3. Name three liquids, which when tested in the manner shown in the following figure, may cause the magnetic needle to deflect. *** & Answer the following questions in one or two sentences : i) 1. What are good conductors of electricity ? Give examples. i A. Materials, which allow electric current to pass through them, are good conductors of clectricity. For example, metals such as aluminium, copper, etc. are good conductors of | electricity. ie Ke | 2, What are poor conductors of electricity ? Give examples. ! ‘A. Materials which do not allow electric current to pass through them easily, are poor conductors | — en = aera a | of electricity. For example, rubber, plastic, wood, etc. are poor conductors of elect ) | IK Liquids whi ictors of electricity such as lemon juice, vinegar, tap water, etc. ested in the shown in the figure , may cause the magnetic needle to de! | I — Sas 4. When the free ends of a tester are dipped into a solution, the magnetic needle shows deflection. Can you explain the reason? *** A. The compass needle shows a deflection which concludes that current is flowing through the wire, The circuit becomes complete as the free ends of the tester are immersed inside the solution. So, the solution is a conducting solution hence deflection is obtained in the compass needle. | Chapter- 11 : Chemical Effects of Electric Current8. 10, D : oe pure water conduct electricity? If not, what can we do to make it conducting? *** re water does not conduct electricity as it does not contain any type of salts, Adding a small Will the solution of sugar in distilled water conduct electricity? poor conductor of electricity and therefor No, the solution of sugar in distilled water is a current cannot pass through it, ion tests the drinking water and also the seawater Achild staying in a coastal reg) e compass needle deflects more in the case of with his tester. He finds that th seawater. Can you explain the reason? *** huge amount of salts in comparison to drinking wat 3d it produces a stron The seawater contains seawater is a better conductor of electricity an wire and hence deflects the compass needle more. ale In case of a fire, before the firemen use the water hoses, they shut off the main electrical supply for the area. Explain why they do this. Water used in water hoses contains ing ita good conductor of electricity. Ifthe _ electrical supply ofthe area isnot sh from the electrical appliances and harm them. _ Is t safe for the electrician to carry out electrical repairs outdoors during heavy downpour? Explain.*** No, itis not sae fr the electrician to cmy out electrical repais ‘outdoors during heavy downpour. consists of dissolved salts, it can conduct elect. The electiian might get electric + he should not cary out any electrical repairs during heavy downpour. .d water. So she collected some ter is as good as distille ibler and tested it using a tester, To her surprise she flection, What could be the reasons? *** As rainwater shocks and Paheli had heard that rainwa' rain water in a clean glass tum found that the compass needle sI Rain water is pure water but as it falls do pollutants. suspended particles and lectricity. i iss needle. howed di wn it gets mixed with ar. Air contains gases, This makes rainwater a good conductor of el Hence, Paheli could see a deflection in the compa ‘Tear [lu]What do you understand about the chemical effect of electric current ? 1. A. The passage of an electric current through a conducting liquid causes chemical reactions. The resulting effects are called chemical effects of currents rie 12. Why do some fresh fruits and vegetables conduct electricity ? k A. Some fruits and vegetables can conduct electricity since they contain vitamins, minerals and acidic juices lke citric acid and ascorbic acid which allow electric current to pass through them, 413. What happens when an electric current is passed through a freshly cut potato? A. fan electric current is passed through a freshly cut potato for around half an hour, a greenish blue spot is seen around the wire connected to the positive terminal. This happens due to the chemical effect of electric current. ee ie 14, Prepare a list of objects around you that are electroplated. *** A. Objects that are electroplated are door handles, taps, rims of cycles, showers, the handlebars of cycles and bikes, gas burner, tin cans, metallic Imirahs, buckles of belts, ornaments, etc. 15. Whatis electroplating ? A. The process of depositing a layer of any desired metal on another material by means of electricity is called electroplating. | 16. What happens when in the circuit for electroplating a copper plate and a carbon rod in copper sulphate solution are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery respectively? te A. We get a coating of copper on the carbon rod connected to the negative terminal of the batten 17. Which metal is coated on the handles of bicycles ? A. The handles of bicycles are coated with chromium metal. m , auc al ution in 18, Priya wants to deposit silver on an iron spoon. She took silver nitrate pee a beaker and set up a simple circuit for electroplating. Which terminal of Me det should the spoon be connected to? What material should the ‘other electro aa "oul A. Spoon should be connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The other ele’ seen EEETE Chapter-11 + Chemical Effects of Electric Curret ‘Yea,threat to the environment. Why ? 1 because the used conducting n cause serious The process of electroplating can be a ess of electroplating can be a threat to the environment eiaitanl : , solution is a polluting waste and ifnot disposed as per specific guidelines it ca harm to the environment. Do as directed electricity. he following liquids into good conductors and poor conductors of Classifyt Temon juice | milk | honey | distilled water | vinegar | t@P water I} ____kerosene | ‘oda | vegetable oll | buttermilk Good conductors : | vinegar, tap water, soda. pputtermikk e poorconductors : milk dstiled water, kerosene, vegetable il, honey — Choose the correct option for each of the following questions Zo Which of the following does not conduct electricity ? zs) (a) Rubber (8) Copper (© Aluminium (0) Iron electricity in lemon juice the pulb glows due to the while testing conduction of effect of electric current. (8) heating oO chemical liquids, labelled A and duction of electricity through two liq (a) magnetic tly for liquid A wh! d to check the Co! A tester is use i" 8 it is found that the pulb of the tester glows Brid dimly for liquid B. You ‘would conclude that___—~ (a) liquid A is 2 better conductor than liquid B. (@) liquid B is 2 better conductor than liquid A. (©) both liquids are equally conducting: (0) conducting properties of liquid cannot be compared in this manner. The solution of in distilled water does not conduct electricity: (A) salt (e) sugar (©) lemon juice (0) vinegar ‘an electric current can proauce @) (A) heating effect () chemical effect (0) all of these ffect Standard : 8 | Part: 2 | Science (© magnetic e reat] ~ a renee camera saa \ When electric current is passed through a conducting solution, there is a change of c of the solution. This indicates . clour (A) the chemical effect of current (8) the heating effect of current ws \ (©) the magnetic effect of current (0) the lightning effect of current Tin cans, used for storing food, are made by electroplating onto | (A) iron, tin (®) steel, tin (© tin, iron © tin, ai oe Boojho’s uncle has set up an electroplating factory near his village. He should dispose of the waste from the factory : | (A) in the nearby river (8) in the nearby pond (© inthe nearby com field | (0) according to the disposal guidelines of the local authority | 8 Fill in the blanks 1. An LED should be used instead of electric bulbs to check the presence | of weak current in the circuit. 2. While connecting an LED to a circuit, the longer lead is always connected to the | ___ positive terminal and the shorter lead is connected to the of the battery. 3. The deflection of the __ Compass needle in an electric tester indicates the conduction | of electric current through the circuit. 4. Under normal conditions air is a_ poor Conductor _ of electricity. | 5. Small amount of mineral salt present naturally in water makes it a Conductor _ | of electricity. | 6 Most liquids that conduct electricity are solutions of acids ___+ bases and salts ia 7. The passage of an electric current through a solution causes __ _chemical_— effects. *** 8 Electroplating is one of the most common applications of __chemical____ effects f electric current, 9. After electroplating, the mass of the object creases | 10. The process of depositing a layer of any desired metal on another material PY means electricity is called electroplating .*** Chapter-11 Chemical Effects of Electric Current ‘Toear a11. 12. 13. gO Mark the following as V or X al: If you pass current through copper sulphate solution, copper gets deposited on the plate connected to the negative terminal of the battery. *** Electroplating of chromium __is done on objects like water taps and cycle bell to give them a shiny appearance Jewellery makers electroplate silver and gold _ on less expensive metals. Plastic acts as an insulator of electricity. Electric current produces a magnetic effect. 4 Petrol is a poor conductor of electricity. ake water an electrical insulator. x) erminal of the battery. Minerals in small amounts of water m: The object to be electroplated is connected to the negative t Chromium metal has a shiny appearance. silver nitrate solution is used to coat silver on vessels of copper.