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EXP4

The document outlines an experiment aimed at studying and verifying the conversion of Binary-Coded Decimal (BCD) to Excess-3 code, including the necessary apparatus and theoretical background. It details the properties and applications of Excess-3 code, provides a truth table for conversion, and describes the procedure for conducting the experiment. The results indicate that the circuit successfully converts each 4-bit BCD input to its corresponding 4-bit Excess-3 output.

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suryansh nahata
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7 views3 pages

EXP4

The document outlines an experiment aimed at studying and verifying the conversion of Binary-Coded Decimal (BCD) to Excess-3 code, including the necessary apparatus and theoretical background. It details the properties and applications of Excess-3 code, provides a truth table for conversion, and describes the procedure for conducting the experiment. The results indicate that the circuit successfully converts each 4-bit BCD input to its corresponding 4-bit Excess-3 output.

Uploaded by

suryansh nahata
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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23104096 January 30, 2025

Experiment No 4
Aim: Studying and verifying BCD to Excess-3 code conversion circuit and prove its Truth
Table.
Apparatus Required: Scientech 2611DS Digital Workstation, Logic Trainer Kit,
Logic Gates, LED Indicators, Connecting Wires.
Theory:
1. BCD to Excess-3 Code Conversion
Binary-Coded Decimal (BCD) is a method of representing decimal numbers (0-9) in a 4-
bit binary format. The Excess-3 (XS-3) code is a non-weighted code obtained by adding 3
(0011) to the corresponding BCD number.
Binary-Coded Decimal (BCD) is a binary representation of decimal numbers where each
digit is represented using 4-bit binary. Excess-3 code is a self-complementary, non-
weighted code used in digital electronics, primarily for error detection and simplification
of certain arithmetic operations.
Excess-3 code is derived from BCD by adding 3 (0011 in binary) to each BCD digit.
For example,
 BCD of 5 = 0101
 Adding 3 (0011) = 1000 (Excess-3 code)

Decimal BCD Excess-3 (BCD + 3)


0 0000 0011
1 0001 0100
2 0010 0101
3 0011 0110
4 0100 0111
5 0101 1000
6 0110 1001
7 0111 1010
8 1000 1011
9 1001 1100

2. Properties of Excess-3 Code


 The 1’s complement of an Excess-3 code gives the 9’s complement of the original
decimal number. This property is useful in subtraction operations.
 Unlike BCD (which follows the 8421 weight system), Excess-3 does not have fixed
weights.
 Excess-3 helps in error detection, as invalid states (e.g., 0000, 0001, etc.) are easy to
recognize.

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23104096 January 30, 2025

3. Applications of Excess-3 Code


 Used in Digital Arithmetic Circuits.
 Error Detection in Digital Systems.
 Used in Calculators and Digital Clocks.
 Data Encryption and Secure Digital Communication.

4. Truth table

Decimal B3 B2 B1 B0 E3 E2 E1 E0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
3 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0
4 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
5 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0
6 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
7 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
8 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1
9 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0

5. Conversion Logic
The conversion can be performed using combinational logic circuits. The logic
expressions for the Excess-3 bits (E3, E2, E1, E0) in terms of BCD bits (B3, B2, B1, B0)
are:
 E0 = B0' (Complement of B0)
 E1 = B0.B1 + (B0 + B1)'
 E2 = B2' (B0 + B1) + B2 (B0 + B1)'
 E3 = B3 + B2 (B0 + B1)
These equations ensure that each BCD digit is correctly converted into the corresponding
Excess-3 code.

Procedure:
1. Connect +5V and ground to the DB07 experimental board from an external DC power
source or from the Digital Lab Scientech 2611.
2. Connect input B0, B1, B2, B3 as per Truth Table 2 to represent the BCD digits (0000
to 1001 for decimal 0 to 9).
3. Turn on the power supply to the circuit.
4. Measure the outputs E0, E1, E2, E3 on a multimeter or observe them on the LED
display of Digital Lab Scientech 2611.
5. Compare the observed outputs with the expected Excess-3 values from the truth table.
6. Repeat the process for all possible BCD inputs (0000 to 1001).

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23104096 January 30, 2025

Observation:

Result: The circuit correctly converted each 4-bit BCD input into its corresponding 4-bit
Excess-3 output as per Truth Table 2

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