CBSE Test Paper 01

Chapter 1 Real Number

1. The HCF and LCM of two numbers is 9 and 459 respectively. If one of the number is
27, then the other number is (1)
a. 153
b. 150
c. 459
d. 135

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2. What is the number x? The LCM of x and 18 is 36. The HCF of x and 18 is 2. (1)

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a. 1
b. 3
c. 2 us
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d. 4
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3. The HCF and LCM of two numbers are 9 and 90 respectively. If one number is 18, then
the other number is (1)
10

a. 54
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b. 36
c. 45
cb

d. 63
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4. Sound of crackers is heard during festival days, but the sound of supernova explosion
in space is not heard on the surface of earth because of (1)
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a. lesser gravity
b. the influence of the other planets
c. large distance
d. absence of medium
5. If the LCM of two numbers is 45 times their HCF and the sum of LCM and HCF is 1150,
then HCF = (1)
a. 50
b. 45
c. 1150
d. 25
 6. Find the HCF and LCM of 11008 and 7344 using fundamental theorem of arithmetic.
(1)
7. Show that any positive integer is of the form 3q or, 3q + 1 or, 3q + 2 for some integer q.
(1)
8. Express the given number as the product of its prime factors: 5005. (1)
9. Find HCF and LCM of 625, 1125 and 2125 using fundamental theorem of arithmetic.
(1)

10. If - 1 is a zero of the polynomial f(x) = x2- 7x - 8, then calculate the other zero. (1)
11. Express as a fraction in simplest form. (2)

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12. Show that the cube of a positive integer is of the form 6q + r, where q is an integer and

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r = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. (2)
13. Without actual division, show that rational number is a terminating decimal.
Express decimal form. (2)
14. Prove that is an irrational number. (3) us
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15. Use Euclid division lemma to show that the square of any positive integer cannot be of
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the form 5m + 2 or 5m + 3 for some integer m. (3)

10

16. Prove that is an irrational number. (3)

17. Amita, Suneha and Raghav start preparing cards for greeting each person of an old
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age home on new year. In order to complete one card, they take 10, 16 and 20 minutes
cb

respectively. If all of them started together, after what time will they start preparing a
new card together? Why do you think there is a need to show elders that the young
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generation cares for them and remembers the contribution made by them in the
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prime of their life? (3)

18. Show that square of any positive integer cannot be of the form 5q + 2 or 5q + 3 for
some integer m. (4)

19. Can the number 6n, n being a natural number, end with the digit 5? Give reasons. (4)
20. Three sets of physics, chemistry and mathematics books have to be stacked in such a
way that all the books are stored topic wise and the number of books in each stack is
the same. The number of physics books is 192, the number of chemistry books is 240
and the number of mathematics books is 168. Determine the number of stacks of
physics, chemistry and mathematics books. (4)
 CBSE Test Paper 01
Chapter 1 Real Number

Solution

1. a. 153
Explanation: Using the result,
= Product of two natural numbersx^2 - 8x - 1280 = 0 the
other number = = 153

2. d. 4

n
sio
Explanation: We know that LCM HCF = First number Second number
HCF ( x , 18) LCM (x , 18) = x 18
2 36 = x
x=
18
=4 us
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3. c. 45
di

Explanation: Using the result,

10

= Product of two natural numbers

the other number = = 45
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4. d. absence of medium
cb

Explanation: Sound needs medium to travel. As there is no medium in the

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space, it can not travel from space to earth.

5. d. 25
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Explanation: Given: ……….(i)

And LCM + HCF = 1150 ……...........….(ii)

Putting value of LCM from eq. (i) in eq. (ii), we get

HCF ( 45 + 1) = 1150

HCF = 25

6. 11008 =
=
7344 =
 =

HCF = 24 = 16
LCM = = 5052672

7. Let p be any positive integer and b = 3. Applying division Lemma with p and b =3 ,
we have
p = 3q + r, where 0 r < 3 and q is some integer
So r=0,1,2
If r=0 , p=3q
If r=1, p=3q+1

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If r=2, p=3q+2

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Therefore any positive integer is of form 3q,3q+1,3q+2 for some integer q.

us
sc
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8.
10
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So, 5005 = 5 7 11 13.

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9. Here, 625 =5×5×5×5= 54

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1125 =3×3×5×5×5= 32 53
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2125 =5×5×5×17= 53 17

Therefore, HCF = 53 = 125

LCM = 54 32 17 = 95625

10.
As, one zero is -1.
Let, other zero be k,
then, Sum of zeroes - 1 + k = =7

k=8

11. We have to express the given decimal in fractional form. For that let
 then, x = 0.8888.... ...(i)
10x = 8.8888... ...(ii)
Subtract (i) from (ii), we get

Hence,

12. We have to show that the cube of a positive integer is of the form 6q + r, where q is an
integer and r = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
We know that any positive integer x can be of the form 6m, 6m + 1, 6m + 2, 6m + 3, 6m
+ 4 or 6m + 5.

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CASE I When x = 6q : In this case,

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x3 = (6q)3 = 6 (36q3) = 6m, where m = 36q3
CASE II When x = 6q + 1: In this case,

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x3 = (6q + 1)3 = 216q3 + 108q2 + 18q + 1 = 6 (36q3 + 18q2 + 3q) + 1
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= 6m + 1, where m = 36q3 + 18q2 + 3q and so on.
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13. The number is .

10

And, 625 = 54 and 5 is not a factor of 17.

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So, the given number is in its simplest form.

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The denominator 625 = 25 25 = 52 52 =20 54

So the denominator is in the form of where m=0 and n=4
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Hence the given number is a terminating decimal.

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Now,

14. We have to prove that is an irrational number.

Let be a rational number.

where p and q are co-prime integers and

On squaring both the sides, we get,

or,

or, p2 = 2q2
 p2 is divisible by 2.
p is divisible by 2........(i)
Let p = 2r for some integer r

or, p2 = 4r2

2q2= 4r2 [∵ p2 = 2q2]

or, q2 = 2r2

or, q2 is divisible by 2.
q is divisible by 2..........(ii)
From (i) and (ii)

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p and q are divisible by 2, which contradicts the fact that p and q are co-primes.

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Hence, our assumption is wrong.
is irrational number.
us
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15. Let n be any positive integer.
By Euclid's division lemma, n = 5q + r, 0 r<5
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n = 5q,5q + 1,5q + 2 ,5q 4- 3 or 5q + 4, where q

10

Now we find the square of n

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If n=5q then (5q)2 = 25q2= 5(5q2) = 5m

If n=5q+1then n2= (5q + 1 )2 = 25q2 + 10q + 1 = 5m + 1

cb

If n=5q+2 then n​2 = (5q + 2)2 = 25q2 + 20q + 4 = 5m + 4

dk

If n=5q+4 then n​2​=(5q + 3)2=25q2+30q+9=5m + 1

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Thus square of any positive integer is in the form of 5m,5m+1 or 5m+4, hence cannot
be of the form 5m + 2 or 5m + 3.

16. Let us assume that is rational. Then, there must exist positive co-primes
between a and b such that

is a rational number
Since a,b are integers, is a rational number. Therefore,we get is a rational
 number, which is a contradiction as is an irrational number.
Our supposition is wrong.
Hence is irrational.

17. (i) The required number of minutes after which they start preparing a new card
together = LCM of 10,16 and 20 minutes
Prime factorisation of 10 = 2 × 5
and prime factorisation of 16 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2
and prime factorisation of 20 = 2 × 2 × 5
Now, LCM(10,16,20) = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2× 5 = 80

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Therefore, Number of minutes after which they start preparing a new card together =

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80 minutes.
(ii) Recognition and care for elders removes the loneliness due to age related diseases.

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Moreover they feel happy to help young minds through their experience.
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18. Let n be any positive integer. Applying Euclids division lemma with divisor = 5, we get
di
10

Now (5q)2 = 25q2 = 5m, where m = 5q2, which is an integer;

se
cb
dk
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Thus, the square of any positive integer is of the form 5m, 5m + 1 or 5m + 4 for some
integer m.
It follows that the square of any positive integer cannot be of the form 5m + 2 or 5m +
3 for some integer m.

19. If 6n ends with 0 or 5 then it must have 5 as a factor.

Now 6n =

The prime factors of 6n are only 2 and 3

 And from the fundamental theorem of arithmetic, the prime factorization of every
composite number is unique.

6n can never end with 0 or 5.

20. The number of physics books is 192, the number of chemistry books is 240 and the
number of mathematics books is 168.
Here, we have to find the HCF of 192, 240 and 168 because the HCF will be the largest
number which divides 192, 240 and 168 exactly.

192 = 26 3

240 = 24 3 5

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168 = 23 3 7

Now, the HCF of 192, 240 and 168 is = 23 3 = 24

There must be 24 books in each stack
us
sc
Number of stacks of physics books =
And number of stacks of chemistry books =
di

And number of stacks of mathematics books =

10
se
cb
dk
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 CBSE Test Paper 02
Chapter 1 Real Number

1. _______ is neither prime nor composite. (1)

a. 4
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3
2. All non-terminating and non-recurring decimal numbers are (1)

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a. rational numbers

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b. irrational numbers
c. integers
d. natural numbers us
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3. The HCF of two consecutive odd numbers is (1)
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a. 2
b. 0
10

c. 1
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d. 3
4. The decimal expansion of ‘ ’: (1)
cb

a. is non-terminating and non-recurring

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b. is terminating
c. does not exist
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d. is non-terminating and recurring

5. If a is rational and is irrational, then is: (1)
a. an irrational number
b. an integer
c. a natural number
d. a rational number

6. Find the simplest form of . (1)

7. State whether the given rational number will have a terminating decimal expansion
or a nonterminating repeating decimal expansion. (1)
 8. What can you say about the prime factorisations of the denominators of
43.123456789. (1)

9. Find the LCM and HCF of 24, 15 and 36 by applying the prime factorization method.
(1)

10. For any integer a and 3, there exists unique integers q and r such that a = 3q + r. Find
the possible values of r. (1)

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11. If and are zeroes of x2- (k - 6)x + 2(2k - 1), find the value of k: if . (2)

sio
12. Find the prime factorization of 1296. (2)

13. Without actual division, show that rational number

us is a terminating decimal.
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Express decimal form. (2)
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14. Show that one and only one out of n, (n + 2) or (n + 4) is divisible by 3, where n EN. (3)
10

15. Wrtie the HCF and LCM of smallest odd composite number and the smallest odd
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prime number. If an odd number p divides q2, then will it divide q3 also? Explain. (3)
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16. The HCF and LCM of two polynomials P(x) and Q(x) are (2x–1) and
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respectively. If , determine Q(x). (3)

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17. The traffic lights at three different road crossings change after every 48 seconds, 72
seconds and 108 seconds respectively. If they all change simultaneously at 8 a.m. then
at what time will they again change simultaneously? (3)

18. Show that the cube of any positive integer is of the form 4m, 4m+1 or 4m+3, for some
integer m. (4)

19. Find the HCF of 256 and 36 using Euclid's Division Algorithm. Also, find their LCM and
verify that HCF LCM = Product of the two numbers. (4)

20. Use Euclid's division algorithm, to find the largest number, which divides 957 and
1280 leaving remainder 5 in each case. (4)
 CBSE Test Paper 02
Chapter 1 Real Number

Solution

1. b. 1
Explanation: 1 is neither prime nor composite.
A prime is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other
than 1 and itself
e.g. 5 is prime because 1 and 5 are its only positive integers factors but 6 is

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composite because it has divisors 2 and 3 in addition to 1 and 6.

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2. b. irrational numbers

us
Explanation: All non-terminating and non-recurring decimal numbers are
irrational numbers. A number is rational if and only if its decimal
sc
representation is repeating or terminating.
di

3. c. 1
10

Explanation: The HCF of two consecutive odd numbers is 1.(e.g the HCF of 25,
27 is 1)
se

4. a. is non-terminating and non-recurring

cb

Explanation: The decimal expansion of ‘ ’is non-terminating and non-

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recurring.
The value of = 3.141592653589……….
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Value of is not-repeating decimal, non-terminating and non-recurring

number.

5. a. an irrational number
Explanation: Let be rational and is irrational.
If possible let be rational.
Then is rational and is rational.
is rational [Difference of two rationals is rational]
is rational.
This contradicts the fact that is irrational.
The contradiction arises by assuming that is rational.
Therefore, is irrational.
 6. The prime factors of 69 and 92 are:
69= 3 13

7. Here, q = 55,

which is of the form 2n5m (n = 0, m = 5).

So the rational number has a terminating decimal expansion.

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8.

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Prime factorization of the denominator of 43.123456789 are
and are of the form,
us
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where m=9 and n=9
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9. 24, 15 and 36
10

Let us first find the factors of 24, 15 and 36

24 = 23 3
se

15 = 3 5
cb

36 = 2 2 3 3
dk

LCM of 24, 15 and 36 = 2 2 2 3 3 5

LCM of 24, 15 and 36 = 360
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HCF of 24, 15 and 36 = 3

10. According to Euclid's division lemma for two positive number a and b there exist
integers q and r such that a = b × q + r where 0 r < b.
Here b = 3
Therefore,
So, the possible values of r can be 0, 1, 2 because as per Euclid's division lemma r is
greater then or equal to zero and smaller then b

11. we are given that and are zeroes of x2- (k - 6)x + 2(2k - 1),
Given, are the zeroes of polynomial
 x2 - (k - 6)x + 2(2k - 1)
= -[-(k - 6)] = k- 6
= 2(2k - 1)

or, k + 6 =
or, k - 6 = 2k - 1
or k = - 5
Hence the value of k = - 5.

n
sio
us
sc
di

12.
10
se
cb
dk
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So, 1296 = 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 = 24 34
Hence the prime factors of 1296 are 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3.

13. The given number is .

The denominator 50 = 2 25

=2 52 = 21 52
So the denominator is in the form of where m = 1 and n = 2.
Hence the given number is a terminating decimal.
Now,

.
14. Let the number be (3q + r)

or 3q, 3q + 1, 3q + 2
If n = 3 q then, numbers are 3 q , (3q + 1), (3q + 2)
3q is divisible by 3.
If n = 3q + 1 then, numbers are (3q + 1), (3q + 3), (3q + 4)
(3q + 3) is divisible by 3
If n = 3q + 2 then, numbers are (3q + 2), (3q + 4), (3q + 6)
(3q + 6) is divisible by 3.
out of n, (n + 2) and (n + 4) only one is divisible by 3.

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15. Smallest odd composite number = 9
and smallest odd prime number = 3
HCF of 9 and 3 = 3 and LCM of 9 and 3 = 9
us
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Now, if an odd number p divides q2, then p is one of the factors of q2,
di

i.e. q2 = pm, for some integer m.....(i)

10

Now, q3 = q2× q

⇒ q3 = pm × q
se

⇒ q3 = p(mq)[from Eq(i)]
cb

⇒ p is a factor of q3 also ⇒ p divides q3.

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16. It is given that P(x) = 2x2 + 9x - 5

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HCF of P(x) and Q(x) = (2x - 1) and

LCM of p(x) and Q(x) = 6x3 + 25x2 - 24x + 5

= (2x - 1) ( 3x2 + 14x - 5) [Applying factor theorem]

= (2x - 1) ( 3x2 + 15x - x - 5)

= (2x - 1) (x + 5) (3x - 1)
Now, P(x) Q(x) = [HCF of P(x) and Q(x)] [LCM of P(x) and Q(x)]
(x + 5) (2x - 1) Q(x) = (2x - 1) (2x - 1) (x + 5) (3x - 1)

Q(x) = (2x - 1) (3x - 1) = 6x2 - 5x + 1

17. We have to find Prime Factors of the following numbers

so the LCM of 48, 72 and 108is

432 seconds = mins

432 seconds = 7.2 mins
So the time it will change together again is

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8 am + 7 mins 12 seconds = 8 : 07 : 12 am

18. Let a be an arbitrary positive integer.

us
Then, by Euclid's division Lemma, corresponding to the positive integers a and 4,
sc
there exist non - negative integers q and r such that
a = 4q+r , where
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⇒ a3 = (4q+r)3 = 64q3 + r3 + 12 qr2 +48q2r [(A+B)3 = A3 + B3 +3AB2 +3A2B]

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⇒ a3 = 64 q3 + 48 q2r +12 qr2 + r3 where ......(i)

se

The possible values of r are 0,1,2,3.

cb

Case I: If r=0 then from Eq.(i) we get

a3 = 64 q3 + 48 q2(0) +12 q(0)2 + (0)3

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a3 = 64 q3 = 4(16 q3)
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⇒ a3 = 4m

where, m = 16 q3 is an integer.
Case II: If r = 1, then from Eq.(i), we get

a3 = 64 q3 + 48 q2r +12 q + 1

a3 = 64 q3 + 48 q2(1) +12 q(1)2 + (1)3

= 4( 16 q3 + 12 q2 +3 q) + 1 = 4m + 1

where, m = (16 q3 + 12 q2 +3 q) is an integer.

Case III: If r = 2, then from Eq.(i), we get

a3 = 64 q3 + 48 q2(2) +12 q(2)2 + (2)3

 a3 = 64 q3 + 96 q2 +48 q + 8

= 4( 16 q3 + 24 q2 +12 q + 2) = 4m

where, m = (16 q3 + 24 q2 +12 q + 2) is an integer.

Case IV: If r = 3, then from Eq.(i), we get

a3 = 64 q3 + 48 q2(3) +12 q(3)2 + (3)3

a3 = 64 q3 + 144 q2 +108 q + 27

= 64 q3 + 144 q2 +108 q + 24 + 3

= 4( 16 q3 + 36 q2 +27 q + 6 ) + 3 = 4m + 3

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where, m = (16 q3 + 36 q2 +27 q + 6) is an integer.

sio
Hence, the cube for any positive integer is of the form 4m, 4m+ 1o 4m +3 for some
integer m.

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19. Since 256 > 36, we apply the division lemma to 256 and 36, to get
sc
256 = 36 7 4
di

Again on applying the division lemma to 36 and 4, to get

10

36 = 4 9 0
Hence, the HCF of 256 and 36 is 4
se
cb

So LCM (36,256) = 28 32 = 256 9 = 2304

dk

HCF LCM= 4 2304 = 9216

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and 36 256=9216
So HCF LCM = 36 256
Hence HCF LCM =Product of two numbers

20. Given numbers are 957 and 1280 and remainder is 5 in each case.Then , new numbers
after subtracting remainders are
957 – 5 = 952 and 1280 – 5 = 1275
Now, by using Euclid's Division lemma , we get
1275 = (952 × 1) + 323
Here remainder = 323
So, on taking 952 as dividend and 323 as new divisor and then apply Euclid's Division
lemma, we get
952 = (323 × 2) + 306
Again, remainder = 306.
So, on taking 323 as dividend and 306 as new divisor and then apply Euclid's Division
lemma, we get
323 = (306 × 1) + 17
Again, remainder = 17.
So, on taking 306 as dividend and 17 as new divisor and then apply Euclid's Division
lemma, we get
306 = (17 × 18) + 0

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Here, remainder = 0.
Since, remainder has now become zero and the last divisor is 17.
Therefore, HCF of 952 and 1275 is 17.
us
sc
di
10
se
cb
dk
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 CBSE Test Paper 03
Chapter 1 Real Numbers

1. 7 11 13 + 13 is a/an: (1)
a. odd number but not composite
b. Square number
c. prime number
d. composite number
2. 0.515115111511115…………. is (1)

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a. a rational number

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b. a prime number
c. an integer
d. an irrational number us
sc
3. The LCM of two numbers a2b3c9d6e11 and g5f21a3b1c10, where a, b, c, d, e, f, g are
di

prime numbers is: (1)

10

a.
b.
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c.
cb

d.
4. For any positive integer ‘a’ and 3, there exist unique integers ‘q’ and ‘r’ such that a =
dk

3q + r where ‘r’ must satisfy (1)

a. 1 < r < 3
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b.
c.
d. 0 < r < 3
5. The HCF of two consecutive numbers is (1)
a. 2
b. 0
c. 3
d. 1

6. Using prime factorisation, find the HCF and LCM of 36, 84. verify that HCF LCM =
product of given numbers. (1)
 7. The LCM of two numbers is 64699, their HCF is 97 and one of the numbers is 2231.
Find the other. (1)

8. Write the exponent of 3 in the prime factorisation of 162. (1)

9. If a and b are two positive integers such that a = bq + r. Where q and r are unique
integers. a < b, then find the value of q. (1)

10. State whether the following rational number will have a terminating decimal
expansion or a nonterminating repeating decimal expansion . (1)

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11. Express as a rational number in simplest form. (2)

sio
12. Find the value of k, if -1 is a zero of the polynomial p(x) = kx2 - 4x + k. (2)

13. Without actual division, show that

us
is a terminating decimal number. Express
sc
this number in decimal form. (2)
di

14. Explain why and are composite

10

numbers. (3)
se

15. Show that is irrational. (3)

cb

16. Find the largest number which divides 546 and 764, leaving remainders 6 and 8
respectively. (3)
dk

17. Using Euclid’s division algorithm, find whether the pair of numbers 847, 2160 are
@

coprimes or not. (3)

18. Find HCF and LCM of 378, 180 and 420 by prime factorization method. Is HCF LCM
of these numbers is equal to the product of the given three numbers? (4)

19. A fruit vendor has 990 apples and 945 oranges. He packs them into baskets. Each
basket contains only one of the two fruits but in equal number. Find the number of
fruits to be put in each basket in order to have minimum number of baskets. (4)

20. If and are zeroes of the polynomial ( 2 + )x2 + 61x + 6 . Find the values of

and . (4)
 CBSE Test Paper 03
Chapter 1 Real Numbers

Solution

1. d. composite number
Explanation: We have 7 11 13 + 13 = 13 (77 + 1) = 13 78. Since the given

number has 2 more factors other than 1 and itself, therefore it is a composite number.

2. d. an irrational number
Explanation: 0.515115111511115…………. is an irrational number because it is

n
sio
non-repeating decimal expansion.

3. a.

us
Explanation: The LCM of two numbers is their prime factors with greatest
sc
power. LCM of given numbers is

4. c.
di

Explanation: Since a is a positive integer, therefore, r = 0, 1, 2 only.

10

So, that a = 3q, 3q + 1, 3q + 2.

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5. d. 1
Explanation: The HCF of two consecutive numbers is always 1. ( e.g. HCF of 24,
cb

25 is 1).
dk

6. 36, 84
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Prime factorisation:

HCF = product of smallest power of each common prime factor in the numbers

LCM = product of greatest power of each prime factor involved in the numbers

HCF LCM = 12 252 = 3024 ......... (i)

Product of given numbers= 36 84= 3024 ....... (ii)
From (i) and (ii)
HCF LCM = product of given numbers.
 7. As we know that HCF * LCM = Product of two numbers
Let the other number be x. Then,

Therefore, the other number is 2813.

8. 162 = 2 34

Exponent of 3 = 4

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9. Euclid’s Division Lemma states that for given positive integer a and b, there exist

sio
unique integers q and r satisfying
a = bq + r;
Here b > 0 and b > a (given)
us
sc
So b > a > 0
b > bq+r > 0
di

b-bq > r > 0

10

b(1-q) > r >0

Dividing by b we get
se
cb

On subtraction of 1 from all we get

dk

or
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Also a > 0
or bq + r > 0
or
From (1) and (2) we can say that
Value of q is dependent on r and b
Hence q = f(r,b)

10.
which is of the form.
So, the rational number has a terminating decimal expansion.
11. Let . Then,
x = 0.1666... ............(i)
10x = 1.6666... ..........(ii)
And, 100x = 16.6666... ............ (iii)
On subtracting (ii) from (iii), we get
100x - 10x = 16.666.... - 1.666.....
90x = 15
.
.

n
12. It is given that if -1 is a zero of the polynomial p(x) = kx2 - 4x + k. We have to find the

sio
value of k.

Since, - 1 is a zero of the polynomial

us
sc
p(x) = kx2 - 4x + k,
then p (-1) = 0
di

k(-1)2- 4(-1) + k = 0
10

or, k + 4 + k = 0
se

or, 2k + 4 = 0
or, 2k = - 4
cb

Hence, k = - 2
dk

13. The number =

@

Here the denominator =

This can be written as
Clearly, is in the form of .
So, the given number is a terminating decimal.
Now,

14. Numbers are of two types - prime and composite.

Prime numbers can be divided by 1 and only itself, whereas composite numbers have
factors other than 1 and itself.
It can be observed that
 7 × 11 × 13 + 13 = 13 × (7 × 11+ 1)
= 13 × (77 + 1)
= 13 ×78
= 13 × 13 × 6
The given expression has 6 and 13 as its factors other than 1 and number itself.
Therefore, it is a composite number.
7×6×5×4×3×2×1+5
= 5 × (7 × 6 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 + 1)
= 5 × (1008+ 1)
= 5 × 1009

n
sio
1009 cannot be factorized further
Therefore, the given expression has 5 and 1009 as its factors other than 1 and number
itself.
Hence, it is a composite number. us
sc
15. Let us assume, to the contrary, that is rational number.
di

Then, there must exist co-primes number between a and b such that
10

.
se

Since a and b are integers, so is rational number because division of two rational
number is always a rational number .
cb

Thus, is also rational.

dk

But, this contradicts the fact that is irrational.

So, our assumption is incorrect.
@

Hence, is irrational.

16. 546 and 764 are divided by the largest number leaving remainders 6 and 8
respectively.
So,

So, 540 and 756 are exactly divisible by the required number.
Thus, the required number is the HCF of 540 and 756.
 HCF (540, 756) = 108
Hence the largest number which divides 546 and 764, leaving remainders 6 and 8
respectively is 108.

17. Here we have to find out HCF of 2160 and 847 by Using Euclid’s division Lemma, we
get
2160 = 847 2 + 466
Also 847 = 466 1 + 381
466 = 381 1 + 85
381 = 85 4 + 41

n
85 = 41 2+3

sio
41=3 13 + 2
3=2 1+1
2=1 2+0
us
sc
HCF = 1.
Hence the numbers are co-prime.
di
10

18. The prime factors of:

378 = 2 33 7
se

180 = 23 32 5
cb

420 = 22 3 7 5
dk

HCF = 2 3=6

and LCM(378, 180, 420) = 22 33 5 7 = 3780

@

HCF LCM = 6 3780 = 22680

Product of given numbers is = 378 180 420 = 28576800
Hence, HCF LCM Product of three numbers.

19. HCF of 990 and 945

990 = 945 1 + 45
945 = 45 21 + 0
HCF of 990 and 945 is 45.
As 45 is the maximum number which can divide both type of fruits.
The fruit vendor should put 45 fruits in each basket to have a minimum number of
baskets.
20. Given, and are zeroes of the polynomial ( 2 + )x2 + 61x + 6 .

or, .......(i)

and

or,
+1=6
=5
Substituting this value of in (i), we get

n
sio
or, us
sc
=
di
10

Hence,
se
cb
dk
@
 CBSE Test Paper 04
Chapter 1 Real Numbers

1. The largest number which divides 245 and 1029 leaving remainder 5 in each case is
(1)
a. 8
b. 12
c. 4
d. 16

n
2. Every positive odd integer is of the form ________ where ‘q’ is some integer. (1)

sio
a. 2q + 2
b. 5q + 1
c. 3q + 1 us
sc
d. 2q + 1
di
3. Which of the following is a rational number? , , , . (1)
a.
10

b.
se

c.
d.
cb

4. What is a lemma? (1)

dk

a. contradictory statement
b. proven statement
@

c. no statement
d. None ot these
5. If HCF(a, b) = 12 and = 1800, then LCM(a, b) is (1)
a. 150
b. 90
c. 900
d. 1800

6. The HCF of two numbers is 145 and their LCM is 2175. If one number is 725, find the
other. (1)
 7. What is the HCF of the smallest composite number and the smallest prime number?
(1)

8. Find the HCF of the following polynomials: . (1)

9. An army contingent of 1000 members is to march behind an army band of 56

members in a parade. The two groups are to march in the same number of columns.
What is the maximum number of columns in which they can march? (1)

10. If a and b are prime numbers, then what is their L.C.M.? (1)

n
11. Find the HCF of 1,656 and 4,025 by Euclid's division algorithm. (2)

sio
12. Find the smallest number which when increased by 17 is exactly divisible by both 520
and 468. (2)
us
sc
13. Write a rational number between and . (2)
di

14. If p is a prime number, then prove that is an irrational. (3)

10

15. Find the HCF of 180, 252 and 324 by using Euclid's division lemma. (3)
se

16. Prove that 15 + 17 is an irrational number. (3)

cb

17. Find the LCM and HCF of 336 and 54 and verify that LCM HCF = product of two
dk

numbers. (3)
@

18. On dividing the polynomial 4x4 - 5x3 - 39x2- 46x - 2 by the polynomial g(x), the

quotient is x2 - 3x - 5 and the remainder is - 5x + 8. Find the polynomial g(x). (4)

19. If the HCF of 152 and 272 is expressible in the form 272 8+ 152x, then find x. (4)

20. Prove that if x and y are odd positive integers, then x 2 + y 2 is even but not divisible
by 4. (4)
 CBSE Test Paper 04
Chapter 1 Real Numbers

Solution

1. d. 16
Explanation: Let us subtract 5 (the remainder) from each number in order to
find their HCF.
245 - 5 = 240
1029 - 5 = 1024

n
Now, Let us find HCF of 240 , 1024

sio
1024 = 240 4 + 64
240 = 64 3 + 48
64 = 48 1 + 16 us
sc
48 = 16 3+0
di
The largest number which divides 245 and 1029 leaving remainder 5 in each
case is 16.
10

2. d. 2q + 1
se

Explanation: Let be any positive integer and b = 2

cb

Then by applying Euclid’s Division Lemma,

we have, a = 2q +r,
dk

where = 0 or 1 a = 2q or 2q + 1 .
Therefore, it is clear that a = 2q i.e., a is an even integer.
@

Also, 2q and are two 2q + 1 consecutive integers, therefore, ​2q + 1​ is an odd

integer.

3. b.
Explanation: is an irrational number but because =3 and 3 is a
rational number.

4. b. proven statement
Explanation: A lemma is a proven statement that is used to prove another
statement.

5. a. 150
 Explanation: Using the result,
= Product of two natural numbers
LCM (a, b) = = 150

6. We are given that:

HCF =145,LCM=2175 a=725 and b=?
We know that
LCM HCF = a b

n
Therefore the second number is 435

sio
7. The smallest prime number is 2 and the smallest composite number is
Hence the required HCF (4 , 2) = 2
us
sc
8.
di
10
se
cb

9. 1000 =
dk

56 =
@

HCF of 1000 and 56 = 8

Maximum number of columns = 8

10. a = 1 a
b=1 b
HCF of a and b = 1
Their LCM = 1 a b
LCM of a and b = ab

11. AS 4025 > 1656 So applying Euclid's division algorithm on 4025 and 1656 we get
 Hence, HCF(1656, 4025) = 23
12. The smallest number divisible by 520 and 468 = LCM(520,468)
Prime factors of 520 and 468 are :

520 = 23 5 13
468 = 2 2 3 3 13

Hence LCM(520,468) = 23 32 5 13 = 8 9 5 13 = 4680

n
sio
Now the smallest number which when increased by 17 is exactly divisible by both 520
and 468.
= LCM(520,468)-17
= 4680-17 us
sc
= 4663
di

13. We can write the two given irrational numbers as:

10

= 2 and =3
Let p be any rational number between .
se
cb

2 < (p)2 < 3

One possible value of (p)2 = 2.25

dk

p = 1.5
@

14. Let p be a prime number and if possible, let be rational.

, where m and n are co-primes and n
Squaring on both sides, we get

or,

or, pn2= m2..............(I)

Hence p is a factor of m​2​, So p is a factor of m ............. (1)

So let m=pt ,t is any integer
On putting m=pt in.(i), we get
 Hence p is a factor of n​2​, So p is a factor of n ............ (2)
From (1) and (2) p is a common factor of m and n
Thus this contradicts the fact that m and n are co-primes.
The contradiction arises by assuming that is rational.
Hence, is irrational
15. Given numbers are 180, 252 and 324.
324 > 252 >180
On applying Euclid's Division lemma for 324 and 252, we get

n
324 = (252 × 1) + 72

sio
Here, remainder = 72 ≠ 0
So, again applying Euclid's Division lemma with new dividend 252 and new divisor
72, we get
252 = (72 × 3) + 36 us
sc
Here, remainder =36 ≠ 0
di

So, again applying Euclid's Division lemma with new dividend 72 and new divisor 36,
10

we get
72 = (36 × 2) + 0
se

Here, remainder = 0 and divisor is 36

cb

So, HCF of 324 and 252 is 36

Now, applying Euclid's Division lemma for 180 and 36, we get
dk

180 = (36 × 5) + 0
@

Here, remainder = 0
So HCF of 180 and 36 is 36.
Hence, HCF of 180,252 and 324 is 36.
16. Suppose , where a and b are co-prime integers,
Squaring both sides,

Multiplying with on both sides,

LHS =
RHS =
 Our supposition is wrong.
is irrational.
Suppose is a rational number.
, where are co-prime,

is rational number,
is irrational.

Our supposition is wrong.

n
sio
is irrational.

us
sc
di
17.
10
se
cb

So, 336 = 2 2 2 2 3 7 = 24 3 7
dk
@

So, 54 =
Therefore,
LCM (336, 54) =
HCM (336, 54) = .
Verification:
LCM HCF = 3024 6 = 1814 and 336 54 = 18144
i.e. LCM HCF = product of two numbers
18. It is given that on dividing the polynomial 4x4 - 5x3 - 39x2- 46x - 2 by the polynomial

g(x), the quotient is x2 - 3x - 5 and the remainder is - 5x + 8. We have to find the

polynomial g(x).
Now, we know that
Dividend = (Divisor Quotient) + Remainder

4x4- 5x3-39x2 - 46x- 2 = g(x) (x2- 3x -5 ) + (-5x + 8)

or, 4x4 - 5x3 - 39x2 - 46x - 2 + 5x - 8 = g(x) (x2- 3x - 5)

or, 4x4 - 5x3 - 39x2 - 41x - 10 = g(x)(x2- 3x - 5)

g(x) =

n
sio
us
sc
di
10
se
cb
dk

Hence, g(x) = 4x2 + 7x + 2

@

19. On applying the Euclid’s division lemma to find HCF of 152, 272, we get

Here the remainder = 0.

 Using Euclid’s division lemma to find the HCF of 152 and 120, we get

Again the remainder = 0.

Using division lemma to find the HCF of 120 and 32, we get

Similarly,

n
sio
us
sc
di

HCF of 272 and 152 is 8.

10

272 8 + 152x = H.C.F. of the numbers

se
cb
dk
@

20. Let x = 2p + 1 and y = 2q + 1

is an even number but not divisible by 4.

 CBSE Test Paper 05
Chapter 1 Real Numbers

1. The exponent of 3 in the prime factorization of 864 is: (1)

a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 8
2. Which of the following numbers has terminating decimal expansion? (1)

n
a.

sio
b.
c.
d. us
sc
3. The decimal expansion of will terminate after: (1)
di
a. 2 decimal places
b. 3 decimal places
10

c. 1 decimal place
se

d. None of these
4. The smallest number of 4 digits exactly divisible by 12, 15, 18 and 27 is (1)
cb

a. 1000
dk

b. 1080
c. 1002
@

d. 1001
5. A number when divided by 61 gives 27 as quotient and 32 as remainder, then the
number is: (1)
a. 1796
b. 1569
c. 1679
d. 1967
6. Given that HCF (306, 657) = 9, find LCM (306, 657). (1)
7. State whether will have terminating decimal expansion or a non-

terminating repeating decimal expansion. (1)

 8. Express the given number as product of its prime factors: 234. (1)
9. Factorise and find the HCF of the following pairs of polynomials: (1)

10. What can you say about the prime factorisations of the denominators of
rational. (1)
11. Prove that is irrational. (2)
12. Without actual division, show that is a non terminating repeating decimal.

(2)
13. Find the largest number which exactly divides 280 and 1245 leaving remainders 4 and

n
3, respectively. (2)

sio
14. Find the values of a and b so that the polynomials P(x) and Q(x) have
as their HCF, where (3)

us
sc
15. Prove that 3 + is an irrational number. (3)
di

16. If find the values of m and n where m and n are non-negative integers.
10

Hence, write its decimal expansion without actual division. (3)

17. A sweet seller has 420 kaju barfis and 130 badam barfis. She wants to stack them in
se

such a way that each stack has the same number, and they take up the least area of
cb

the tray. What is the maximum number of barfis that can be placed in each stack for
this purpose? (3)
dk

18. Use Euclid's Division Lemma to show that the cube of any positive integer is of the
@

form 9m, 9m + 1, or 9m + 8 for some integer m. (4)

19. Prove that the square of any positive integer is of the form 3m or, 3m + 1 but not of
the form 3m + 2. (4)
20. Prove that if both x and y are positive odd integers, x = 2m + 1 and y = 2n + 1, prove

that x2 + y2 is an even integer but not divisible by 4 where m and n are positive
integer. (4)
 CBSE Test Paper 05
Chapter 1 Real Numbers

Solution

1. b. 3
Explanation: Prime factorization of 864 = =
Therefore the exponent of 3 in the prime factorization of 864 is 3

2. c.
Explanation: has terminal decimal expansion because terminal decimal

n
sio
expansion should have the denominator 2 or 5 only.

3. b. 3 decimal places
Explanation: = =
us
sc
Here, in the denominator of the given fraction the highest power of prime
factor 5 is 3, therefore, the decimal expansion of the rational number will
di

terminate after 3 decimal places.

10

4. b. 1080
se

Explanation: LCM (12, 15, 18, 27) = 540

Now, smallest four digit number = 1000
cb

1000 540 = 1 540 + 460 (Remainder = 460)

dk

Therefore, the smallest number of 4 digits exactly divisible by 12, 15, 18 and 27
is 1000 + (540 – 460) = 1000 + 80 = 1080
@

5. c. 1679
Explanation: Dividend = Divisor Quotient + Remainder
Number(dividend) = D Q+R
Therefore the number (Dividend) = 61 27 + 32
= 1647 + 32 = 1679

6. As we know that, HCF LCM = Product of two numbers

LCM (306, 657) = = = 22338.

7. According to the question,

The given number is
 Clearly, none of is a factor of 129.
So, the number will have a non terminating decimal expansion.

8. Using prime factorization, we have

9.

Using Identity

Using Identity

n
sio
10. Let x = ......(i)
1000000x = 27142857.142857 ......(ii) us
sc
Subtract (i) from (ii)
di
999999x = 27142830
x = 27142830/999999
10

999999 = 3 × 3 × 111111
se

11. Let us consider is a rational number that can be written as

cb

=a
dk

Squaring both sides, we get

@

⇒ 5 = (a)2

⇒ = a2 + 3 - 5

⇒ = a2 - 2

As a2 – 2, 2a are integers .

So is also rational but is not rational which contradicts our consideration.

Since a rational number cannot be equal to an irrational number . Our assumption
that √3 + √5 is rational wrong .
So, is irrational.
12. The given number is .

Clearly, none of 2, 5 and 7 is a factor of 129.

So, the given rational is in its simplest form.
And,
is a non-terminating repeating decimal.

As the given number contains a factor 72 in it's denominator so it is non-terminating

repeating decimal.

13. We need to find the largest number which exactly divides 280 and 1245 leaving

n
remainders 4 and 3, respectively. The required number when divides 280 and 1245,

sio
leaves remainder 4 and 3, this means
280 - 4 = 276 and 1245 - 3 = 1242 are completely divisible by the number.

us
Therefore, the required number = H.C.F. of 276 and 1242.
sc
By applying Euclid’s division lemma:
1242 = 276 4 + 138
di

276 = 138 2 + 0.
10

Therefore, H.C.F of 276 and 1242 = 138.

Hence, the required number is 138.
se
cb

14.
dk

Since, therefore,
@

(x+3) and (x-4) are factors of p(x), As (x-4) is already seen

in p(x) and (x+3) is also a factor of p(x).
Thus, by factor theorem, x + 3 = 0
Hence,

Again,

Since,
, by factor theorem Q(4) must equal to 0.
 Hence, a = 6, b = -2

15. Let 3 + is a rational number.

Now in RHS is rational

This shows that is rational

n
sio
But this contradict the fact that is irrational, This is because we assumed that 3 +
is a rational number.
is an irrational number.
us
sc
16. According to question,
di
10
se

Now
cb

( by multiplying and dividing by 52 )

dk

?
@

= 0.06025

17. A sweet seller has 420 kaju barfis and 130 badam barfis
HCF(420, 130) will give the maximum number of barfis that can be placed in each
stack.
By Euclid’s division algorithm,

∴ The sweet seller can make stacks of 10 for both kinds of barfis.
18. we have to Use Euclid's Division Lemma to show that the cube of any positive integer
is of the form 9m, 9m + 1, or 9m + 8 for some integer m.
Let a = 3q + r, 0 r<3
or a = 3q, 3q + 1 and 3q + 2
Case I : a = 3q

or a3 = (3q)3 = 27q3 = 9(3q3)

= 9m where m = 3q3
Case II : a = 3q + 1

a3 = (3q + 1)3

n
= 27q3 + 9q(3q + 1) + 1

sio
= 9m + 1

where m = 3q3 + 3q2 + 1

Case III : a 3q + 2 us
sc
a3 = (3q + 2)3
di

= 27q3 + 18q(3q + 2) + 8
10

= 9(3q3 + 6q2 + 4q)+ 8

= 9m + 8
se

where m = 3q2 + 6q2 + 4q

cb

From Case I, II and III, we conclude that the cube of any positive integer is of the form
dk

9m, 9m + 1 or 9m + 8 for some integer m.

@

19. By Euclid’s division algorithm

a = bq + r, where 0 ≤ r ≤ b
Put b = 3
a = 3q + r, where 0 ≤ r ≤ 3
If r = 0, then a = 3q
If r = 1, then a = 3q + 1
If r = 2, then a = 3q + 2

Now, (3q)2 = 9q2

= 3 × 3q2
= 3m, where m is some integer
 (3q + 1)2 = (3q)2 + 2(3q)(1) + (1)2

= 9q2 + 6q + 1

= 3(3q2 + 2q) + 1
= 3m + 1, where m is some integer

(3q + 2)2 = (3q)2 + 2(3q)(2) + (2)2

= 9q2 + 12q + 4

= 9q2 + 12q + 4

= 3(3q2 + 4q + 1) + 1

n
= 3m + 1, where m is some integer

sio
Hence the square of any positive integer is of the form 3m, or 3m +1
But not of the form 3m + 2

us
20. Since both x and y are positive odd integers x = 2m + 1 and y = 2n + 1, where m and n
sc
are some whole numbers.
di
10
se

= 4q + 2, where q = m2 + m + n2 + n, which is a whole number.

cb

We note that 4q + 2 is an even integer but leaves reminder 2 when divided by 4.

Hence, x2 + y2 is an even integer but not divisible by 4.

dk
@