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The document describes various types of lamps, including incandescent, fluorescent, compact fluorescent, mercury vapor, metal halide, and LED lamps, detailing their mechanisms of light production and efficiency. Incandescent lamps generate light by heating a filament, while fluorescent lamps use a phosphor coating to emit light from ionized gas. LEDs are semiconductor devices that emit light when an electric current passes through them, and they are known for their energy efficiency and long lifespan.

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10 views

types

The document describes various types of lamps, including incandescent, fluorescent, compact fluorescent, mercury vapor, metal halide, and LED lamps, detailing their mechanisms of light production and efficiency. Incandescent lamps generate light by heating a filament, while fluorescent lamps use a phosphor coating to emit light from ionized gas. LEDs are semiconductor devices that emit light when an electric current passes through them, and they are known for their energy efficiency and long lifespan.

Uploaded by

bonifaciosumalinog1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AN INCANDESCENT LAMP IS A DEVICE THAT PRODUCES LIGHT BY HEATING A

MATERIAL TO A HIGH TEMPERATURE. WHEN A SOLID OR GAS IS HEATED,


TYPICALLY THROUGH COMBUSTION OR ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE, IT EMITS
LIGHT WITH A COLOR CHARACTERISTIC OF THE MATERIAL.

A FLUORESCENT LAMP IS AN ELECTRIC DISCHARGE LAMP THAT IS COOLER


AND MORE EFFICIENT THAN INCANDESCENT LAMPS. IT PRODUCES LIGHT
THROUGH THE FLUORESCENCE OF A PHOSPHOR COATING INSIDE A GLASS
TUBE FILLED WITH ARGON AND MERCURY VAPOR. METAL ELECTRODES AT
EACH END EMIT ELECTRONS, IONIZING THE GAS AND EMITTING ULTRAVIOLET
RADIATION.

A LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE (LED) IS A SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE THAT EMITS


LIGHT WHEN AN ELECTRIC CURRENT PASSES THROUGH IT. AS CURRENT
FLOWS, ELECTRONS RECOMBINE WITH HOLES, RELEASING LIGHT. LEDS
ALLOW CURRENT TO FLOW IN THE FORWARD DIRECTION AND BLOCK IT IN
THE REVERSE DIRECTION. THEY ARE MADE OF HEAVILY DOPED P-N
JUNCTIONS, AND THE COLOR OF THE EMITTED LIGHT DEPENDS ON THE
SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL AND THE LEVEL OF DOPING.

2. WHAT ARE THE 7 TYPES OF LAMPS?

AN INCANDESCENT LAMP GENERATES LIGHT WHEN AN ELECTRIC CURRENT


PASSES THROUGH A FILAMENT, HEATING IT TO INCANDE SCENCE. THE
FILAMENT IS TYPICALLY MADE OF TUNGSTEN AND ENCLOSED IN A GLASS
BULB FILLED WITH AN INERT GAS (LIKE ARGON OR NITROGEN) TO PREVENT
OXIDATION.

A TUNGSTEN HALOGEN LAMP ALSO KNOWN AS HALOGEN LAMP IS AN


INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCE. IT CONSISTS OF A TUNGSTEN FILAMENT,
ENCLOSED IN AN ENVIRONMENT OF AN INERT GAS AND A SMALL AMOUNT OF
A HALOGEN (BROMINE OR IODINE). THE COMBINATION OF THE TUNGSTEN
FILAMENT AND THE HALOGEN RESULTS IN A CHEMICAL REACTION CALLED
THE HALOGEN CYCLE, WHICH INCREASES THE LIFETIME OF THE FILAMENT
A FLUORESCENT LAMP IS AN ELECTRIC DISCHARGE LAMP THAT IS COOLER
AND MORE EFFICIENT THAN INCANDESCENT LAMPS. IT PRODUCES LIGHT
THROUGH THE FLUORESCENCE OF A PHOSPHOR COATING INSIDE A GLASS
TUBE FILLED WITH ARGON AND MERCURY VAPOR. METAL ELECTRODES AT
EACH END EMIT ELECTRONS, IONIZING THE GAS AND EMITTING ULTRAVIOLET
RADIATION.

A COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMP (CFL), ALSO KNOWN AS AN ENERGY- SAVING


LIGHT, COMBINES THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF FLUORESCENT LIGHTING
WITH THE CONVENIENCE OF INCANDESCENT FIXTURES. CFLS CAN REPLACE
INCANDESCENT BULBS THAT ARE 3-4 TIMES THEIR WATTAGE, SAVING UP TO
75% OF ENERGY. WHILE CFLS COST 3-10 TIMES MORE THAN INCANDESCENT
LAMPS, THEY LAST ABOUT 10 TIMES LONGER, WITH A LIFESPAN OF
APPROXIMATELY 10,000 HOURS.

THE MERCURY VAPOR PRESSUR IS KEPT LOW TO ENSURE THAT 60% OF THE
INPUT ENERGY IS CONVERTED INTO ULTRAVIOLET (UV) LIGHT AT 253.7 NM.
ELECTRONS NEED MINIMAL ENERGY FOR TRANSITION, AND AS PRESSURE
RISES, THE CHANCES OF COLLISIONS ALSO INCREASE. A MERCURY LAMP
INCLUDES AN INNER QUARTZ ARC TUBE THAT CAN WITHSTAND
TEMPERATURES UP TO 1300K AND AN OUTER BOROSILICATE GLASS
ENVELOPE THAT CAN HANDLE TEMPERATURES UP TO 700K.

A METAL HALIDE LAMP FEATURES A METAL BASE AND A GLASS SHIELD THAT
PROTECTS ITS INTERNAL COMPONENTS. INSIDE THE GLASS SHIELD,
MULTIPLE LAMPS ARE COMBINED WITHIN A SINGLE ARC TUBE, EACH WITH
DIFFERENT MIXTURES OF ELEMENTS. THE COMPACT ARC TUBE CONTAINS A
HIGH-PRESSURE MIXTURE OF ARGON, MERCURY, AND VARIOUS METAL
HALIDES.

AN LED (LIGHT EMITTING DIODE) IS A SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE THAT EMITS


INFRARED OR VISIBLE LIGHT WHEN AN ELECTRIC CURRENT IS APPLIED. FIRST
INTRODUCED IN 1968 BY HEWLETT-PACKARD (HP) FOR CONSUMER
ELECTRONICS, VISIBLE LED LIGHTS ARE NOW WIDELY USED AS INDICATOR
LAMPS, CAR BRAKE LIGHTS, AND IN ALPHANUMERIC DISPLAYS OR FULL-
COLOR BILLBOARDS

3. FIND THE DEFINITION OF THE FOLLOWING LIGHTING TERMS:

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