AL MAJD INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

SCIENCE WORK SHEET – 1 [ ANSWER KEY )

Name: _____________________________ Class/Sec: V: _____

Unit 2: Material properties and changes
_____________________________________________________________
Q1) Look at the table of properties of some substances.

melting point in boiling point in oC electrical

substance o
C conductivity
bromine −7 58 low
copper 1085 2562 high
iron 1540 2862 high
mercury −39 357 high
oxygen −218 −183 low
silver 961 2162 high

(a) Which change of state happens to oxygen when it boils?

liquid to gas

(b) What is the meaning of the words boiling point?

Temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas

(c) Melting point, boiling point and electrical conductivity are all properties of a
substance. Write down one other property of a substance.

thermal conductivity / colour / solubility/ mass / density

(d) Room temperature is 25 °C.

Bromine is a liquid at room temperature. Complete the sentence to explain why.

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Bromine has a melting point lower than room temperature and a boiling point
greater than room temperature.

Q2) Yuri investigates how many sugar cubes dissolve in different temperatures of
water.
In his first experiment Yuri:

• pours 100 cm3 of water into a glass beaker

• measures the temperature of the water
• keeps adding sugar cubes to the water until no more sugar dissolves
• records the number of sugar cubes that dissolve.

He repeats the experiment four more times.

Each time he uses water at a different temperature.

(a) Write down a prediction for this investigation.

Use your knowledge and understanding of particles to explain your

prediction.

More sugar cubes will dissolve at higher temperature

Explanation

because the particles have more energy / particles are moving faster /

more collisions with sugar cubes

(b) Name a piece of equipment used to accurately measure 100 cm3 of water.

Measuring Cylinder

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(c) Name a piece of equipment used to measure the temperature of water.

Thermometer

(d) Explain why Yuri uses 100 cm3 of water in each experiment.

For a fair test. Or volume of water is a control variable.

(e) Write down the dependent variable in this investigation.

Number of sugar cubes dissolved or amount of sugar dissolved.

Q3) Safia mixes solids with water and observes what happens.

solid observations when solid and water are mixed

A mixture bubbles and gets warm

B mixture does not change colour and stays the same temperature

C the solid dissolves and the mixture gets colder

D mixture remains green

E mixture turns colourless and gets warmer

(a) Which solids have a chemical reaction with water?

A, C & E

(b) Magnesium is added to dilute hydrochloric acid. This makes bubbles of

hydrogen and a colourless solution of magnesium chloride. Write down the
name of one of the products of this reaction.

Magnesium chloride or hydrogen

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(c) Burning wood is a chemical reaction.

Suggest one piece of evidence that shows burning wood is a chemical

reaction.

Colour change or releases heat

Q4) Changes of state are physical changes.

(a) Complete the sentence to explain why melting is a physical change.

Melting is a reversible process because the liquid formed can be changed into
a solid by cooling / freezing

b) Describe one similarity between boiling and evaporation.

both involve liquid changing into a gas or vapour.

(c) Describe two differences between boiling and evaporation.

evaporation takes place at all boiling only happens at the boiling

temperatures point

evaporation takes place at the boiling takes place everywhere within

surface of the liquid the liquid

Q5) Carlos adds salt to cold water. It takes one hour for the salt to dissolve to make
a salt solution.

(a) Describe how Carlos could dissolve the salt faster.

use hot water / stir the mixture

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(b) Salt solution contains salt particles and water particles. Tick (√) the boxes next to
the two correct statements about salt solution.
salt particles are not moving

water particles surround salt particles ✓

water particles are moving ✓
salt particles are arranged in a regular pattern

Q6) Mia investigates what happens when different colourless solutions are mixed
with a colourless dilute acid.

In her first experiment she:

• measures the temperature of the acid in a glass beaker
• adds a small volume of a colourless solution
• measures the temperature of the mixture in the glass beaker
• records any other observations.
Mia repeats the experiment five more times with different colourless solutions.

Look at the results of her investigation.

temperature temperature
colourless
of acid at start after mixing observations
solution
in °C in °C
A 20 20 bubbles in a colourless solution
B 20 32 bubbles in a colourless solution
C 20 14 colourless solution
D 20 20 white solid
E 20 20 colourless solution
F 20 28 green solution

(a) Which colourless solution gives the greatest temperature change?

B
(b) Which colourless solution does not react with the acid?

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Give two reasons for your answer.

reason 1: the temperature stays the same / there is no temperature change

reason 2: there are no gas bubbles

Q7) Carlos investigates the time it takes salt to dissolve in water.

In his first experiment Carlos:

• pours 100 cm3 of water into a glass beaker

• measures the temperature of the water
• adds 5 g of salt to the water
• stirs the mixture
• records the time taken for the salt to dissolve.

Carlos repeats the experiment using different temperatures of water.

Look at the results of his investigation.

temperature of water in °C time taken for salt to
dissolve in seconds
20 120
30 60
40 31
50 14
60 7

(a) Describe the pattern in these results.

As temperature increases the time gets less

(b) Use the particle model to explain this pattern.

As temperature increases the (water) particles move faster

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(c) Circle the best way to present these results.

bar chart
line graph
pie chart
scatter graph

(d) Carlos decides to do more experiments.

He repeats each temperature once more.

Explain why this is a good idea.

Repeating increase reliability OR can check the results

(e) Suggest why Carlos does not do any experiments with a temperature higher
than 60 °C.

The salt dissolves too fast OR the time taken is too short

Q8) Boiling and evaporation of water involves a change of state.

(a) Which change of state happens during both boiling and evaporation of water?

liquid to gas

(b) Explain why the evaporation of water is a physical change.

can be reversed (by cooling) OR can be reversed (by

condensation)

Q9) Mike mixes solid sodium hydrogen carbonate and dilute citric acid.
The mixture fizzes and forms a solution. Carbon dioxide, water and sodium
citrate are made.

a) Write down two reasons why mixing solid sodium hydrogen carbonate and
citric acid is a chemical change.

1) gas is made / fizzes

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2) carbon dioxide is made new substances are made

b) One of the properties of carbon dioxide gas is that it does not burn.

Write down one other property of carbon dioxide gas.

has a mass / (low) melting point / (low) boiling point

Q10) Priya adds salt to water. She stirs the mixture of salt and water to dissolve
the salt.

(a) Solid salt particles do not move and are close together. Water particles move
and are close together.

Describe what happens to water particles and salt particles when the salt
dissolves.
Water (particles) surround the salt (particles) & salt (particles) spread out

salt (particles and water particles) move around

(b) Explain why dissolving salt in water is a physical change.

can be reversed by evaporating off the water

Q11) a) Name one dependent variable

Ans) mass of liquid OR time taken

b) Draw more circles/particles leaving liquid A than liquid B

c) shows particles are involved in evaporation

shows evaporation happens at the surface of a liquid

shows particles change from being a liquid to a gas (state)

particles cannot be seen

helps Safia describe the process of evaporation

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