3.

5a – Expanding Brackets
Brain Warmup – Fractions: https://www.geogebra.org/m/rhnaykzk

NAPLAN Practice
The weight of students in a class were recorded below (kg)

Stem Leaf
4 0 2 5 6 7 9
5 1 5 8 9 9
6 2 3 5 8
Key: 5 | 1 = 51 kg
How many students weighed between 52 and 59 kilogram (inclusive)?

a) 2 students b) 4 students c) 3 students d) 5 students

Retrieval Practice
Question 1
Write the following numbers in scientific notation
A) 51000 B) 0.067
2
103 167 10
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251
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Question 2
Write the following numbers in decimal notation
C) 4 × 10 6 D) 5.7 × 10−3
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0.0057
26,000,000
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Learning Goals
Be able to expand brackets and collect like terms.
Success Criteria
Can I expand brackets and collect like terms?
Context
Expanding brackets is an algebraic representation of extending any quantity (extension ladder, increasing a
field etc)

Activating Prior Knowledge

Question 3
Calculate without a calculator
A) 23 × 8 B) 56 × 7 C) 47 × 9
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D) 2a × 5 E) 3b × 6 b F) 5c × 7 c
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Acquire and Integrate Knowledge
This lesson covers expanding brackets. You have actually been doing this for many years. We just looked at
how to do it with numbers, we will now do it with letters (algebraically).

Example 1
Calculate
7 × 26

Primary School Method Field Method Brackets Method

We will now try it with some letters as well as numbers:

Example 2
Expand
3 (x + 4)

Field Method Brackets Method

Example 3
Expand
3(x−4)

Field Method Brackets Method

Example 4
Expand
3 x ( x − 4)

Field Method Brackets Method

Example 5
Expand
− 3 x (x − 4)

Field Method Brackets Method

Question 4
Expand and simplify
A) 2 (x + 4) B) 3 (x − 5) C) 4(2 x+3)
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D) 2 x (x + 4) E) 3 x (x − 3) F) 2 x(3 x−6)
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G) − 2 (x + 3) H) − 3 x ( x + 4) I) −2 x(3 x−5)
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We will now try it with two sets of brackets, it is exactly the same as before, just with one more step. The
process is:
1) Expand the single brackets (watch for negatives)
2) See if you can combine anything

Example 6
Expand and simplify
A) 3 (x − 4)+ 2 (x + 3) B) 3 x (x−4)−2(x+3)
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Question 5
Expand and simplify
A) 2 ( x + 4) +3 (x − 2) B) 2 ( x + 2) +3 (x − 5)
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C) 4 ( x + 3) − 3 (x + 4) D) 3 (x − 5) − 2 ( x + 5)
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E) 2 ( x + 4) +3 x (x − 2) F) 2 ( x + 2) +3 x (x − 6)
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G) 4 x (x +3)− 3 ( x + 2) H) 3 x (x − 5)− 2 (x +5)
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I) 4 x (x +3)− 5 (x + 3) J) 3 x (x − 5)− 2 x (x + 3)
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Challenge Questions
Question 6
Expand and simplify
A) 4 x (x +3)− 3 x (2 x − 5) B) − 4 x2 (3 x − 2) − 2 x (x − 3 x 3 )
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2 3
C) 5 x (x + 3 y x) − 3 x y (2 y − 5 x) D) − 4 x (3 x − 2) − 2 x (x − 3 x )
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 2 2 2 3
E) 5 a (a + 3 b)− 3 a (2 x − 5 a b) F) − 4 c (3 d − 2 c)− 2 d (c − 3 d )
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2 2 2 2
G) 3 c (c − d)− 2 d (2 +3 c d)+ 2 d (3 c − 5 d)
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Textbook Questions

Exercise 3.5
KAPS MAPS
• Q1bhnt • Q10
• Q2bdfh • Q11

Checking for Understanding

Question 7
Expand and simplify
A) 3 (x − 4) B) 2 ( x − 5)+ 2 (x + 3) C) 3 (x + 2)− 2 (x − 4)
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