Engineering Drawing Reviewer - provides all information about

size, shape, surface type,

materials, etc.
DRAWING – graphical representation of - buildings, roads, machines,
any object or idea. circuits, etc.

- can be prepared using freehand,

engineering instruments, or
APPLICATIONS OF ENGINEERING
computer programs.
DRAWING
1. Used in ships for navigation.
TYPES OF DRAWING 2. For manufacturing of machines,
automobiles, etc.
1. ARTISTIC Drawing
3. For construction of buildings,
2. ENGINEERING Drawing
roads, bridges, dams. Electrical
and telecommunication
structures, etc.
ARTISTIC Drawing
4. For manufacturing of electrical
- representing any object or idea appliances like TVs, phones,
that is sketched in freehand using computers, etc.
the imagination of the artist.
- Ex. Painting, posters, arts, etc.
TYPES OF ENGINEERING DRAWING
4 MAJOR CATEGORIES:
ENGINEERING Drawing
1. GEOMETRICAL Drawing
- defined as a graphical language
a. PLANE Geometrical Drawing
used by engineers and other
b. SOLID Geometrical Drawing
technical personnel associated
2. MECHANICAL Engineering
with the engineering profession.
Drawing
- a two-dimensional representation
3. CIVIL Engineering Drawing
of a three-dimensional object.
4. ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS
- art of representing a real or
Engineering Drawing
imaginary object precisely using
some graphics, symbols, letters,
and numbers with the help of
GEOMETRICAL DRAWING
engineering drawing instruments.
- used by engineers and - art of representing geometric
technologists. objects such as rectangles,
squares, cubes, cones, cylinders,
spheres, etc., on paper.
 - If the object has only 2 motors, generators, transformers,
dimensions i.e. length and wiring diagrams, etc.
breadth (as rectangles, squares, - used by electrical engineers to
triangles, etc.), it is called PLANE express electrical engineering
geometrical drawing. works and projects for actual
- if it has three dimensions, i.e., execution.
length, breadth, and
thickness/depth (as a cube,
prism, sphere, cylinder, etc.), it is ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
called a SOLID geometrical DRAWING
drawing.
- art of representing electronic
circuits of TV, Phones,
computers, etc. on paper.
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
- used by electronic engineers to
DRAWING
express electronic engineering
- art of representing mechanical works and projects for actual
engineering objects such as execution.
machines, machine parts, etc. on
paper.
- used by mechanical engineers to SPECIFIC PURPOSE FOR STUDYING
express mechanical engineering CIVIL ENGINEERING DRAWING
works and projects for actual
1. To develop the ability to produce
execution.
simple civil engineering drawings
and sketches based on current
practice.
CIVIL ENGINEERING DRAWING
2. To develop the skills to read and
- art of representing civil understand the drawings used in
engineering objects such as civil engineering projects.
buildings, roads, bridges, dams, 3. To develop a working knowledge
etc. on paper. of the layout of buildings, bridges,
- used by civil engineers to express highways etc. and other civil
civil engineering works and engineering structures.
projects for actual execution. 4. To develop skills in abstracting
information from calculation
sheets and schematic diagrams
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING to produce working drawings for
DRAWING masons, construction managers,
and field workers who execute
- art of representing electrical
civil engineering projects.
engineering objects such as
TYPES OF CIVIL ENGINEERING drawing horizontal lines on a
DRAWING drafting table.
- varying in sizes such as 18”, 24”,
1. ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING
30”, 36”, and 42”.
a. Plan:
- draw vertical or diagonal lines.
It shows the position of different
- Permanent/fixed or
objects and elements of the
movable/adjustable head.
structure in a two-dimensional
view. Only the length and width of
objects are shown here.
3. SCALE or RULE – needed for
b. ELEVATION AND SECTION:
measuring sizes and distances
It shows a view along the height
and for transferring
of the structure. Elevation can be
measurements from it to the
presented in 2D or 3D. In the 2D
drawing paper.
elevation view, either height and
- Can also be used to divide a line
length or height and width is
into any number of equal parts
shown.
with the help of the T-square and
a triangle.
2. STRUCTURAL DRAWING - It
shows the detailed requirement of
4. DRAWING PENCIL – used for
reinforcement and their
drawing straight and curved
arrangement in structure. Shows
pencil lines, either freehand or
the specifications and properties
mechanically. Various grades of
of construction materials like
hardness and softness.
concrete, steel, timber, etc.
a. H – hard (H-9H) – used for
finishing a pencil drawing.
b. B – soft (B-6B) – used for
BASIC DRAWING TOOLS
sketching work.
1. TRIANGLE - A thin, flat, right- c. F – fine
angled piece of plastic or metal d. HB – medium – lettering and
with acute angles of 45, or 30, dimensioning.
and 60.
- used for drawing vertical or
inclined lines that are multiples of 5. MECHANICAL PENCIL (LEAD
15 degrees. HOLDER) – used to hold leads of
various hardness.

2. T – T-SQUARE – used by
draftsmen primarily as a guide for
6. DRAWING/TECHNICAL PENS – 14. LEAD POINTER – used for
used for lettering and drawing sharpening mechanical pencil
lines. Sizes of point from 0.1mm leads.
to 2.0mm.

15. PENCIL SHARPENER – used to

7. COMPASS - used to draw circles sharpen drawing pencils of
and arcs. varying grades.

8. DIVIDER – used to transfer

dimensions. Two legs each with a 16. IRREGULAR/FRENCH CURVE
needle point. – a drafting tool used as a guide
in mechanically drawing irregular
curved lines, either in pencil or
9. PROTRACTOR - used to ink.
measure or lay out an angle or an
arc.
17. LETTERING GUIDE – used to
layout guidelines for lettering.
10. DRAFTING TAPE – used to
adhere drawing media to the
working surface.
18. TEMPLATE – used to expedite
the drawing of standard features.
11. DUSTING BRUSH – used to
brush loose graphite and eraser
dust from a drawing. 19. MINI–DRAUGHTER – consists
of an angle formed by two arms
with scales marked and rigidly
hinged to each other.
12. ERASER – used to remove - Combines the functions of t-
pencil lines and graphite square, setsquares, scales, and
smudges from a drawing. protractors.
- Used for drawing horizontal,
vertical, and inclined lines,
13. ERASING SHIELD – used to parallel and perpendicular lines
protect line work when a portion and for measuring lines and
of the drawing is to be erased. angles.
RULE FOR MAINTENANCE AND
CARE OF DRAFTING TOOLS &
EQUIPMENT
 Keep hands and equipment clean
 Keep all instruments clean and
dry
 Do not bend templates sharply
 Do not use templates or scales
as straight edges for cutting tools
 Do not use templates as eraser
shields
 Do not hit scales and triangles on
edges
 Do not overextend compasses
and dividers
 Clean plastic tools with soap and
water only
 Do not stick compasses and
divider points into scales and
triangles
 Never sharpen leads over
drawing or table surface

REMINDERS ON THE USE OF

DRAWING INSTRUMENTS