> 7.1 Circumference and area of a circle Remember these formulae: Remember that: diameter = radius x 2 radius = diameter = 2 Exercise 7.1 Focus 1 Copy and complete the workings to work out the circumference of each circle. Use w= 3.14 a2 &7 Shapes and measurements > 2 Copy and complete the working to work out the circumference of this circle cm = 3.142. Round your answer correct Remember that to 2 decimal places (2 d.p.) the diameter is - twice the radi radius, r =4em 3 diameter,d = 2% 4=[_ cm sce me telus C=a%d=7*(_J=[__lem 3 Copy and complete the working to work out the perimeter of this semicircle. Use = 3.142. Round your answer correct to 2 decimal plaves (2 d. perimeter of semicircle = diameter + (circumference of the cirele = 2) Work out the circumference of the circle first: a - The perimeter of CHxxd=1X 12 a 7 Jon the semicircle is m the distance 12+ = em around the outside. This is the diameter plus half of the circumference of the circle circumference = perimeter = d complete the workings to work out the area of these circles. Use x= 3.14. a —_ b =) c NY em r=4em A=axXP=nxe x16 [Joma 5 Copy and complete the working to work out the area of this circle. Use. 3.142. Round your unswer correct to 2 decimal places (2 d-p.). diameter, d= 6m — radius, r = 6 = A=axrn=axL? =aXx = jem* s2 >7.1 Circumference and area of a circle & — Copy and complete the working to work out the arca of this semicircle. Use a= 3.142. Round your unswer correct to | decimal place (1 d.p.). area of semi area of cirel Work out the arca of the circle first A=7x P=a*/ aX The area of a cm? semicircle is half the area of a circle: urea of semicircle = ]+2=| om or. For the rest of the questions in this exercise, use the button on your calcula Practice 7 Work out the area of each circle: Round your answers correct to 3 a radi <¢ — diameter=28em SY 8 Diptiand Gabir work out the answer to this question Question — Work out the area of a circle with diameter 2.4m. This is what they write: Dip Gabir Answer Area = Tu? Answer Area = Tid 7 =2W = 5.76 d=24 Area = Tx 5.76 = 18.0955 Area = 1x 24 = 7.5398... Area = B.1an? GB sf) Area = 7.54 cm? (3 sf) @ Critique their solutions. Explain any mistakes they have made. b Write a full worked solution to show the correet way of answering the question.7 Shapes and measurements » 9 Forecach circle, work out i thearea Hi the circumference. Give your answers correct to one decimal place (1 dp.) 45mm a radius=2.7 em b diamete 10 Foreach semicircle, work out i thearea Hi the perimeter Give your answers correct to one decimal place (1 dp.) a radius=8.5 em bo radius= 24mm © diameter=32em d diameter=15m Y 11 The diagram shows a semicircle and a quarter cirele. sa A Sofia makes this conjecture: Fm | think the area of the semicircle is less than the area of the quartar ciclo. Is she correct? Show working to support your answer. qY 12. ‘The diagram shows a scmicirele and three-quarters ofa circle. Marcus makes this conjecture: \ think the perimeter of tho somicircla is less ‘than the perimeter of tho throo-quartor circle shape. Is Marcus correct? Show working to support your unswer.7.1 Circumference and area of a circle 13 Here are six question cards and six answer cards A Work out 4 when B Work out C when r=4.76 d= 13.28 ‘C=354T a Using estiniation, match cach question card with the correct answer card Do not use x calculator. D pe JIE Work out d when b Use a calculator to check you have matched the cards correctly. Challenge 14 15 16 V7 Ye A circular coin has circumference 8.7 em. Work out the radius of the coin Give your answer correct to the nearest millimetre. A circular floor has an area of 45.3 m?. Work out the diameter of the floor. Give your answer correct to the nearest centimetre A circular badge has a circumference of 18.5 em. Work out the area of the badge. Give your answer correct to the nearest square centimetre, You can write the area and circumference of a circle in terms of a as shown: Write the area and circumference of these circles in terms of 7. cm bs radius=7m c diameter = 20mm a radius = Circle A has diamcter 8 cm and circle B has diameter 16 om, A, arca = 1G@rem?and circumference = Sem, a Show that, for cire b Work out the ar ¢ — Copy and complete the table and circumference of circle B in terms of x.7 Shapes and measurements > d= What do you notice about the ratios of the radius and circumference of circles A and B? e What do you notice about the ratios of the radius and area of cireles A and B? f If the ratio of the radii of two circles is 1 : 3, what is the ratio of their icircumferences and ii areas? Explain how you worked out your answers. qY 19 The diagram shows u semicircle. Zara makes this conjecture: T think the perimater of the semicircle is 67+ 6cm: Is she correct? Show working to support your answer > 7.2 Areas of compound shapes Exercise 7.2 In this exercise when you need to use 7, Focus use the 7 button on your calculator. 1 Copy and complete the workings to work out the arva of exch shape. Give your answer to part e correct to two decimal places (2 4p.) a b co : fom f \ i, “Ton” t 6cm = A rea = Area = buse x height 1 5 use X height = 6x4 2 = {Jem* V xox7.2 Areas of compound shapes 2 ‘These compound shapes are made from the shapes in Question 1 Use your answers to Question 1 to find the area of each compound shape. é a \ é 4om | am = semiicirele + Area = rectangle + triangle semicirele Sy =-L]+L J =[__lem = a 3 Copy and comple compound shape. Give youranswers to parts eand d correct to two decimal places (2 d.p.) a b i. 6mm A {| B '%en i Bo |} * Sm Fama Area A=/x w=8x = aA =1X w= x| = Area B= 1X w= 12 a B=4xbxh=Lxox 5 Total area =[___]+ = jem? Total area J+[ ]|mm? c y d i Bg 3em} 7 Tem Ara A=/x w= }x[ =| Area triangle Lepxh7 Shapes and measurements > 4 a This compound shape is made from Sem two rectangles, A and B. Work out the missing lengths. ss b Copy and complete the workings to work out the area of the 7 , compound shape. 8 em ‘base X height Area A ase X height Area B =3xD] =5x =Lem =[les Total area = Area A + Area B=[_)+[_]= 5 Foreuch of these compound shapes, work out i the missing lengths i thearea of the shape. Jem? z Sem Bem Practice & — Work out the ares of euch compound shape Give your answer to part b correct to two decimal places (2 4p.) tocm b Teen7.2 Areas of compound shapes For each of these compound shapes, work out i an estimate of the area of the shape Remember: to ii the urea of the shape correct to one decimal place (1 d.p.). figure © ‘ ai, [+ 42mm), a Ld This is part of Sch’s homework. Question A compound shape is made GC a of two semicircles and a Ke i) rectangle. The rectangle has a side length of 10 cm and a height of 11 cm as shown. Work out the area of the shape correct to 3 sif Area of rectangle = 10 x 11 = 110 The two semicircles make one circle, so area of arde = To? = 1% x 1? = 380.1327... Total area = 110 + 380 = 490 cm? (3 sf.) Is Seb’s method correct? Explain your answer, Show your working. ‘Chatsi works out the area of this compound shape to be Bem* 2st. Is Chatri correct? Explain your answer. Show all your working. work out an a %lon37em 2lem b @& i; estimate, round {+ 585m all the numbers ' to one significant7. Shapes and measurements >» 410 Work out the area of each shaded shape. Give your answers to parts b and ¢ correct to two decimal places (2 4.p.), a b “al 2 c £ a 36 0 11 Thedugrenshowaramngirpion orpany wince — CRIM Gres eatout | 5566 The diameter of each circle is 8 em : ‘What is the area of the pastry that is correct to three signi 1 12. Arun draws these two shapes. In shape A, the side length of the square is the diameter of the circle V Give your answer nt figures (3.0). In shape B, the diagonal of the square is the diameter of the eirel Arun makes this conjecture: I think the shaded area in shape Ais greater than the shaded ‘area in shape B. What do you think? Explain your answer. show your working. qY 413. The diagram shows a circle inside a rectangle. The height of the rectangle is the diameter of the circle. The length of the rectangle is three times the height of the rectangle. os a Show that when the radius of the circle is 2em, you can write the shaded area as 4(12—m)cm? b Work out an expression for the shaded area when the radius is i tem fi 3em iii Sem iv 10cm © — What do you notice about your answers to parts a.and b? Write a general expression, using algebra, for the shaded area when the radius is r. et ad7.2 Areas of compound shapes 414. ‘The diagram shows an athletics track. The radius of the inner =~ semicircle it cach gd is 36.8 m The length of the straight Bae ess section is 84.39 m. a Work out the length of the inmer perimeter of the track Inner perimeter Give your answer correct to the nearest metre. b Work out the total area éndlosed by the inner | perimeter (shown in Whi Gi © The width of cach Lane is 1.22 m. There are Outer perimeter your answer correct to the nearest square metre. yht lanes, Work out the radius of the outer semicircle at each end of the track. Work out the length of the outer perimeter of the track Give your answer correct to the nearest metre @ — Work out the total area enclosed by the outer perimeter (white area plus track). Give your answer correct to the nearest square metre. # Work out the area of the actual track, Give your answer correct to the nearest square metre. 45. The diagram shows a shapes stem Jan | ie /*® Remember: Sem The formula for the area of a trapezium is: dom area = }(a+b) xh / sem The formula for the area of a parallelogram is: am area = base « perpendicular height 1San The stencil is made from a square of plastic, with the four shapes cut out. The shaded area is 126 em”, Whit is the height, h, of the triangle?7. Shapes and measurements ys > 7.3 Large and small units This table shows some of the prefixes you can use when you measure very large or very small lengths, capacities and masses. = refix Prefix | Letter_ [Multiply by Multiply by | jaca tera, T 1000000000000 108 ziga G__[ 000000000 10? mega M__ [1000000 10% kilo [1000 10° ecto [100 10° enti efor 107 mil m [0001 107 micro [0.000007 10 nano n .000000001 10? Exercise 7.3 Focus 1 Copy and complete these conversions. The first one has been done for you a Thectometre = 100 metres Use the table of 4 prefixes in the b tkilogram=|__| grams introduction, c. Trsageommes| —_|emes ds | gigalitre= litres 2 Copy and complete these conversions. The first one has been done for you. a Teentimetre =0.01 metres. ORT metre = 100 centimetres b grams OR I gram=[__| milligrams c litres OR litre=[___ microlitres d= inanometre=[— | metres OR I metre=[__]nanometres 3 a Write these capacities in order of size, starting with the smallest. | 3 litres 3 teralitres | | 3 millilitres | | 3 nanolitres b Underneath each of the capacities in part a, write the capacity using ‘only the correct letters for the units, not words. For example, underneath 3 centilitres, write 3 ch7.3 Large and small units 4a Write these masses in order af size, starting with the smallest, b Underneath cach of the masses in part a, write the mass using only the correct letters for the units, not words. For example, underneath 9 gigagrams, write 9 Gg. Practice 5 Copy and complete these descriptions. Use all the words and letters in the box. a A millimetre is a very small measure of ......... Itis represented by the letters ... I millimetre = 0. 001 ............ Which is the same as Imm =1x 107). ‘You can also say that there are millimetres in a metre or that 1 millimetre is —.......... of a metre, b A microgram isa very small measure of .. . Ib is represented by the letters: 1 microgram = 0.000 001_........... which is the same as Tpg = 1 10 ‘You can also say that there are ............ micrograms in a gram or that I microgram is . of a gram, 6 Copy and complete these descriptions. Use all the words, letters and numbers in the box. a Akilometreis a very... letters: .. measure of length, It is represented by the L kilometre = 1000 ............ which is the same as km = 1% 1041 metres. You can also say that there are .... _. metres ina kilometre or that | metre is ... of a kilometre.7 Shapes and measurements x b A megatonne is « very large measure of .......... . Iti represented by the fetter eee Tce. = 1000 000 tonnes which is thesameas | Mt= 1x 101 You can also say that there are one million ..........in'a megatonne or that I tonne is........... of a megatonne. 7 Copy and complete the a 172kmtom > 1 km=1000m, Use the table of so 17.2km = 17.2 1000 = m prefixes in the b O9hLtoL = IhL=100L,s00.9hL =0.9 x 100 = L introduction. c 1SGgwe > 1Gg le. sol.SGg=1h5x 7 ie 8 Copy and complete the a 760cmtom = 100cm=1 m,s0760em= 760=100=[__|m b 43000 mL.toL— 1000 mb. =1 L.,s043. 000 mL.= 43000 1000=[___ JL. © 900000ngt02 + [__Jne=te, so 900000p2=900000=[ J=[__ Je 9 ‘The table shows the approximate distances from the Sun to some planets. conversions, Copy and complete the tule. Venus 47900000m Earth 108000 000m Mm Jupiter 228000 000m Gm Uranus 1.400000000m 2.900000000m Gm Neptune 10 Cards A to E show the approximate length, in metres, of some very small objects. A Datmie][B Bactedum |[€ View D Animale |[E Phanteal 0.0002 m- 0,000 002m. 0.000000 1 m 0.00002 m_ 0.000 1m | Cardsi to v show the lengths of the objects measured in millimetres, micrometres ornnometres. i mm | ti 20um | fiti 200um | fiv 1004m | |v 2um h card A to E with the correct eard i to ¥.7.3 Large and small units Challenge 11 A watt (W) is a measure of electrical power. Marcus finds out that a power station neur his house produced 630 megawatts of electricity last year. Marcus makes, this conjecture: 1 think that one megawatt is the same as one hundred kilowatts, so 1 MW = 100 kW_ Is Marcus conjecture correct? Show working to support your decision. b Copy und complete this conversion: e0MWw=|_ |kw= |w 12. ‘The letters ly ure used to represent a light year. lly ©9.46x 105m The table shows the approximate distance, in light years, of four stars from the Earth. Copy and complete the table. Round your answers correct to three significant figures. The first one has been done for you. Name of star Distance inly | Distance in m Wolf 359 7.78 7.36 * 10" Ross 154 9.68 YZ Ceti 1213 Gliese 332 16.087 Shapes and measurements > qY 13 a ‘These cards show different computer file sizes. Write the file sizes in order, starting with the smallest A_©smp](B eK |[¢ 6378 |[D KB |[E Lace b The table shows the number of photos, of different sizes, that can be stored ona 1 GB memory card. 12] is] 18] 24] 30] 48] eo Tis | 572 | 476 | 357 | 286 | 178 | 130 i Alun takes photos of size4.8 MB. Show that he can store 2848 photos on a 16 GB memory card. ii How many more photos of size 1.5 MB can be stored ona 64 GB memory card than photos of size 6.6 MB? Erin takes photos of size 3.6 MB. Approximately how many photos can she store on a 1 GB memory curd? Explain how you worked out your answer. iv Suc has « 32 GB memory card. She wants to store about 13000 photos on the memory card. Whitt photo size do you suggest Sue uses? Justify your answer. Show all your working, 14 A supertanker has & mass of 0.5095 Mt when full and a mass of 0.0676 Mt when empty. A supertanker When the supertanker is full, it holds 3 166 353 barrels of oil. Baste carries oil from Work out the mass, in kilograms, of one barrel of oil. Give your one eounty to answer {o the nearest whole number. anather country.