Superfluous

CHAPTER I
Introduction: and
motlab hota hai ek esa word jiski zarurat nahi hoti wo extra hota hai.
Superfluous ka
Example:
Cousin brotherSister ’ Cousin nss).s
ke soth brother yo sister word ka use nahi karte hain.
Explonatiom:- Cousin sister word use .,
aap mein ek moun hoto hai. Isiliye Cousin ke sath brother ya
apne
according galat hota hai.
jaata hai aur yeh grammar ke chalega ki cousin ladka hai ya ladki- Tol :.,
Ek Doubt veh o0 sokto hoi ki - poto koise
hint d
herlhis cousin jaise words use kiye jayenge ya tir paragraph mein koi na koi
liye

Consensus
2. Consensus opimion ’
hai, kyunki concensus ka matloh
Explonation:- Consensus ke sath opinion nahi lagaya jaata
hi hoto hai 'public ko opinion'.

3. Consort husbandwife ’ consort

wife ya husband' isiliye consort ke sath
Explanation:- Consort ko matlab hi hota hai 'kisi ki
husband yo wife nahi oato hai.

4. Final conclusion ’ conclusion nhi

Conclusion ko matlab hi hota hai final result' toh conclusio ke sath final
Explanotion;-
aoyego.

S. Funeral service’ Funeral hota hai last

ka matlab hi
Explanotion;- Funeral ke soth Service nahi Qoto hai kuunki funeral
Service'.

6. Mutuol agreement ’ Agreement humesha mutually

Explanation:- Agreement ke saoth mutual nahi aata hai kyunki 'agreement
hi hota hai, logon ke beech sehomoti se.

7. Mutual friend ’ common friend. 3O8

AMAN SIR ENGLISH

 Explanation;- Mutual friend sahi nahi hota hai iski
jagah 'Common friend' sahi hota hoi.
. |Two Twins ’ Twins
Explanation:- Twins ke sath two nahi aata hai,
Twins ko matlob hi hoto hai 2
(two).

Reaso because ’ Reason that

9.
Explanation:- Reaso ke sath because nahi aata kyunki
batane ke hi kaam aata hai. 'because' aisa conjuction hai jo kaaran
ya reason

10. Equally as good as as good as

Ltion:- 'as good as' ke sath 'equally' word nhi
lagate kyunki 'as good as' ek simile
structure hota hai jiska matlab hota hai equal.

n. kindly requested ’ kindly / please (Active voice)

Requested (Passive voice)
Explanation:- Kindly ke sath requested nahi lagaya jata kyunki dono ka meaning same hota
hai. Dono mein se koi ek hi lagaya jaata hai.

12. Supposing if ’ supposing /

Supposing' aur f dono ek sath nhi aate, kyunki dono ka matlab same hota hai toh dono
mein se koi ek hi
lagayenge.
I3,
Suppose if ’
Explanation:-
hoti
'Suppose' ke sath nahi lagate hain, kyunki suppose apne aap mein ek verb
hai, toh suppose ko drop kar dete hain.

14.
Family member ’ member of family.
Explanation:- Family member Iikhna galat hota hai humesha 'member of family' likha jata
hai.

D English teacher
Teacher of English

AMAN SIR ENGLISH 309

 Explanotion:- English teacher likhna galat hota hai, kyunki iska matlab hota hai
jo england mein rehta hai ya england se belong karta hai. Agar hume ye likhna aisa
hai teacher
padhane wala teacher toh teacher of English' likhna hoga.
'english
I6. Passing marks’ Pass marks
Explanation:- Passing marks' ka matlab hota hai ki 'pass hote hue marks' but
kehna hai ki 'pass hone ke liye marks' isliye 'pass marks' likha jayega. hume ye

I7. Freeship ’ Free studentship

Explanation:- Freeship' golat word hai, "free studentship' sahi word hai jiska matlah boks 3.
ki 'free mein student banane ka mauka (Scholarship),

I8. Lecturership lectureship

Explanationi- Lecturership galat word hota hai sahi word lectureship' hota h, Jiska matlab
hoto hai 'Lecture dene ke liye'

In words ke sath Not' hi lagayo jato hai:

Until- ka matlab hi hota hai 'till not jab tak nhi)
Unless- ka matlab hi hota hai if not (Agar nahi)
o Forbid - ka matlab hi hota hai ki 'kisi ko koi kaam karne se rokna ya mana karna'
Prohibit - ka matlab hi hota hai 'mana karna'
Prevent- ko yahan matlab hota hai 'kisi ko mana karna/rokna'
Dissuade- ka matlab hai 'kisi ko koi kaam karne se rokna .ya mana karna
Refuse - iska bhi matlab hai ki 'koi kaam karne se mana karna'
isliye inke satn
Note -Uper ke words mein already 'No' (pahle se hi not hota h)
'not' nhi lagaga jaata.
In words ke sath 'over use na karein
Over-ride, overturn, overshadow, overshoot, overtop etc.

ln words ke sath "Again" word ka use na karein i Recast,

Reiterate,
Kyunki inka matlab hi hoto hai- 'dobora yo firse' -Reborn, Rebuild, Regain.
Recall, Rewite, Recapitulate etc.

In words ke sath "bock" ko use na karein t Reecede.

Reimburse, Retreat,
Kyunki inko matlab hi hota hai ki 'wapas aa jaana'- Return, 310
Revert etc.

AMAN SIR ENGLISH

 Exomples- we had no other
Explanation:- Yahan par alternative
alternative' ke
but to wait and watch.
matlab hi hota hai dusra sath
option' toh 'other ki koi'other nahi aoyego kyunki
Example:-Such acts must
be 'alternative
zarurat nahi hai. ka
Explanation:- Yahan par 'by all' aur condemned
by all
universally.
dono ek sath nhi aa payenga isliye kisiuniversally' dono ko matlab
ek ka hi hota hai 'Sab ke
use krein. dwara' toh
Examples-We have signed mutual *
Explanation:- ´Agreement' apne agreement with the other party.
aap mein hi
'mutual nahi lagayenge. mutual hota hai, isliye
'ogreement' ke sath
Examples- We shall reach there at 7 am
in the
diya hai toh inmorning.
Explanation:- Yahan par 'a.m' likh
hai 'a.m.' morning ke liye hi lagate hain. the moming' likhne ki koi
zarurat nahi
Signaturev
Examples-Please put your sign * on the papers.
Explanation:- Sign' ki jagah per
noun hota hai, and yahan par 'signature' use hoga kyunki 'sign' verb hoti hai aur
noun ki
requirement hai. 'signature'
Example:-The passage must not exceed more than * 400
Explanation:- 'exceed' ke sath words.
'more than' more than' nhi aayega kyunki exceed ka
matiab hi hota hai

Example-what was the final * conclusion of the

Explanation:- Conclusion' humesha final hi hota hai isliyemeeting.?
conclusion ke sath final nhi aayega.
ateacher of English
ExamplExple:-aMnatr.ion:-Sharma is an Engl ish te acher. *
Yahan par 'English teacher nahi 'a teacher of english aayega. Kyunki yahan
par
meaning 'english padhane wala teacher hai.

Common friendv
ExamplExples-anatKarioan:n - i'Ms utourual frimutual friend * so we should help him.
end galat hota hai. 'Common friend' sahi hota hai.
ExamExplpler-Iatnation:-.
Was | who saw the spaceship at
'At isliye nahi
first.
aayega kyunki yahan first' adverb of time hai.
AMAN SIR ENGLISH 311
 Examples- Rahul and Seema went to the hotel lon yesterday.
Explanotion:- on' preposition isliye nahi aayegi kyunki 'yesterday' yahan par adverb
hai. of time
Examplet-you should not proceed forward * now as it is very dark.
Explanation:- 'Proceed' ka matlab hi hota hai move forward toh forward' nobi .
Example:-German armies returned back * from the battle field to their
campshai
Explanation:- 'Returmed ke sath'back' nahi aayega kyunki 'return' ka matlab hi hota
come back'
'to

Example:-This rice is not sufficientenough to feed all these boys.

Explonation:- "Sufficient' and 'enough' dono ka matlab hota hai 'paryapt toh dono mein
koi ek hi lagayenge.
that
Examples- The reason he does not like her is because x she makes him fool.
Explonation:- Sentence mein ogar reoson' pehle hi likha ho toh 'because' ki jagah par 'that'
conjunction aayega.

Example:-l was not oble to listen to your voice so could you repeat itgain.
Explanatiom :- ´repeat' ko matlab hi hota dobara toh 'again' lagane ki zarurat nahi h.

Examples- Einstein is known for a number of new x innovations.

Explanotion;- Innovation' humesha nayi cheez ka hi hota hai isliye 'new' lagane ki zarurat
nahi hai.

Exampler-l will come to your office if you revert back j* me.

Explanation:- Revert' ke sath back nhi aata kyunki revert ka matlab hi hota hai wapas Jawau
dena.

Pass
Example:-He could borely score passing x marks. iska matlab
hota
Explanotion:-Yahan par 'passing marks' Wi jogah 'pass marks' aayega kyunki
hai 'pass hone ke liye marks'.
performance.
Examples- Rajat is equally * as good as Rohit if we compare their same hota
Explanation:- "As good as ke sath 'equally' nahi aata kyunki dono ka meaning
hai.
312

AMAN SIR ENGLISH

 SupposingIIf
Example:- Suupposing iflx he doesn't come what shall we do?
Explanation:- 'Supposing' ya if mein se koi ek laga denge kyunki dono ka matlab same hi
hota hai.

Example: Suppose if * he doesn't help us where will we go?

Explanation:-'suppose' generally verb ki tarah use kiya jata hai and conjunction ki tarah
coonjunction chahiye isliye suppose hata denge
se, yahan
Al) the members of the family
Example:- All family members* got together at the party.
Éxplonation-Sahi structure `allthe members of fomily' use hoga agar saare family members
ki baat ho rahi hai toh.

got his daughters married

Example:- Mr. gupta married his daughters x in rich families.
Explanation:-yahan par meaning ye dena tha ki "Mr. gupta ne saadi karayi' aur 'married'
means hota h 'shaadi karna' toh sahi meaning dene ke liye "got his daughters married' use
hoga.

Women/ ladiesv
Example-All the females x of the family supported the decision.
Explanation:-yahan noun ki 2arurat hai but female' word jab noun hota hai to uska matlab
poori naari jaati Cclass of animal that can lay eggs or produce young ones) hota hai. Kisi
particular family ki kuch Qurton ke liue women ya ladies' word ka use karte hain.

ladies coachv
Example:- As he was getting late, he got into a female coachx of delhi metro.
Explausenatiokiyan:-Yahan
Coach par females ke liye
jaata hai.
coach' sense deni hai toh ladies coach' ya 'women

Abroad

Example-The people living în foreiqn x often miss their mother.

Explforeaingnation:-Yahan
jo par 'in foreign' ki jagah 'abroad use hoga jiska matlab hota hai 'wo log
mein rehte hain' jo ki adverb of place ban jayega.

AMAN SIR ENGLISH 313