Lesson 5

Objectives

 Enumerate Input and Output devices.

 Discuss the importance of Input and
Output devices.
 Recognize the devices for Input and
Output.

Content
 Input and Output Devices

Learning
Activities
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 Presentation
Identify the difference between Input and Output
devices.

Discussion
Input and output devices allow the user to command and control the computer’s
activities, to capture and input data into the computer, and to be able to visualize or
hear data being outputted by the computer. Numerous types of input and output devices
are available today.

Mouse –It is one of the standard equipment on virtually all computers. It is used to
navigate the graphical user interface.

Types of Mouse Units

1. Mechanical Mouse –Uses a rubber ball that causes a pair of wheels to spin,
which is then detected by sensors that sends the data signals to the computer.

2. Optomechanical Mouse –Uses light emitting diodes to sense mouse

movements; an enhanced version of the standard optomechanical mouse is the
wheel mouse that has a finger wheel. An Optomechanical mouse uses six
primary components in order to capture the mouse’s movements.
 The Ball is the largest and central part of the mouse. The ball rolls inside
the mouse when the user moves the device.
 The Rollers, which come in a pair, rotate in accordance with the
movement of the ball.
 The Roller Shafts, where the rollers are connected to, rotate an optical
encoding disk attached to it when the rollers turn.
 The Optical Encoding Disk has 36 holes along its outside edge that is
rotated by the shaft.

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  The Infrared LED and Sensor is usually found on opposite sides of the
optical decoding disk. On one side is a Light Emitting Diode (LED) that
shines an infrared light beam while the other side is a light-sensitive
transistor that serves as an infrared sensor.
 The Processor reads the pulses sent by the infrared sensors and
converts them into binary data, which is the sent to the computer’s
interface over the mouse’s connecting cord.
 The Buttons –there are typically two buttons in mouse nowadays.
Connect the cord to small switches that are attached to the mouse’s
processor.

3. Optical Mouse-Uses optical scanning to detect the movement of the mouse.

Recent versions of this mouse includes a optical process that captures images of
the mouse’s surface is on at a rate of up to 2,000 images per second, It is being
analyzed by the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), which can detect even the
slightest movement. Inside each optical mouse is a small camera that takes more
than a thousand snapshot pictures every second. A small light-emitting diode
(LED) provides light underneath the mouse

The mouse was originally connected to the computer through PS/2 connections.
But due to technological advances, mouse devices are now available using
USB, infrared (IrDA), Radio Frequency (RF), and Bluetooth (BT)
connections.

PS/2 Connectors:

Each time the mouse is moved, three bytes of data is sent as a packet to the
computer.
 First byte –Contains data regarding the button, speed, and direction of the
mouse.

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  Second and Third bytes –Contain the amount of pulses detected for the x-axis,
horizontal axis, and y-axis, vertical, movements of the mouse since the last
packet sent.
Aside from the mouse, numerous types of pointing devices have become popular
through the years:
 Touchpad –A small, square, or rectangular shaped surface that is fixed in place
and is usually found in portable computers.
 Trackball –A mouse-like tool that has two or more buttons and a ball positioned
on the top or the side of the device; the device may be cordless or not.
 Glidepoint Mouse –Usually seen on portable computers, It is a pivoting rubber-
tipped device that is usually located between the G and H keys and works like a
joystick mimicking the actions of a mouse on the screen.
 Joystick –A pivoting device that is primarily used for computer gaming software;
it usually has a number of buttons or triggers that are associated with actions in
the game.

Keyboard –The Keyboard is used to input data into the computer.

Keyboard Keys are classified into six different groups:

1. Alphabetic Keys make up the main portion of the keyboard.

2. Cursor Control keys are located to the right of the alphabetical keys.
3. Number Pad is found to the right of the cursor control keys and is composed of
NUM LOCKS.
4. Function Keys are located on top of the Alphabetical Keys; the 12 keys are
labelled from [F1] to [F12].
5. The Special-Purpose Keys are software-dependent.
 Escape [ESC] key is used to cancel out a command or exit an
application.
 [PRINT SCREEN/SYSRQ] key generates a screen capture of the
image currently displayed on the monitor screen. The captured
image can be pasted (press [CTRL + V]) onto MS Paint
application for editing or a document-based or other photo-editing
software, to be saved or printed for later use.
 [PAUSE/BREAK] key functions depending on the software being
used; it may be used to pause the display or the action of an
application, or halt/interrupt the software program.
6. Windows Keys are located on either side of the spacebar and acts as shortcut
keys for the Windows menus. These consists of the following:
 Windows Key – Which has the flying windows icon, is used to open the
windows start menu.
 Context Menu Key –When pressed displays the context menu of the
current application and acts as a short-cut for the right-click function of
the mouse.

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Keycaps serve two important functions: they provide the surface for the user to be
able to press down the keys and identify the keys for the user to see which key is
being pressed.

Keyboard Controller is the circuitry inside the keyboard. A microprocessor and a

read-only memory holds the keyboard processor’s instructions, processer keystrokes,
exchanges information with the computer, constantly scans the key grid for
keystrokes, and translates the scan codes of the keystrokes to be transmitted to the
computer.

The Keyboard Cable

Is a four-wire cable that connects that keyboard to the computer. It provides the four
signals carried between the computer and the keyboard: data, clocking, ground, and
power, it usually has a length of four to six feet.

Digital Camera and Video Camera

These are input devices that are used to create images or videos that can be stored
on magnetic media. These images or videos can be displayed, printed, and edited or
altered.The first electronic camera was built and invented by Eng. Steven Sasson of
Eastman Kodak in 1975. Prior to the introduction of charge-coupled devices in the mid
to late 1980’s, digital cameras used a camera tube, which was type of cathode ray
tube, to capture images. Digital Video Cameras were first used for television. The first
consumer video camera or camcorder was released by Sony in 1983. Digital and
video cameras use a technology called Digital Image Sensor to convert an optical
image into an electronic signal.
Biometric Authentication Device
The term “Biometrics” is derived from the two Greek words “Bio” which means “life”,
and “metric”, which means “to measure”. Biometric authentication is a security system
used to verify the identity of person through physiological and behavioural
characteristics in order to prevent possible identity theft, loss of data, etc.

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Touch Screen
An electronic visual display that could be controlled through simple of multi-touch
gestures done either through the use of a special stylus or with the touch of the finger.
It enables the user to interact directly with what is displayed instead of using a mouse
or keyboard.

A scanner captures still images by using a light source that reflects off the image
being captured. The information about the reflected image is digitalized and sent to a
software application to be saved, edited, or printed.

A monitor is an electric device that is the primary output device or display for the
computer. It works collectively with the mouse and keyboard to provide a visual
display of the interaction between the user and the computer and/or software.

A projector could be used either as a “primary or secondary display” for the

computer. A projector has a set of button control as well which can be used to adjust
the display, such as the Focus, Contrast, and Position.

Printers – A printer creates a hard copy of a file stored in the computer.

Speaker is an electric output device that receives electromagnetic waves or audio

input from the computer, analog or digital, and would convert it into sound waves. The
sound waves are produced as analog form.There are a number of factors involved in
the quality of sound produced by speakers, such as frequency, which determines
whether the sound should have a high or low pitch, and the amplitude or the volume
of the sound that determined by the change in air pressure created by the sound
saves. Headphones, also referred to as earphones or earplugs, are like speakers but
smaller in size and designed to fit the user’s ears.

Activity
I - Essay
Direction: Write your answer on space provided.
Are inputs and output devices important? Why or why not? Explain your answer.
Worksheet 1:
____________________________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________________________
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 ____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
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II - Enumeration:
Direction: Enumerate the 12 input/output devices.
1._______________________________________
2._______________________________________
3._______________________________________
4._______________________________________
5._______________________________________
6._______________________________________
7._______________________________________
8._______________________________________
9._______________________________________
10.______________________________________
11.______________________________________
12.______________________________________

Assessment
Fill in the blank
Directions: Fill in the blank with a word that best complete the statement.

1. The ________________________ mouse uses rubber ball

2. The ________________________ mouse uses light emitting diodes.
3. The ________________________ mouse uses optical scanning.
4. A ________________________ is a small, square, or rectangular shaped
surface that is fixed in place and usually found in portable computers.
5. A ________________________ is a mouse-like tool that has two or more
buttons and a ball either positioned on the top or the side of the device
and could either be corded or cordless.
6. A _______________________ is a pivoting rubber-tipped device that is
usually located between the G and H keys that works like a joystick but
acts like a mouse on the screen.
7. A _______________________ is pivoting device that is primarily used for
gaming software on a computer.
8. The _____________________ is used in order for the user to input data
into the computer.

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9. The _____________________ is the circuitry inside the keyboard.
10. The _____________________ is a four-wire cable, which provides the
four signals being carried between the computer and the keyboard.

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