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AM EXP1

This document outlines an experiment focused on generating double sideband amplitude modulated (AM) waveforms using the Scientech 2201 module. It details the setup, including initial conditions, monitoring outputs, and varying audio signals to observe the effects on modulation. The experiment also includes instructions for using a microphone as a modulating signal instead of the onboard audio oscillator.

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2 views

AM EXP1

This document outlines an experiment focused on generating double sideband amplitude modulated (AM) waveforms using the Scientech 2201 module. It details the setup, including initial conditions, monitoring outputs, and varying audio signals to observe the effects on modulation. The experiment also includes instructions for using a microphone as a modulating signal instead of the onboard audio oscillator.

Uploaded by

alakhsir786
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 1

Part 1

Objective:

Double Sideband AM Generation

This experiment studies the generation of double sideband amplitude modulated (AM) waveforms,
using the Scientech 2201 module. In addition to this, the removal of the carrier from such AM
waveforms is also performed by the generation of double sideband suppressed carrier (DSBSC) AM.

1. Make sure the following initial conditions are set on the board:

a. The audio input select switch should be in INT position to select onboard generated audio signal as
a modulating signal.

b. The mode switch should be in DSB position to connect the DSB signal to the output amplifier
section.

c. The output amplifier's gain potentiometer is set in such a way as to place a maximum gain for
amplified signals.

d. The speaker switch should be kept in off condition.

Fig. 1.1

2. Turn on power to the Scientech 2201 board.

3. Monitor the output of the ‘Audio Oscillator’ block, at ‘Audio Signal Output’ test point on the
Oscilloscope (as shown in Fig. 1.2). The amplitude and frequency of this audio signal can be modified
via their respective amplitude and frequency control pots. The amplitude ranges from 0 to within 2
volts in signal peak-to-peak, and the frequency ranging from about 300Hz to about 3 KHz.

This is the audio frequency sine wave that will use as modulating signal input to Balanced Modulator
and Band Pass Circuit 1.

[CH1(Y) – 0.5V; Time base – 0.1 mS]

4. The 1 MHz crystal oscillator block generates a sine wave of approximately 1 MHz frequency and
120mV pp amplitude, which is then applied as the carrier to Balanced Modulator and Band Pass
Filter Circuit 1. See the carrier waveform at output test point on Oscilloscope. [CH1(Y) – 10mV; Time
base – 1 uS]

Fig. 1.3

5. Balanced Modulator and Band Pass Filter Circuit 1 are used to perform ‘Double Side Band
Amplitude Modulation’. The balance pot is used to vary the depth of modulation AM waveform.
Initially, turn it to maximum position and observe the DSB AM output on Oscilloscope simultaneously
with the modulating audio signal output triggering the Oscilloscope on the audio signal output.

1. The output from the balanced modulator and band pass filter 1 is a DSB-AM waveform formed by
amplitude-modulating a 1 MHz carrier sine wave with an audio-frequency sine wave coming from
the audio oscillator. [CH1(Y)-1V; CH2(X)-0.2V Time base-0.1mS] 2. The frequency spectrum of the AM
waveform is shown below in Figure 1.5, where fm is the frequency of the audio modulating signal. 3.
To find out the modulation index, measure the maximum (Vmax) and minimum amplitudes (V min)
of the AM waveform, then use the equation given below: Percentage Modulation = Vmax: Vmin x
100%Vmax + Vmin, where V max and V min are the maximum and minimum amplitudes shown in
Figure 1.4. 4. Now vary the frequency of the modulating audio signal by varying the frequency pot of
audio oscillator block, and observe the effect of modulation in the AM waveform. The frequency of
the envelope also changes with regard to the audio signal frequency. 5. Now vary the amplitude of
the modulating audio signal by varying the amplitude pot on the audio oscillator block, and observe
its effect on the AM waveform. The amplitude of the two sidebands can be reduced to zero by
reducing the amplitude of the modulating audio signal to zero.

Turn the amplitude pot entirely down to the MIN position and notice how the output signal of the
Balanced modulator and the Band pass filter 1 becomes an un-modulated sine wave of 1 MHz
frequency, signifying that only the carrier component exists now. 6. Now, adjust the amplitude pot of
the modulating audio signal to the extreme position, and see the DSB AM waveform at the output of
the Balanced Modulator and Band pass filter 1 by changing the level of the 'Balance' pot to notice
the effect of depth modulation.

[CH1(Y) – 1V; CH2(X) – 0.2V Time base – 0.1 mS] 29 Figure 1.9 Figure 1.10 Figure 1.11 30 9. Trace the
output of the "Output Amplifier block," co-sharing with modulating audio signal output triggering
the scope with the audio signal. Note that the DSBSC waveform emerges as a slight amplification in
the Output Amplifier, but later we will see that it is the output signal from the output amplifier that
will be transmitted onward to the receiver. 10. Instead of using the audio oscillator block of Scientech
2201, use a microphone to obtain the human voice as a modulating signal. Connect the output of the
module to the external audio input of the Scientech 2201 board after setting the audio input select
switch to the ext position. The input signal to the audio input module can come from an outside
microphone or from a cassette recorder, depending on the position of the switch on the module.

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