ALL CHAPTERS IMP QUESTIONS ** Work, Energy and Power ** re State and prove law of conservation of energy in case of freely falling body. 2. Develop the notions of work and kinetic energy and show that it leads to work-energy theorem? 3. What are collisions? Explain the possible types of collisions ? Develop the theory of one dimensional elastic collision? Problems ‘a, Amachine gun fires 360 bullets per minute and each bullet travels witha velocity of 600 ms~!. If the mass of each bullet is 5 gm, find the power of the machine gun? b. A pump is required to lift 600 kg of water per minute from a well 25 m deep and to eject it with a speed of $0 ms~!, Calculate the power required to perform the above task? cc. Find the useful power used in pumping 3425 m° of water per hour from a well 8 m deep to the surface, supposing 40 % of the horse power during pumping is wasted. What is the horse power of the engine ? 4. Abody freely falling from a certain height ‘h’ After striking a smooth floor rebounds and rises toa height h/2, What isthe coefficient of restitution between the floor and the body ? ¢. State the relation between the kinetic energy and momentum of a body ? : £. A ball falls from a height of 10 m on to a hard horizontal floor and repeatedly bounces. If the coefficient of restitution is 1/-V2 . What is the total distance travelled by the ball before it ceases to rebound ? g. A ball falls freely from a height 1 m to the coefficient of restitution. ** Oscillations ** ple pendulum issrnple harmonic and hence derive an equation for its ground and rebounds to a height of 0.8 m. Find the 4, Show that the motion of a simy time period. What is seconds pendulum? \ 5, Define simple harmonic motion, Show tha the mation of projection of particle performing uniform circular motion, on any diameter, is simple harmonic. : Problems a. On an average a human bi pio CTD | cart is found to beat 75 times in a minute, Calculate its frequency andb. What is the length ofa simple pendulum, which ticks seconds? ‘A mass of 2 kg attached to a spring of force constant 260 Nm*' makes 100 oscillations. What is the time taken ? A simple harmonic oscillator has a time period of 2 s. What will be the change in the phase 0.25 s after leaving the mean position ? Calculate the change in the length of a simple pendulum of length | m, when its period of oscillation changes from 2s to 1.58? f. The mass and radius of a planet are double that of the earth. If the time period of a simple pendulum on the earth is T, find the time period on the planet ? g. What happens to the energy of a simple harmonic oscillator if its amplitude is doubled? ** Thermodynamics ** 6. Explain reversible and irreversible process. Describe the working of Camot engine. Obtain an 2 a ° expression for the efficiency? | 7. State second law of thermodynamics. How is heat engine different from a refrigerator? Problems a. A refrigerator is to maintain eatables kept inside at 9° C. Ifroom temperature is 36° C, calculate the coefficient of performance. b. Find the efficiency of a heat engine if the temperature of the source is 100°C and sink is 27°C. c. Find the extemal work done by the system in kcal, when 20 kal of heat is supplied to the system the increase in its internal energy is 8400 J. (I= 4200 J/K cal) LYS mY eae) ** Motion in a Straight Line ** Acar travels first third distance with a speed of 10 km/hr, the second third at 20 knV/hr and the last third at 60 km/hr. What is the mean speed over the entire distance? A ball is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of 20 ms~! from the top of a: multistorey building. ‘The height of the point from where the ball is thrown in 25.0 m from the ground, (a) How high will the ball rise? (b) How long will it before the ball hits the ‘ground. Re Take g = 10ms~ [Actual value of ‘g’ is 9.8 ms~2} 3, A man runs across the roof of a tall building and jumps horizontally on to the roof of an adjacent building, I's speed is 9 m/sec and the horizontal distance between buildings is 10 m and the height difference between roofs is 9 m will he able to land on the next building? ( g = 10ms-?) Phin) &4. A ballet moving with a speed of 150 m/sec strikes a tree and penetrates 3.5 em before stoppin ‘What is the magnitude of its retardation in the tree and the time taken for it to stop after striking the tree. . Two balls are projected from the same point in direction 30° and 60° with respect tothe horizontal ‘What isthe ratio of their initial velocities if they (@) attain the same height? —_(b) have the same range? 6. A car moving along a straight high way with speed of 126 km/h i brought 1 a top with ina distance of 200 m. What is the retardation of the car (assumed uniform) and how long, does i take forthe car to stop? ‘A man walks on a straight road from his home to market 2.5 km away with a speed of 5 km/h. Finding the market closed, he instantly turns and walks back home with a speed of 7.5 km/h. What is the magnitude of average velocity and average speed of man over the time interval 0 to 50 min? 2 “Two balls are projected from the same point indirection 30° and 60° with respect to the horizontal. What is the ratio of their initial velocities if they (a) attain the same height? (b) have the same range? ** Motion in a Plane ** State Parallelogram law of vectors. Derive an expression for the magnitude and direction of the resultant vector. ¥ 10. Show that the trajectory of an object throw at certain angle a the horizontal is a parabola? OF usin 26 28 - 2 11. Show that maximum height and range of projectile.are~ respectively when the terms have their regular meaning. 12. Show that for a projectile launched at an angle 45°, the maximum height of the projectile is one quarter of the range? 28 1B, Explain the terms average velocity and instantaneous velocity. When are they equal ? 14, Show that boat must move at an angle of 90° with respect to river water inorder to cross the river ina minimum time? 15, Define unit vector, null vector and position vector Problems 4. A force 2i+}-& newton acts on a body which is initially at rest. At the end of 20 seconds , the velocity ofthe body is 4i-+2)- 2K ms“, What is the mass of the body ? If 9's the angle of projection, Rthe range, h the maximum height, theme of ight ten show that 2 a) tan =4b/R and byh=eI7/8 f. Oisa point on the ground chosen as origin. A body first suffers a displacement of 10 J2 m North ~ East, next 10 m North and finally 10/2 m in North - West. How far it is from the origin ? fg. Wind is blowing from the south at 5 ms 1. -To a cyclist it appears to be blowing from the east at 5 of the cyclist is 5 /2 ms”! towards north - east? ms~!, Show that the velocity Ge. Physics) eee20. 21. 2s 24. 25. s = mm © #£eaaeD) . Mention the methods used to decrease the friction? . Two uniform circular discs, each of mass 1 kg and radius 20 cm, are kept in contact about the A person walking at 4 m/s finds rain drops falling slantwise in to his face with a speed of 4 m/s at an angle of 30° with the vertical. Show that the actual speed of the rain drops is 4 m/s. ** Laws of Motion ** Explain advantages and disadvantages of friction? State Newton's Second law of motion. Hence derive the equation of motion F = ma. Define the terms momentum and impulse. State and explain the law ‘of conservation of momentum, Give examples. Why are shock absorbers used in motor cycles and cars ? State the law’s of rolling friction ? Problems ‘A batsman hits back a ball straight in the direction of the bowler without changing its initial speed of 12 ms~!. If the mass of the ball is 0.15 kg, determine the impulse imparted to the ball. (Assume linear motion of the ball) Calculate the time needed for a net force of 5 N to change the velocity of a 10 kg mass by 2 m/s? ‘A constant force acting on a body of mass 3.0 kg changes its speed from 2.0 ms“! to 3.5 ms~' in 25 s. The direction of motion of the body remains unchanged. What is the magnitude and direction | of the force ? + icles ** | Distinguish between centre of mass and centre of gravity? Define vector product. Explain the properties of a vector product with two examples. Define angular velocity («). Derive v= ra? Define angular acceleration and torque. Establish the relation between angular acceleration and torque ? State and prove the principle of conservation of angular momentum Problems \ Find the torque of a force 71 +3}—5k about the origin. The force acts on a particle whose position vector is i-j+k 2 Sk) & b=(21+5-36? Find the centre of mass of three particles atthe vertices of an equilateral triangle, the masses of te particles are 100 g, 150 g and 200 g respectively. Each side of the equilateral triangle is 0.5 m long? ‘What is the moment of inertia of a rod of mass M, length ‘” about an axis perpendicular to it and passing through one end ? Find the scalar and vector products of two vectors, 7 = (3i tangent passing through the point of contact. Find the moment of inertia of the system about the passing through the point of contact ?27. 28. 29. 30, 31. 32. 33. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. > s = 40. 4. ara aT | . If work done by an agent to form a bubble of radius R is W, then how much energy is required to What is orbital velocity ? Obtain an expression for it. What is escape velocity ? Obtain an expression for it? What is a geostationary satellite ? State its uses. State Keplers laws of planetary motion ? Derive the relation between acceleration due to gravity (g) atthe surface of a planet and gravitational constant (G). ** MLP of Solids ** Describe the behaviour of a wire under gradually increasing load? Define stress and explain the types of stress? Define strain energy and derive the equation for the same? (or) Explain the concept of elastic potential energy in a stretched wire and hence obtain the expression forit? Define strain and explain the types of strain. Define Young’s modulus, Bulk modulus and Shear Modulus ? Explain dynamic lift with example. What is Reynold’s Number ? What is its significance ? Explain surface tension and surface energy. Problems : ‘The density of the atmosphere at sea level is 1.29 kg/m*. Assume that it does not change with altitude. Then how high would the atmosphere extend ? If the diameter of a soap bubble is 10 mm and its surface tension is 0.04Nm- "find the excess pressure inside the bubble. increase its radius to 2R Iftwo soap bubbles of radi R, and R, in vacuum coalesce under isothermal conditions, what is the sion of soap solution. + radius of the new bubble. Take T as the surface tens ee In what way isthe anamolous behaviour of water advantages to aquatic animals? Explain conduction, convection and radiation with examples?42. Explain celsius and Fahrenheit scales of temperature. Obtain the relation between celsius and Fahrenheit scales of temperature ? 4 8 . Pendulum clocks generally go fast in winter and slow in summer. Why ? 44, Write a short note on triple point of water ? Problems ‘What is the temperature for which the readings on Kelvin and Fahrenheit scales '% (for aluminium are same ? Find the increase in temperature of aluminium rod ifits length isto be: increased by 1 a= 25x10°6/9 C). Ifthe maximum intensity of radiation for a black body is found at 2.65 mm. Find the temperature of s the radiating body. ** Kinetic Theory ** | 43. How specific heat capacity of mono atomic, diatomic and poly atomic gases can be explained on | the basis of Law of equipartition of Energy? | 46. Explain the kinetic interpretation of Temperature. MOST IMP 2 MARKS ** Physical World ** 1. What is physics?. 2. What is the discovery of C.V Raman? 3. What are the fundamental forces in nature? 4, What is the contribution of S. Chandra Sekhar to physics? | 5, What is beta (B) decay ? Which force is a function of it ? ** Units and Measurements ** 6. Distinguish between accuracy and precision? 7, How can systematic errors be minimized or eliminated? 8. Distinguish between fundamental units and derived units? 9. 0. 1 ). What are significant figures and what do they represent when reporting the result of a measurement? What is dimensional analysis ? How many orders of magnitude greater is the radius of the atom as compared to that of the 10. H. nucleus? 12. Express unified atomic mass unit in kg ? Problems a. The error in measurement of radius of a sphere is 1 %. What is the error in the measurement of volume? —e Gs (Ten. Questions Lit) |7 . The i e Percentage error in the mass and speed are 2% and 3 % respectively, What is the maximum crror in kinetic energy calculated using these quantities? ©. The velocity of a body is given by v= of A, Band C? 1 + BL+C. Ifv and t are expressed in SI what are the units = ‘The resistance R = v/l where V=(100 +5) V and I= (10 + 0.2) A. Find the percentage error in R. cry aT A : 13. The states of Motion and rest are relative ? Explain? 14, How is average velocity different from instantaneous velocity? 15. Give an Example where the velocity of an object is “zero”, But its acceleration is not zero? 16. A vehicle travels towards half the distance “L” with speed “ V,” and the other half with the speed “V1”. What is average speed? ** Motion in a Plane ** +], what is the angle between the vector A and x - axis? 1K 18. When two right angled vectors of magnitude 7 units and 24units combine, what is the magnitude of | their resultant? J 19. If P=2i+4j+14k and Q=4i+4j+10k find the magnitude of B+ ? 20. it |a+b|=|a-6] prove that the angle between a and 6 is 90°? 21. What is the acceleration of a projectile atthe top of its trajectory ? | 22. The vertical component of a vector is equal to horizontal component. What isthe angle made by the vector with X - axis ? 23. Two forces of magnitude 3 units and 5 units act at 60° with each other. What is the magnitude of their resultant ? 24, Can a vector of magnitude zero have a nonzero components ? ** Laws of Motion ** 25. What is inertia? What gives the measure of the inertia? 26. Ifa bomb at rest explodes into two pieces the pieces must travel in opposite directions Explain? 27. Can the coefficient of friction be greater than one? 28. Why does the car witha flattened tyres stop sooner than the one with ar filled tyres? 29. Ahorse has to pull harder during the start of the motion than later. Explain? 30, What happens to the coefficient of friction if weight of the body is doubled? 31. When a bullet is fired from a gun, the gun gives a kick in backward direction. Explain,Problems a. Abatsman hits back a ball straight inthe direction of the bowler without changing its initial speed of 12 ms“! Ifthe mass of the ball is 0.15 kg, determine the impulse imparted to the ball. (Assume linear motion of the ball) b. The linear momentum of a particle as a function of time tis given by and b are positive constants, What is the force acting on the particle ? . Calculate the time needed for a net force of 5 N to change the velocity of a 10 kg mass by 2 m/s? ** System of Particles ** 32. Why are spokes provided in a bicycle wheel ? 33. We cannot open or close the door by applying force at the hinges. Why? 34, By spinning eggs on a table top, how will you distinguish a hard boiled egg from a raw egg? p=a+ bt, where 35. Why is it easier to balance a bicycle in motion? 36. Why do we prefer a spanner of longer arm as compared to the spanner of shorter arm ? 37. Why should a helicopter necessarily have two propellers ? Problems a, Find the torque of a force 7} +3}-Sk about the origin. The force acts on a particle whose position vector is i-j+k ? b. Find the scalar and vector products of two vectors, 7 =(31-4}+5k) & b=(-2i + j-3k)? 38, What is the principle behind the carburetor of an automobile? 39. What is magnus effect? 40. Give the expression for the excess pressure in a liquid drop. 41. Give the expression for the excess pressure in the soap bubble in air. 42. What is the angle of contact. What are the values of pure water and mercury? 4B. 44. Define Viscosity. What are its units and dimensions ? 45, What are water proofing agents and water wetting agents ? What do they do ? 46, Mention any two examples that obey Bernoullis theorem and justify them? Problems If the diameter of a soap bubble is 10 mm and its surface tension is 0.04Nm-!, find the excess pressure inside the bubble. 47. Distinguish between heat and temperature? 48. Why gaps are left between rails on a railway track? ase Define average pressure. Mention it’s unit and dimensional formula. Is it a scalar or a vector ?). What is latent heat of vapourisation? ). Why utensils are coated black ? ‘Why the bottom of the utensils are made of copper? Ventilators are provided in rooms just below the roof, Why? . State Newton’s law of cooling? State the conditions under which Newton's law of cooling is applicable? The roof of buildings are often painted white during summer, Why? - What are the lower and upper fixed points in celsius and Fahrenheit scales?” 56. Can a substance contract on heating ? give an example. |. State Weins displacement law ? 58. What is specific gas constant ? Is it same forall gases ? ** Thermodynamics ** 59. Define Calorie. What is the relation between calorie and mechanical equivalent of heat? 60. Define specific heat capacity of the substance. On what factors does it depend ? . Why a heat engine with 100 % efficiency can never be realised in practice ? 62. Can a room be cooled by leaving the door of an electric refrigerator open ? 63. A sound wave is sent into a gas pipe. Does its internal energy change ? ** Kinetic Theory ** 64, Define mean free path. 65. When does a real gas behave like an ideal gas? 66. State Boyle’s law and Charles law. 67. State Dalton’s law of partial pressures. es What is expression between pressure and kinetic energy of a gas molecule? Problems the gas molecule? ‘The absolute temperature ofa gas is increased 3 times. What will be the increase in rms velocity of ‘What i the ratio of zm.s speed of Oxygen & Hydrogen molecules a the same temperature? Four molecules ofa gas have speeds 1, 2,3 and 4 kis, Find the ms speed ofthe gas molecule,