Shivam Evs
Shivam Evs
Group No: 02
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Maharashtra State Board of Technical
Education, Mumbai
CERTIFICATE
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INDEX
SR.NO CONTENT PAGE NO
1 Introduction 8
11 Advantages 24
12 Conclusion 25
13 Reference 26
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PART A – Plan Micro Project Proposal
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4.0 Resources Required
Name of
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Resource/Ma Specifications Qty Remarks
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1 PC Window10 1 Available
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PART B – Plan Micro Project Report
The procedure for implementing energy conservation initiatives typically begins with
setting clear energy efficiency goals and standards, such as establishing minimum
efficiency requirements for appliances, vehicles, and buildings. Governments and
organizations then develop incentive programs like tax credits or subsidies to promote
renewable energy adoption. Building codes are updated to include energy-efficient
design and construction practices, while industries are encouraged to conduct energy
audits to identify potential savings. Public awareness campaigns are launched to
educate the public on energy-saving behaviors. Smart grid technologies are
introduced to optimize energy distribution and monitoring, and regulations are
enforced to ensure compliance with energy-saving practices. Regular evaluations and
updates to policies help maintain the effectiveness of these initiatives.
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5.0 Actual Resources Used
Sr Name of
Specifications Qty Remarks
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1 PC Window10 1 Available
2 Web Browser Google 1 Available
1. Management Using Technical publication
Available
3 Library/Books 2.Management by Nirali ublication 2
3. Management work book MSBTE
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INTRODUCTION
ii. Industrial and commercial users can increase energy use efficiency to maximize
profit. In passive solar building design, windows, walls, and floors are made to
collect, store, and distribute solar energy in the form of heat in the winter and reject
solar heat in the summer. This is called passive solar design or climatic design
because, unlike active solar heating systems, it doesn't involve the use of mechanical
and electrical devices.
iii. The key to designing a passive solar building is to best take advantage of the local
climate. Elements to be considered include window placement and glazing type,
thermal insulation, thermal mass, and shading. Passive solar design techniques can be
applied most easily to new buildings, but existing buildings can be adapted or
"retrofitted".
iv. Responsibility for energy conservation fall between three Government departments
although is led by the Department for Energy and Climate Change (DECC). The
Department for Communities and Local Government (CLG) is still responsible for
energy standards in buildings, and the Department for Environment, Food and Rural
Affairs (Defra) retains a residual interest in energy insofar as it leads to emissions of
CO2, the main greenhouse gas.
v. The Department for Transport retains many responsibilities for energy conservation in
transport. At an operational level, there are two main non- departmental governmental
bodies ("quangoes") the Energy Saving Trust, working mainly in the domestic sector
with some interest in transport, and the Carbon Trust, working with industry and
innovative energy technologies. In addition, there are many independent NGOs
working in the sector such as the Centre for Sustainable Energy in Bristol or the
National Energy Foundation in Milton Keynes, and directly helping consumers make
informed choices on energy efficiency.
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ON ENERGY CONSERVATION
ii. The term environmental technologies is also used to describe a class of electronic
devices that can promote sustainable management of resources. Of the 52 percent of
the country's population that lives in rural areas, 22 percent reside in or near forests. A
majority of these people rely on forest resources for their livelihood, making
sustainable land and forest management a critically important challenge for the
Philippines.
iii. This section presents the major trends in land and forest resources management in the
country over the past five to ten years. While there has been some increase in forest
cover owing to reforestation efforts and natural regeneration, per capita forest cover in
the Philippines is still the lowest in Asia. Moreover, the remaining primary or intact
forests remain under threat.
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CONSERVATION OF ENERGY AT VARIOUS LEVELS
In all country residential demands constitute major part of total energy used. When
comparing an average house to our energy efficient house, it is possible to reduce annual
energy bills up to 40%. We should develop an energy conservation plan for our house. This is
both an environment friendly and economically sound action. The steps in developing an
energy conservation plan for our home are
(1) identify the problem areas where energy is being lost or inefficiently used.
(2) to prioritize the problem areas according to how much energy is being lost or inefficiently
used and
(3) systematically correct the prioritized problems according to the limits of our household
energy improvement budget. Apart from lights and fans, several other household appliances
have flooded the market. A cautious operation and use of good quality electrical appliances
(with five-star rating) not only enhance their life. but also save energy. Some energy
conservation activities are mentioned below:
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b) OVENS/MICROWAVE OVEN: -
To conserve energy while using ovens we should keep in mind the following:
We should use microwaves as they consume 50% less energy than conventional
ovens.
The oven door should not have any cracks or tears in it.
We should use "lids-on" cooking to permit temperature overheating.
Keep reflector pans beneath stove top heating elements bright and clear.
Carefully measure water used for cooking to avoid having to heat needed.
Begin cooking on highest heat until liquid begins to boil. Then lower the settings and
allow food to simmer until fully cooked.
One should cook as much of the meal in the oven at one time as possible.
c) IRONING: -
Every day we iron our clothes. It consumes approximately 1000-watt energy, which is
a huge amount. But we can save energy by ironing clothing in bulk and not just one or
two at a time. Ensure that the thermostat on the iron is working and set the right
temperature for the clothing being ironed.
d) COOKING: -
Major part of energy is consumed during cooking. It can be saved during cooking by
using all these measures. Use a cooking pan that is slightly bigger than your cooker
plate, coil or burner. Keep saucepan lids on. Turn down the heat once food starts
boiling.
LIGHTING: -
Increasing energy demand the world over and the ever-increasing prices of energy have
provided a justifiable reason for improving energy efficiencies of all energy intensive
technologies. Some methods of saving energy during lighting are as follows:
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Use task lighting whenever possible instead of brightly lighting an entire area or
room.
Use compact fluorescent lamps (CFL) in place of incandescent bulbs. A 23-watt
compact fluorescent bulb can replace a 90 or 100 watt.
Use dim light in galleries, lobbies; balconies etc.
Do not keep computer, TV, tape recorder, music system in standby mode. You can
save 70-kilowatt hour per year.
Geysers consume the maximum amount of electricity. Thermostat can be set to a
lower temperature 45 degreeC to 50 degeeC.
COOLING: -
A huge amount of energy is wasted in cooling. Following cooling measures can be taken to
conserve energy:
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B. ENERGY CONSERVATION AT COMMUNITY LEVEL: -
Energy conservation is a very sensitive issue throughout the world. In a society where money
and especially saving of financially advantageous options are available to us, we should
follow the following measures to reduce energy consumption.
All unnecessary lights should be turned off especially when conference rooms etc. are
not in use.
Energy uses should be minimized during peak demand hours.
Set computers, monitors, photocopiers and other business equipment’s to their energy
saving mode. Turn them off during long idle hours such as lunch breaks.
Skylights should be used for warehouses.
Ensure that offices having air conditions have proper windows and all doors are
closed when the air conditioner is in use.
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MAJOR RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES: -
Solar Energy
Wind Energy
Hydro Energy
Biomass Energy
Tidal Energy
Geothermal Energy
Bio-fuel
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POWER PRODUCTION SCENARIO IN INDIA: -
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ENERGY CONSERVATION AT COMMUNITY LEVEL
FOR HOUSING COMPLEXES: -
We require energy for all kinds of work. Cooking, lighting, cooling, transportation etc. But
often the amount of energy which we use is comparatively much less than the amount of
energy which is wasted. As the energy sources are fast depleting, it is necessary for us to save
energy. At the community level following measures can be used:
Installation of photoelectric controls or timers should be used to make sure that
outdoor lighting is sufficient during the day. Open area or yard area lightings should
be switched off after sunrise and again switched on only after sun sets. Tube lights in
common area and staircase landings should be reduced and twin tube light should be
replaced by one tube light. Number of electrical lighting points could be reduced to
one point per room. All additional fittings may be removed permanently or switched
off.
Water pumps should be switched off during non-peak utility hours.
Elevators/lifts should be used for going up beyond three floors and for coming down
the usage of lifts may be reduced. Whenever two elevators/lifts are provided in a
building only single should be operated during "non-peak" hours. Do not allow
children to play with elevators.
Environmentally sustainable transport will promote more mileage less pollution by
GHC gases.
Conservation and sustainable use of water bodies, including watersheds, rivers
barriers and coastal zones will be helpful in the energy conservation at community
level.
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C. ENERGY CONSERVATION IN INDUSTRY AND OTHER
PLACES: -
Energy conservation is the practice of decreasing the quantity of energy used. It may
be achieved through efficient energy use, in which case energy use is decreased while
achieving a similar outcome, or by reduced consumption of energy services. At different
places such as factories, business centers, transportation sector and construction activities, it
can be saved in the following ways:
a. Auditing: -
Regular monitoring and audit of energy consumption results in energy conservation.
b. Process modification: -
Process modification means replacement of old and more energy consuming processes by the
new energy efficient processes. Old factories should now employ process modification.
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D. ENERGY CONSERVATION IN TRANSPORTATION SECTOR: -
Transportation includes all vehicles used for personal or freight transportation. Energy
used in this sector, approximately 65% is consumed by gasoline powered vehicles, primarily
personally owned. Diesel powered transport (trains, merchant ship, heavy trucks etc.)
consume about 20% and air traffic consumes most of the remaining 15%. Energy can be
conserved in transportation by the following ways:
Fuel economy maximizing behavior describes techniques that drivers can use to optimize
their automobile fuel economy. The energy in fuel consumed in driving is lost in many ways
including engine inefficiency, aerodynamic drag, rolling friction and kinetic energy lost due
to braking. They include following measures-
Moderate driving
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Driving at lower speeds
Dept Of Electrical Engineering
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Energy Conservation
Using cruise control (speed control or auto cruise controls speed and maintains steady
speed by the driver).
Turning off a vehicles engine at stops rather than idling;
A vehicles gas mileage decreases rapidly at highway speeds, normally above 55 miles
per hour (though the exact number varies by vehicle).
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E. ENERGY EFFICIENT DEVICES: -
Day by day we see that the demand of energy is increasing all over the world and as the
demand is increasing energy prices are also increasing. Therefore, it is very necessary to
develop energy efficient devices to save energy.
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Many energies efficient devices can be manufactured and many technologies can be
used for energy conservation. In many industries older and inefficient equipment has
been replaced by new and efficient ones.
Other energy efficient devices which can be used for energy conservation are
diamond hot plate, PRP bullock cart, tube light with electronic ballast device which
helps in reducing energy consumption by limiting amount of electric current in an
electric circuit.
Natural water cooler is a safe drinking water device which works on the principle of
"cooling by evaporation". No external source of energy such as electricity or ice is
required.
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G. DEVELOPMENT, DESIGN OF ENGINEERING POWER
PLANTS: -
Development, design and engineering of co-generation & captive
power plants Our engineering consultation services encompass Design
and Engineering of Co- generation & Captive Power Plants. These
services are executed with in the shortest frame of time and meet the
consultation requirements for:
Co-generation power plants for sugar mills, rice mills, maize processing
plants, industrial sector, etc.
Waste heat recovery from hot gases and liquids for generation of steam
for process use and power generation.
Captive power generation-generator sets with LSHS, LDO, Mini & Micro
Hydel power plants.
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H. ENERGY POLICY OF INDIA: -
SHORT TERM: -
Maximize returns from the existing assets
Reduce losses in transportation and in end use
Initiate action to reduce energy intensity of different consuming
sectors and promote
conservation through organizational and fiscal measures Initiate steps
to meet the basic energy need of rural and urban households so as to
reduce the existing inequities.
Maximize satisfaction of demand for energy from indigenous
resources.
MEDIUM TERM: -
Progressive steps to substitute petroleum products by coal, natural gas
and electricity
Action for accelerated development of all renewable energy resources
especially hydro potential
Promote programmed to achieve self-reliance in energy sector
Create appropriate organizational changes in consistent with the
overall energy strategy.
LONG TERM: -
Promote an energy supply system, largely based on renewable sources
of energy
Promote technologies of production, transportation and use of energy
that are environmentally benign and cost effective.
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I. ADVANTAGES: -
Energy conservation can result in increased financial environmental
quality, national security, personal security, and human comfort.
capital,
An Excellent opportunity for enhancing profit and improving
competitiveness.
Energy consumption is an essential element in development.
Global primary energy resources (mainly fossil fuels) are finite and
they will eventually be exhausted.
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6.0 Skill Developed/Learning out of this Micro-Project
1 We have learned to develop micro project in team.
3. We learned to apply different measures for profits and benefits of the company.
Conclusion:
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References:
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Teacher Evaluation Sheet
5 Quality of Prototype/Model
6 Report Preparation
(B) Individual Presentation / Viva (Convert above total marks out of 4 Marks)
7 Presentation
8 Defense
Micro-Project Evaluation Sheet
(A) Process and Product Assessment (B) Individual Presentation / Total Marks (10
(6 Marks) Viva (4 marks) Marks)
5 Quality of Prototype/Model
6 Report Preparation
(B) Individual Presentation / Viva (Convert above total marks out of 4 Marks)
7 Presentation
8 Defense
Micro-Project Evaluation Sheet
(A) Process and Product Assessment (B) Individual Presentation / Total Marks (10
(6 Marks) Viva (4 marks) Marks)
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Teacher Evaluation Sheet
5 Quality of Prototype/Model
6 Report Preparation
(B) Individual Presentation / Viva (Convert above total marks out of 4 Marks)
7 Presentation
8 Defense
Micro-Project Evaluation Sheet
(A) Process and Product Assessment (B) Individual Presentation / Total Marks (10
(6 Marks) Viva (4 marks) Marks)
29
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