardware. Provide only such hardware which has been tested and listed by UL for the type
and size of each door required, and which complies with the requirements for the door and
door frame labels. Latching hardware, door closers, ball bearing hinges, and seals are
required whether listed in the Hardware Schedule or not.
5) Where panic exit devices are required on fire-rated doors, provide supplementary
marking on door UL label indicating "Fire Door to be Equipped with Fire Exit Hardware," and
provide UL label on exit device indicating "Fire Exit Hardware."
6) The Work requires the Contractor to obtain each kind of hardware from only one
manufacturer, although several may be indicated as offering products which comply with
requirements.

2.2. KEYS AND KEYING

1) Contractor shall provide temporary key cores and keys during construction at locations the
Contractor selects. After substantial completion, the Contractor shall remove all temporary
cores and furnish all permanent lock cylinders to the Employer's designated locksmith for
keying and installation by Employer.
2) Contractor shall provide all locks and cylinders of the same manufacturer. Each cylinder
for each lockset and exit device shall have two "OO" bitted keys furnished.
3) Locks shall conform to Federal Specifications FF-H-106A-87 Series.

2.3. FASTENERS

1) Furnish screws, bolts, nuts, expansion shields, shim plates, anchors and other fasteners of
suitable types and sizes recommended by manufacturer and as required to install hardware
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securely to withstand hard usage over long life. The fasteners shall match the hardware in
material and finish.
2) All hardware, such as expansion bolts, hex bolts, toggle bolts and other approved
anchorages shall be coordinated with the job and to each setting condition.
3) Screws for items applied on gypsum board shall be sufficiently long to provide solid
connection to framing and backing behind the gypsum board.
4) Phillips head screws shall be used at exposed conditions. Machine screws shall be used at
metal doors and frames.

2.4. HINGES AND PIVOTS

1) Two hinges or pivots shall be provided for each door leaf up to and including 1.5 meters
in height, and an additional hinge shall be added for each 0.8 m or fractions thereof of
additional door height.
2) Width of hinges shall be determined by trim conditions, but shall be of sufficient size to
permit door to swing 180 degrees.
3) Ball-bearing hinges shall be furnished on all doors having door closers and/or exit devices.
All ball-bearing hinges shall have flush tips.
4) All hinges on exterior doors shall be provided with non-removable pins and security
studs.
5) Continuous Hinges: Full height continuous barrel-type hinges with 6 mm diameter stainless
steel pin. Hinge material shall be 14 gauges Type 304 stainless steel. Hinge shall meet
1,500,000 cycle test per ANSI 156.1. Guard shall wrap to door's full height protecting
hinge stile and door face with 20 mm stainless steel wrap.
6) Hinge guard models shall be equipped with "adjust a-screw" fasteners to allow the door
to be adjusted up to 10 mm within the channel of the hinge.
7) Hinges shall be 630 (brush finished) stainless steel unless otherwise indicated in the finish
hardware schedule.
Hinges and sizes shall be as follows:

Door Thickness Door Width (mm) Hinge Weight Hinge Height

(mm) (mm)

35 915 and under Reg. Wt., interior use only 90

35 916 and over Reg. Wt., interior use only 100

45 750 and under Reg. Wt., exterior use 115

45 751 to 1000 Reg. Wt., exterior use 115

45 1001 and over Extra Hvy Wt., 4 ball bearing, 115

exterior use

8) Hinges shall be plain bearing type (regular weight) conforming to BHMA No. A 2133; ball
bearing hinges (regular weight) conforming to BHMA No. A 2112 or No. A 5112; and ball
bearing hinges (heavy weight) conforming to BHMA No. A 2111 or No. A 5112. Hinge
manufacturers design options such as 3-knuckle hinges and concealed ball bearing hinges
are acceptable. Plain hinges shall be provided with self-lubricating bushings.

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2.5. OVERHEAD CLOSERS

1) All overhead closers shall be the product of one manufacturer. Closers shall have high-
strength cast-iron bodies with rectangular, removable non-ferrous covers, adjustable spring
power and adjustable back-check, and full rack and pinion action. Closers shall be non-
handed and adjustable. Closers shall have back-check regulating screws, with separate screws
for closing and latching speeds.
2) Furnish sizes as recommended by manufacturer except where schedule calls for larger size.
3) Provide size 2 through 6 unless otherwise indicated at exterior and interior fire rated doors.
4) Provide size 1 through 4 at interior non-rated doors.
5) Exterior doors shall have 4 kg maximum pressure to open.
6) Interior doors shall have 3 kg maximum pressure to open.
7) Flush transom offset brackets shall be used where parallel arm closers are listed for doors with
fixed panels above.
8) Drop brackets are required at narrow head rails.
9) Make labeled doors self-closing where indicated.
10) Closers shall be adjusted by a factory authorized representative.
11) Locate closers on inside of building, stairs, and rooms.
12) Surface door closers shall be spray painted to match door hardware.
13) Soffit shoes shall be provided where corner brackets or regular arm closers are not used and
where they are necessary for proper function of the hardware.
14) Where door closers or other items have lever or similar arms, attachment to doors shall be with
hex bolts only.
15) Closers for out swinging exterior doors shall be top-jamb-mounted and furnished with adapter
plates for doors under 2.3 meters in height. If necessary, closers may be mounted on drop
brackets on doors above 2.3 meters in height.
16) The Contractor and its hardware supplier shall be responsible to provide the right arm for all
closer applications. Arms shall be parallel with the closed door whenever possible.
17) Closers shall be provided with hex bolts for fastening through doors, frames and transoms.

2.6. LOCKSETS AND LATCHSETS

1) All locksets and latchsets and their component parts shall be the product of a single
manufacturer and shall be mortise type with anti-friction 2-piece latch bolts with a
minimum 20 mm throw and 25 mm-throw dead bolts with hardened roller inserts.
Locksets and Latchsets at fire rated doors shall meet Uniform Building Code and Uniform
Fire Code requirements and shall be modified as necessary. All locksets and latchsets shall
be provided with satin stainless steel finish 630 (US 32D) unless otherwise indicated.
2) The function of each lockset or latchset shall be appropriate for the use of the door to which it is
attached.
3) Hardware for aluminum entrance doors shall be as indicated in schedule. The hardware face
plate design shall be coordinated with doors provided.
4) Mortise deadlocks shall be of weight and quality comparable to locksets and latchsets specified.
5)
6) Lock strikes shall be 16 gauges curved steel, 25 mm deep box type construction of sufficient
length to clear trim and having curved lips to protect the trim and jambs and be so shaped as to
avoid the possibility of tearing clothing.

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7) All locks shall be provided with the same cylinder and keyway for master keying. They shall be
the product of the same manufacturer as the locksets unless otherwise indicated. The correct
cylinders with all necessary modifications and components such as cams, collars, rings,
retainers, plates, fasteners, etc., shall be provided for other specialty hardware such as exit
devices, store front locksets, and sliding door locks where the indicated hardware manufacturer
is different from the cylinder manufacturer.
8) Padlocks shall be heavy duty type and shall be of same manufacturer as locksets.
9) Provide approved fusible links at levers for labeled doors.
10) Verify whether standard or ANSI cutouts are provided in metal frames.

2.7. DOOR STOPS

1) Door stops shall be provided with the proper fasteners.

2) Stops shall be provided with machine screws and anchors at concrete and masonry
locations, and toggle bolts at plaster, gypsum board, and wood locations.
3) Aluminum door stops shall be used with aluminum, chrome, and stainless steel finishes.

2.8. DOOR HOLDERS

1) Overhead type door holders shall be concealed type of correct size for door, 90 degree
openable unless 180 degree opening is indicated, and allowing for checkmating. Interior doors
shall be provided with overhead stops if wall type stops can not be used and floor stops make a
tripping hazard.
2) Finish shall be chrome plated bronze with satin finish, US 26D, unless otherwise
indicated.

2.9. THRESHOLDS

Thresholds shall be provided and shall have a maximum of 12 mm rise at 1:1 slope. Return
miters shall be provided at thresholds on floor closers.

2.10. WEATHER STRIPPING AND SEALS

1) Exterior doors shall have head, jambs, and astragals weather stripped with not less than 8
mm by 16 mm closed cell, neoprene sponge rubber, unless otherwise indicated.
2) Interior doors shall have head, jambs, and astragals sealed with self-adhesive bubble
configuration door seal designed against smoke, air, sound, and weather infiltration. The
seals shall be fire tested and labeled as a gasketing for use on steel frames with wood or
steel doors for 20-minutes C-label and 1 hour B-label doors.
3) Seals: All seals shall be furnished to match adjacent frame color. Solid neoprene shall
comply with MIL Spec R6855-CL III, Grade 40. Sponge neoprene shall comply with MIL
Spec R6130, Type II, Group C. Other seals and sweeps shall be polyurethane. UL label
shall be applied to the seals on all rated doors.

2.11. TEMPLATES

Hardware indicated for metal frames shall be made to template and secured with
machine screws. Templates, or physical hardware items, shall be furnished to manufacturers
sufficiently in advance to avoid delay in the Work.

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2.12. REINFORCING UNITS

Reinforcing required for installation of hardware in metal jambs shall be furnished by jamb
manufacturer, coordinated with hardware manufacturer and provided in time to be installed
and welded within jamb during fabrication.

3. EXECUTION

3.1. GENERAL

1) Contractor shall install finish hardware as required. Hardware shall be fitted prior to painting
which shall be completed before final installation of hardware. Finish hardware must be
neatly and properly installed and secured firmly in place in accordance with best practices as
prescribed by manufacturers. All hardware must be thoroughly cleaned prior to final
acceptance by Employer.
2) No extra cost will be allowed because of changes or corrections necessary to facilitate
installation of any hardware. Contractor shall be responsible for proper fabrication of all Work
or material to receive hardware.
3) Set units level, plumb and true to line and location. Adjust and reinforce the attachment
substrate as necessary for proper installation and operation.
4) Installation shall conform to local governing agency security ordinances.

3.2. MOUNTING POSITIONS

1) Heights given are center line heights up from floor unless otherwise indicated. All similar
items shall be at the same height. Heights of items not indicated shall be in accordance
with recommendations of Builders Hardware Association.
2) Top hinge: 125 mm from door top to top of hinge.
3) Bottom hinge: 250 mm from door bottom to bottom of hinge.
4) Intermediate hinges: Equally spaced between top and bottom hinges and from each other.
5) Hinge mortise on door leaf: 6 mm to 8 mm from stop side of door.
6) Lock: 965 mm from finished floor to center lever or knob.
7) Dead bolt: Not more than 1800 mm from floor to operating knob or lever.
8) Door stops mounted on doors: Mount near floor so as to strike base, but not to rub flooring.
9) Deadlock strike: 1115 mm from floor, centered.

3.3. ADJUSTMENT

1) After installation of hardware and after air supply is turned on, qualified hardware
suppliers or manufacturer's representatives of operating hardware shall inspect the
installation, make adjustments and deliver instructions for maintenance and future
adjustments to the Employer.
2) Adjust and check each operating item of hardware and each door to ensure proper
operation or function of every unit. Replace units which cannot be adjusted to operate
freely and smoothly.
3) Latches and bolts shall be installed to automatically engage in keepers, whether activated by
closers or by manual push. In no case shall manual pressure be required to engage latch or
bolt in keepers.
Closers and hinges shall be carefully adjusted to operate the doors noiselessly and evenly
and hinges shall be installed so as not to bind.

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4) Inspection: Hardware supplier shall inspect all hardware before final acceptance and include
with his guarantee a statement that this has been accomplished. The supplier shall indicate
that the hardware is complete and correctly installed and adjusted.

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SECTION 15: GLASS AND GLAZING WORKS

1. DESCRIPTION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1) This Specification section addresses materials, requirements and procedures for glass
components of doors, windows and other architectural aspects of the Works. In addition it
also addresses glazing and accessories for mirrors to be provided.
2) This Specification section describes work that coincides with requirements of the following
noted Specification sections. These Specification sections should be reviewed with this
Specification section.
3) Related Specification Sections titled:

- Wood Doors & Windows

- Metal Doors & Windows
- Aluminum doors and Windows`

2. MATERIALS

2.1. PLATE GLASS

1) Plate glass conforming to the requirements of ASTM C 1036, Type I (transparent glass,
flat), Class 1, (clear), Quality q3 (glazing select).
2) Thickness: as indicated on the drawings.
3) Location: Exterior and interior doors and windows and other locations as indicated

2.2. WIRED GLASS -(N/A)

1) Wired glass conforms to the requirements of ASTM C 1036, Type II (wired glass) Class 1,
(clear), Quality q8 (glazing), with wire mesh type and pattern as approved by the Engineer
and the Project/DOC.
2) Thickness: 6.8 mm
3) Location: as indicated on the drawings

2.3. TINTED PLATE GLASS

1) Tinted plate glass conforming to the requirements of ASTM C 1036, Type I

(transparent glass, flat), Class 3, (tinted, light-reducing), Quality q5 (general glazing)
2) Thickness: 5 mm
3) Location: as indicated on the drawings
4) Tinting appearance as approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC

2.4. FIGURED GLASS

1) Patterned glass conforming to the requirements of ASTM C 1036, Type I (transparent glass,
flat), Class 1, (clear), Quality q8 (general glazing).
2) Thickness: 5 mm
3) Location: as indicated on the drawings

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2.5. MIRRORS

1) Plate glass conforming to the requirements of ASTM C 1036, Type I (transparent glass, flat),
Class 1, (clear), Quality q2 (general use mirrors).
2) Thickness: as required by mirror manufacture
3) Location: as shown on the drawings
4) Glass shall be coated on one surface with silver coating, copper protective coating and
mirror backing paint. Silver coating shall be highly adhesive pure silver coating of a
thickness which shall provide reflectivity of 83 percent or more of incident light when
viewed through 6 mm thick glass, and shall be free of pinholes or other defects. Mirror
backing paint shall consist of two coats of special scratch and abrasion-resistant paint,
and shall be baked in uniform thickness to provide a protection for silver and copper coatings
which will permit normal cutting and edge fabrication.

2.6. GLAZING ACCESSORIES

1) Preformed Tape: Preformed tape shall be elastomeric rubber extruded into a ribbon of a
width and thickness suitable for specific application. Tape shall be of type, which will
remain resilient, have excellent adhesion and be chemically compatible to glass, metal or
wood.
2) Sealant: Sealant shall be elastomeric conforming to ASTM C920, Type S or M, Grade
NS, Class 12.5.
3) Glazing Gaskets: Glazing gaskets shall be extruded with continuous integral locking
projection designed to engage into metal glass holding members to provide a watertight seal
during dynamic loading, building movements and thermal movements. Glazing gaskets for a
single glazed opening shall be continuous one-piece units with factory-fabricated injection-
molded corners of flashing and burrs. Glazing gaskets shall be in lengths or units
recommended by manufacturer to ensure against pullback at corners. Glazing gasket profiles
shall be as indicated on drawings.

2.7. MIRRORS ACCESSORIES

1) Mastic: Mastic for setting mirrors shall be a polymer type mirror mastic resistant to water,
shock, cracking, vibration and thermal expansion. Mastic shall be compatible with
mirror backing paint, and shall be approved by mirror manufacturer.
2) Mirror Frames: Mirrors shall be provided with mirror frames fabricated of one- piece
roll-formed stainless steel with a brushed satin finish and concealed fasteners which will
keep mirrors snug to wall. Frames shall be 6 x 6 mm continuous at top and bottom of
mirrors. Concealed fasteners of type to suit wall construction material shall be provided with
mirror frames.
3) Mirror Clips: Concealed fasteners of type to suit wall construction material shall be provided
with clips.

3. SUBMITTALS
1) Submit drawings showing complete details of the proposed setting methods, mullion details,
edge blocking, and size of openings, frame details, materials, and types and thickness of glass.
2) Submit drawing showing complete details of the proposed setting methods and materials.
3) Submit certificates stating that the glass meets the specified requirements. Labels or
manufacturers marking affixed to the glass will be accepted in lieu of certificates.

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3.1. 3.1 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Glazing compounds shall be delivered to the site in the manufacturer's unopened containers
or preinstalled in doors and windows. Glass and doors and windows with preinstalled
glazing shall be stored indoors in a safe, well-ventilated dry location. They shall be protected
from damage and not to be unpacked until needed for installation.

4. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURES

4.1. PREPARATION

1) Openings and framing systems scheduled to receive glass shall be examined for compliance
with approved shop drawings, specification requirements, glass manufacturer’s
recommendations, size and squareness. Any detrimental materials shall be removed.
2) The face and edge clearance requirements of the glass shall be checked prior to installation
for clearance requirements and assurance of effective sealing between joints of glass-framing
members and glass surfaces. Prior to placement all glass shall be cleaned and wiped dry with
a solvent.

4.2. GENERAL INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS

1) Glass systems shall be fabricated and installed watertight and airtight to withstand thermal
movement and wind loading without glass breakage, gasket failure, deterioration of glazing
accessories, and defects in the work.
2) Panes for wooden frames shall be fixed with wood stops and appropriate sealant. Glazing in
wood shall have rabbets and beads primed and painted. The glass shall be firmly seated into
the previously bedded and back-bedded rabbet with glazing compound and secured in place
with wood beads, attached with not less than 2.5 cm. length finish nails, or flat headed
screws, countersunk and set approximately 15 cm. on center. Nails or screws, used in beads
shall be of the corrosion resistant type. Sealant shall be placed continuously along the inner
and outer perimeter of the frame to form a complete watertight seal.
3) All glass to be field installed shall be accurately cut to fit in the frames with 3 mm clearance
all around.
4) Glass in metal windows and door leaves shall be set in glazing mastic applied on all four
sides for the full length using spacer shims or with vinyl splinted glazing bead as
recommended by the manufacturer.
5) Glass and glazing work shall be performed in accordance with approved shop drawings,
glass manufacturer’s instructions and specification requirements. Glass shall be installed with
factory labels intact, which shall be removed only when instructed

4.3. PROTECTION

1) Glass and mirror work shall be protected immediately after installation. Glazed openings
shall be identified with suitable warning, tapes, cloth or paper flags, attached with non-
staining adhesives. Reflective glass shall be protected with a protective material to eliminate
any contamination of the reflective coating. Protective material shall be placed far enough
away from the coated glass to allow air to circulate to reduce heat buildup and moisture
accumulation on the glass.
2) Glass units, which are broken, chipped, cracked, abraded or otherwise damaged during
construction activities, shall be removed and replaced with new units at the Contractor’s
expense.

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4.4. CLEANING

Upon completion of the works and just prior to hand-over, the inside and outside
surfaces of glass and glazing shall be thoroughly washed, polished and cleaned.

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SECTION 16: FINISH AND ROUGH CARPENTRY WORKS

1. GENERAL
This Specification section addresses materials, equipment, labor and incidentals required
for all items of rough and finish carpentry as shown on the drawings and/or specified
herein.

2. CLASSIFICATION OF CARPENTRY

2.1. FINISHED CARPENTRY

Finished carpentry is defined as woodwork that is exposed to view within the interior or
exterior of buildings and includes such items as wood railings, panels, trim, molding,
cabinets, wood doors and frames.

2.2. ROUGH CARPENTRY

Rough carpentry is defined as woodwork for temporary forms and framing as well as
lumber for structural or support applications such as joists, framing and supports. All
woodwork that is not finished carpentry as described above shall be classified for
payment purposes as “Rough Carpentry”.

3. SUBMITTALS
1) Prior to the commencement of work and ordering of any materials or items covered under
this Specification section the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for
review and approval complete listings of (1) finished carpentry and (2) rough carpentry,
lumber and wood products to be installed in the Permeate Works in accordance with the
provisions of this Specification section. These listings shall fully identify all the lumber and
wood fabricated items (except wood doors and windows) to be installed in the Permeate
Works. The listings shall include the types and grades of lumber, the quantity(s), the
locations were the lumber and/or wood fabricated items are to be installed and manufactures
and/or fabricators supplying the materials.
2) Shop Drawings of Finish Carpentry showing fabricated items and special mill and woodwork
items. Shop Drawings shall be full scale or large scale as appropriate, and shall indicate
dimensions, materials and details of construction, methods of fastening, erection and
installation.
3) Samples shall be submitted of wood railings, panels, trim, molding, cabinets, and of
sufficient size to show patterns, color ranges, and types, as applicable, of the material
proposed to be used.

4. MATERIALS

4.1. LUMBER

4.2. LUMBER DIMENSIONS

The sizes shown for wood on the drawings are the so-called nominal sizes. All dressed
lumber shall not vary from the indicated dimensions by more than 10%. Thickness and width
of lumber shall be uniform throughout its length.

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4.3. LUMBER MOISTURE CONTENT

The maximum moisture content of wood products at time of delivery to the job site shall
be as follows:

- Framing Lumber 50 mm and Less in Thickness: 19 percent;

- Boards: 10 percent;
- Framing Lumber over 50 mm Thick: 12 percent;
- Interior Paneling: 10 percent;
- Interior Finish Lumber, Trim, and Millwork 30 mm or less in Nominal Thickness: 10 percent
on 90 percent of the pieces and 12 percent on remainder; and
- Exterior finish lumber and trim 100 mm or less in Nominal Thickness: 12 percent.

4.4. WOOD FOR FINISHED CARPENTRY

1) All wood to be incorporated into the permanent work as finished carpentry shall be sound
stock delivered dry and shall be fully protected at all times from injury and dampness.
Twisted, split, knotted, broken, insect bored or otherwise damaged pieces will not be
allowed in the work.
2) Gradation shall be the local equivalent to select grade which is defined as selected lumber,
generally clear, high quality, of good appearance, and suitable for use without waste and
for natural finish.
3) Where indicate on Drawings, wood for finished carpentry work shall be as indicated. Where
not indicated on the drawings, the Contractor shall propose a suitable locally available
material to the Engineer and the Project/DOC for approval.

4.5. WOOD FOR ROUGH CARPENTRY

1) Wood used for rough carpentry shall be the local equivalent of structural grade lumber for
used in wood truss members, wood purling, cleats and wood plates and studs.
2) For rough carpentry applications, the Contractor shall propose a suitable locally available
material(s) to the Architect/Project Manager for approval.
3) Structural lumber shall be surfaced four sides. Size references, unless otherwise specified,
are nominal sizes, and actual sizes shall be within manufacturing tolerances allowed by the
standard under which the product is produced.

4.6. WOOD FOR GLASS

Wood beads and trim for glazing in wood doors and windows shall be the same type of wood
as the door or window. Beads shall be neatly shaped to fit flush with the sash and support the
glass. Wood setting blocks shall installed at 40 cm. intervals under glass and in from the
edge 20 cm.

4.7. ACCESSORIES AND NAILS

1) Lag, Toggle, and Miscellaneous Bolts and Screws shall be type, size, and finish best suited
for intended use. Finish options include zinc compounds, cadmium, and aluminum paint
impregnated finishes.
2) Clip Angles shall be steel, 4.8 mm thick, size best suited for intended use; or zinc- coated steel
or iron commercial clips designed for connecting wood members.
3) Nails and Staples ASTM F 547, size and type best suited for purpose;

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- Staples shall be as recommended by the manufacturer of the materials to be joined.

- In general, 8-penny or larger nails shall be used for nailing through 25 mm thick lumber and
for toe nailing 50 mm thick lumber.
- 16-penny or larger nails shall be used for nailing through 50 mm thick lumber.
- Nails used with treated lumber and sheathing shall be galvanized.
- Where detailed nailing requirements are not specified, nail size and spacing shall be sufficient
to develop an adequate strength for the connection.
- Reasonable judgement backed by experience shall ensure that the designed connection will
not cause the wood to split.
- Screws for use where nailing is impractical shall be the size best suited for purpose.

5. DELIVERY AND STORAGE

Materials shall be delivered to the site in undamaged condition, stored off ground in fully
covered, well-ventilated areas, and protected from extreme weather conditions.

6. WORKMANSHIP

6.1. GENERAL

1) Framing members shall not be spliced between bearing points, and shall be free from
pronounced defects. Joints and splices shall be bolted or spiked together, and shall occur
over bearings only.
2) All carpentry and millwork shall be accurately cut, fitted and installed as detailed on the
drawings.
3) Anchors shall be installed, where indicated or required, to anchor carpentry, or other items
securely to masonry or concrete.
4) Framing lumber and other woodwork shall be fitted closely, set accurately to the required
lines and levels, and shall be secured in place in rigid manner with the use of appropriate
fasteners. Framing members shall not be applied between bearing points and shall be
free from pronounced defects. Bolting and nailing shall be done in a manner so as to provide
strong secure members.
5) All lumber in direct contact with concrete or masonry shall be coated with two (2) coats of hot
asphalt, coal-tar or similar type material(s) as approved by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC.

6.2. GENERAL FINISHING WORK

1) Provide sizes, materials and designs as indicated or as specified herein.

2) Apply primer to finish work before installing.
3) Where practicable, shop assembles and finishes items of built-up millwork.
4) Joints shall be tight and constructed in a manner that will conceal shrinkage.
5) Miter trim and moldings at exterior angles and cope at interior angles and at returns.
6) Material shall show no warp after installation.
7) Install millwork and trim in the maximum practical lengths. Fasten finish work with finish
nails. Provide blind nailing where practicable. Set face nails for putty stopping.
8) All woodwork shall be painted or otherwise finished in accordance with the
Specifications section titled “Painting”.

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6.3. EXTERIOR FINISH WORK

1) Sand exposed flat members and square edges.

2) Finish semi-exposed surfaces.
3) Construct joints to exclude water.
4) In addition to nailing, glue joints of built-up items with waterproof glue as necessary, for
weather-resistant construction.
5) Provide door and window trims in single lengths.
6) Joints of plywood shall occur over the centerlines of supports.
7) Fasten wood soffits with aluminum or stainless steel nails.

6.4. INTERIOR FINISH WORK

1) After installation, sand exposed surfaces smooth and paint with vinyl resin coat bacteria,
fungi and chemical resistance.
2) Provide window and door trim in single lengths.

7. WOOD FOR FORM WORK

Wood forms for concrete work shall be in accordance with provisions of the Specification
section titled “Concrete and Concrete Structures”.

8. PROTECTION OF MASONRY
Where wood is to be installed against concrete or masonry by the use of concrete
nails and/or expansion devices the masonry shall be predrilled and any masonry
units split shall be removed or repaired as directed.

9. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

9.1. GENERAL

1) Concrete formwork shall not be included for payment under this Specification section, but
shall be included as applicable under the Specification section titled “Concrete and Concrete
Structures”.
2) Wood doors and windows shall not be included for payment under this Specification
section but shall be addressed in accordance with the provisions of the Specification
section titled “Wood Doors and Windows”.

9.2. MEASUREMENT

Finished and rough cabinetry shall not be measured for payment but shall be paid as lump
sums.

9.3. PAYMENT

1) Payment shall be inclusive of all materials, installations, finishing, all accessories, treatments,
nails, screws, nuts, bolts, fasteners, storage requirements, all shop drawings and samples.
For fabricated finished carpentry items it shall also include all necessary or required
installed hardware. For rough carpentry, payment shall be inclusive of all temporary and
forming lumber as well as all permanently install lumber.
2) Payment shall be in accordance with Unit Prices in the Bid Price Schedule and the following:

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9.3.1. FINISHED CARPENTRY

1) An amount equal to 10 percent of the lump sum value for finished carpentry shall be paid
upon approval by the Engineer and the Project/DOC of finished carpentry listing submission as
noted under sub-section 3(a).
2) An amount equal to 50 percent of the lump sum value for finished carpentry shall be paid
upon delivery (with adequate storage provisions) of all approved finished carpentry materials
and items.
3) An amount equal to 40 percent of the lump sum value for finished carpentry shall be paid
upon complete installation and acceptance by the Engineer and the Project/DOC of all finished
carpentry materials and items.

9.3.2. ROUGH CARPENTRY

1) An amount equal to 10 percent of the lump sum value for rough carpentry shall be paid upon
approval by the Engineer and the Project/DOC of rough carpentry listing submission as
noted under sub-section 3(a).
2) An amount equal to 50 percent of the lump sum value for rough carpentry shall be paid upon
deliver (with adequate storage provisions) of all approved rough carpentry materials and
items.
3) An amount equal to 40 percent of the lump sum value for rough carpentry shall be paid upon
complete installation and acceptance by the Engineer and the Project/DOC of all rough
carpentry materials and items.

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SECTION 17: FLOOR AND WALL TILE COVERING WORKS

1. DESCRIPTION
This Specification section describes materials, procedures and requirements for the supply and
installation of homogeneous floor and wall tiles. The placing and dimension of tiles shall be in
accordance with the Drawings and as directed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

2. MATERIALS

2.1. TILES

Homogeneous wall and floor tiles shall be standard grade conforming to ANSI A137.1 or an
equivalent of ISO approved locally produced product, in accordance with the following
requirements:

2.1.1. GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

a) Flexural strength: 200 - 220 kg/cm2
b) Water absorption: 3-6%
c) Size tolerance: 0.6%
d) Flatness: 0.5%
e) Concrete surfaces to be covered with homogeneous tiles shall be plastered with
cement mortar trowel finish.

2.2. MORTAR

In accordance with Specification section titled “Cement Mortar”.

2.3. GROUT

A Latex Portland Cement grout in accordance with ANSI A118.6 or as otherwise approved by
the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

3. SUBMITTALS

3.1. TILE PATTERNS AND COLORS

Prior to the ordering of any tiles, the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer and the
Project/DOC manufacturer’s catalog data and sample chips indicating a full range of colors
and styles for each of the above noted tile application areas. From these, the Engineer and the
Project/DOC shall select one color and pattern to be used for all bathroom floors, one color
and pattern to be used for all bathroom walls and no more than six colors and patterns to be
used for non-bathroom wall and floor tiles. All tiles shall be free from cracks or crazing, free
from twisting or warping and uniform in size and color.

3.2. SAMPLE MOUNTINGS

3.2.1. CERAMIC FLOOR TILE

Submit two 30-cm square sheets or mountings showing colors, finish, pattern and form of
each type, with joints between the tiles grouted for approval. Approved sample mountings
shall be used as a base of acceptance of tile works.

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3.2.2. WALL TILE

Submit two 30-cm square sheets or mountings showing size, form, finish, and range and
shades in each color, with joints between the tiles grouted. Approved sample mountings shall
be used as a base of acceptance of tile works.

4. INSTALLATION

4.1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1) Tile work shall not be started until roughing in for mechanical and electrical work has been
completed and tested, and built-in items requiring membrane waterproofing have been installed
and tested. As necessary, coordinate tile layout with other trades to ensure proper alignment of
tile pattern relative to wall openings, washroom fittings, etc.
2) Floor tile installation shall not be started in spaces requiring wall tile until after wall tiles have
been installed.
3) Tile shall be installed with the respective surfaces in true even planes to the elevations and
grades shown.
4) The joints of wall and floor tiles shall be aligned to provide continuity of floor tile joints with
wall tile joints.
5) Joints in ceramic tiles for interior shall be 2 mm wide, uniform and true to line and flushed
with white cement paste. Joints in ceramic floor tiles shall be 2mm wide and also grouted with
cement paste.
6) Surfaces to receive tile mortar shall be clean and free of dust, dirt, oil, grease and other
deleterious substances.
7) Mortar beds for floor tiles shall be placed on a rough or “scratched” surface that has been
properly prepared during initial concrete placement. If in the opinion of the Engineer and the
Project/DOC, the concrete floor surface to receive a mortar bed floor tiling is not a properly
prepared surface, surface roughening shall be accomplished, prior to mortar bed placement as
required by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
8) Wall tiles shall be placed on plaster surfaces that have previously been prepared with a
“scratched” or roughened surface finish. If in the opinion of the Engineer and the Project/DOC,
plastered wall surface to receive wall tiling is not a properly prepared surface, surface
roughening shall be accomplished, prior to mortar placement as required by the Engineer and
the Project/DOC.
9) Mortar beds for floors shall be from 32 to 50 mm thick and shall be placed to facilitate floor
drainage and proper alignment with abutting surfaces after tile placement.
10) Homogeneous Tile grout shall be prepared and installed in accordance with ANSI A108.10 or
as otherwise approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

4.2. CLEANING

1) After installation and grouting, clean all floor and wall tile surfaces in a manner not to affect
tiles.
2) Should acid cleaning become necessary, it shall be done with a muriatic acid according to the
manufacturer's instructions no sooner than 14 days after setting tile.

4.3. CURING

1) Cover floors with 13-kg natural kraft paper (or other similar approved material) with joints
overlapping at least 10 cm and tape-sealed or held down with planks or other weights.
2) Allow to floor tiled areas to “damp cure” for at least 72 hours before permitting foot traffic.

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4.4. PREPARATION OF MORTAR MIXES

Measure mortar materials in approved containers to ensure that proportions of materials will
be controlled and accurately maintained. Measuring materials with shovels is not permitted.
Unless specified otherwise, mix mortar in proportions by volume in approved mixing
machines or mortar boxes. Control the quantity of water accurately and uniformly.

5. DELIVERY AND STORAGE

Materials shall be delivered to the project site in manufacturer's original unopened containers
with seals unbroken and labels and hallmarks intact. Containers shall be clearly marked noting
the color and tile type. Materials shall be kept dry, protected from weather and stored under
cover.

6. WARRANTY
Manufacturer's standard performance guarantees or warranties that extend through a 1-year
period shall be provided.

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SECTION 18: TERRAZZO WORKS

1. DESCRIPTION
This Specification section describes materials, procedures and requirements for providing and
installing terrazzo flooring in locations as shown on the drawings or required by the Engineer
and the Project/DOC.

2. MATERIALS
1) Cement shall conform to requirements of ASTM C150, Type I Portland cement and be white in
color.
2) Sand shall be clean, hard, and natural or manufacture conform the gradation for fine aggregates
in ASTM C 33.
3) Marble or granite chips to be used for terrazzo work shall be hard, durable standard quarry
products of sizes and colors necessary to match samples approved by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC. Chips grading shall be as follows:
a) Percentage (by weight) passing through 12 mm mesh screen: 80%
b) Percentage (by weight) passing through 2.5 mm mesh screen: 20%
4) Color pigments shall be added to the matrix cement mortar to produce the required color
pattern and shall be lime proof, non-fading or synthetic pigments.
5) Water shall be clean, clear and potable.
6) Sealer shall be penetrating type, free from harmful alkali or acid contents. The sealer should be
material that is specially prepared and manufactured for the terrazzo applications.
7) Cleaners shall be neutral liquids prepared and marketed for the terrazzo applications.

3. SUBMITTALS
Prior to purchase and installation, terrazzo samples shall be submitted for approval of the
Engineer and the Project/DOC. The samples as approved by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC shall be used as the bases of accepting or rejecting materials delivered and
placed for the work.

4. PREPARATION OF SURFACES
The surface of concrete to receive terrazzo shall be thoroughly cleaned of all plaster, oil, dirt
and any other deleterious substances. Prior to the placement of terrazzo mortar beds, the
concrete surface shall be saturated with water.

5. INSTALLATION

5.1. CAST -IN-PLACE TERRAZZO FLOORING

1) Following the cleaning of floors and removal of excess water, brass divider strips 5 x 16 mm in
size shall be installed prior to the application of the base mortar. They shall be anchored and set
in place to the dimensions and alignment shown on the drawings with due regards for floor
drainage.
2) Following the brushing of the floor area with a neat cement paste, a cement mortar-bed in the
proportion of one part cement to four parts of sand shall be screeded and compacted to grade to
within 3.2 cm. of finished floor grade.

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3) The marble or granite chips shall be mixed with white cement paste to a ratio of 1:2.5 in
volume. The total thickness of terrazzo including base mortar shall be 5 cm thick.
4) Unless otherwise indicated on the drawings floor terrazzo shall have a minimum thickness of 5
cm. - consisting of approximately 3.2 cm. of topping and 1.8 cm. of mortar under-bed.
5) The terrazzo topping shall be applied within 48 hours following the application of the mortar
setting bed, which shall be soaked with water and brushed with a cement paste. The fresh
topping surface shall be rolled with heavy rollers into a compact mass, extracting all excess
water. The surface shall then be hand troweled, disclosing the lines of the divider strips.
6) When the terrazzo has set sufficiently hard, it shall be machine rubbed using grit abrasive
stones for initial grinding. During this operation an excess amount of water shall be used.
7) Immediately following initial grinding, the terrazzo surfaces shall be cleaned and all voids
filled with a grout composed of the same ingredients as used for the original terrazzo material.
The Contractor shall allow time for proper curing of grout fill before proceeding with final
grinding.
8) Protect flooring matrix after laying for not less than 72 hours prohibiting all traffic and surface
contact.
9) Final grinding (polishing) shall be carried out using a fine rubbing stone. An excess amount of
water shall be sprayed over the floor surface during this operation.
10) Terrazzo surfaces after polishing shall thoroughly be cleaned with soap and water, followed by
thorough rinsing to remove all grinding and foreign material. This cleaning operation shall
include walls, equipment and appurtenances, which have been splattered during the terrazzo
installation.
11) After cleaning the floor shall then be allowed to dry and one coat of an approved sealer shall be
applied taking care to completely seal and fill the floor but not - leave an excessive amount of
sealer on the surface.

5.2. TERRAZZO TILES AND BLOCKS

1) If the Engineer and the Project/DOC approves the use of terrazzo tiles and blocks, they shall be
pre-cast to dimensions as approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC. Unless otherwise
agreed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC, the method of pre-casting terrazzo tiles shall be
the same as for the terrazzo in-place described above. The mortar bed and terrazzo tile
thickness shall be as approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
2) On a freshly placed mortar bed cast-in-place terrazzo, pre-cast terrazzo tiles and blocks shall be
laid plumb with butt joints.
3) Protect flooring matrix after laying terrazzo tiles for not less than 72 hours prohibiting all
traffic and surface contact.
4) After placement (polishing) shall be carried out using a fine rubbing stone. An excess amount
of water shall be sprayed over the floor surface during this operation.
5) Terrazzo surfaces after polishing shall thoroughly be cleaned with soap and water, followed by
thorough rinsing to remove all grinding and foreign material. This cleaning operation shall
include walls, equipment and appurtenances, which have been splattered during the terrazzo
installation.
6) After cleaning the floor shall then be allowed to dry and one coat of an approved sealer shall be
applied taking care to completely seal and fill the floor but not - leave an excessive amount of
sealer on the surface.

5.3. TERRAZZO BASE

Pre-cast terrazzo base shall be placed with but joints on a mortar backing of a thickness
approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC. After a period on not less than 72 hours,

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polishing and cleaning shall be accomplished in accordance with above procedures and
requirements for terrazzo flooring.

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SECTION 19: VINYL FLOOR COVERING

1. GENERAL

1.1. SUMMARY

1) Section Includes:
Vinyl sheet floor covering.
2) Related Sections:
Division 09 Section "Resilient Base and Accessories" for resilient base, reducer strips, and
other accessories installed with resilient floor coverings.

1.2. SUBMITTALS

1) Product Data: For each type of product indicated.

2) Samples for Verification: In manufacturer's standard size, but not less than 6 by 9 inch (150
mm. x 230 mm.) sections of each different color and pattern of floor covering required.
For heat-welding bead, manufacturer's standard-size samples, but not less than 9 inches (230
mm) long of each color required.
3) Maintenance Data: For each type of floor covering to include in maintenance manuals.

1.3. QUALITY ASSURANCE

1) Installer Qualifications: A qualified installer who employs workers for this Project who are
competent in techniques required by manufacturer for floor covering installation and seaming
method indicated.
Engage an installer who employs workers for this Project who are trained or certified by floor
covering manufacturer for installation techniques required.
2) Fire-Test-Response Characteristics: As determined by testing identical products
according to ASTM E 648 or NFPA 253 by a qualified testing agency or ISO approval.
Critical Radiant Flux Classification: Class I, not less than 0.45 W/sq. cm.

1.4. DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Store floor coverings and installation materials in dry spaces protected from the weather
with ambient temperatures maintained within range recommended by manufacturer, but not
less than 50 deg F (10 deg C) or more than 90 deg F (32 deg C). Store rolls upright

1.5. PROJECT CONDITIONS

1) Maintain ambient temperatures within range recommended by manufacturer, but not less than
70 deg F (21 deg C) or more than 85 deg F (29 deg C), in spaces to receive floor coverings
during the following time periods:

- 48 hours before installation. During installation.

- 48 hours after installation.
2) Until Substantial Completion, maintain ambient temperatures within range recommended by
manufacturer, but not less than 55 deg F (13 deg C) or more than 95 deg F (35 deg C).
3) Close spaces to traffic during floor covering installation.
4) Close spaces to traffic for 48 hours after floor covering installation.

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5) Install floor coverings after other finishing operations, including painting, have been
completed.

2. PRODUCTS

2.1. VINYL SHEET FLOOR COVERING

1) Basis-of-Design: Products indicated in Room Finish Schedule and Color Legend by

Mannington Mills, Inc. Subject to compliance with requirements; provide the Basis- of-Design
product or an approved equal product by one of the following manufacturers:
2) Unbacked Vinyl Sheet Floor Covering: ASTM F 1913, 0.080 inch (2.0 mm) thick.
3) Wearing Surface: Smooth.
4) Sheet Width: As standard with manufacturer.
5) Seaming Method: Heat welded.
6) Colors and Patterns: As indicated by manufacturer's designations in Finish Schedule and Color
Legend.
Technical data
Type of floor covering Homogeneous pressed
vinyl flooring. single layered
Classification Commercial

Wear layer thickness N/A 2.0mm

Polyurethane reinforced yes
Total thickness N/A 2.0mm
Total weight/m2 3150g
Dimensional stability < 0.40%
Abrasion Volume loss/ Durability Taber
Abrasion ASTM D-3884 Excellent
Residual indentation EN 433 Approx 0.06mm
Castors wheel test EN 425 Suitable
Under floor heating DIN 52612 Suitable
-max.27 C ASTM F– 970 0.004”
Static electrical charge EN 1815 < 2kV

Impact sound reduction EN ISO 717/2 Approx +4 dB

Thermal resistance DIN 52612 0.011m2 K/W

Reaction to fire EN ISO 13501-1 Class Bf1s1

EN ISO 9239-1 >8kW/m2
Fire Resistance EN ISO 11925-2 Pass
ASTM E-648 Class 1>0.45
Light fastness EN ISO 105-B02 > level 6

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Chemical resistance EN 423 /ASTM F-925 Good resistance

Fungi and Bacteria resistance DIN EN ISO 846-A/C ASTM G-21
ASTM F-925 Does not favor growth

Clean Room test ASTM F51/00 Class A

DIN 51130 R9

Slip resistance ASTM D-2047 A.D.A Compliant>0.60

EN13893 > 0.3
Water Absorption ASTM D-570 <1.0%

2.2. INSTALLATION MATERIALS

1) Trowelable Leveling and Patching Compounds: Latex-modified, portland cement based or

blended hydraulic-cement-based formulation provided or approved by manufacturer for
applications indicated.
2) Adhesives: Water-resistant type recommended by manufacturer to suit floor covering and
substrate conditions indicated.
Use adhesives that have a VOC content of not more than 50 g/L when calculated according to
40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA Method 24).
3) Seamless-Installation Accessories:
a) Heat-Welding Bead: Manufacturer's solid-strand product for heat welding seams.
b) Color: Match floor covering.
4) Integral-Flash-Cove-Base Accessories:
a) Cove Strip: 1-inch (25-mm) radius provided or approved by manufacturer.
b) Cap Strip: Square metal, vinyl, or rubber cap provided or approved by manufacturer.
c) Corners: Metal inside and outside corners and end stops provided or approved by
manufacturer.
5) Floor Polish: Provide protective liquid floor polish products as recommended by manufacturer.

3. EXECUTION

3.1. EXAMINATION

1) Examine substrates, with Installer present, for compliance with requirements for maximum
moisture content and other conditions affecting performance of the Work.
2) Verify that finishes of substrates comply with tolerances and other requirements specified in
other Sections and that substrates are free of cracks, ridges, depressions, scale, and foreign
deposits that might interfere with adhesion of floor coverings.
3) Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

3.2. PREPARATION

1) Prepare substrates according to manufacturer's written instructions to ensure adhesion of floor

coverings.

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2) Concrete Substrates: Prepare according to ASTM F 710.

Verify that substrates are dry and free of curing compounds, sealers and hardeners.
Remove substrate coatings and other substances that are incompatible with adhesives and that
contain soap, wax, oil, or silicone using mechanical methods recommended by manufacturer.
Do not use solvents.

- Alkalinity and Adhesion Testing: Perform tests recommended by manufacturer. Proceed

with installation only after substrates pass testing.
- Moisture Testing: Perform tests recommended by manufacturer and as follows. Proceed with
installation only after substrates pass testing.
- Perform anhydrous calcium chloride test, ASTM F 1869. Proceed with installation only after
substrates have maximum moisture-vapor-emission rate of 3 lb of water/1000 sq. ft. (1.36 kg of
water/92.9 sq. m) in 24 hours.
- Perform relative humidity test using in situ probes, ASTM F 2170. Proceed with installation
only after substrates have a maximum 75 percent relative humidity level measurement.
3) Fill cracks, holes and depressions in substrates with trowelable leveling and patching
compound and remove bumps and ridges to produce a uniform and smooth substrate.
4) Do not install floor coverings until they are same temperature as space where they are to be
installed.
Move floor coverings and installation materials into spaces where they will be installed at
least 48 hours in advance of installation.
5) Sweep and vacuum clean substrates to be covered by floor coverings immediately before
installation.

3.3. FLOOR COVERING INSTALLATION

1) Comply with manufacturer's written instructions for installing floor coverings.

2) Unroll floor coverings and allow them to stabilize before cutting and fitting.
3) Lay out floor coverings as follows: Maintain uniformity of floor covering direction.
Minimize number of seams; place seams in inconspicuous and low-traffic areas, at least 6
inches (152 mm) away from parallel joints in floor covering substrates.
Match edges of floor coverings for color shading at seams. Avoid cross seams.
1) Scribe and cut floor coverings to butt neatly and tightly to vertical surfaces, permanent fixtures
and built-in furniture including cabinets, pipes, outlets and door frames.
2) Extend floor coverings into toe spaces, door reveals, closets and similar openings.
3) Maintain reference markers, holes, or openings that are in place or marked for future cutting by
repeating on floor coverings as marked on substrates. Use chalk or other non-permanent
marking device.
4) Install floor coverings on covers for telephone and electrical ducts and similar items in
installation areas. Maintain overall continuity of color and pattern between pieces of floor
coverings installed on covers and adjoining floor covering. Tightly adhere floor covering edges
to substrates that abut covers and to cover perimeters.
5) Adhere floor coverings to substrates using a full spread of adhesive applied to substrate to
produce a complete installation without open cracks, voids, raising and puckering at joints,
telegraphing of adhesive spreader marks, and other surface imperfections.
6) Seamless Installation:

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Heat-Welded Seams: Comply with ASTM F 1516. Rout joints and use welding bead to
permanently fuse sections into a seamless floor covering. Prepare, weld and finish seams to
produce surfaces flush with adjoining floor covering surfaces.
7) Integral-Flash-Cove Base: Cove floor coverings (100 mm) up vertical surfaces, unless
otherwise indicated. Support floor coverings at horizontal and vertical junction by cove strip.
Butt at top against cap strip.
a) Install metal corners at inside and outside corners.
b) Install vinyl flooring over approved substrate, in accordance with manufacture written
installation instructions using conventional full spread method with adhesive
approved by manufacture specification. The joint shall be heat welded with welding
rod, if it is required for sheet vinyl, provide an integral cover-up by extending the
flooring material 100mm skirting supported by a cover former. Cap the integral
coving with an approved capping strip installed in accordance with the
manufacturer’s recommendations.

3.4. CLEANING AND PROTECTION

1) Comply with manufacturer's written instructions for cleaning and protection of floor coverings.
2) Perform the following operations immediately after completing floor covering installation:
Remove adhesive and other blemishes from floor covering surfaces. Sweep and vacuum floor
coverings thoroughly.
Damp-mop floor coverings to remove marks and soil.
a) Protect floor coverings from mars, marks, indentations and other damage from
construction operations and placement of equipment and fixtures during remainder of
construction period.
b) Floor Polish: Remove soil, visible adhesive and surface blemishes from floor
covering before applying liquid floor polish.
3) Apply manufacturer’s recommended number of coat(s).
4) Cover floor coverings until Substantial Completion.

3.5. WARRANTY

Manufacturer's standard performance guarantees or warranties that extend through a 1-year

period shall be provided.

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SECTION 20: PAINTING WORKS

1. DESCRIPTION
1) This Specification section describes requirements and procedures for painting works.
2) In conjunction with the requirements and stipulations of this Specification section the
Contractor shall furnish labor, materials tools accessories and equipment necessary to
complete all painting work as indicated on the Drawings and as herein.

2. GENERAL
1) All painting shall be done in accordance with these specifications and recommendations
of the paint manufacturer. Where there is conflict between manufacturer’s
recommendations and these specification requirements, the most stringent of the conditions
shall be applicable, unless otherwise approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
2) The Contractor shall paint all equipment forming part of this Contract that is located in
the various equipment rooms or in general view by the public. All ferrous parts, which
are not plated or galvanized, shall be painted regardless of location. The finish colors shall
be agreed with the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
3) All sharp edges and loose materials of any kind, including mill scale, rust, welding scale and
spatter, shall be removed before priming. Red lead to other priming treatment properly
applied by the supplier may be removed or left on as desired. Any material that so requires
shall be stopped, filled or knotted.
4) The whole of work shall be executed to give a uniform finish, color and texture. Finishes
shall completely cover and obscure base construction and priming coats and shall be free from
all irregularities, defects and brush marks.

3. SUBMITTALS
The Contractor shall supply manufacturer’s information and data for all paints and
coatings proposed for use to the Architect/Project Manager for approval. Such shall as a
minimum include a complete description of the product, safety precautions and
recommendations, surface preparation requirements and procedures, recommended
application/coverage rates, product shelf life, compatibility as well as color charts for color
selection.

4. MATERIALS

4.1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1) Painting or coating system for specified surface shall be as noted on the drawings and/or as
specified herein and approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC. Products of other
manufacturers, comparable in quality and type to those specified or noted on the drawings,
may be acceptable if satisfactory data on past performance in similar plants, composition,
directions for use and other information are submitted for approval.
2) All materials shall be delivered in the shop or on the site in unbroken, sealed and labeled
containers of the paint manufacturer, and shall be subject to inspection by the Engineer and
the Project/DOC. Labels shall clearly state name of manufacturer, name of paint and type,
color and date of manufacturing.
3) In any paint system (primer, undercoats, intermediate coat and finishing coats) each coat
of paint shall be compatible with the other. To ensure this, all paint shall be obtained
from the same approved manufacturer with a guarantee of compatibility.
4) Sufficient time shall be allowed for drying between each new coat of paint and/or primer.
5) Painting products shall be ISO approval.
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4.2. APPLICATIONS

4.2.1. ROOF TRUSSES AND DECK PLATES

- one shop coat of anti-corrosive paint prior to its delivery to the site;
- two finish coats of oil paint shall be applied after erection of the steel structure at the
site.

4.2.2. STEEL DOORS AND MISCELLANEOUS STEEL SURFACES

- one coat of anti-corrosive paint;
- two coats of enamel paint.

4.2.3. PLASTER/MASONRY/CONCRETE
- Three coats of emulsion paint as indicated on drawings.

4.2.4. GALVANIZED METALWORK

- Galvanized steelwork to be painted shall be first etched with 5% acetic acid and
washed clean before priming.

4.2.5. METAL, INCLUDING STEEL PIPING

- one coat of anti-corrosive paint;
- two coats of enamel paint. Sufficient time shall be allowed for drying between each new
coat.

4.2.6. ALUMINUM
- one coat of zinc chromate prime immediately after treatment.
- one coat of undercoat
- one coat of hard drying gloss paint

5. SCAFFOLDING
1) The Contractor shall supply, erect and afterwards remove all scaffolding, ladders and
temporary platforms, required for all painting work.
2) This scaffolding shall be permitted to be used by other trades for the hanging and replacing of
fittings, fixtures, and appurtenances which have been temporarily removed to allow for
the proper proceeding of the painting work. The work of the other trades shall not interfere
with or impede the painter’s work.
3) The support or bracing of any part of any scaffolding from or to any wall, sill, or window
frame is strictly prohibited. All scaffolding must be strongly and safely built as an
independent structure supported only by the floor or ground.

6. PREPARATION OF SURFACES

6.1. GENERAL

1) All surfaces to be painted shall be thoroughly cleaned, by effective means, of all foreign
substances. Cleaning shall be done with approved solvents, power wire brushing, scraping
or sandblasting.
2) Hardware, electrical fixtures and similar accessories shall be removed or suitably masked
during preparation and painting operations.

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6.2. METAL SURFACES

Metal surfaces shall be clean and free from flaking, bubbling, rust, loose scale and
welding splatter. Grinding shall dull sharp edges. Oil and grease shall be thoroughly
removed by mineral spirits or solvents. Priming shall be done immediately after cleaning to
prevent new rusting.

6.3. ALUMINUM SURFACES

Thoroughly prepare, removing all dirt, grease, builders, residue, salt deposits and corrosion
products. Rub down thoroughly overall with abrasive paper to obtain adequate key for
priming.

6.4. WOOD SURFACES

6.4.1. GENERAL
Wood surfaces shall be sanded to a smooth surface. No wood shall be painted or
finished unless it is sufficiently dry and smooth. The joint shall be sealed to prevent
contamination of bacteria.

6.4.2. PAINTED WOOD

1) All sapwood, streaks and knots shall be sealed with an approved sealing material. Excess
natural resin shall be removed with a blowtorch, scraper or solvent. The prime coat shall
then be applied after which, when dry, nail and knot holes shall be filled with putty, allowed
to dry, and sanded.
2) Paints shall be applied in 3 coats of enamel fungi, bacteria and chemical resistance
including one coat of primer paint. Sufficient time shall be allowed for drying and smooth
between each new coat.

6.4.3. VARNISHED WOOD

Varnish shall be applied in 3 coats to a clear and uniform finish to reveal the grain of the
wood.

6.5. CONCRETE AND MASONRY SURFACES

1) Concrete and masonry surfaces shall be left at least one month before painting. All concrete
surfaces shall be cleaned of all dust, form oil, curing compounds and other foreign matter.
2) Efflorescence shall be removed using a 15 to 20 percent muriatic acid solution.
3) Surface preparation shall be done in accordance with painting or coating manufacturer’s
recommendations.

6.6. PLASTERED SURFACES

1) Plastered surfaces shall be painted not less than 60 days after application or moisture
less than 10 percent. No efflorescence shall appear.
2) Surface preparation shall be done in accordance with painting or coating manufacturer’s
recommendations.

7. WORKMANSHIP
1) All painting shall be done strictly in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications and
recommendations.

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2) The Contractor will provide work areas for storage and mixing of all painting materials.
Painting materials shall be stockpiled in a neat manner to facilitate finding them and
preventing their loss or misuse.
3) Painting wastes shall be disposed of promptly in proper containers outside the building.
No plumbing fixture or drainage system shall be used for disposal.

8. APPLICATION OF PAINTS

8.1. GENERAL

The Contractor shall apply each coating in quantities and/or mil thickness in
accordance with manufacturer’s recommended application rates, producing an even film
of uniform thickness. If paint has thickened or must be diluted for application by spray gun,
the coating shall be built up to the same film thickness achieved with undiluted
material. The coverage of paint must remain the same, whatever method of application
shall be used.

8.2. DRYING

Drying time shall be allowed before additional coats shall be applied. Where conditions are
other than normal, because of weather, or where painting is done in confined areas, longer
drying time will be necessary.

8.3. APPLICATION

8.3.1. GENERAL
1) Paint shall be applied either with brushes, by means of rollers or spraying machines to obtain
a uniform even coating.
2) Paint shall be approximately of the same temperature as that of the surface on which it
shall be applied.
3) All surfaces shall be sanded lightly between coats and dusted before the succeeding coat
shall be applied.
4) One gallon of paint as originally furnished by the manufacturer shall not cover a greater area
when applied by spray gun than when applied un-thinned by brush. Deficiencies in film
thickness shall be corrected by the application of additional coat (s).
5) On masonry, application rates will vary according to surface texture; however in no case
shall the manufacturer’s stated coverage rate be exceeded.
6) On porous surfaces it shall be the painter’s responsibility to achieve a protective and
decorative finish either by decreasing the coverage rate or by applying additional coats of
paint.

8.3.2. BRUSH
The primary movement of the brush shall describe a series of small circles to
thoroughly fill all irregularities in the surface after which the coating shall be
smoothed and thinned by a series of parallel strokes.

8.3.3. ROLLER
Application shall be by rolling the second coat at right angles to the first coat.

8.3.4. SPRAYER
1) Spray painting shall only be permitted in areas approved by the Engineer and the
Project/DOC.

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2) Any equipment located in such areas shall be completely enclosed in a manner satisfactory
to the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
3) Spray equipment shall be of ample capacity for the work and shall at all times be kept clean
and in good working order.
4) Spray guns shall be suited to the type of paint specified and shall be operated with
orifices, nozzles and air pressure adjusted to consistency.
5) Spray painting shall be done by persons experienced with this type of equipment.
6) Paint pots shall be of ample capacity and shall be equipped with means of controlling
air pressure on the pot independently of the pressure on the gun.
7) Air lines shall be equipped with water traps to positively remove condensed moisture.
8) If satisfactory work with any one of the application methods is not expected or not
obtained, the Engineer and the Project/DOC will decide which method shall be used. On
surfaces inaccessible for brushes, and where spraying is not being employed, the paint
shall be applied with daubers specially constructed for the purpose.

9. VENTILATION
In enclosed areas where painting systems using strong solvents are specified, a forced air
ventilation system shall be provided.
All treatment shall be done in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

10. SHOP PAINTING

10.1. GENERAL

1) Except for galvanized metal surfaces and other specified coatings all mechanical and
electrical equipment and ferrous metals are to be painted at the place of the manufacturer’s
or fabrication. This shall be carried out to the extent and as required under the various
other sections of the specifications or other contracts.
2) The Contractor shall be responsible for checking the compatibility of the shop paints with
the field applied touch-up and finish paints.
3) Items shop painted shall not be transported until adequate drying time has elapsed. Shop
painting consists of either shop priming or shop applied finish coating.

10.2. SHOP PRIMING

All structural steel, miscellaneous ferrous metal and metal castings shall be shop primed
before delivery to the site. This prime coat is to be applied after fabrication and before
exposure to the weather.

10.3. SHOP APPLIED FINISH COATING

All equipment including machinery and metal cabinets shall be shop painted with at least
one rust resisting prime coat and two finished coats. All paint damages shall be repaired at
no additional cost to the satisfaction of the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

11. FIELD PAINTING

11.1. GENERAL

All painting at the site shall be designated field painting and shall consist of field
priming and field painting to provide finish coating. The work shall be under the close

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supervision of the Contractor. The Engineer and the Project/DOC shall be advised of all
painting work in advance so that surface preparation may be inspected prior to application.

11.2. FIELD PRIMING

Any structural steel, miscellaneous metal and other metals which arrive at the site
unpainted shall be cleaned and field primed. Surfaces that have been shop primed and have
been damaged in shipment and/or in installation or where shop prime has deteriorated shall
be promptly cleaned and retouched before any successive painting is done in the field. Shop
primed surfaces damaged by field welding shall be cleaned and field primed.

11.3. FIELD PAINTING

1) Equipment, which is customarily shipped with a baked-on enamel finish or with a standard
factory finish, shall not be field painted unless the finish has been damaged in transit or
during installation.
2) Successive coats of paint shall be tinted so as to make each coat easily distinguishable from
each other with the final undercoat tinted to the appropriate shade of the finished coat.
3) Finish surfaces shall not show brush marks or other irregularities.
4) Undercoats of metal surfaces shall be sanded to remove defects and provide a smooth
surface. Tops and bottoms of doors shall be painted.
5) Painting shall be continuous and shall be accomplished in an orderly manner so as to
facilitate inspection.
6) Surfaces of exposed members that will be inaccessible after erection shall be cleaned and
painted before erection.
7) Any defective paint changes in color or incompatible paint with undercoat shall be scrapped
off and repainted.

12. APPEARANCE
1) The finished surfaces shall be free from runs, drops and brush marks, exhibiting good hiding,
spreading and leveling.
2) Only erection marks will be allowed. After the erection has been completed, the Contractor
shall paint over all erection marks, areas left unpainted for erection purposes and damaged
spots. Touching up shall be done with the same primers and finish coats as used originally
on both shop and field painted surfaces.

13. MIXING AND THINNING

1) Paints shall be thoroughly stirred, strained and kept at a uniform consistency during the
application.
2) Mixing of pigments to be added shall be done strictly as recommended by the
manufacturer.
3) Where thinning is required, only the products of the manufacturer furnishing the paint and
recommend for the particular purpose shall be allowed, according to instructions.

14. COLORS
1) Colors shall be in accordance with drawing requirements and approved by the Engineer
and the Project/DOC based on paint manufacturer’s color charts provided by the
Contractor. The Contractor shall provide such charts to the Engineer and the
Project/DOC/Architect for color selection as part of his paint material submittal.

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2) Colors of finish coats for machinery, control panels and other factory made equipment
which have to be applied in the shop shall be as specified in other Specification sections
or as indicated on the Drawings or approved by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

15. PROTECTION AND CLEANING

1) The Contractor shall protect all floors, walls and other adjacent areas and equipment from
droppings by covering with tarpaulins, masking or otherwise. Dripped or spattered paint
shall be promptly removed.
2) Painted surfaces shall be carefully protected upon completion of the work.

16. INSPECTION
1) All phases of the work shall be subject to inspection to assure proper performance of
the specifications. All deficiencies identified by the Engineer and the Project/DOC shall be
remedied.
2) Prime coats and each succeeding coat shall be inspected and approved before additional
coats shall be applied.

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SECTION 21: PROTECTIVE COATING WORKS

1. GENERAL

1.1. THE REQUIREMENT

1) The Contractor shall provide protective coatings, complete and in place, in accordance
with the Contract Documents.
Definitions:
2) The term "paint," "coatings," or "finishes" as used herein, shall include surface treatments,
emulsions, enamels, paints, epoxy resins, and all other protective coatings, except
galvanizing or anodizing, whether used as a pre-treatment primer, intermediate coat, or finish
coat.
3) The term "DFT" means minimum dry film thickness.
4) The following surfaces shall not be protective coated hereunder unless indicated are:

- Concrete.
- Stainless Steel.
- Machined Surfaces.
- Grease Fittings.
- Glass.
- Equipment Nameplates.
- Platform gratings, stair treads, door thresholds and other walk surfaces.
- Plastic and Fiberglass Surfaces
- Embedded Steel in Concrete.
- Factory pre-finished surfaces such as baked-on enamel, porcelain, or other similar
finish.
5) The coating system schedules summarize the surfaces to be coated, the required surface
preparation, and the coating systems to be applied. Coatings noted on the Drawings are
used to show exceptions to the schedules, to show or extend the limits of coating systems or
to clarify or show details for application of the coating systems.
6) Architectural Coatings: Wood, drywall and plaster surfaces shall be coated in accordance
with Architectural Paint Finishes. All other surfaces of buildings shall be coated as
indicated in this Section.

1.2. CONTRACTOR SUBMITTALS

General: Submittals shall be furnished in accordance with - Contractor Submittals, unless

indicated otherwise below.
Submittals shall include the following information and be submitted at least 30 days prior
to protective coating work:

- Coating Materials List: Eight copies of a coating materials list showing the Manufacturer
and the coating number, keyed to the coating systems herein. The list shall be submitted prior
to or at the time of submittal of samples.
- Paint Manufacturer's Information: For each coating system to be used, the following
data:

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- Paint Manufacturer's data sheet for each product proposed including statements on the
suitability of the material for the intended use.
- Technical and performance information that demonstrates compliance with the system
performance and material requirements.
- Paint Manufacturer's instructions and recommendations on surface preparation and
application.
- Colors available for each product (where applicable).
- Compatibility of shop and field applied coatings (where applicable).
- Material Safety Data Sheet for each product used.

1.3. CODES

The Work of this Section shall comply with the current edition of the Uniform
Building Code.

1.4. SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS

1) Except as otherwise indicated, the current editions of the following apply to the Work of this
Section:

- References herein to "SSPC Specifications" or "SSPC" shall mean the published standards of
the SSPC: The Society for Protective Coatings, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
- References herein to "NACE" shall mean the published standards of the National Association
of Corrosion Engineers, P.O. Box 986, Katy, TX USA.
2) Commercial Standards:

ANSI A13.1 Scheme for Identification of Piping Systems

ANSI/AWWA C105 Polyethylene Encasement for Ductile Iron Pipe
Systems
ANSI/AWWA C203 Coal-Tar Protective Coatings and Linings for Steel
Water Pipelines - Enamel and Tape-Hot-Applied
ANSI/AWWA C209 Cold-Applied Tape Coatings for the Exterior of
Special Sections, Connections, and Fittings for
Steel Water Pipelines
ANSI/AWWA D102 Coating Steel Water-Storage Tanks
OSHA 1910.144 Safety Color Code for Marking Physical Hazards

3) Requirements for Regulatory Agencies: Coatings for surfaces in contact with potable
water or water being treated for potable use shall not impart any taste or odor to the water or
result in any organic or inorganic content in excess of the maximum contaminant level
established by applicable laws or regulations including NSF Standards. All such coatings
shall be approved by the applicable regulatory agency. Revise painting systems specified
herein to provide manufacturer’s regulatory agency approved coating system where
required. All painting systems shall be VOC compliant.

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1.5. INSPECTION AND TESTING

1) General: The Contractor shall give the Project Manager a minimum of 3 days' advance notice
of the start of any field surface preparation work or coating application work, and a minimum
of 7 days' advance notice of the start of any shop surface preparation work.
2) All such work shall be performed only in the presence of the Project Manager, unless the
Project Manager has granted prior approval to perform such work in its absence.
3) Inspection by the Project Manager, or the waiver of inspection of any particular portion
of the work, shall not relieve the Contractor of its responsibility to perform the work in
accordance with this Specification.
4) Scaffolding shall be erected and moved to locations where requested by the Project
Manager to facilitate inspection. Additional illumination shall be furnished when the Project
Manager requests.
5) Inspection Devices: The Contractor shall furnish, until final acceptance of such coatings,
inspection devices in good working condition for the detection of holidays and measurement
of dry-film thicknesses of protective coatings. Dry-film thickness gauges shall be made
available for the Project Manager’s use at all times while coating is being done, until
final acceptance of such coatings. The Contractor shall furnish the services of a trained
operator of the holiday detection devices until the final acceptance of such coatings.
Holiday detection devices shall be operated only in the presence of the Project Manager.
6) Film Thickness Testing: On ferrous metals, the dry film coating thickness shall be
measured in accordance with the SSPC "Paint Application Specification No. 2" using a
magnetic-type dry film thickness gauge such as Mikrotest model FM, Elcometer model
111/1EZ, or equal. Each coat shall be tested for the correct thickness. No measurements
shall be made until at least 8 hours after application of the coating. On non-ferrous metals and
other substrates, the coating thicknesses shall be measured at the time of application using a
wet film gauge.
7) Evaluation of Surface Preparation: Evaluation of blast cleaned surface preparation work
will be based upon comparison of the blasted surfaces with the standard samples available
from the NACE, using NACE standard TM-01-70.

2. PRODUCTS

2.1. GENERAL

1) Suitability: Use suitable coating materials as recommended by the Manufacturer.

2) Compatibility: In any coating system only compatible materials from a single Manufacturer
shall be used in the Work. Particular attention shall be directed to compatibility of
primers and finish coats. If necessary, a barrier coat shall be applied between existing prime
coat and subsequent field coats to ensure compatibility.
3) Containers: Coating materials shall be sealed in containers that plainly show the designated
name, formula or specification number, batch number, color, date of manufacture, and
name of manufacturer, all of which shall be plainly legible at the time of use.
4) Colors: All colors and shades of colors of all coats of paint shall be as indicated or selected
by the Architect/Project Manager. Each coat shall be of a slightly different shade, to
facilitate inspection of surface coverage of each coat. Finish colors shall be as selected from
the manufacturer's standard color samples by the Architect/Project Manager.
5) Substitute or "Or-Equal" Products:
To establish equality, furnish satisfactory documentation from the manufacturer of the
proposed substitute or “or-equal” product that the material meets the indicated
requirements and is equivalent or better in the following properties:

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- Quality.
- Durability.
- Resistance to abrasion and physical damage.
- Life expectancy.
- Ability to recoat in future.
- Solids content by volume.
- Dry film thickness per coat.
- Compatibility with other coatings.
- Suitability for the intended service.
- Resistance to chemical attack.
- Temperature limitations in service and during application.
- Type and quality of recommended undercoats and topcoats.
- Ease of application.
- Ease of repairing damaged areas.
- Stability of colors.
6) Protective Coating Materials shall be standard products produced by recognized
manufacturers who are regularly engaged in production of such materials for essentially
identical service conditions. Where requested, provide the Project Manager with the names
of not less than 10 successful applications of the proposed manufacturer's products which
comply with these requirements.
7) The cost of all testing and analyzing proposed substitute products which may be required by
the Project Manager shall be paid by the Contractor at no additional cost to the Employer. If
a proposed substitution requires changes in the Work, bear all such costs involved and the
costs of allied trades affected by the substitution at no additional cost to the Employer.

2.2. INDUSTRIAL COATING SYSTEMS

Materials for protective coating shall be from at least one of acceptable manufacturers,
verified by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

2.3. COLORS AND FINISHES

1) Surface treatments and finishes are shown under “Painting Systems” below. All
substrates scheduled under “Painting Systems” shall be painted whether or not shown on the
Contract Drawings, or in Schedules, unless an item is specifically scheduled as not requiring
the painting system scheduled below.
2) Color Selection: Proposed colors of all painted surfaces shall be submitted to the
Architect/Project Manager for review and approval.
3) After approval of submittals and prior to beginning Works, the Architect/Project
Manager will furnish color schedules for surfaces to be painted listed in the painting systems
below.
4) Use representative colors when preparing samples for Project Manager’s review. Final
acceptance of colors will be from samples applied on the job.
5) Color Pigments: Pure, nonfading, applicable types to suit the substrates and service
indicated.

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6) Lead: Lead content shall not exceed amount permitted by government laws and
regulations.
7) Submit proposed application techniques to Project Manager. Submit proof of acceptability
of technique proposed by the paint manufacturer selected.

2.4. PAINTING SYSTEMS

2.4.1. Interior and Exterior Systems

1) System 4 - Aliphatic Polyurethane: Two component aliphatic acrylic polyurethane coating
material shall provide superior color and gloss retention, resistance to splash from acid and
alkaline chemicals, resistance to chemical fumes and severe weathering and with a minimum
solids content of 58 percent by volume. Primer shall be a rust inhibitive two-component
epoxy coating with a minimum solids content of 68 percent by volume.

- Prime coat DFT = 0.10 mm, Ameron 385, Carboline 893, Tnemec 69, or equal.
- Finish coat (1 or more, DFT = 0.076 mm), Ameron Amershield, Carboline 134 HS,
Tnemec 74, or equal.
- Total system DFT = 0.17 mm.
- More than one finish coat shall be applied as necessary to produce a finish with uniform color
and texture.
2) System 8 - Epoxy, Plant and Piping: Two-component, rust inhibitive polyamide cured epoxy
coating material shall provide a recoatable finish that is available in a wide selection of
colors. The coating material shall have a minimum solids content of 66 percent by volume
and be resistant to service conditions of condensing moisture, splash and spillage of
lubricating oils, and frequent washdown and cleaning.

- Prime coat DFT = 0.076 mm, Ameron 385, Tnemec 69, or equal.
- Prime coat, where shop applied. (DFT = 0.076 mm), universal primer, Ameron 185 HS,
Tnemec 50-330 or 161, or equal.
- Finish coats (2 or more, DFT = 0.15 mm), Ameron 385, Tnemec 69, or equal.
- Total system DFT = 0.23 mm.

2.4.2. Submerged and Severe Service Coating Systems

1) Materials Sources: The manufacturers' products listed in this paragraph are materials
which satisfy the material descriptions of this paragraph and have a documented
successful record for long term submerged or severe service conditions. Proposed substitute
products will be considered as indicated above.
2) System 100 - Amine Cured Epoxy: High build, amine cured, epoxy resin shall have a solids
content of at least 80 percent by volume, and shall be suitable for long-term immersion
service in potable water and municipal wastewater. For potable water service, the coating
material shall be listed by the NSF International as in compliance with NSF Standard 61 -
Drinking Water System Components - Health Effects.
3) Prime coat and finish coats (3 or more, DFT = 0.41 mm), Ameron 395, Tnemec 139, or
equal.
4) or coating of valves and non-submerged plant, DFT = 0.31 mm.
5) System 101 - Cold-Applied Tape: Tape coating materials and procedures shall be in
accordance with ANSI/AWWA C209. Prefabricated tape shall be Type II. The system shall
consist of a primer layer, inner layer tape (0.89 mm), and an outer layer tape (0.89 mm).
Total system DFT = 1.8 mm.

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6) System 102 - Polyamide Cured Epoxy: High build, polyamide epoxy resin shall have a solids
content of at least 56 percent by volume, and shall be suitable for long-term immersion in
potable water and municipal wastewater. For potable water service, the coating material
shall be listed by the NSF International as in compliance with NSF Standard 61.
Prime coat and finish coats (3 or more, DFT = 0.31 mm), Tnemec 20, Ameron 83HS, or
equal.
7) System 106 - Fusion Bonded Epoxy: The coating material shall be a 100 percent powder
epoxy applied in accordance with the ANSI/AWWA C213 - Fusion- Bonded Epoxy Coating
for the Interior and Exterior of Steel Water Pipelines, except that the surface preparation
shall be as specified in the coating system schedule of this Section. The coating shall be
applied using the fluidized bed process.
8) Liquid Epoxy: For field repairs, the use of a liquid epoxy will be permitted, applied in not
less than three coats to provide a DFT of 0.38 mm. The liquid epoxy shall be a 100
percent solids epoxy recommended by the powder epoxy manufacturer.
a) Coating DFT = 0.41 mm, Scotchkote 134 or 206N, or equal.
b) Total system DFT = 0.41 mm.
c) For coating of valves, DFT - 0.31 mm.
9) System 108 - Epoxy, Concrete: The coating material shall be an amino cured epoxy
material suitable for long-term immersion in water and wastewater and for service where
subjected to occasional splash and spillage of water and wastewater treatment chemicals. The
finish coating material shall have a minimum solids content of 80 percent by volume. If
used for potable water service the finish coating material shall be listed by the NSF
International as in compliance with NSF Standard 61, and shall conform with state and local
health regulations and policies for service in potable water. The filler-sealer shall be a 100
percent solids amine-cured epoxy material with silica and inert fillers. A 100 percent solids
epoxy surfacer shall be used to fill holes and patch the concrete surface after abrasive blasting.
10) Prime coat (filler-sealer), applied in two coats to the entire surface using a squeegee to
achieve a smooth, void-free surface, Tnemec 63-1500, Ameron Nu-Klad 105A followed by
Nu-Klad 114A (two coats) or equal.
Finish coats (2 or more, DFT = 0.31 mm), Tnemec Series 139 Ameron 395, or equal.
On walking surfaces use a non-skid additive such as Ameron 886 in the final coat.

2.4.3. Special Coating Systems

1) System 200 - PVC Tape: Prior to wrapping the pipe with PVC tape, the pipe and fittings
first shall be primed using a primer recommended by the PVC tape manufacturer. After
being primed, the pipe shall be wrapped with a 0.57 mm adhesive PVC tape, half-lapped, to
a total thickness of 1 mm.
2) System 201 - Rich Portland Cement Mortar: Rich Portland cement mortar coating shall have
a minimum thickness of 4 mm, followed by enclosure in a 0.2 mm thick polyethylene sheet
with all joints and edges lapped and sealed with tape.
3) System 205 - Polyethylene Encasement: Application of polyethylene encasement shall be in
accordance with ANSI/AWWA C105 using Method C.
4) System 206 - Cement Mortar Coating: A 38 mm minimum thickness mortar coating
reinforced with 20 mm galvanized welded wire fabric shall be provided. The cement mortar
shall contain no less than one part Type V cement to three parts sand. The cement mortar
shall be cured by a curing compound meeting the requirements of "Liquid Membrane
Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete," ASTM C 309, Type II, white pigmented, or
by enclosure in a 0.2 mm thick polyethylene sheet with all edges and joints lapped by at
least 150 mm.

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3. EXECUTION

3.1. WORKMANSHIP

1) Skilled craftsmen and experienced supervision shall be used on all Work.

2) Coating shall be done in a workmanlike manner so as to produce an even film of
uniform thickness. Edges, corners, crevices, and joints shall receive special attention to
insure thorough cleaning and an adequate thickness of coating material. The finished
surfaces shall be free from runs, drops, ridges, waves, laps, brush marks, and variations in
color, texture, and finish. The hiding shall be so complete that the addition of another
coat would not increase the hiding. Special attention shall be given to insure that edges,
corners, crevices, welds, and similar areas receive a film thickness equivalent to adjacent
areas, and installations shall be protected by the use of drop cloths or other precautionary
measures.
3) All damage to surfaces resulting from the Work shall be cleaned, repaired, and refinished to
original condition.

3.2. STORAGE, MIXING, AND THINNING OF MATERIALS

1) Manufacturer's Recommendations: Unless otherwise indicated, the coating manufacturer's

printed recommendations and instructions for thinning, mixing, handling, applying, and
protecting its coating materials, for preparation of surfaces for coating, and for all other
procedures relative to coating shall be strictly observed.
2) All protective coating materials shall be used within the manufacturer's recommended shelf
life.
3) Storage and Mixing: Coating materials shall be stored under the conditions recommended
by the Material Safety Data Sheets, and shall be thoroughly stirred, strained, and kept at
a uniform consistency during application. Coatings of different manufacturers shall not be
mixed together.

3.3. PREPARATION FOR COATING

1) General: All surfaces to receive protective coatings shall be cleaned as indicated prior to
application of coatings. Examine all surfaces to be coated and correct surface defects before
application of any coating material. All marred or abraded spots on shop-primed and on
factory-finished surfaces shall receive touch-up restoration prior to any coating application.
Surfaces to be coated shall be dry and free of visible dust.
2) Protection of Surfaces Not to be Coated: Surfaces which are not to receive protective
coatings shall be protected during surface preparation, cleaning, and coating operations.
3) All hardware, lighting fixtures, switch plates, machined surfaces, couplings, shafts,
bearings, nameplates on machinery, and other surfaces not to be painted shall be
removed, masked or otherwise protected. Drop cloths shall be provided to prevent coating
materials from falling on or marring adjacent surfaces. The working parts of all mechanical
and electrical plant shall be protected from damage during surface preparation and
coating operations. Openings in motors shall be masked to prevent entry of coating or other
materials.
4) Care shall be exercised not to damage adjacent work during blast cleaning operations. Spray
painting shall be conducted under carefully controlled conditions. The Contractor shall be
fully responsible for and shall promptly repair any and all damage to adjacent work or
adjoining property occurring from blast cleaning or coating operations.
5) Protection of Painted Surfaces: Cleaning and coating shall be coordinated so that dust and
other contaminants from the cleaning process will not fall on wet newly coated surfaces.

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3.4. SURFACE PREPARATION STANDARDS

The following reference surface preparation specifications of the Steel Structures

Painting Council shall form a part of this specification:
1) Solvent Cleaning (SSPC-SP1): Removal of oil, grease, soil, salts, and other soluble
contaminants by cleaning with solvent, vapor, alkali, emulsion, or steam.
2) Hand Tool Cleaning (SSPC-SP2): Removal of loose rust, loose mill scale, loose paint, and
other loose detrimental foreign matter, by hand chipping, scraping, sanding, and wire
brushing.
3) Power Tool Cleaning (SSPC-SP3): Removal of loose rust, loose mill scale, loose paint,
and other loose detrimental foreign matter, by power tool chipping, descaling, sanding, wire
brushing, and grinding.
4) White Metal Blast Cleaning (SSPC-SP5): Removal of all visible rust, oil, grease, soil, dust,
mill scale, paint, oxides, corrosion products and foreign matter by blast cleaning.
5) Commercial Blast Cleaning (SSPC-SP6): Removal of all visible oil, grease, soil, dust,
mill scale, rust, paint, oxides, corrosion products, and other foreign matter, except that
staining shall be limited to no more than 33 percent of each square cm of surface area.
6) Brush-Off Blast Cleaning (SSPC-SP7): Removal of all visible oil, grease, soil, dust, loose
mill scale, loose rust, and loose paint.
7) Near-White Blast Cleaning (SSPC-SP10): Removal of all visible oil, grease, soil, dust,
mill scale, rust, paint, oxides, corrosion products, and other foreign matter, except that
staining shall be limited to no more than 5 percent of each square cm of surface area.

3.5. METAL SURFACE PREPARATION (UNGALVANIZED)

1) The minimum abrasive blasting surface preparation shall be as indicated in the coating system
schedules included at the end of this Section. Where there is a conflict between these
Specifications and the coating manufacturer's printed recommendations for the intended
service, the higher degree of cleaning shall apply.
2) Workmanship for metal surface preparation shall be in conformance with the current SSPC
Standards and this Section. Blast cleaned surfaces shall match the standard samples
available from the National Association of Corrosion Engineers, NACE Standard TM-01-70 -
Visual Standard for Surfaces of New Steel Air Blast Cleaned with Sand Abrasive and TM-
01-75 - Visual Standard for Surfaces of New Steel Centrifugally Blast Cleaned with Steel Grit.
3) All oil, grease, welding fluxes, and other surface contaminants shall be removed by solvent
cleaning per SSPC-SP1 - Solvent Cleaning prior to blast cleaning.
4) All sharp edges shall be rounded or chamfered and all burrs, and surface defects and weld
splatter shall be ground smooth prior to blast cleaning.
5) The type and size of abrasive shall be selected to produce a surface profile that meets the
coating manufacturer's recommendation for the particular coating and service conditions.
Abrasives for submerged and severe service coating systems shall be clean, hard, sharp
cutting crushed slag. Automated blasting systems shall not be used for surfaces that will be in
submerged service. Metal shot or grit shall not be used for surfaces that will be in
submerged service even if subsequent abrasive blasting is planned to be one with hard,
sharp cutting crushed slag.
6) The abrasive shall not be reused unless an automated blasting system is used for surfaces that
will be in non-submerged service. For automated blasting systems, clean oil-free abrasives
shall be maintained. The abrasive mix shall include at least 50 percent grit.
7) Compressed air for air blast cleaning shall be supplied at adequate pressure from well
maintained compressors equipped with oil and moisture separators which remove at least
95 percent of the contaminants.

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8) Surfaces shall be cleaned of all dust and residual particles of the cleaning operation by dry air
blast cleaning, vacuuming or another approved method prior to painting.
9) Enclosed areas and other areas where dust settling is a problem shall be vacuum cleaned
and wiped with a tack cloth.
10) Damaged or defective coating shall be removed by the specified blast cleaning to meet
the clean surface requirements before recoating.
11) If the specified abrasive blast cleaning will damage adjacent work, the area to be cleaned is
less than 10 square meters, and the coated surface will not be submerged in service, then
SSPC-SP2 - Hand Tool Cleaning or SSPC-SP3 - Power Tool Cleaning, may be used.
12) Shop-applied coatings of unknown composition shall be completely removed before the
indicated coatings are applied. Valves, castings, ductile or cast- i r o n pipe, and fabricated
pipe or plant shall be examined for the presence of shop-applied temporary coatings.
Temporary coatings shall be completely removed by solvent cleaning per SSPC-SP1 before
the abrasive blast cleaning work has been started.
13) Shop primed plant shall be solvent cleaned in the field before finish coats are applied.

3.6. SURFACE PREPARATION FOR GALVANIZED FERROUS METAL

1) Galvanized ferrous metal shall be alkaline cleaned per SSPC-SP1 to remove oil, grease
and other contaminants detrimental to adhesion of the protective coating system to be used.
2) Pre-treatment coatings of surfaces shall be in accordance with the printed recommendations of the
coating manufacturer.

3.7. SURFACE PREPARATION FOR CONCRETE SURFACES

1) Prepare surfaces of concrete to be painted by removing all efflorescence, chalk, dust, dirt,
grease, oils with soap and water.
2) Determine the alkalinity and moisture content of the surfaces to be painted by performing
appropriate tests. If the surfaces are found to be sufficiently alkaline to cause blistering and
burning of the finish paint, correct this condition before application of paint. Provide suitable
testing materials and carry out alkalinity and moisture tests.
3) Do not paint over surfaces where the moisture content exceeds 8 percent, unless
otherwise permitted in the manufacturer’s printed directions.
4) Acid etch submerged concrete and concrete floor surfaces with a commercial solution of
muriatic acid, 15 percent concentration. Other surfaces that cannot be adequately cleaned by
soap and water in the opinion of the Project Manager shall also be etched. The Contractor
shall submit to the Project Manager for approval of a plan showing method proposed for
containing and disposing of all waste from the acid etching process.
5) Brush blast clean, equivalent to SSPC-SP7, to lightly abrade concrete surfaces, open “bug”
holes and remove all non-adhering concrete. Thoroughly clean all areas so prepared before
beginning coating Work.

3.8. SHOP COATING REQUIREMENTS

1) Unless otherwise indicated, all items of plant, or parts of plant which are not submerged in
service, shall be shop primed and then finish coated in the field after installation with the
indicated or selected color. The methods, materials, application equipment and all other
details of shop painting shall comply with this section. If the shop primer requires topcoating
within a specified period of time, the plant shall be finish coated in the shop and then touch-
up painted after installation.

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2) All items of plant, or parts and surfaces of plant which are submerged or inside an
enclosed hydraulic structure when in service, with the exception of pumps and valves, shall
have all surface preparation and coating work performed in the field.
3) For certain pieces of plant it may be undesirable or impractical to apply finish coatings in the
field. Such plant may include engine generator sets, plant such as electrical control panels,
switchgear or main control boards, submerged parts of pumps, ferrous metal passages in
valves, or other items where it is not possible to obtain the indicated quality in the field.
Such plant shall be primed and finish coated in the shop and touched up in the field with
the identical material after installation. Require the manufacturer of each such piece of
plant to certify as part of its shop drawings that the surface preparation is in accordance
with these Specifications. The coating material data sheet shall be submitted with the shop
drawings for the plant.

3.9. APPLICATION OF COATINGS

1) The application of protective coatings to steel substrates shall be in accordance with SSPC-
PA1 - Paint Application Specification No. 1.
2) Cleaned surfaces and all coats shall be inspected prior to each succeeding coat. Schedule
such inspection with the Architect/Project Manager in advance.
3) Blast cleaned ferrous metal surfaces shall be painted before any rusting or other
deterioration of the surface occurs. Blast cleaning shall be limited to only those surfaces
that can be coated in the same working day.
4) Coatings shall be applied in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and
recommendations, and this Section, whichever has the most stringent requirements.
5) Special attention shall be given to edges, angles, weld seams, flanges, nuts and bolts, and
other places where insufficient film thicknesses are likely to be present. Use stripe painting
for these areas.
6) Special attention shall be given to materials which will be joined so closely that proper
surface preparation and application are not possible. Such contact surfaces shall be coated
prior to assembly or installation.
7) Finish coats, including touch-up and damage repair coats shall be applied in a manner which
will present a uniform texture and color matched appearance.
8) Coatings shall not be applied under the following conditions:

- Temperature exceeding the manufacturer's recommended maximumand minimum

allowable.
- Dust or smoke laden atmosphere.
- Damp or humid weather.
- When wind conditions are not calm.
9) Unburied steel piping shall be abrasive blast cleaned and primed before installation.

3.10. CURING OF COATINGS

1) Maintain curing conditions in accordance with the conditions recommended by the coating
material manufacturer or by this Section, whichever is the most stringent prior to placing the
completed coating system into service.
2) In the case of enclosed areas, forced air ventilation, using heated air if necessary may be
required until the coatings have fully cured.

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3.11. SHOP AND FIELD INSPECTION AND TESTING

1) General: Furnish the Project Manager a minimum of 3 days’ advance notice of the start of
any field surface preparation work or coating application work, and a minimum of 7 days’
advance notice of the start of any shop surface preparation work.
2) All such Work shall be performed only in the presence of the Project Manager, unless the
Project Manager has granted prior approval to perform such Work in its absence.
3) Inspection by the Project Manager, or the waiver of inspection of any particular portion
of the Work, shall not relieve the Contractor of its responsibility to perform the Work in
accordance with these Specifications.
4) Scaffolding shall be erected and moved to locations where requested by the Project
Manager to facilitate inspection. Additional illumination shall be furnished to cover all areas
to be inspected.
5) Inspection Devices: Furnish, until final acceptance of such coatings, inspection devices in
good working condition for the detection of holidays and measurement of dry-film
thicknesses of protective coatings. Dry-film thickness gauges shall be made available for the
Project Manager's use at all times while coating is being done, until final acceptance of
such coatings. Furnish the services of a trained operator of the holiday detection devices until
the final acceptance of such coatings. Holiday detection devices shall be operated only in
the presence of the Project Manager.
6) Film Thickness Testing: On ferrous metals, the dry film coating thickness shall be
measured in accordance with the SSPC "Paint Application Specification No. 2" using a
magnetic-type dry film thickness gauge such as Mikrotest model FM, Elcometer model
111/1EZ, or equal. Each coat shall be tested for the correct thickness. No measurements
shall be made until at least 8 hours after application of the coating. On nonferrous metals and
other substrates, the coating thicknesses shall be measured at the time of application using a
wet film gauge.
7) Surface Preparation: Evaluation of blast cleaned surface preparation work will be based
upon comparison of the blasted surfaces with the standard samples available from the
NACE, using NACE standards TM-01-70 and TM-01-75.

3.12. PROTECTION

1) Protect work of other trades, whether to be painted or not, against damage by the
painting and finishing Work. Leave all such work undamaged. Correct all damages by
cleaning, repairing or replacing, and repainting as acceptable to the Project Manager.
2) Provide “Wet Paint” signs as required to protect newly painted finishes. Remove all
temporary protective wrappings provided for protection of this Contract and other
contracts after completion of painting operations.

3.13. CLEAN-UP

1) During the progress of Work, remove from the site all discarded paint materials,
rubbish, cans and rags at the end of each work day.
2) Upon completion of painting Work, clean window glass and all other paint-spattered
surfaces. Remove spattered paint by proper methods of washing and scraping, using care not
to scratch or otherwise damage finished surfaces.
3) At the completion of work of other trades, touch up and restore all damaged or
defaced painted surfaces as determined by Project Manager.

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SECTION 22: CEILING WORKS

1. DESCRIPTION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1. General

This specification covers the requirements for conventional and impact/abrasion resistant
acoustical tiles and panels, unit acoustical absorbers, suspension systems, adhesives and
accessories necessary for acoustical treatment of ceilings.

1.2. References

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The
publications are referred to in the text by the basic designation only.

ASTM A 653/A 653M (1994) Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-

Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip
Process

ASTM B 633 (1985; R 1994) Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc on

Iron and Steel

ASTM C 834 (1991) Latex Sealants Materials

ASTM E 84 (1994) Surface Burning Characteristics of Building

ASTM E 119 (1988) Fire Tests of Building Construction and

Materials

ASTM E 413 (1987; R 1994) Classification for Rating Sound

Insulation

ASTM E 580 (1991) Application of Ceiling Suspension

CEILINGS & INTERIOR SYSTEMS CONSTRUCTION ASSOCIATION (CISCA)

CISCA AMA I-II (1967) Ceiling Sound Transmission Test by Two-

Room Method

1.3. Submittals

Submit the following:

- Manufacturer’s Catalog Data showing gypsum units and suspension system.

- Drawings showing gypsum units and suspension system with methods of anchoring
and fastening and with a reflected ceiling plan.
- Samples of gypsum units showing texture, finish and color.

1.4. Delivery and Storage

Deliver gypsum units in the manufacturer's original unopened containers with approved
brand name and type clearly marked. Handle materials carefully and store them under cover
in dry, watertight enclosures. Immediately before installation, store gypsum units for not
less than 24 hours at the same temperature and relative humidity as the space where they will
be installed.

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1.5. Warranty

Manufacturer’s performance guarantee extending over 1 year shall be provided.

2. MATERIALS

2.1. Gypsum Units

Composition units with paint finish, finely perforated, textured light to medium. Composition
Lay-In Panels size equals 1200 mm by 2400mm.

2.2. Suspension System

1) Provide steel furring /channel zinc coated suspension system meeting the requirements of
ASTM A 653/A 653M or ISO approval of product.
2) Classification shall be heavy duty, 12kg/meter of direct main runner.
3) Surfaces exposed to view shall be of uniform width and shall be aluminum with factory
applied white baked enamel finish.
4) Accessories shall be provided of manufacturer’s standard hold down clips and wall or edge
moldings.
5) Hangers and wires shall be zinc coated steel or nicked copper along 8 or 10 gauges.

3. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURES

3.1. Installation

Install suspended Ceilings as required in reference ASTM 436.

3.1.1. Hangers
Space hangers: 600mm x 600mm or 400mm x 700mm on centers each direction. Lay
hangers out for each individual room or space. Install additional hanger where required
to support framing around beams, ducts, columns, grilles and other penetrations through
the ceiling. Splayed wires may be used if opposite counters played wire of same angle as
first wire is installed and attached to same supporting member. No hanger wires or other
loads shall be suspended from underside of metal deck. Where lighting fixtures are
supported from the suspended ceiling system, hangers shall be provided at a minimum of
four hangers per fixture and located not more than 150mm from each corner of each
fixture.

3.1.2. Suspension Members

Keep main runners and carrying channels clear of abutting walls and partitions. Provide at
least two main runners for each ceiling span.

3.1.3. Gypsum Units

Edges of ceiling tiles shall be in close contact with metal supports with each other and
in true alignment. Arrange units so that units less than ½ width are minimized.

3.1.4. Wall or Edge Molding

Install wall molding at intersection of suspended ceiling and vertical surfaces. Miter
corners where wall molding intersect or install corner caps.

3.1.5. Hold Down Clips

Provide hold down clips for all panels in ceiling system and around troffer light.

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3.1.6. Caulking
Seal all joints around pipes, ducts or electrical outlets penetrating the ceiling. Apply
continuous ribbons of acoustical sealant on vertical web of wall or edge moldings.

3.2. Cleaning

Clean soiled or discolored unit surfaces after installation. Touch up scratches, abrasions,
voids and other defects in painted surfaces. Remove damaged or improperly installed units
and install new materials.

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SECTION 23: EXTERNAL WORKS

1. GENERAL

1.1. SCOPE OF WORKS

This section shall consist of the construction of the External Works including roads, parking,
footpaths, the storm drainage system as well as landscaping works.
Not be limited, the works shall comprise:

- Excavation/filling/grading/surface preparation for the construction of the foundation.

- Construction of the sub-grade for roads and parking.
- Construction of the sub-base for roads and parking.
- Construction of the base course for roads and parking.
- Construction of the Asphalt Concrete Pavement for roads and parkings.
- Construction of dust stone car park.
- Construction of the curbs and walkways
- Construction of the drainage system including U-Ditch, R.C. Pipes and Manholes.
- Guard Hut
- Plantation of Grass, Trees and Flowers
- Fence and Gates
- And all others related works.

1.2. STANDARDS

AASHTO Standards and ASTM Standards for Roads and Parking.

1.3. CURBS

Curbs shall be of precast concrete as shown on Drawings. They shall be constructed on a base
course foundation.

1.4. ROADS AND PARKINGS

These works are composed of:

- excavation and filling.

- construction of the foundation constituted successively by a subgrade, subbase and base
course.
- construction of the pavement including the tack coat and the asphalt concrete surface.
- Construction of the dust stone pavement
General Composition of the Asphaltic Mixture
The mixture of the asphaltic concrete shall consist of mineral aggregate, filler (1-2% of lime
or 2-4% of cement if necessary according to the Engineer and the Project/DOC) and the
asphaltic cement. The total mineral aggregate shall have a job mix grading confirm the
AASHTO and ASTM Standards.
Laboratory samples shall be prepared according to the Marshall method (AASHTO T245).

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1.5. WALKWAYS

These works are composed by:

- a foundation constituted by a subgrade

- a pavement layer with concrete block

1.6. STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM

The system is composed of R.C.U-Ditch with cover and R.C. pipes to collect rain water from
the roads, parking areas, gardens and others external spaces.

1.7. GRASS, TREES AND FLOWERS PLANTATION

Grass, Trees and Flowers shall be of good quality, high resistance, to ensure a proper growth.

2. MATERIALS

2.1. 2.1 ROAD , PARKINGS & WALKWAYS

- Asphaltic Tack Coat, AASHTO M 71 and M 208-81.

- Asphaltic Concrete Mix as to Standards
- Asphalt Cement as to AASHTO M20-70.
- Base course: M30 (CBR ≥ 80%) (crushed stone)
- Subbase : 0-60 (CBR ≥ 30%) (crushed stone/laterite)
- Subgrade : Mountain soil (CBR ≥ 15%) having a size distribution as shown in Table 1.1.
- Fill Material : Material Nº 1 (see Table 1.1)
- Concrete Block for walkways and concrete for curbs (see Section 4).
- Dust Stone (see Table 1.1)
The asphaltic concrete shall be of those fabricated by TCM, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, or
approved equivalent.
Table 1.1: Size Distribution

Item Material Size (mm) % Passing

1 Subgrade (Sand) 100 100

4.50 50-100
0.300 50 max
0.150 10 max
0.075 5 max

2 Subbase 75 100
(Crushed Stone) 63 90-100
(0-60) 50 82-100
25 50-80
4.75 25-50
1.18 11-30

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0.30 4-18
0.075 2-8

3 Base course 25 100

(Crushed Stone) 19 90-100
(M 30) 12.50 68-93
4.75 35-60
1.18 19-38
0.30 9-17
0.075 2-8

4 Material No 1 100 100

4.75 35
75 0-10

5 Dust Stone 0.5 -

2.2. GRASS, TREES AND FLOWERS

1) Arable soil: top soil obtained from stripping or imported from borrow pits.
2) Grass shall be of species native to the country, name in Khmer “Smao Veal Rinh”. It shall be
free of disease and noxious weeds, deep rooted and sufficiently rapid growing and spreading to
give complete cover over the planted area within two years of planting.
3) Sods and sprigs shall be planted with their root system substantially undamaged and packed
around with moist earth in which they have grown.

- Trees :
- Sngav Tree, 2m high from ground to summit.
- Romduol Tree, 1m high from ground to summit.
- Chul Preuk Tree, 0,3m high from ground to summit.
- Small Trees
- Palm Trees, 5m high from ground to summit, having numerous branches and leaves as to
Micasa Hotel Samples.
- Areca Palm Tree: 6m high from ground to summit.
- Flowers: as indicated on drawings.

2.3. CONCRETE WORKS

Including: curbs, flag post, fence, concrete lion and pedestal, guard hut, R.C. pipe, U-Ditch,
manholes, name plate.
Concrete: see section 4.

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3. EXECUTION

3.1. ROAD, PARKING AND WALKWAYS

3.1.1. 3.1.1 Substructure

- The bottom of excavation trench shall be compacted at 90% MP.
- The filling material, the subgrade, subbase, and base course shall be placed at a depth not
greater than 0.20m and compacted to 95% MP, before the top layer can be placed.
Any layer insufficiently compacted shall be recompacted or replaced at the Contractor’s cost.

3.1.2. Asphalt Concrete Pavement

Tolerances

- The temperature of the aggregates shall be controlled as to ASTM and AASHTO Standards.
- The mixture shall be compacted as soon as it will bear the weight of a roller without causing
undue lateral displacement of the material. The density of the mixture after compaction shall be
not less than 98 percent of the Marshall Density as determined from daily compacted samples.
- Pavement Samples -The Contractor shall, after final rolling and before opening the surface to
traffic, cut samples from the finished work for testing. Samples shall be not less than 250 mm x
250 mm, except that, for measurement of the field density only, cores with a minimum
diameters of 100 mm cut by an approved coring machine will be acceptable. Samples shall be
taken of the mixture for the full depth of the course from the locations directed by the Engineer
and the Project/DOC.
Where samples have been taken from the surface course, fresh material shall be placed,
thoroughly compacted and finished.

- The finished surface shall not have more than 3mm measured will a 3.5m straightedge.
- The joints of an asphaltic concrete wearing course shall be sawn joints.

3.1.3. Control and Testing

The Contractor shall be responsible for directing all sampling and testing by using an
adequate number of skilled technicians to do this work.
The test shall be done in a laboratory proposed by the Contractor and approved by the
Engineer and the Project/DOC.
The test shall as to AASHTO and ASTM Standards carried out.

3.1.4. Compaction
1) The asphalt concrete shall be compacted at 97% M.P. The Engineer and the Project/DOC
might use an independent laboratory to check on the quality of compaction of the asphalt
pavement beyond its completion at the contractor’s expense. At least 6 samples shall be taken
and tested. The location of sampling shall be directed by the Engineer and the Project/DOC.
2) Any inadequate section shall be recompacted or removed and replaced at the Contractor's cost.
Protection of the Pavement
Section of the newly finished work shall be protected from traffic of any kind until the
mixture has cooled to approximately ambient air temperature. Traffic shall not normally be
permitted on the newly laid surface less than 6 hours after completion of pavement, except
with the approval of the Engineer and the Project/DOC.

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3.1.5. Dust Stone

Spread crushed stone evenly at the rate of 10-12 Kg/m².

3.2. GRASS, TREES AND FLOWERS PLANTATIONS

- Arable soil : Place 150mm of arable soil without any compaction on the area to grow grass.
- Plantation
1) Plantations shall be made in a regular pattern such that surface water flowing over the area will
with roots well buried in firm material, and as to the supplier's instructions.
2) The Contractor shall maintain the plantations at his expense until the end of the defect
liabilities period. Maintenance shall consist of preserving, protecting and replacing, and such
other work as may be necessary to keep it in a satisfactory condition to prevent erosion and to
present a dense and uniform appearance.
3) The Contractor shall be responsible for satisfactory growth and shall water, fertilise and mow
at such intervals as will ensure good ground cover all through the Maintenance Period.

4. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

4.1. 4.1 MEASUREMENT

The measurement shall be made by measuring the length, areas, volume and units of works
really done for each category of works.

4.2. 4.2 PAYMENT

1) The payment shall be made per unit rate of unit length, areas, volume and units of works as
indicated in the Bill of Quantities.
2) The price shall include the excavation/filling/ leveling, compaction, materials, labor,
equipment, maintenance, watering, fertilizing, supports, testing...and others accessories/ related
works for a complete work execution.
Masonry Fence
The cost shall also include concrete footing, column, brick wall, steel, painting and all related
works.
Gate
The cost shall include steel gate, rails, hinge, anchors, guide, rollers, stop blocks, painting and
all related works

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THE END OF PART I

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